Viewpoint Of Resilience Research Articles

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Online Destination Marketing Campaigns from a Sustainability and Resilience Viewpoint: The Case of “This Is Athens & Partners” in Greece

The need for a consistent marketing evaluation framework has been highlighted by destination authorities, who in collaboration with academia and marketing professionals have sought to formulate methodologies for measuring the impact of their campaigns. Although several attempts have been made, no simple solution has emerged for evaluating destination marketing activities. This study draws on This is Athens & Partners to reveal the interaction that should take place when destination authorities employ external experts to implement and evaluate their marketing campaigns. The collaboration required adopting the appropriate destination marketing evaluation methodology, which is presented. The adapted methodology, formulated through consultation, resulted in the selection of the advertising tracking survey as the data collection method and the adaptation of a measurement instrument. The research findings show that destination marketing can positively influence the funnel process potential travelers consider when deciding on a travel destination, only when digital tools are combined with effective strategic marketing planning and, more recently, with references to resilience and sustainability. Insights from this paper regarding the importance of establishing an informative evaluation methodology to mitigate potential deficiencies in planned marketing initiatives may prove of added value to destination authorities and stakeholders.

Paving the complex path to building climate resilient cities through disaster health diplomacy and international public health policy

Disaster resilience defines society’s capabilities to resist/adapt/recover from hazardous events. Priorities for action were outlined at the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction to reduce disaster risks by understanding the process, strengthening governance, investing in resilience, improving preparedness/effective response capacities/rehabilitation processes/reconstruction procedures. Disaster diplomacy is a fast growing interdisciplinary field. Natural disasters potentially generate opportunities for diplomatic interaction between rival parties/conflicting states. Climate crisis is growing. By large, Summer 2023 was globally the warmest on record. The 2015 Paris Agreement was a landmark; UNOHCHR proposes a universal decleration of disaster rights. Climate change has widespread impacts on human health. “The greatest health threat of the 21stcentury” affects socio environmental determinants of health, clean air/water/food/shelter. Ninety percent of all disasters are climate/weather related, resulting in >410,000deaths in the last decade, expected to cause 250,000 additional deaths/year from malnutrition/malaria,/diarrhoea/heat stress in 2030 2050. IFRC focuses on strengthening ownership/community leadership/outreach/funding/forecasting/anticipatory action. Climate related flashpoints are the early warnings of impending crises. Turkey Greece have a lot in common from a climate change/disaster resilience viewpoint. Successive earthquakes generated rescue responses/mutual aid/outpouring of sympathy between the two countries within the last decade. Extreme weather events, high temperatures, severe rainfalls continue to batter both countries. Global warming brought intense flooding/wildfires to Southeast Europe/Southwest Asia. Climate change is expected to become the strongest driver of human migration through complex mechanisms in the Mediterranean Basin. The sustainability of Greece’s migration policies may be challenged against the global climate crisis. Environmental change has potential impacts on human health. Health diplomacy in international relations focuses on protecting health/well being. In the past, health interventions as foreign policy were regarded not to be associated with diplomatic disaster efforts. This oral presentation challenges earlier opinions and proposes a “climate change health diplomacy model” for improving capacities in disaster resilience. Around the world, health care professionals speak a unique/universal language of their own. Countries with “otherwise conflicting interests,” stand in solidarity during natural disasters. Through further elaborating on the principles of sustainable collaboration on disaster risks/health diplomacy/climate change, a “first time disaster health diplomacy model” may be developed to serve the world. An outline is hereby presented, 1 to define paths of communication versus the current ad hoc disaster diplomacy efforts, 2 to incorporate risks into the disaster diplomacy plan, 3 to incorporate a well planned disaster health diplomacy agreement. As the Turkish saying goes, “HEALTH COMES FIRST”.

Rule-Driven Forwarding for Resilient WSN Infrastructures.

We present a simple, robust, ad hoc forwarding scheme for small-footprint, low-cost wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and discuss some of its features from the viewpoint of resilience. The class of applications shaping the resilience requirements for our discussion covers temporary, and possibly disposable deployments of potentially massive populations of sensing nodes to assist in the management of emergency missions, including the management of the effects from natural or man-made disasters. Our goal is to make the network resistant to failures of any of its fragments, which may result from the network's intended modus operandi or from intentional malicious attempts at crippling its function, while keeping the cost and footprint of the devices at the absolute minimum.

System-reliability-based disaster resilience analysis: Framework and applications to structural systems

As part of the recent effort to understand the performance capabilities of various engineering systems from their initial disruptions to the recovery phase, interest in the concept of resilience has been growing. In particular, to assess the disaster resilience of civil infrastructures subjected to natural or man-made hazards, various resilience criteria have been proposed. Given that infrastructures are complex systems consisting of components whose post-disaster performance capabilities are uncertain and interdependent, a system-reliability-based perspective is needed for a comprehensive evaluation of their disaster resilience. To this end, this paper characterizes disaster resilience from a system-reliability-based perspective in terms of three criteria: reliability, redundancy, and recoverability. These criteria are then discussed at each of the three scales of infrastructure systems, i.e., individual structures, infrastructure networks, and urban communities. Among the research needs and opportunities identified for the nine combinations of the resilience criteria and application scales (termed a “3x3 resilience matrix”), this paper focuses on a comprehensive assessment of the reliability and redundancy of an individual structure and proposes what is termed a “reliability-redundancy (β-π) analysis” method along with a consideration of recoverability. For each of the initial disruption scenarios of component failures, the proposed analysis method computes the reliability index (β) and redundancy index (π) based on the probabilities of the scenario and the corresponding system-level failure, respectively. Using a β-π diagram that shows the pairs of the calculated indices for a given type of hazard, one can compute the system-level failure probability per hazard occurrence and identify critical initial disruption scenarios requiring further investigations and actions to assure proper disaster resilience. By incorporating a recoverability index into the β-π diagram, decision-makers can identify top-priority initial disruption scenarios from a disaster resilience viewpoint. Numerical examples illustrate the proposed β-π analysis method and demonstrate its general applicability and effectiveness during the effort to evaluate and manage the disaster resilience of structural systems. The source codes of the paper are available for download at https://github.com/Seonghyun-Lim/beta-pi_analysis.

War of Ideology vs a Sober View: Sustainable vs Resilient?

After serious ecological problems had arisen, the ideology “to protect Mother Earth by all means” emerged and the very symbol of “Mother Earth” developed into a key media issue. The authors and spreaders of this ideology rely heavily on the concept of non-resilient sustainability. Unquestioning and uncritical adherence to this rigid principle led to the emergence of a series of societal experiments and their unexpected consequences. In the article, I study this ideology and compare it with the soberer scientific and socio-political viewpoint of resilience.

Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Disaster Risk Reduction from the Viewpoint of Resilience

Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Disaster Risk Reduction from the Viewpoint of Resilience

A Model-Based Engineering Methodology and Architecture for Resilience in Systems-of-Systems: A Case of Water Supply Resilience to Flooding

There is a clear and evident requirement for a conscious effort to be made towards a resilient water system-of-systems (SoS) within the UK, in terms of both supply and flooding. The impact of flooding goes beyond the immediately obvious socio-aspects of disruption, cascading and affecting a wide range of connected systems. The issues caused by flooding need to be treated in a fashion which adopts an SoS approach to evaluate the risks associated with interconnected systems and to assess resilience against flooding from various perspectives. Changes in climate result in deviations in frequency and intensity of precipitation; variations in annual patterns make planning and management for resilience more challenging. This article presents a verified model-based system engineering methodology for decision-makers in the water sector to holistically, and systematically implement resilience within the water context, specifically focusing on effects of flooding on water supply. A novel resilience viewpoint has been created which is solely focused on the resilience aspects of architecture that is presented within this paper. Systems architecture modelling forms the basis of the methodology and includes an innovative resilience viewpoint to help evaluate current SoS resilience, and to design for future resilient states. Architecting for resilience, and subsequently simulating designs, is seen as the solution to successfully ensuring system performance does not suffer, and systems continue to function at the desired levels of operability. The case study presented within this paper demonstrates the application of the SoS resilience methodology on water supply networks in times of flooding, highlighting how such a methodology can be used for approaching resilience in the water sector from an SoS perspective. The methodology highlights where resilience improvements are necessary and also provides a process where architecture solutions can be proposed and tested.

A Novel “Resilience Viewpoint” to aid in Engineering Resilience in Systems of Systems (SoS)

AbstractDesigning evolutionary systems to meet stakeholder expectations on safety, reliability and overall resilience is of great importance in an age of interconnectivity and high dependency systems. With incidents and disruptions becoming more frequent in recent years, the requirement for systems to demonstrate high levels of resilience given the economic, political and temporal dimensions of complexity, resilience is of great significance today. Systemic resilience is of high importance at the global level. Therefore, the role of the system engineer and architect is becoming more demanding due to the need to consider requirements from a broader range of stakeholders and to implement them into early conceptual designs. The early modeling process of all systems is common ground for most engineering projects, creating an architecture to both understand a system and to design future iterations by applying model‐based processes has become the norm. With the concept of systems‐of‐systems (SoS) becoming common language across multiple engineering domains, model‐based systems engineering techniques are evolving hand‐in‐hand to provide a paradigm to better analyse current and future SoS. The intrinsic characteristics of the constituent systems that make up the SoS make the challenge of designing and maintaining the reliability and resilience of a systems extremely difficult. This paper proposes a novel viewpoint, within an architecture framework (based around DoDAF, MoDAF and UPDM) to aid systems architects explore and design resilient SoS. This is known as the Resilience Viewpoint. Much of the research in the area is focussed on critical infrastructure (CI), looking at telecommunication networks, electric grid, supply networks etc, and little has been done on a generalizable tool for SoS architecture analysis, especially using existing modeling languages. Here, the application of the ‘Resilience Viewpoint’ is demonstrated using a case study from an integrated water supply system of systems, to portray its potential analytical capabilities.

PERILAKU BELANJA PETANI TEMBAKAU PASCA PANEN RAYA DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KETAHANAN EKONOMI KELUARGA (Study Di Desa Campur Sari, Kecamatan Bulu, Kabupaten Temanggung, Propinsi Jawa Tengah)

This study was conducted to determined the effect of Farmer Behavior in spending money Post Harvest Tobacco toward the economic resilience viewpoint tobacco farmers in it. This research was a fi eld and descriptive. The study population was a tobacco farmer in the village environment Campursari which was only 3 miles from the Temanggung city center. The technique of sampling used purposive sampling method with the assumption that the population was bound by the context of a specific event, while taking a sample of 50 farmers. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and literature. Data was processed and analyzed by inductively qualitative and quantitative descriptive. The family economic resilience was measured based on the well-being of families, using the concept of the World Bank’s poverty income approach and the expenditure approach the Biro Pusat Statistik. Based on research, the existence of Harvest Tobacco on tobacco farming had a major role for the economy of farming families, including: (i) provide accessibility productive arena that carried the values of equality; (ii) be a leading contributor to the economy of farming families indicated by the high value of the contribution of revenue from the arena to the household income; (iii) the existence of tobacco farming capable of be an alternative option for the people of the informal sector employment Temanggung. While constraints in the management of tobacco farming included weather problems, tobacco regulation and innovation. The results also suggested that the behavior of farmers in post-harvest spend money tobacco implicated in the negative trend of economic resilience of farming families. The “poor” during the harvest respondents viewed from revenues of 2% and the respondents in the category of “poor” increased reach a percentage of 4% from the perspective of the poverty line approach to value consumption / expenditure. The conclusion of this study was the existence of Harvest tobacco had a great signifi cance for the economic improvement of farming families who could view how the farmers put a high dependence on the market arenas forthe fulfillment of The family welfare. However, the success of the harvest always followed by spending behavior that affected the economic resilience of the family.Keywords: Behavior, Harvest, and Family Economical Resilience

A technology enhanced course for communication incorporating empathy

This paper aims at the dissemination of a new course design, which reports and shares our experience of designing a new course to meet the new needs in the society. The higher education has been focusing on developing students’ logical thinking or reasoning skills through debate, believing that such skills would make the students succeed in the society after graduation. However, from the view point of resilience in the society after a natural disaster, which usually demolishes the fundamental infrastructure as well as human bonding through trust, the communication with empathy to build trust seems to play a more important role than the skill to debate. Is there any way to incorporate such advanced communication skill with empathy in the higher education responding to the current needs from the society before the students become members of the society? Kansai University has developed a new experimental course for advanced communication with empathy to be implemented in the general education enhanced with ICT. This paper reports Kansai University’s successful problem-solving process and endeavor in the curriculum development for the communication with empathy.

グアテマラ高地マヤ女性の織りと装いの文化的意義を問う—レジリアンスを視座に

グアテマラ高地マヤ女性の織りと装いの文化的意義を問う—レジリアンスを視座に