Residential Growth Research Articles

No longer just work and play? Exploring recent residential growth within America’s “edge cities”

No longer just work and play? Exploring recent residential growth within America’s “edge cities”

Questioning pandemic recovery: A regional second city perspective

The Covid-19 pandemic unsettled many assumptions about cities and urban life. Even discounting media fears about urban ‘collapse’, the pandemic and its aftermath have led to real uncertainties about the trajectory of urban development. While the struggles of ‘superstar’ cities in the Global North have attracted significant attention, here we shift focus onto the experiences of regional second cities in an attempt to capture a different perspective. In doing so, we avoid both the sensationalism of ‘doom loop’ projections that herald the end of major cities and the uncritical embrace of new ‘opportunities’ for peripheral cities in the wake of pandemic turmoil. Instead, we offer a more critical view that acknowledges some new possibilities while highlighting both their constrained parameters and the related threat of regional gentrification. As cities around the country begin to recover from the turmoil of pandemic disruption, we accordingly question the applicability and consequences of some of the more prominent recovery strategies beyond the context of major cities and suggest careful consideration of alternative development paths for regional second cities. To illustrate the regional second city experience, we explore recent outcomes in Tacoma, Washington, where the city’s post-pandemic development strategy embraces a reliance on luxury residential growth and associated consumer amenities, defined in relation to the dominant neighbouring city of Seattle. Cautioning over working-class displacement, regional gentrification and other vulnerabilities associated with this version of recovery, we conclude by looking at emerging housing activism in Tacoma for insights into how the present moment might generate new political organising for more equitable urban development.

Contradictions and compromises in sustainability planning: The case of the sub-Arctic city of Yakutsk, Russia

Sustainability assessment frameworks often fall short of elucidating context-specific conflicts inherent in planning practice and its contribution to diverse sustainability priorities. This study explores the integration of priorities and principles associated with sustainability in the spatial planning of the sub-Arctic city of Yakutsk. It also investigates how conflicting priorities manifest in the city's development. The research involves exploratory interviews with planning stakeholders, an analysis of General Plan iterations, and profiling of two expanding residential areas. Contrasting cases of residential growth untangle tensions between environmental, development, and social dimensions, emphasizing the prioritization of specific aspects over others. The study underscores that these tensions are intricately linked to historical, political, planning, and governance contexts and reflect the complexities of urban development politics. Despite planning documents encompassing a range of principles associated with sustainable planning, current practices prioritize specific dimensions but contradict others. A targeted emphasis on specific sustainability aspects may obscure interests in particular development types and equity compromises. This study raises concerns about the effectiveness of normative evaluations of sustainable planning, overlooking conflicting dimensions evident in practice. It calls for a more in-depth examination of how principles are valued, prioritized, and compromised in specific contexts.

The Urgency of Implementing Collaborative Governance in New Housing in Palangkaraya City

This research aims to investigate the urgency of implementing collaborative governance in fulfilling the obligation to hand over public and social facilities by developers to the Palangka Raya City government. The problem focuses on the rapid development of new housing developments in the city of Palangka Raya, resulting in residential growth in various areas. Housing developments built by developers are required to fulfill advice, infrastructure, and utilities as basic needs in a residential environment. Meanwhile, many new housing developments still do not provide public and social facilities as expected. Meanwhile, every developer must provide land and hand it over to the Palangka Raya City government. The approach taken by researchers uses collaborative governance according to the Ansell and Gash model which pays attention to 4 variables, namely 1) initial conditions, 2) institutional design, 3) leadership, 4) collaboration process. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation studies and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that the collaborative governance that is taking place is not yet in harmony due to the absence of regional regulations or regulations issued by the Regional Government. And, it was found that housing developers exceed needs and there is no adequate provision of public and social facilities.
 Keywords: collaborative, governance, development, settlement

Residential Alienation and Generational Activism in Hong Kong

ABSTRACT This paper extends the concept of residential alienation to political activism in Hong Kong in the decade following the Global Financial Crisis. Young adults in Hong Kong have endured growing housing vulnerability with declining real wages, limited social benefits, and spiralling housing prices. Although university-educated, many have been excluded from the wealth accumulation of homeownership and entry to a middle-class asset society. Some have joined the waiting list for public housing. Using varied sources, the paper examines the objective and subjective status of young adults in Hong Kong as a disadvantaged housing class and how their status has corresponded with critical political attitudes. Without disputing the motivational goals of the democracy movement, the paper argues that residential alienation played a part in political mobilization. Economic justice, notably housing inclusion, required a political project to challenge the residential growth machine sanctioned by Beijing.

Actor Relationship Model in the Development of New Housing Facilities in Palangka Raya City: Problems and Urgency of Providing Public and Social Facilities

This research aims to investigate the actor relationship model in fulfilling the obligation to provide public and social facilities by developers to the Palangka Raya City government. In addition, this research designs collaboration between actors in the sustainable management of public and social facilities by the Palangka Raya City government. The focus of the problem is on the rapid development of new housing construction in Palangka Raya City which has caused residential growth in various areas. Housing construction carried out by developers must meet infrastructure, infrastructure and utilities as basic needs in a residential environment. However, many new housing developments still do not provide public and social facilities as expected. Meanwhile, it is the obligation of every developer to provide land and hand it over to the Palangka Raya City government. In overcoming this problem, this research refers to the concept of a multiple factor approach (Sudiadi, 2015; Syaifudin & Astrika, 2016). Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation in 2 sub-districts and 16 sub-districts, and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that the lack of relationship between actors/stakeholders is caused by the absence of regulations or regional regulations issued by the Regional Government. It was also found that housing development exceeded needs and did not provide adequate public and social facilities.

The Race to Exclude: Residential Growth Controls in California Cities, 1970–1992

Local regulations that restrict residential growth are a key driver of California’s affordable housing crisis. Scholars have argued these growth controls were implemented in the late 20th century by cities intending to exclude Black households. However, growth controls may also have plausibly been driven by a desire to exclude growing Hispanic, Asian, and foreign-born populations; by increased concern about the negative environmental consequences of population growth; or by homeowners’ or cities’ fiscal motivations. I jointly test these competing explanations using time-varying data on the adoption of a variety of residential growth controls covering California cities from 1970 to 1992. I find that, all else equal, cities with a lower share of Black residents—both in absolute terms, and relative to their metropolitan area—were more likely to pass residential growth controls. I also find some evidence that growth controls were more likely to be passed in areas experiencing greater Black population growth and in cities more supportive of White-Black segregation. Finally, I find strong evidence that, net of other factors, cities in areas more supportive of policies to protect the environment were more likely to pass residential growth controls.

Analisis Tingkat Pertumbuhan Perumahan (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Natar dan Kecamatan Jati Agung)

Population growth and new activity center development give impact on enhancement of residential demand. That demand always improves without be accompanied land availability and that can impact urban sprawl. The research locations are Natar and Jati Agung Sub-district which are designated as urban housing area, located on the outskirts of Bandar Lampung City. Activities will encourage the growth of demand of the private residential property thus this also encourage the building of residential area. The purpose of the research is to identify residential growth rate in the research locations. The research is conducted by using deductive approach. Data is collected by observation, interview, and literature review. Data is analyzed by using spatial analysis methods, nearest neighbor analysis, qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The result of research explains that the highest residential growth rate in Natar Sub-district is 109.44% in 2017 and in Jati Agung Sub-district is 110.50% in 2019. Cluster residential pattern in Natar Sub-district with distribution index value (T) is 0.760346 tends to grow on the primary arterial road. While the same pattern shown in Jati Agung Sub-district with the distribution index value (T) is 0.817923 and tends to grow among new activities center in the South of Jati Agung Sub-district.

Modelling of urban growth based on a Geographic Information System (GIS) and cellular automata at Sukoharjo Regency in 2032

Surakarta is one of the big cities in Central Java and is the centre of the development of the mainstay area of SUBOSUKOWONOSRATEN. The physical development of the city of Surakarta has unwittingly spread to the periphery. The material changes in land use illustrate the expansion of the city of Surakarta and social and economic towards urban areas, called urbanization. Spatially, urban development in the suburbs of Surakarta City tends to the south or, in other words, towards Sukoharjo Regency. In line with the unstoppable pace of urbanization, Sukoharjo Regency must maximize development opportunities. The growth of urban areas can indicate urbanization. Industrial and residential growth can be an indication of urban growth. Urban growth modelling uses landusesim, GIS and Cellular Automata as the basis. Expectations of land use change are for industry to increase by 405 ha and settlements to increase by 2103 ha. The most significant land use change from 2022-2032 is in residential land use with an area of 1714.95 ha, which has changed from 2022 by 9%. Changes in land use for settlements are below the previously predicted expectations. Industrial land use also experienced changes in 2032; it increased by 405 ha or 48% from 2022.

Assessing the readiness of municipalities for digital process innovation

Pre-adoption phases of innovation are understudied in the innovation literature. This article addresses pre-adoption phases of innovation by running a prospective analysis. We assess the readiness of municipalities for the adoption of a digital tool that brings about process innovation concerning stakeholder management. Through an online survey, we elicit the public managers’ attitudes and their adoption expectation towards the tool. By drawing on insights from Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Theory of Planned Behaviour, we investigate which attributes of innovation along with managerial, organisational and environmental factors, contribute to a favourable attitude and an increased likelihood of innovation adoption. Our analysis reveals that while the perceived attributes of innovation such as its relative advantage and compatibility are major determinants of attitude formation and adoption expectation, pro-digitalisation beliefs, innovation-oriented organisational culture and environmental context factors such as high population and rates of new residential growth are critical in translation of positive attitudes to increased likelihood of adoption. Hence, in addition to perceived attributes of innovation and managerial characteristics, our findings also highlight the importance of organisational and environmental factors to the adoption expectation, and thus provide a more nuanced understanding of pre-adoption phases of innovation.

The Eldercare Facility Ordinance of Los Angeles: A Synthetic Control Analysis of Residential Care Development and Growth

The 2006 eldercare facility ordinance of Los Angeles was designed to streamline permitting of senior housing development in the jurisdiction. Using California State Department of Social Services residential care and census place data, this study compares the pre and post effect of the ordinance on the number of large residential care facilities developed in Los Angeles with a comparison group using synthetic control analysis. In posttreatment, Los Angeles shows up to 33 percent more facilities per ten thousand older adults per year more than the synthetic control, underscoring the importance of such ordinances in increasing senior housing development in Los Angeles.

Modelling and simulating ‘informal urbanization’: An integrated agent-based and cellular automata model of urban residential growth in Ghana

The global urban population is expected to grow by 2.5 billion over the next three decades, and 90% of this growth will occur in African and Asian countries. Urban expansion in these regions is often characterised by ‘informal urbanization’ whereby households self-build without planning permission in contexts of ambiguous, insecure or disputed property rights. Despite the scale of informal urbanization, it has received little attention from scholars working in the domains of urban analytics and city science. Towards addressing this gap, we introduce TI-City, an urban growth model designed to predict the locations, legal status and socio-economic status of future residential developments in an African city. In a bottom-up approach, we use agent-based and cellular automata modelling techniques to predict the geospatial behaviour of key urban development actors, including households, real estate developers and government. We apply the model to the city-region of Accra, Ghana, drawing on local data collection, including a household survey, to parameterise the model. Using a multi-spatial-scale validation technique, we compare TI-City’s ability to simulate historically observed built-up patterns with SLEUTH, a highly popular urban growth model. Results show that TI-City outperforms SLEUTH at each scale, suggesting the model could offer a valuable decision support tool in similar city contexts.

Using community surveys with participatory mapping to monitor comprehensive plan implementation

Comprehensive or general plans are long-range documents intended to guide future urban or regional land use, growth, and development. Structured and periodic monitoring and evaluation of plan implementation is important to identifying when plans should be revised or updated based on changed planning assumptions or conditions, but such monitoring is uncommon. In this study we present and illustrate a research-based method to evaluate general plan implementation for a case-study community located in central California. A community survey was combined with participatory mapping to assess continued public approval of key elements of the general plan: 1) residential growth, 2) community development needs, 3) preferred locations for development (spatial), 4) consistency of resident land use preferences with general plan categories (spatial), and 5) areas with the greatest potential for land use conflict (spatial). Over the five-year period following plan adoption, there was relatively little change in general resident preferences for residential growth or the perceived need for new types of urban development, with the exception of affordable housing; however, city approval of three large, mixed-use development projects, while nominally conforming to the plan, generated community conflict based on development scale and location. As a novel plan monitoring and evaluation method, a community survey combined with participatory mapping provides a means to assess consistency with plan assumptions, desired conditions, and goals and can proactively identify the potential for place-based conflicts among various interests to identify optimized community land use outcomes.

Evaluating Spatiotemporal Distribution of Residential Sprawl and Influencing Factors Based on Multi-Dimensional Measurement and GeoDetector Modelling

Residential sprawl constitutes a main part of urban sprawl which poses a threat to the inhabitant environment and public health. The purpose of this article is to measure the residential sprawl at a micro-scale using a case study of Hangzhou city. An integrated sprawl index on each 1 km × 1 km residential land cell was calculated based on multi-dimensional indices of morphology, population density, land-use composition, and accessibility, followed by a dynamic assessment of residential sprawl. Furthermore, the method of GeoDetector modeling was applied to investigate the potential effects of location, urbanization, land market, and planning policy on the spatial variation of residential sprawl. The results revealed a positive correlation between CO2 emissions and residential sprawl in Hangzhou. There has been a remarkable increase of sprawl index on residential land cells across the inner suburb and outer suburb, and more than three-fifths of the residential growth during 2000–2010 were evaluated as dynamic sprawl. The rapid development of the land market and urbanization were noted to impact the spatiotemporal distribution of residential sprawl, as q-statistic values of population growth and land price ranked highest. Most notably, the increasing q-statistic values of urban planning and its significant interactions with other factors highlighted the effects of incremental planning policies. The study derived the policy implication that it is necessary to transform the traditional theory and methods of incremental planning.

ArcGIS Urban: an application for plan assessment

Most cities in the United States rely on zoning to address important planning-related issues within their jurisdictions. Planners often use GIS tools to analyze these issues in a spatial context. ESRI’s ArcGIS Urban software seeks to provide the planning profession with a GIS-based solution for various challenges, including zoning’s impacts on the built environment and housing capacity.This research explores the use of ArcGIS Urban for assessing the existing zoning and comprehensive plans in meeting the projected residential growth in the near future using the City of Arlington, Texas as a case study. The exploration provides examples and lessons for how ArcGIS Urban might be used by planners to accomplish their tasks and highlights the capabilities and limitations of ArcGIS Urban in its current stand. The paper is concluded with some suggestions for future studies.

POLITICHE INSEDIATIVE E SOSTENIBILITÀ URBANA

HOUSING POLICIES AND URBAN SUSTAINABILITYAbstractA prohibitionist approach by public administrations in regional planning is sometimes the consequence of the bureaucratical interpretation of the scientists warn about climate change and ecological-environmental issues. Limiting the transformability of the building stock and compressing residential growth are the prevailing pseudo-strategy pursued to reduce land take and resources consumption, also sacrificing equally relevant social, ecological and economic needs. The experimentations conducted within the Urban Density & Sustainability Research Project support the hypothesis that housing distribution policies based on the territorial carrying capacity achieve greater effectiveness compared to those based on simplysatisfying the internal needs of each municipality. However, the territorial inequality resulting from this strategy raises perplexity.Keywords: urban density, sustainability, territorial carrying capacity

Housing supply and local political influence

ABSTRACT There is renewed interest in housing policy, but the role of local political factors has been understudied. Local elected officials—particularly city council members elected to represent specific geographic areas—are expected to exercise considerable discretion over development in their districts. This paper examines the influence of council district locations, neighborhood characteristics, and zoning in explaining housing growth in Los Angeles. We analyze all new housing and new multifamily housing in Los Angeles’s 15 council districts between 2000 and 2016. We specify negative binomial regression models that estimate the number of new housing units as a function of neighborhood and locational factors. We find limited evidence to define city council districts as consistently “anti-growth” or “pro-growth.” Rather, within-district factors—particularly single-family zoning and vacant land availability—are the most influential factors across our models. These results illustrate the importance of understanding the nuances of local characteristics that affect residential growth.

Vivir en la incertidumbre: burbuja de alquiler y olas de gentrificación entre crisis en Madrid

Access to housing is one of the most relevant issues in people's life trajectories. In Spain, such access has changed significantly since the Great Recession due to the increase in the importance of private rentals and rents rise. This article describes and analyzes the dynamics of the increase in rents and its socio-spatial effects, in detail and territorial organization for the city of Madrid (2015-2018). To this end, it uses innovative statistical sources and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze the territorial unfolding and the socio-spatial consequences of this new residential model. The results show the exclusionary character of the urban center, which displaces the most precarious fractions of the most qualified groups, increasing the residential pressure on the popular peripheries of the city. This dynamic reveals the incidence of a new wave of gentrification supported by the rent bubble, a source of uncertain residential growth in the urban peripheries.

An Analysis of Marine Tourism Object Development as A Contribution Towards Community Welfare in Lamongan District

The development of marine tourism area is one of the forms of tourist management areas which strive and aim to provide benefits, especially for the protection, preservation and utilization of tourism potential and environmental services of natural resources, specifically in coastal areas. In the development of marine tourism areas, it is necessary to determine the exact location of each region so that there is no imbalance between the residential growth with marine tourism areas which being managed and utilized for recreational activities. The welfare of the community can be seen from various components that can describe whether the community is already in a prosperous life or not. Visible components include the state of housing in which they live, the level of education, and health. The role of the tourism sector, especially marine tourism in Lamongan City, can be seen from its contribution to gross regional domestic product (PDRB) in terms of labor absorption and business opportunities. The increasing contribution of the trade sector, hotels, and restaurants donated to gross regional domestic product (PDRB), are an overview of the role of the tourism sector. The purpose of this study can be described as follows: 1). To find out how extent the influence of marine tourism development on community welfare in Lamongan District. 2). To find out how extent the influence of marine tourism development on GDRP growth in Lamongan District. For the method of the study, primary data collection was conducted by interview and observation, while secondary data was obtained from Lamongan Tourism Office as well as literature study, who’s the data is in the form of general conditions and the number of visitors in the area.

Dynamics of land use and land cover changes in Huluka watershed of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

BackgroundLand use and land cover changes in urbanized watersheds of developing countries like Ethiopia are underpinned by the complex interaction of different actors, driving forces, and the land itself. Land conversion due to residential development, economic growth, and transportation is identified as the most serious environmental pressure on urbanized landscapes of the world. It results in the degradation of natural vegetation and significant increases in impervious surfaces. The purpose of the study was to analyze spatio-teporal changes in land use and land cover in the Huluka watershed with implications to sustainable development in the watershed.ResultsForest land, cultivated land, urban built-up, bush/shrub land, bare land, grassland, and water body were identified as the seven types of land use and land cover in the Huluka watershed. Forest land decreased by 59.3% at an average rate of 164.52 ha/year between 1979 and 2017. Bush/ shrub land decreased by 68.2% at an average rate of 318.71 ha/year between 1979 and 2017. Grassland decreased by 32.7% at an average rate of 228.65 ha/year between 1979 and 2017. Water body decreased by 5.1% at an average rate of 1.06 ha/year between 1979 and 2017. Urban built-up area increased by 351% at an average rate of 16.20 ha/year between 1979 and 2017. Cultivated land increased by 105.3% at an average rate of 692.76 ha/year between 1979 and 2017. Bare land increased by 41.9% at an average rate of 4.00 ha/year between 1979 and 2017. Infrastructural and agricultural expansion, increased demand for wood, local environmental and biophysical drivers, rapid human population growth, economic drivers, technological drivers, policy and institutional drivers, and local socio-cultural drivers were perceived by residents as drivers of land use and land cover changes. Increased flooding risk, increased soil erosion, increased sedimentation into water resources like lakes and rivers, decrease in soil fertility, loss of biodiversity, loss of springs, decrease in annual rainfall, and increase in heat during the dry season were perceived by residents as negative local effects of land use and land cover changes.ConclusionsChanges in land use and land cover in the study water shade imply the need for integrating sustainable watershed planning and management into natural resources management strategies. In other words, practices of appropriate land use planning and management, family planning, participatory planning and management, appropriate environmental impact assessment (EIA), and proper planning and management of development projects and programmes are of paramount importance to promote sustainable development in the Huluka watershed and beyond.