Resilience Of Healthcare Workers Research Articles

A comparison of the mental health impacts and resilience of healthcare workers in rural Manitoba during the COVID-19 pandemic

Drawing on resilience research in rural studies, this study examined the mental health experiences of frontline healthcare workers during two stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in rural Manitoba, Canada. Data were collected using online surveys from May to June 2020 (n = 137) and from May to June 2021 (n = 219). The surveys assessed symptoms of anxiety and identified strategies and barriers to addressing mental health concerns. Most respondents exhibited clinical symptoms of anxiety as measured by the GAD-7 scale. Respondents mostly accessed informal supports, such as family and friends, in the first survey in 2020, and a broader mix of informal and formal supports in the 2021 survey. In both surveys, numerous barriers to accessing formal mental health support were identified. Our findings suggest that although some degree of resilience in the face of the pandemic was prevalent in rural areas, there is a need for accessible professional and peer mental health support for frontline healthcare workers. The research also highlights the importance of context and resources in sustaining the healthcare workforce in rural areas as part of the pandemic response.

The effect of dispositional resilience on the relationship between professional quality of life and psychological distress factors of nurses during the pandemic: A three-wave longitudinal study.

COVID-19 overwhelmed all healthcare workers, especially nurses, who worked tirelessly in patient care in extremely stressful situations. Italy, with its hospital overcrowding and staff shortages, exacerbated these negative consequences. A three-wave prospective longitudinal-design was adopted to use validated scales to examine the trend of stress, anxiety, depression and resilience on the professional quality of life of nurses who worked during the pandemic. During an 8-month period, a sample of 411 individuals was recruited and surveyed three times. Resilience showed an increasing positive trend from the first to the third wave, increasing its effects on the outcomes and demonstrating its important protective role. The compassion fatigue showed progressively higher scores in the three waves, indicating greater workload perception and greater difficulty in managing the patients' perceived stress. Burnout increased in the first compared to second waves but decreased significantly in the third wave, due to the effect of resilience on burnout that was significantly stronger in the third wave. Our findings align with the literature about the role of resilience and emphasize the importance of investing in strategies aimed at developing resilience in healthcare workers and providing prevention and assistance to them in terms of job demands and unsustainable stressors.

Trajectories of symptoms of depression, distress, and resilience in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and toward its end in Czechia.

The mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) may have improved after the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to model the trajectories of psychological distress, depressive symptoms, and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic and toward its end in HCWs in Czechia and investigate, which COVID-19 work stressors were associated with these trajectories. The study included 322 HCWs from the Czech arm of the international HEROES Study who participated in an online questionnaire in two waves during the pandemic and one wave toward its end. Growth mixture modeling identified trajectory patterns of depressive symptoms (measured with Patient Health Questionnaire), distress (General Health Questionnaire), and resilience (Brief Resilience Scale). Logistic regression was applied to estimate the association of COVID-19 stressors with mental health trajectories, adjusting for baseline characteristics. Trajectory classes revealed both high and low depressive symptoms (high in 61% of participants), distress (high in 82% of participants), and resilience (low in 32% of participants). Depressive symptoms and distress trajectories demonstrated the same shape, first increasing during the pandemic and decreasing toward its end, while resilience remained constant. Exposure to COVID-19 stressors, in particular, the experience of stigmatization, discrimination, and violence, was associated with high depressive symptoms and distress trajectories, but not with resilience. Interventions provided to HCWs during crises such as pandemic should target distress and depressive symptoms and need to address stigmatization, discrimination, and violence.

Good Grief Rounds: A Storytelling Based Debrief Method and its Ability to Improve Resilience in Healthcare Workers

Good Grief Rounds: A Storytelling Based Debrief Method and its Ability to Improve Resilience in Healthcare Workers

Fluctuations of stress and resilience in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights and recommendations

BackgroundHealthcare workers (HCW) have faced unprecedented challenges during the COVID-19, with significant impact on their well-being. We aimed to monitor stress-related symptoms and resilience in HCW over time in relation to various factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodsBetween June 2020 and May 2022, data was collected among HCW of Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC) through a digital self-monitoring application. The application included a 14-items self-monitoring tool (i.e., 7-items on Supporting factors, 7-items on Stressful burden), and a set of validated questionnaires (i.e., the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R), Resilience Evaluation Scale (RES), and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). ResultsThe self-monitoring tool and validated questionnaires were completed by 1070 and 413 participants respectively. Mean stress-related symptom scores (as measured by the self-monitoring, CBI, IES-R, and DASS-21) exhibited significant changes over time (all p’s < 0.001), which correlated with the waves of COVID-19 patients admitted and the national COVID-19 mortality rate (all p’s < 0.005). Resilience, as measured by the RES, showed a significant decrease from the start of data collection onwards (p = 0.001), whereas supporting factors showed significant decreases the first few months, followed by fluctuations after January 2021 (p = 0.02). LimitationsSelection bias may have arisen as those participating may have been more concerned with the burden on mental wellbeing. ConclusionsThe current study underscores the need for active psychosocial support for all HCW particularly during periods of increased admissions due to pandemics.

Psychological resilience in healthcare workers: A review of strategies and intervention

Healthcare workers face numerous stressors in their demanding and often emotionally taxing roles. The importance of psychological resilience in mitigating the impact of these stressors and promoting well-being has garnered increasing attention. This review aims to explore the various strategies and interventions designed to enhance psychological resilience in healthcare professionals. This comprehensive review synthesizes existing literature to provide insights into the factors influencing psychological resilience, strategies for bolstering resilience, and specific interventions tailored for healthcare workers. Additionally, the review evaluates the effectiveness of these interventions and discusses challenges and barriers to their implementation. A thorough examination of peer-reviewed articles, books, and relevant literature was conducted. The search focused on studies addressing psychological resilience in healthcare workers, with a particular emphasis on interventions and strategies employed to enhance resilience. The literature review encompasses diverse healthcare settings and professional roles. The review identifies individual and workplace factors influencing psychological resilience in healthcare workers. Various strategies, including training programs and support systems, are discussed in detail. Interventions, ranging from cognitive-behavioral techniques to mind-body approaches, are analyzed for their effectiveness. Evaluation measures and outcomes are considered to assess the impact of these interventions on healthcare professionals. The review highlights challenges faced by both individuals and healthcare organizations in implementing resilience interventions. Individual resistance, as well as organizational constraints and limited resources, are explored as potential barriers to the successful implementation of resilience programs. The paper identifies research gaps and suggests emerging areas of study in the field of psychological resilience for healthcare workers. Recommendations for policymakers, advocating for the integration of resilience programs into healthcare policies, are discussed. The review also emphasizes the importance of addressing the long-term effects of resilience interventions. It contributes to the growing body of literature on psychological resilience in healthcare workers. By synthesizing evidence-based strategies and interventions, it provides valuable insights for both practitioners and policymakers. Enhancing psychological resilience among healthcare professionals is crucial for sustaining a resilient healthcare workforce, ultimately improving the overall well-being and performance of those dedicated to patient care.

Changes in hospital staff' mental health during the Covid‑19 pandemic: Longitudinal results from the international COPE-CORONA study.

This longitudinal study aimed to explore anxiety and depressive symptoms, individual resources, and job demands in a multi-country sample of 612 healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two online surveys were distributed to HCWs in seven countries (Germany, Andorra, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Romania, Iran) during the first (May-October 2020, T1) and the second (February-April 2021, T2) phase of the pandemic, assessing sociodemographic characteristics, contact with COVID-19 patients, anxiety and depressive symptoms, self-compassion, sense of coherence, social support, risk perception, and health and safety at the workplace. HCWs reported a significant increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms. HCWs with high depressive or anxiety symptoms at T1 and T2 reported a history of mental illness and lower self-compassion and sense of coherence over time. Risk perception, self-compassion, sense of coherence, and social support were strong independent predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms at T2, even after controlling for baseline depressive or anxiety symptoms and sociodemographic variables. These findings pointed out that HCWs during the COVID-19 outbreak experienced a high burden of psychological distress. The mental health and resilience of HCWs should be supported during disease outbreaks by instituting workplace interventions for psychological support.

The effect of yoga on insomnia and quality of life among nursing professionals during COVID-19: A pre-post-test interventional study.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has taken a toll on the well-being and quality of life (QoL) of healthcare professionals, especially nurses. Insomnia, a common consequence of the pandemic, adds to the physical and mental strain on healthcare workers. This study aimed to assess the impact of workplace yoga intervention on insomnia severity and QoL among female nursing and healthcare professionals during the pandemic. A pre-post-interventional study was conducted among 173 nursing professionals working in a hospital setting. Baseline assessments collected age, body mass index (BMI), insomnia severity using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and QoL using the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF). A 6-week workplace yoga intervention was conducted by trained professionals, followed by posttest assessments. Among 173 participants, 57 had insomnia. Participants without significant insomnia had higher QoL scores (P < 0.001). Following the yoga intervention, both subthreshold and moderate clinical insomnia groups experienced reduced insomnia severity (P < 0.001). Quality-of-life scores in the physical, psychological, and environmental domains improved significantly (P < 0.05). Workplace yoga intervention appears to be a promising approach to alleviate insomnia and enhance QoL among female nursing and healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Implementing tailored workplace yoga programs can play a crucial role in promoting the well-being and resilience of healthcare workers, contributing to a positive work environment and improved patient care outcomes.

Opportunities to strengthen resilience of health care workers regarding patient safety

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic endangered the quality of health care and the safety of patients and health care workers (HCWs). This provided challenges for HCWs’ resilience and for hospital management and probably increased risks for patient safety incidents (PSI). HCWs may also have experienced psychological consequences as second victims of PSI, but evidence on this is lacking. Therefore, we mapped HCWs’ experiences with PSI during the second wave of COVID-19, the associations of these experiences with the hospital management of patient safety culture and HCWs’ interests in receiving further training.MethodsWe obtained data from 193 HCWs working at the COVID-related departments of one large hospital in eastern Slovakia via a questionnaire developed in direct collaboration with them. We measured PSI experiences as various HCWs’ experiences with near miss and adverse events and the hospital management of patient safety culture using indicators such as risk of recurrence, open disclosure and second victim experiences. For analysis, we used logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender of the HCWs.ResultsOne-third of the hospital HCWs had experienced PSI; these were more likely to expect adverse events to recur (odds ratio, OR = 2.7–3.5). Regarding the hospital management of patient safety culture, the HCWs’ experiencing openly disclosed PSI was associated with one negative outcome, i.e. conflicts among colleagues (OR = 2.8), and one positive outcome, i.e. patients’ acceptance of their explanation and apologies (OR = 2.3). We found no associations for any other essential domains after disclosure. PSI experiences were strongly associated with psychological indicators of second victimhood, such as sadness, irritability, anxiety and depression (OR = 2.2–4.3), while providing support was not. The majority of the HCWs would like to participate in the suggested trainings (83.4%).ConclusionHCWs with PSI experiences reported poor hospital management of the patient safety culture, which might reflect they missed the opportunities to strengthen their resilience, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Art-based self-care during COVID-19

ABSTRACT Background The COVID-19 global pandemic was a profoundly traumatic experience, in which healthcare workers were stressed, anxious, and overwhelmed as they laboured amidst chaos, upheaval, and mounting death. During such challenging and uncertain times, it is imperative to prioritise self-care in order to maintain mental and emotional wellbeing. Aims This study explored the impact of an art-based self-care practice on the resilience of a healthcare worker during a 14-day quarantine on a trip to South Korea during COVID-19. Methods Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was employed to analyze written reflections of artwork created during my quarantine. I employed a grounding art therapy directive consisting of six steps: find a comfortable position, identify my feelings, allow thoughts or images to arise, create and respond to the images, engage in art dialogue with the artwork, and give a name to the whole process. Results Three phases emerged reflecting a journey in which states of powerlessness and confusion gave way to a release of frozen feelings and a renewal of body awareness. Elaborated healing images then emerged representing a return of hope, spirituality, growth, and a longing to reconnect with others. Conclusions Amidst such a chaotic overwhelming traumatic experience art-based self-care practices can be a way to regain a sense of control and self-efficacy. Implications for practice/policy/future research Art-based self-care practices can be valuable for healthcare workers during times of crisis and stress. Including semi-structured interviews inquiring into the experiences of a larger number of participants and controlled experimental designs would help validate these findings. Plain-language summary The COVID-19 global pandemic was a profoundly traumatic experience, affecting individuals worldwide and causing acute anxiety, stress, and sense of overwhelm. Healthcare workers, in particular, were stressed and exhausted due to work overload. During such challenging times, it is imperative to prioritise self-care to increase resilience. I had been working as art therapist in a psychiatric unit of a hospital for 9 months when I had to return to my birthplace of South Korea to attend to a family matter. Facing a 14-day quarantine, I decided to practice art-based self-care as a way to soothe and attend to my anxious emotional state. I wanted to understand the benefits of art-based self-care on resilience in healthcare workers. The directive consisted of six steps: find a comfortable position, identify my feelings, allow thoughts or images to arise, create and respond to the images, allow verbal responses to the images, and give a name to the whole process. I examined the written reflections of the artwork I created during daily self-care practice. The results reflect a journey, in which a state of fragmentation and exhaustion gave way under the exploration of my complex inner state, releasing diverse emotions, and leading to bodily awareness and emotional restoration. I rediscovered a sense of hope and a spiritual inclination to reconnect with others. Art-based self-care helped facilitate reconnection with myself, my needs, my body, and others, which in turn enabled me to prioritise self-care during the stresses of COVID-19. Policymakers and healthcare organisations should consider incorporating art-based self-care programmes for healthcare workers to support their resilience and emotional wellbeing. Future researchers should consider interviewing a larger number of healthcare workers who follow the grounding art-therapy directive I used. Stronger research designs could be used to further support my findings and inform future interventions for healthcare workers.

The Influence of Positivity on the Meaning of Life among Malaysian Frontliners during the Global COVID-19 Pandemic

The fight against COVID-19 is far from reaching an end. It implies Malaysian COVID-19 frontliners, unfortunately, lose their purpose to strive for a better future. Under that hypothetical situation, this study aims to scrutinize the positivity during the global pandemic with the sensibility of meaning in life among COVID-19 frontliners. The method of qualitative data collection was employed in this study. The purposive and snowball sampling techniques were in an alliance in recruiting 18 frontliners from Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a series of open-ended questions that were based on the topics the researchers aimed to cover. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data that was gathered. Findings show that Malaysian COVID-19 frontliners’ drive to overcome adversity using their meaning in life. It gave them a sense of life satisfaction with a human connection emphasizing the need to support one another. Most frontliners in Malaysia also have a charitable nature to uphold social welfare since their dedication aids their personal development. Like all humans, frontliners occasionally experience overwhelming situations, which forces them to turn to spiritualism since their religious literacy and personal devotion give them life purpose. This study can be further enhanced by incorporating possible psychological interventions, such as psychoeducation, that can strengthen the positivity of healthcare workers. By providing self-help techniques to cultivate positivity and motivation, the meaning of life for individual healthcare workers can be increased. This would be a valuable addition to the current focus on establishing Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to safeguard frontliners and flatten the curve of virus spread. While awareness among Malaysian citizens through the MySejahtera application is crucial, strengthening the positivity and resilience of healthcare workers is equally important. By implementing such interventions, healthcare workers can feel supported and empowered, ultimately improving their well-being and ability to provide quality care.

Predictors of resilience in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study comparing the first and second waves

Few studies have investigated the effects of the pandemic caused by COVID-19 on health professionals, especially nurses, from the point of view of the protective factors of mental health. The aim of this study was to assess the level of resilience in healthcare workers, to determine whether there were differences between two moments of the pandemic. Applying a longitudinal study, participants (N = 590) from healthcare workers completed surveys in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and the second wave. Socio-demographic and psychosocial variables such as resilience, emotional intelligence, optimism, self-efficacy, anxiety, and depression are used. There were differences between the two waves in all protective and risk variables except anxiety. In the first wave, there were three socio-demographic and psychosocial variables that explained 67.1% of the variance in resilience. In the first wave, three sociodemographic and psychosocial variables explained 67.1% of the variance in resilience in healthcare professionals. The enhancement of specific protective variables in healthcare professionals exposed to situations of high emotional stress can minimise the negative impact of the situation and promote more resilient responses in this professional group as a result.

Influences of COVID-19 Work-Related Fears and Anhedonia on Resilience of Workers in the Health Sector during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: During the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers worked under stressful conditions, challenging their individual resilience. Therefore, we explored the bidirectional influence of resilience and the factors of COVID-19 work-related fears and anhedonia in Austrian healthcare workers. Methods: Healthcare workers in Austria completed an online survey at two points in time. The first measurement started in winter 2020/2021 (t1), and a second measurement began approximately 1.5 years later (t2). One hundred and eight six individuals completed both surveys and were investigated in a longitudinal design. We applied the Resilience Scale, the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale, and a self-created questionnaire assessing COVID-19 work-related fears. We used a repeated measures analysis of variance and applied Pearson-Correlations as well as univariate and multivariate analyses of covariance. Results: Resilience was significantly correlated with COVID-19 work-related fears and anhedonia at both points in time in all participants. We found no significant differences for frontline vs. non-frontline workers at t1 and t2. Resilience decreased significantly over time. Limitations: Most subjects were examined cross-sectionally. Frontline workers were underrepresented in our sample. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of resilience in healthcare providers. Steps must be taken to maintain and promote resilience in healthcare workers. We suggest that the improvement of resilience, dealing with fears and uncertainty, and the ability to experience joy might have a beneficial influence on the respective other categories as well.

Effect of Online Balint Group and Pharmacotherapy on COVID-19 Anxiety in Iranian Healthcare Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Anxiety persists following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and has caused dysfunction. Objectives: We compared the effect of the online Balint group and pharmacotherapy on COVID-19-induced anxiety in Iranian healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods: In the current clinical trial in the north of Iran in 2021, the participants were randomly assigned to two groups, including the Balint group (eight 60-minute online sessions) and the pharmacotherapy group (sertraline), following a phone screening procedure by a psychiatrist. The groups filled out two questionnaires, namely the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Corona Disease Anxiety Scale, at baseline and after the intervention (fourth week). Results: Forty-five HCWs were assessed. There was a significant difference in total anxiety score and also in sub-component in each group (P ≤ 0.001). No significant differences were observed regarding the effectiveness of both interventions in anxiety (P = 0.52); however, the pharmacotherapy interventions significantly affected the resilience and related subscales (P ≤ 0.05). The domain of spiritual influences significantly increased in the pharmacotherapy group (P = 0.031). Conclusions: Balint group and pharmacotherapy can improve COVID-19-induced anxiety and boost resilience in HCWs.

Marital Status and Gender Differences as Key Determinants of COVID-19 Impact on Wellbeing, Job Satisfaction and Resilience in Health Care Workers and Staff Working in Academia in the UK During the First Wave of the Pandemic.

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global public health crisis that continues to exert immense pressure on healthcare and related professional staff and services. The impact on staff wellbeing is likely to be influenced by a combination of modifiable and non-modifiable factors.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the self-reported wellbeing, resilience, and job satisfaction of National Health Service (NHS) and university staff working in the field of healthcare and medical research.MethodsWe conducted a cross sectional survey of NHS and UK university staff throughout the COVID-19 pandemic between May-November 2020. The anonymous and voluntary survey was disseminated through social media platforms, and via e-mail to members of professional and medical bodies. The data was analyzed using descriptive and regression (R) statistics.ResultsThe enjoyment of work and satisfaction outside of work was significantly negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic for all of staff groups independent of other variables. Furthermore, married women reporting significantly lower wellbeing than married men (P = 0.028). Additionally, the wellbeing of single females was significantly lower than both married women and men (P = 0.017 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Gender differences were also found in satisfaction outside of work, with women reporting higher satisfaction than men before the COVID-19 pandemic (P = 0.0002).ConclusionOur study confirms that the enjoyment of work and general satisfaction of staff members has been significantly affected by the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interestingly, being married appears to be a protective factor for wellbeing and resilience but the effect may be reversed for life satisfaction outside work. Our survey highlights the critical need for further research to examine gender differences using a wider range of methods.

Religion and the Mediating Role of Alexithymia in the Mental Distress of Healthcare Workers During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in a Psychiatric Hospital in China.

The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created unprecedented challenges to the healthcare system, religion, and alexithymic trait that impacts the psychological resilience of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the role religion and alexithymia play in mental distress and the level of happiness of psychiatric hospital healthcare workers in China amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, whether symptom dimensions (anxiety, depression, hostility, inferiority, and insomnia) are associated with the level of happiness, and a 6-month follow-up was also investigated. A total of one-hundred and ninety healthcare workers were recruited from a psychiatric hospital in Jilin, China, and 122 were followed up after 6 months. All participants filled out the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, five-item Brief-Symptom Rating Scale, and the Chinese Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. The mental distress of healthcare workers decreased from 2.6 to 1.5% in 6-months. Religious belief was not associated with the mental distress or happiness of healthcare workers. Instead, for those whose anxiety decreased over 6 months, their social adaptation status increased. For those whose inferiority level decreased over time, their perceived level of psychological well-being and overall happiness increased. In over half a century of living in different societies, religion stabilizes the mental health of those in Taiwan amidst the stress of the COVID-19 pandemic, but not in China. However, both regions found healthcare workers with alexithymic traits experienced a higher level of mental distress, implying that the collectivist culture of Confucian philosophy continues to influence the emotional expression and alexithymic traits of healthcare workers in China and Taiwan. To ensure a healthy and robust clinical workforce in the treatment and control of the pandemic, the cultural impact on the psychological resilience of medical workers needs to be addressed.

Personal and professional quality of life among French health care workers during the first COVID-19 wave: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundWe aimed to assess the personal and professional quality of life changes among health care workers of different professions during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large French university hospital. Other published data originated from countries with different health care systems and outbreak dynamics.MethodsAll health care workers from our hospital were invited to fill-in an anonymous e-questionnaire of 71 questions regarding perceived personal, professional and overall quality of life before and during the first COVID-19 wave, general profile, occupation and job characteristics, change of assignment, COVID-care features if relevant, general perception during the first wave, and personal experience of being encouraged or stigmatised.ResultsThere were 794 participants, with a majority of nursing professionals (n = 416, 56%), including 57 nurse managers, 243 nurses, and 116 nurse assistants. Other participants were physicians (n = 188) and other health care staff (n = 140). Before the crisis, professional quality of life was low (6.5 on a 10-point scale) overall. The personal quality of life was higher (8.1) particularly for physicians and nurse managers. The COVID crisis saw a marked decrease in the personal quality of life (− 1.7), more pronounced in younger health care workers. Professional quality of life was less affected (− 0.4) and stayed almost constant for physicians. Staff in COVID units had a more positive perception of the crisis but experienced more fatigue, which resulted in similar quality of life levels in COVID and non-COVID units. Encouragements originated more often from relatives or colleagues than hospital managers and were exceptionally common: 63.4% of all participants, from 50.5% for other staff to 71.3% for physicians (p = 0.0005). Stigmatisation was reported by 19.3% of participants, with a higher proportion (p = 0.0001) among nurses (26.3%) and assistant nurses (23.3%) than among physicians (8.5%). From multivariate analysis, higher age, working as a physician and receiving encouragements were independently associated with lower loss of overall quality of life.ConclusionsThe resilience of health care workers was high overall during the first COVID wave although the quality of life decreased more among nursing staff. Social support in the form of encouragements is a key part of management, particularly in times of crisis.

A qualitative exploration of the National Academy of medicine model of well-being and resilience among healthcare workers during COVID-19.

AbstractAimsThe aim of this research was to explore factors affecting the well‐being and resilience of healthcare workers (HCWs) during COVID‐19.DesignQualitative content analysis of survey responses to a single, open‐ended question.MethodsThe study took place in June and July 2020 in the Mid‐Atlantic United States. Qualitative data from 452 HCWs were analysed with deductive content analysis, using a National Academy of Medicine model of factors affecting clinician well‐being and resilience. The study is reported according to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.FindingsThe findings reflect each of the seven domains of the National Academy of Medicine model, demonstrating the diverse factors that have impacted the well‐being and resilience of HCWs during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The results of the study show that factors within the workplace have significantly impacted the well‐being and resilience of HCWs during the pandemic, in particular, the practice environment and the rules and regulations implemented by healthcare organizations. At the same time, individual and even societal factors have also affected well‐being during the pandemic, but not to the same degree as factors within the workplace.ConclusionThe research findings illustrate how multiple, diverse factors have influenced the well‐being and resilience of HCWs during the pandemic. The study has practical relevance for healthcare leaders and important implications for future research.ImpactHealth system leaders can address the well‐being and resilience of healthcare workers by implementing solutions that address health system factors like the practice environment and the policies and procedures of the organization. Researchers should not only focus on individual factors associated with professional well‐being but must also expand research and interventional studies to include the system and environmental factors that significantly affect clinicians.

The predictors of secondary traumatic stress and psychological resilience in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Turkey.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between predictive factors of secondary traumatic stress (STS), that is, sociodemographic and work characteristics, and the psychological resilience of healthcare professionals working in different regions of Turkey. This cross-sectional study included 1416 healthcare workers (HCWs). An independent sample t-test and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to analyse the data. The predictor variables for STS included perception of health, fear of contagion, anxiety about infecting family members, psychological resilience, type of work, having a COVID-19 diagnosis in the family, and experiencing a loss due to COVID-19 (p<0.05). The variables that predicted psychological resilience included socioeconomic status, health status, age, marital status, work experience, and type of work (p<0.05). A low number of resilient HCWs experienced secondary traumatic stress.

Need for support among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study at an academic hospital in the Netherlands

ObjectivesThe aim of the current study is to gain insight into the factors that benefit vitality and resilience of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, to develop and direct specific...