Information Technology Research Research Articles

Philosophical paradigms in information technology research

Having been in existence for nearly 30 years, information technology has revolutionized how human beings carry out their day-to-day life. Its use and adoption have brought about many philosophical issues that need to be reviewed. There are ethical issues concerned with the use of information technology ranging from fake news, autonomous systems, biasedness in AI systems and data privacy among others. As research is being carried out to answer some of these concerns, it will be important to look at the core building blocks of a paradigm and some of the research paradigms that can be used in this field. This paper introduces the field of information technology, where its definition and notable contributions are highlighted. Then it goes on to do a review of existing research paradigms with an emphasis on key components of a research paradigm and the types of research paradigms. Lastly, the paper reviews philosophical issues that exist within information technology with an emphasis on ethical issues. With an understanding of this, it will be easier for researchers in this field to choose a paradigm within the area of information technology that best suits their research.

The Application of Big Data and Privacy Impacts Research in Information Technology

The Application of Big Data and Privacy Impacts Research in Information Technology

Approach to the theoretical foundation of the elements that intervene in communication interactivity in online classes

The purpose of this work is to build the theoretical foundation that guides the construction of the elements that intervene in the communication development of virtual classes. For the development of this research, a bibliographic review has been carried out, which has served as a basis for the theoretical framework of the research. A type of qualitative information was followed for the argumentative design of the internal and external elements that intervene in online educational communicational interactivity. This article constitutes a preview of the conceptual contributions to the Communication and Information Technologies research line of the Tecnológico Universitario Espíritu Santo and responds to a result of the research project: Post-Pandemic Virtual Communicational Learning Environments at the Tecnológico Universitario Espíritu Santo and Unidad Educativa Letras y Vida

The Blockchain: Opportunities for Research in Information Technology

Blockchain technology has come to be seen as a radically different kind of information technology due to its role as a disruptive agent that challenges incumbent actors and their assumptions. With this research paper, I cover the basics and benefits of blockchain technology as well as its possible industries residing, organization and even changing. The blockchain is a decentralized database technology, which had brought the rise and the existence of cryptocurrencies. Similar to Bitcoin, the magnitude of its operation is wielded not only for digital currency. This article will be carrying on the matter of blockchain systems type diversity with public, private, and consortium chains detailed, and the role of the network nodes in achieving consensus being specified. Keywords: - Cryptocurrencies (e.g., Bitcoin, Ethereum), Smart contracts, Digital Signatures, Supply chain applications, Blockchain applications, Blockchain in finance and healthcare

Advancements in Mobile-Based Air Pollution Detection: From Literature Review to Practical Implementation

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of combining mobile technologies and sensors to detect harmful particles in the air and address the problem of air pollution caused by traffic and exhaust emissions. The paper contains a systematic literature review of information technology research related to pollution detection in order to point out the main obstacles in the field and propose solutions. Furthermore, the paper presents the development of an Android smartphone-based real-time monitoring system that utilizes an external analog sensor board to acquire and evaluate physical measurements. The proposed system is calibrated for CO gas measurements, and it is compared with a commercial gas analyzer instrument. Results imply that the developed system is capable of detecting concentration levels in the air and that the accuracy is within the range of the industrial device’s accuracy.

Intellectual Property Rights and Plagiarism in Information Technology Research

In present times, intellectual property rights are the central focus of international economies and global market competitions among enterprises due to their important role in fostering cultural prosperity, economic development, and progress in the field of information technology. The advancement in information technology has made the field even more complicated as firms struggle to protect their copyrights in the face of online data explosion, dynamic e-commerce environment, and rising disruptive technologies such as Machine learning and Artificial Intelligence. On the other hand, plagiarism is on the rise in recent times. Students knowingly or unknowingly practice plagiarism daily to meet their stringent academic demands. Information Technology Tools encouraging plagiarism have further aggravated the problem. Intellectual property rights and plagiarism awareness are relatively weak even among scholars. Do intellectual property rights protection and existing plagiarism trends have any effect on the field of information technology research? This paper discusses intellectual property rights and plagiarism with the mindset of information technology research. The paper seeks to shed light on aspects of intellectual property rights and how they affect academic research, in the field of information technology. If after reading this paper a researcher, can take intellectual property rights and plagiarism seriously, then, this research would have achieved its desired outcome.

Two-dimensional few-atom noble gas clusters in a graphene sandwich.

The van der Waals atomic solids of noble gases on metals at cryogenic temperatures were the first experimental examples of two-dimensional systems. Recently, such structures have also been created on surfaces under encapsulation by graphene, allowing studies at elevated temperatures through scanning tunnelling microscopy. However, for this technique, the encapsulation layer often obscures the arrangement of the noble gas atoms. Here we create Kr and Xe clusters in between two suspended graphene layers, and uncover their atomic structure through transmission electron microscopy. We show that small crystals (N < 9) arrange on the basis of the simple non-directional van der Waals interaction. Larger crystals show some deviations, possibly enabled by deformations in the encapsulating graphene lattice. We further discuss the dynamics of the clusters within the graphene sandwich, and show that although all the Xe clusters with up to N ≈ 100 remain solid, Kr clusters with already N ≈ 16 turn occasionally fluid under our experimental conditions (under a pressure of ~0.3 GPa). This study opens a way for the so-far unexplored frontier of encapsulated two-dimensional van der Waals solids with exciting possibilities for fundamental condensed-matter physics research and possible applications in quantum information technology.

Digital Marketing as a Tourism Village Marketing Strategy in East Java’s Horseshoe Region

If supported by digital marketing, tourism villages can be a major economic driver in rural communities. Because through digital marketing, the tourism industry is able to expand its market and attract more tourists. This study intends to map the need for information technology for digital marketing as a strategy to enhance the marketing of tourism villages. This study employs a qualitative case study methodology. Tourism villages of Kemiren in Banyuwangi Regency, Lombok Kulon in Bondowoso Regency, and Kampung Blekok in Situbondo Regency served as research sites. Observation, interviews, and documentation techniques were utilized to collect research data. The data analysis employed qualitative descriptive analysis. According to the findings of the survey, the marketing of tourist villages in the Horseshoe region has been conducted using information technology. However, the use of digital marketing through websites and social media is still limited. Therefore, digital marketing must be supported in accordance with the requirements of the tourist village and the segmentation of the target market. This research's information technology requirements mapping methodology for digital marketing can be utilized to support the marketing of tourist villages in East Java’s Horseshoe region.

Antecedents and outcomes of green information technology Adoption: Insights from an oil industry

Growing environmental concerns have led to increased demand for ‘green’ or environmentally friendly business. This has resulted in growing interest in the research of Green Information Technology (GIT). However, to date, such research has had a disproportionate emphasis on organisational antecedents while often overlooking outcomes. The current study aims at giving a better insight into the state of GIT adoption among oil companies in Sudan. If these companies were to adopt a green business model, it would significantly impact the environment given that they typically contribute significantly to environmental degradation. To this end, this study a) determines the level of awareness of GIT adoption among employees of oil companies in Sudan, b) identifies the key factors affecting the GIT adoption, c) examines the effect of training, top management support, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, relative advantages, and GIT behaviour on GIT adoption, and (d) examines the effect of GIT adoption on outcomes, namely business performance, competitive advantage, and process innovation. From a sample of 292 respondents, the result revealed that top management and GIT behaviour were two of the four antecedents not supported by data, thereby rendering them insignificant. Surprisingly, the survey data supports all three hypotheses that recognise a positive relationship between GIT adoption and the outcomes. This study provides important empirical evidence from oil companies that lack a green adoption policy that encourages them to consider joining the green bandwagon. The study concludes that most respondents are aware of GIT.

Trends and Directions in Computer and Information Technology Research: An Evaluative Overview

Trends and Directions in Computer and Information Technology Research: An Evaluative Overview

Review on 6G-oriented terahertz communication channel

With the large-scale commercialization of 5G mobile communication systems in the world, 6G technology is becoming a new hotspot of global information technology research. The terahertz band (300GHz to 3THz) has extremely rich frequency resources, which can support ultra-high speed wireless communication from 100Gbps to 1Tbps, improve the existing 5G peak transmission rate by one or two orders of magnitude, and meet the requirements of new applications such as ultra-high resolution holographic communication and meta-universe. An in-depth understanding of the propagation channel is crucial to the design of the communication system. This paper summarizes the research status of the terahertz channel, including its characteristics in the atmosphere, the current channel propagation model, and terahertz channel measurement. At the same time, the future research direction of terahertz communication is analyzed and prospected, and the possible challenges in the future research are discussed, which will help promote the application of terahertz communication technology to 6G communication. Due to technical limitations, terahertz channels have not been fully developed and utilized in the field of communication, and there are many technical bottlenecks that cannot be broken. In the future, new channel models may be built, and there will be opportunities for AI-assisted channel measurement.

Theorizing ‘The Gap’ Twenty Years Later: Global Development, Design, and Speculative Ethics in Edtech Research

AbstractDrawing from Feminist Science and Technology Studies, this paper explores how we might revisit and recuperate past academic research projects, theories, and relationships to design futures that matter for social good. As context, I begin by outlining a decade of research in Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICTD), which linked the United Nations Millennium Development Goals to innovations in telecommunications and computing. I then introduce the ‘theory of design-reality gaps’ that was proposed by Heeks to study ’wicked problems’ in this domain (2002). I revisit two strands of research that I carried out in relation to the ‘design-reality gap’. The first involved an ethnographic study of a participatory mobile phone based learning intervention for Kenyan health workers. I argued that instead of a singular ‘gap’ explained by geographic, sociocultural, or economic ‘divides’, there was a messy entanglement, constituted by sociomaterial practices that enacted a multiplicity (Mol in The body multiple: Ontology in medical practice, Duke University Press, 2002) of desired futures. In the second strand, I attempted to care for the practices that were abandoned by the learning intervention when one kind of justice was prioritized over others. This explored how the research could be more ‘speculative’ and how this ‘speculative commitment’ could generate new ethical questions and logics for living with technology (Puig de la Bellacasa in Social Studies of Science, 41(1), 85–106, 2011 and Matters of care: Speculative ethics in more than human worlds, University of Minnesota Press, 2017). I argue that approaching the design-reality ‘gap’ as a multiplicity instead of a void can support Tuck’s call for educational interventions that turn away from damage oriented theories of change to ones based on desire – approaching difference not as a lack, but as an ever-growing assemblage (2009). Tinkering with the original Heeks model, I conclude that in the postdigital era, the design-reality gap is now better-understood as a fluid space of multiplicities, and what is arguably most pressing is to study the differences in competing objectives and values, rather than disparities in information and technology.

Managing Information Gaps and Non‐Information

ABSTRACTWhile the focus of information science and technology research is in information, sometimes the lack of information, information gaps and non‐information can make an equally great or even greater difference. The purpose of this panel is to nuance the understanding of the absence of information and addressing the gap in theorising, investigating and working with information gaps and ‘non‐information’ across the information field. Panellists present research conceptualising, documenting, and describing information gaps and non‐information and how they are dealt with in the information field specifically addressing: 1) how conceptualisations of information gaps and non‐information influence how they emerge as describable entities; 2) what approaches to manage information gaps and non‐information exist in information science and technology research; 3) what aspects of information gaps and non‐information different approaches address, make visible and invisible; and 4) how novel insights from the current state‐of‐the‐art research can be translated to practice, policies and actions.

“Smart Agriculture” Information Technology and Agriculture Cross-Discipline Research and Development

“Smart Agriculture” Information Technology and Agriculture Cross-Discipline Research and Development

Strategic Objectives of Sustainable Development Model in Production and Education

Purpose: The research aims to create a general economic-geographical model and explore its application possibilities using various criteria to achieve sustainable development in production and education. Introducing a new model is one of the most critical conditions since scientific research in this direction only partially solves the problem. In this regard, creating an economic-geographical model in production and education is very important. The model can positively affect the regulation of mutual relations of any economically developed countries with a favourable geographical position.&#x0D; &#x0D; Theoretical framework: The model we have presented can be applied from a theoretical point of view in creating new production areas, increasing personnel potential, and improving the quality of education. However, there is a need to conduct scientific research in this direction. Because in order to achieve the principles of stable and sustainable development in production and education, a favourable and accessible environment must first be formed so that people's social well-being and quality of life can reach a high level of development. Nevertheless, all forms of education provide us with a wealth of experience and information related to various scientific fields, as well as an understanding of the wider world and human interactions.&#x0D; &#x0D; Design/methodology/approach: From a methodological point of view, several scientists and specialists deal with ways of developing production and education and their application mechanisms. In this direction, we approached the scientific works of N.A.Iskakov, L.N.Rodionova, Y.I.Vaisman, R.Jovovic, M.P.Todaro, Z.T.Imrani and others, their ideas and scientific results from a synergistic point of view. Besides these, there are different methods of approach in the field of production and education. Grouping methods were used: event, fact, cause and effect, as well as a deduction, systematic study of objects, synthesis of events and processes, characterizing production and education, comparison in determining optimal options, generalization, establishing interaction and in preparation of the model.&#x0D; &#x0D; Findings: In our modern times, economic power reflects the social and ecological components and the ability to produce products. In addition to production, this potential includes scientific and technical achievements and the level of education. The economic-geographical model of sustainable development in production and education can have different directions, but its advantage is related to meeting the minimum needs of people in the future by achieving complex development.&#x0D; &#x0D; Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: The economic-geographical model presented in the field of production and education can help to focus on many ideas based on political, economic, social as well as environmental sustainability at the local, regional and global levels. Geographical development is not only natural but also can lead to the solution of economic problems.&#x0D; &#x0D; Originality/value: Aerospace, electronic, microbiological, biochemical and other fields, which have the latest scientific achievements and are equipped with technological equipment, occupy the most essential place in modern production. However, the most critical changes in the economy are related to the advanced development of professional services, information technology and scientific research. In this regard, the value of the research will be a foundation for undergraduate and graduate students, and the application of the model will allow for the exploration of many theories and applications of sustainable development in urban and rural areas.

Bridging the theory-practice gap: a critical reflection on information and communication technology research

Purpose Through critically reflecting on existing research on information and communication technology (ICT) in hospitality, the purpose of this study is to propose recommendations for future research to further narrow the theory-practice gap. Design/methodology/approach Personal experiences along with evidence from the literature provide a foundation for discussion, which is further enriched by integrating industry practitioners’ points of view. Findings Single-perspective and technology adoption studies have dominated ICT research in the hospitality literature. Technology effectiveness has often been measured indirectly. Oversimplifying technological issues has limited the generalizability of research findings. Research limitations/implications Future studies are suggested to go beyond examining technology adoption, embrace multi-perspective approaches and incorporate a wider range of situational and contextual factors. Originality/value Through a unique perspective, this study highlights the limitations of previous ICT research in the hospitality literature and provides suggestions for future research to better meet the needs of practitioners. The arguments presented are not purely from an academic standpoint, as they have been endorsed by senior industry executives.

System Research of Computer Artificial Intelligence Information Technology in Teaching and Research Learning Terminal

With the application of mobile teaching and research learning as the research background, this paper attempts to explore a new conversion method for Web content application to mobile teaching and research learning. The non-standard HTML documents are clipped and formatted based on proxy server. Make it a document that strictly follows the format definition required by XHTMLMP. Then this paper proposes an instant message push method based on user demand priority. The similarity measurement method is introduced to construct the prediction model of instant message score of mobile learning terminal, obtain the priority set of instant message push, and complete the push according to the priority. Finally, the main functions of the system are implemented, and it is found that the landing page design can improve the system security by 30%, and the course Q&amp;A page design can increase the participation of teaching and research learners by 50%.

A Methodological Framework Based on a Quantitative Assessment of New Technologies to Boost the Interoperability of Railways Services

Concerning the increase in the number of trips and tourists after the COVID-19 pandemic, TSPs (Transport Service Providers) and transport organizations are trying to improve their operability to answer the needs and expectations of passengers. This paper presents a methodology to assess and evaluate to what extent innovative technologies meet the needs of tourists and TSPs involved in the digital ecosystem for door-to-door trips in Europe, making railways and public transport more attractive and consequently encouraging people to use more intermodal solutions in public transport. In this study, two kinds of quantitative data are used: operational KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) and USI (User Satisfaction Index) surveys. The Effectiveness concept, as a metric of the capacity to meet these needs and expectations by the innovative technology, is calculated by merging both types of quantitative data. The method considers tourists’ socio-demographic profiles, allowing comparisons among TSPs and profiles for a specific technology, and it is extended to figure out correlations among variables through regression and Bayesian Networks analysis. In addition, specific socio-demographic data relevant to the needs and expectations were studied through the ANOVA test. This work belongs to the methodological framework of the IP4MaaS (Innovation Program 4 Mobility as a Service) project, which sets six demo sites on which this assessment method will be applied in a further stage. The concept of Effectiveness is applied in all the above-mentioned demo sites for the final assessment. Some IT innovations such as Location-Based Experience and Journey Planning have shown high Effectiveness. This work could be interesting for TSPs and IT (Information Technology) developers, researchers, policymakers, and organizations in the transport sector.

Strategic Objectives of Sustainable Development Model in Production and Education

Purpose: The research aims to create a general economic-geographical model and explore its application possibilities using various criteria to achieve sustainable development in production and education. Introducing a new model is one of the most critical conditions since scientific research in this direction only partially solves the problem. In this regard, creating an economic-geographical model in production and education is very important. The model can positively affect the regulation of mutual relations of any economically developed countries with a favourable geographical position. Theoretical framework: The model we have presented can be applied from a theoretical point of view in creating new production areas, increasing personnel potential, and improving the quality of education. However, there is a need to conduct scientific research in this direction. Because in order to achieve the principles of stable and sustainable development in production and education, a favourable and accessible environment must first be formed so that people's social well-being and quality of life can reach a high level of development. Nevertheless, all forms of education provide us with a wealth of experience and information related to various scientific fields, as well as an understanding of the wider world and human interactions. Design/methodology/approach: From a methodological point of view, several scientists and specialists deal with ways of developing production and education and their application mechanisms. In this direction, we approached the scientific works of N.A.Iskakov, L.N.Rodionova, Y.I.Vaisman, R.Jovovic, M.P.Todaro, Z.T.Imrani and others, their ideas and scientific results from a synergistic point of view. Besides these, there are different methods of approach in the field of production and education. Grouping methods were used: event, fact, cause and effect, as well as a deduction, systematic study of objects, synthesis of events and processes, characterizing production and education, comparison in determining optimal options, generalization, establishing interaction and in preparation of the model. Findings: In our modern times, economic power reflects the social and ecological components and the ability to produce products. In addition to production, this potential includes scientific and technical achievements and the level of education. The economic-geographical model of sustainable development in production and education can have different directions, but its advantage is related to meeting the minimum needs of people in the future by achieving complex development. Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: The economic-geographical model presented in the field of production and education can help to focus on many ideas based on political, economic, social as well as environmental sustainability at the local, regional and global levels. Geographical development is not only natural but also can lead to the solution of economic problems. Originality/value: Aerospace, electronic, microbiological, biochemical and other fields, which have the latest scientific achievements and are equipped with technological equipment, occupy the most essential place in modern production. However, the most critical changes in the economy are related to the advanced development of professional services, information technology and scientific research. In this regard, the value of the research will be a foundation for undergraduate and graduate students, and the application of the model will allow for the exploration of many theories and applications of sustainable development in urban and rural areas.

Scenario-specific radio propagation simulation from LiDAR point cloud data for smart office scenario

Recently, the cyber-physical-system (CPS) has attracted great interest in the information and communications technology (ICT) research field for the virtual test of wireless communication systems. Since the performance of wireless communication significantly depends on the radio propagation channel characteristics, the development of accurate radio propagation simulation technology becomes essential for the purpose. This paper proposed the scenario-specific radio propagation simulation method from LiDAR point cloud data. By the continuous environment measurement by LiDAR, the positions of dynamic objects like pedestrians are tracked, as well as the site-specific propagation environment characteristics and their influences are taken into the simulation. For performance evaluation, the radio propagation measurement was conducted in the 28 GHz band in an indoor office. The result showed a significant improvement in the RMSE of received power prediction. The proposed method will be utilized for the radio channel emulation in the CPS.