Research Paper Research Articles

Effects of Fluoride Toxicity on Female Reproductive System of Mammals: A Meta-Analysis.

Considerable integrative efforts have been made to investigate the effects of fluoride on female reproductive organs since the last years. The ingestion of fluoride causes adverse effects on human health like causing skeletal fluorosis, dental fluorosis, bone fractures, kidney problems, decrease birth rates, weakening of thyroid functionality, and impair intelligence, particularly in children. In this review, we discuss the adverse effects of fluoride on female reproductive organs and presented certain remedies. A total of 53 papers on the effect of fluoride on female reproductive organs, including 6 population surveys were examined. Google Scholar, Google, Research Gate, PubMed, and the International Journal of Fluoride have all been searched for fluoride research papers. Various doses and pathological effects have been described in this review article.

Topology optimization of the flat steel shear wall based on the volume constraint and strain energy assumptions under the seismic loading conditions

In structural engineering systems, shear walls are two-dimensional vertical elements designed to endure lateral forces acting in-plane, most frequently seismic and wind loads. Shear walls come in a variety of materials and are typically found in high-rise structures. Because steel shear walls are lighter, more ductile, and stronger than other concrete shear walls, they are advised for usage in steel constructions. It is important to remember that the steel shear wall has an infill plate, which can be produced in a variety of forms. The critical zones in flat steel shear walls are the joints and corners where the infill plate and frame meet. The flat infill plate can be modified to improve the strength and weight performance of the steel shear walls. One of these procedures is Topology Optimization (TO) and this method can reduce the weight and also, increase the strength against the cyclic loading sequences. In the current research paper, the TO of the infill steel plate was considered based on the two methods of volume constraint and maximization of strain energy. Four different volumes (i.e., 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%) were assumed for the mentioned element in the steel shear wall. The obtained results revealed that the topology configuration of CCSSW with 90% volume constraint presented the highest seismic loading performance. The cumulated energy for this type of SSW was around 700 kJ while it was around 600 kJ for other topology optimization configurations.

Strategic Employee Performance Analysis in the USA: Deploying Machine Learning Algorithms Intelligently

Strategic employee performance assessment assists organizations in steering productivity, affirming employee satisfaction, and accomplishing strategic organizational goals. Machine learning algorithms provide several benefits over mainstream techniques in assessing employee performance. This research paper aimed to explore the deployment of machine learning algorithms in assessing employee performance. The prime objective of employee performance analysis is to assess an employee's achievement during a specific time frame. The dataset for this research revolved around the leadership team of a global retailer's specific store level in the USA, extending over 18 months. The dataset for this study was subjected to Python programming software for intensive and comprehensive data analysis as well as for visualization purposes. From the experiment design, it was evident that XG-Boost seems to be the best-performing model overall. In particular, it had the greatest AUC for both holdout and training data (0.86 and 0.88, respectively), and it has a relatively low runtime (16 minutes) and maximum memory utilization (12%). By contrast, Random Forest displayed an average AUC for training data (0.79) but a lesser AUC for holdout data (0.51), which indicates that it may be overfitting the training data; besides, it had a longer runtime than XG-Boost.

“THE IMPACT OF AI-POWERED PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE ON INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

This research paper explores the impact of AI-powered predictive maintenance on industrial equipment. Predictive maintenance is crucial for minimizing downtime and optimizing asset performance. AI has made maintenance more proactive, efficient, and cost-effective. The paper reviews maintenance practices, the evolution of predictive techniques, and AI integration. Through literature review and case studies, it examines efficacy, challenges, and implications of AI-powered maintenance. Findings highlight benefits such as enhanced efficiency, cost reduction, and extended equipment lifespan. Challenges include data quality, model accuracy, and organizational readiness. The paper concludes with recommendations for practitioners and policymakers, emphasizing AI's potential to revolutionize maintenance and foster a sustainable future. Keywords: Predictive maintenance, AI-powered maintenance, Industrial equipment, Maintenance efficiency, Asset performance optimization, Data quality

DESIGN OF COCONUT DEHUSKING MACHINE

The global coconut industry flourishes, generating food, beverages, and industrial products. However, traditional manual dehusking methods pose significant challenges, including being labor-intensive, time-consuming, and exposing workers to potential injuries. This research paper delves into the design and development of a pneumatic coconut dehusking machine incorporating a timer and sequencing module controlled by a microcontroller. The paper comprehensively explores the various components, their functionalities, the control system architecture, and potential areas for future advancements. It delves deeper into design considerations for optimizing machine performance, safety, and user experience. Keywords: Pneumatic controlled coconut dehusking, Microcontroller, Timer & Sequencing module, Automation

Working of E-Ticketing for Public Buses

The transition from manual, cash-based ticketing procedures to a cutting-edge digital system represents a pivotal advancement in modernizing India's public bus transportation. This research paper delves into the working model of e-ticketing for public buses, aimed at addressing long-standing challenges of wait times, operational hurdles, and inefficiencies inherent in traditional systems. By leveraging state-of-the-art digital technology, this initiative aims to revolutionize the public transportation experience, enhancing security, convenience, and operational efficiency for both administrators and passengers. Thus, to provide an agile and smooth ticketing experience, we have proposed the smart application. [4] Key objectives of this research include the elimination of manual cash transactions, reduction of wait times, and mitigation of operational inefficiencies. Through the implementation of a digital ticketing system, the paper explores how transaction processes are streamlined, providing passengers with a seamless interface for ticket purchases. Not only does this innovation enhance transaction security, but it also fosters a more agile and responsive public bus transportation system. The research assesses the tangible benefits of the digital ticketing solution, highlighting its role in increasing passenger flexibility and reducing congestion through shorter wait times and improved traffic flow. Real-time data analytics are examined as a critical tool for administrators, enabling enhanced resource allocation and informed decision-making processes. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the working model of e-ticketing for public buses, offering insights into its functionality, implementation challenges, and the transformative impact it has on India's public transport sector. By promoting a more sophisticated and user-friendly framework, the research underscores the potential of digital ticketing solutions to redefine the landscape of public transportation, paving the way for a more efficient and accessible urban mobility system in India. Key Word: E-ticketing, Public buses, Digital technology, Operational efficiency, Urban mobility

Assessment of Soil Erosion within the Gayathripuzha River Basin Using RUSLE Model and GIS Tools

Soil erosion, a natural phenomenon accelerated by human activities, became a major problem for agricultural land use and for water quality concerns. Soil erosion by water is influenced by various factors like climate, nature of land surface, slope steepness, soil properties, land cover, and management practices.  Estimation of soil erosion is essential to know the nature and quantity of soil loss and create specific strategies for soil conservation. This research paper thoroughly examines the susceptibility of soil erosion in the Gayathripuzha river basin in Kerala, India, which is encompassing a wide area of around 961 km².  Employing the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), this investigation assesses the influential factors affecting soil erosion, which comprise rainfall (R Factor), soil erodibility (K Factor), topography (LS Factor), land usage (C Factor), and the impact of conservation measures (P Factor).  The study was conducted using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools like ArcGIS 10.8 Desktop and integrating data on rainfall, soil properties, land topographic features, and land use.  Rainfall erosivity is a major factor causing erosion in Gayathripuzha river basin and it ranges from 746.03 to 1222.35 MJ mm ha−1 h−1 y−1 in the river basin. Soil erodibility factor also varies widely within the region.  Slope length and steepness factor showed that highland ecosystems are present only in a small area of the river basin.  Variation in land use and land cover also influenced the soil erosion within the area. The estimated average annual soil erosion ranges from 0 to 133.18 t ha-1 yr-1 within the research site. The research found that soil erosion varied greatly across the study area. Regions with slopes over 50% had much higher erosion rates, while most of the study area had low erosion levels. Notably, the intensity of soil erosion demonstrated a positive correlation with slope percentage, with areas classified as bare ground demonstrating the highest erosion rates. These findings emphasize the necessity for targeted and comprehensive conservation strategies tailored to the diverse landscape of the region to effectively manage soil erosion and mitigate its adverse impacts.

A New Approach for Organizing Online Examination

The “Examination Form” research paper explores the transformative potential of digital technology in reshaping the landscape of educational assessments. This paper delves into the development and implementation of an online examination system that aims to streamline the process of conducting exams, thereby enhancing efficiency and integrity in educational institutions. The online examination system provides a platform for educators to create, manage, and grade exams with ease, accommodating various question types such as multiple-choice, short-answer, and essay questions. It offers students the flexibility to take exams from any location, ensuring a user-friendly and secure examination experience. The system incorporates robust security measures to maintain the integrity of the examination process and prevent unauthorized access. The paper further discusses how real-time analytics provided by the system can aid administrators in tracking performance trends and identifying areas for improvement. These insights can contribute to refining teaching methodologies in education. The “Examination Form” research paper underscores the pivotal role of digital innovation in bridging the gap between traditional examination methods and the evolving needs of the modern educational ecosystem. It highlights how such a system can alleviate administrative burdens, promote academic integrity, and provide valuable pedagogical insights. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on digital transformation in education, particularly in the realm of assessment systems.

IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE INDIAN STOCK MARKET

The research paper investigates the impact of selected macroeconomic factors on the Indian stock market performance. Using a comprehensive dataset spanning key macroeconomic indicators and stock market performance metrics, the statistical analysis techniques to examine the relationship between macroeconomic variables and stock market movements is employed. The study focuses on understanding how changes in Foreign Portfolio Net Investments, Index of Industrial Production, Consumer Price Index and Exchange Rate can influence investor sentiment and trading behaviour in the Indian stock market. The findings of this research contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics between macroeconomic factors and stock market performance in India, providing valuable insights for investors, policymakers, and financial institutions. Keywords: Foreign Portfolio Net Investments (FPI), Index of Industrial Production (IIP), Consumer Price Index (CPI), Exchange Rate(ER), NIFTY, Indian Stock Market, Inflation.

Hassle and Tussle: The Challenges of Teachers in Carmen National High School

This research paper provided a concise overview of the study that aimed to understand and address the challenges of teachers at Carmen National High School. The research aimed to explore the challenges of teachers, particularly how the prevailing obstacles significantly impacted their instructional capabilities. It entailed assessing in-person teaching experiences, coping strategies for challenges, improvement efforts, and insights gained from these encounters. Anchored in David Kolb's Experiential Theory, the study employed phenomenology to subjectively explore conscious experiences. It identified emerging themes among the challenges, coping mechanisms, and educational insights, shedding light on the complex landscape of teaching. Through participant responses, challenges such as understanding the different learning styles of students, staying up to date with learning technology, and the lack of effective communication with students were revealed. Coping mechanisms included creating engaging lesson plans for students as well as behavior and classroom management. Educational insights encompasshaving the right attitude in teaching,professional development, and acknowledging students’ characteristics. The conclusion discussed implications for stakeholders and proposed future directions for customized professional development, enhanced communication, and student-centered approaches, emphasizing the significance of fostering an inclusive, technology-enhanced learning environment and contributing to ongoing educational research.

Language Barriers in Intercultural Communication and Their Translation Strategies

This research paper delves into the significant language barriers that arise in cross-cultural communication, with a particular focus on the indispensable role of translation strategies in mitigating these challenges. It scrutinizes elements such as grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and the cultural contexts that shape interactions within various global sectors, including diplomacy, business, healthcare, and law. The paper analyzes linguistic discrepancies, cultural subtleties, and obstacles in non-verbal communication that influence understanding across cultures. It also discusses the incorporation of advanced translation techniques and the use of technology in translation practices. The goal is to enhance the academic understanding of intercultural communication barriers and provide practical solutions to improve effective global interactions.

CyberFusion Protocols: Strategic Integration of Enterprise Risk Management, ISO 27001, and Mobile Forensics for Advanced Digital Security in the Modern Business Ecosystem

This research paper explores the integration of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), the ISO 27001 standard, and mobile forensics methodologies as a comprehensive framework for enhancing digital security measures within modern business ecosystems. Employing a quantitative research design, this paper utilized a survey methodology, gathering data from 372 professionals across various sectors including risk management, IT/security, and forensic analysis. The analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the research hypotheses and assess the impact of the integrated approach on organizational digital security capabilities. The findings reveal a significant positive effect of integrating ERM, ISO 27001, and mobile forensics on an organization’s ability to manage digital risks effectively. Specifically, the integrated approach was found to enhance strategic digital security management, improve the identification, assessment, and mitigation of digital risks, strengthen information security management practices, and elevate the effectiveness and efficiency of digital crime investigation processes. These outcomes underscore the value of a cohesive strategy that leverages the strengths of ERM, ISO 27001, and mobile forensics in addressing the complex and interconnected digital threat landscape. Based on the results, the study recommends adopting a holistic security framework, investing in continuous professional development, leveraging technological advancements for proactive security management, and fostering a culture of security and collaboration. Such measures are crucial for organizations aiming to enhance their resilience against cyber threats and protect their digital assets in the face of sophisticated cyber-attacks. This research contributes to the field of cybersecurity by providing empirical evidence on the benefits of an integrated approach to digital security, offering practical guidelines for organizations seeking to improve their digital security measures, and highlighting the need for continuous adaptation and collaboration in the fight against cyber threats.

Digitalisation On Automotive Supply Chain for Climate Competitiveness: A Systematic Bibliometric Analysis

The automotive industry, a cornerstone of global manufacturing, is undergoing a profound transformation driven by digitalization. This research paper explores the impact of digitalization on the automotive supply chain and its role in enhancing climate competitiveness. As the industry strives to meet stringent environmental standards and consumer demands for sustainability, leveraging digital technologies becomes imperative. We use R Studio software to perform bibliometric analysis in this study. Our initial repository for data came from the Scopus database. Following a keyword search and before applying the limited criteria, we were able to find 3202 papers. We then started integrating the limited criteria, which included the following: stream: Business Management & Accounting, source type: Journal, no author, duplicate titles, and language: English. After applying these criteria, we were able to find 935 papers. We selected citations, bibliographical data, abstracts and keywords, funding information, and other data before exporting our database from Scopus.

Analyzing epidemics and designing policies with a modified SIR model

This research paper aims to study the impact of COVID-19 on the economy, where we have extended the standard epidemiological model, the Susceptible–Infected–Recovered (SIR) model. In the economy’s dynamics, we have incorporated aggregate demand and aggregate supply and further set up a system of three-dimensional nonlinear differential equations, which is more likely the Labor–Infected–Quarantine (LIQ) model, an extension of the SIR model. Here, we have derived the steady-state condition and analyzed the model’s stability. In addition, we have done a comparative static analysis of parameters with some policy implications. We aim to achieve the twin objective, i.e., controlling the pandemic and reviving the economy under the set of the policy mix.

Integration of AI in Web Development for Online Pharmacy Store: An Effective Approach

This research paper investigates the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into web development for online pharmacy stores using the Flask framework with Python programming language. Authors Yogesh Raikwar and Gaurav Rajak explore the potential benefits and challenges associated with incorporating AI technologies in the context of pharmacy e-commerce platforms. The study aims to develop a prototype system capable of providing intelligent recommendations, medication reminders, and virtual consultations to enhance user experience and streamline operations in online pharmacy services. Key Words: AI, E-COMMERCE, HIPAA, GDPR

ANGEL Safety: Development of an Emergency Support Website with Guardian Notification System

In an increasingly interconnected world, ensuring personal safety remains a paramount concern. This research paper explores the design and implementation of a website dedicated to safety purposes, integrating online chatting and SOS message generation functionalities. The website offers two distinct login options: one for the individual seeking safety measures (self), and another for their designated guardian. When an SOS message is triggered, it is promptly sent as a notification to the guardian’s mobile device, providing immediate assistance. Additionally, the guardian has the capability to track the live location of the individual through an interactive map feature. In instances where the individual’s location services are disabled, the last known active location is relayed to the guardian along with a notification. Through a comprehensive examination of the website’s architecture, features, and implementation, this research aims to provide insights into leveraging digital platforms for enhancing personal safety and emergency response mechanisms

FOREST FIRES RISK IN A SEMI ARID REGION: A CASE STUDY IN WESTERN ALGERIA

Purpose: The objective of this study was to measure the fire risk of forests and to compare areas with high sensitivity to forest fires.   Theoretical Framework: Many authors have demonstrated the fragility of Algerian forests in the face of fires (Belhadj, 2003; Souidi et al., 2010 and 2017). In this research paper, the researchers focused on identifying the factors responsible for the risk of forest fires in Algeria using a state-of-the-art tool, the Geographic Information System (GIS). The researchers explained a scientific process for exploring new indicators using GIS, and showed how to develop a forest fire risk map.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The elaboration of the fire risk map requires the application of a model set up, and tested on forest areas in the Mediterranean region. The applied model involves the three main factors of forest fire risk assessment: topomorphology, fuel, and human occupation.   Findings: According to the results obtained, our study area is dominated by a very high risk index. In addition, more than half of the surface area of our study zone is located in topomorphological conditions that are highly conducive to the multiplication of fires and can increase the risk of forest fires breaking out. This study will help us to better control the risk of fires and to manage fire-fighting operations in the field.   Research, Practical & Social Implications: Mapping the risk of forest fires using GIS will help land managers and planners to identify sensitive areas for better preservation and intervention in the event of fire.   Originality/Value: The results show that the number of forest fires is increasing over time and that managing them is becoming increasingly difficult. The use of a GIS for all stakeholder and managers will make it possible to combat forest fires.

Do wolves control their own numbers? Understanding and updating the long debate

The population dynamics of animals involve a complex interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic regulation, characterized as population self‐regulation, encompasses mechanisms that moderate growth rates before reaching maximum food‐dependent densities. Conversely, extrinsically regulated populations are constrained by environmental variables such as food availability, predation, and disease. What regulates wolf populations has been debated for decades, with most publications concluding that wolves are extrinsically regulated, despite evidence of intrinsic mechanisms. This paper summarizes one perspective from a debate at the 'Wolves Across Borders' conference in Stockholm, Sweden in May 2023. Since this paper is a summary of a public debate, the paper is neither a review nor research paper, rather a research history and a recommendation on how the long‐term disagreement might be resolved. Wolf population regulation is likely an interplay between both intrinsic and extrinsic factors which is best studied longitudinally by monitoring one population through time.

λ-Statistically convergent and λ-statistically bounded sequences defined by modulus functions

In this research paper, we introduce some concepts of λf-density in connection with modulus functions under certain conditions. Furthermore, we establish some relations between the sets of λf-statistically convergent and λf-statistically bounded sequences.

Ashvamedha Yagya in the Vedas

The Ashvamedha Yagya has been hailed as the monarch of rituals in the Indian tradition. Since Vedic times, the Ashvamedha holds a distinguished position among sacrificial rites. The horse symbolizes power. In the Shatapatha Brahmana, potent entities such as the nation, Indra, and the Sun are metaphorically portrayed as horses. The term 'Medha' is synonymous with 'Yagya'. The Nighantu texts provide 15 synonyms for Yagya, one of which is 'Medha'. In the comprehensive meaning of Ashvamedha, in Vedic rhetoric, 'Medha' signifies the awakening of intellect or wisdom. Delving into the philosophical significance of Ashvamedha in scriptural contexts is imperative to grasp this invaluable heritage. This research paper endeavors to understand Ashvamedha in the backdrop of Vedic literature, particularly by deciphering the meanings of the mantras presented in the Vedas. In Rigveda 5/27/4, Ashvamedha signifies the ultimate truth or reality; in Rigveda 5/27/5, it symbolizes the flow of creative power and the bliss represented by the essence of Soma; and in Rigveda 8/68/15 and 8/68/16, Ashvamedha is said to lead to the attainment of strength and the flow of life force. Ashvamedha leads to the enhancement of our intellect, meaning the awakening of wisdom, through which a human is established in the Supreme. The Vedas tell us that the purification of human consciousness through Ashvamedha - the awakening of wisdom - is the reward of Ashvamedha, and that the worship (Medha) of the divine power flow (Ashva) is the expansive, cosmic purpose of Ashvamedha.