Research In Colombia Research Articles

Simultaneously inhabited lifeworlds: A phenomenological approach to understanding peace and conflict

This article seeks to show the value of a phenomenological lens in understanding conflict-affected societies. In particular, it uses a phenomenological lens to unpack how individuals and communities simultaneously inhabit a number of lifeworlds as part of navigating through life in conflict-affected contexts. A lifeworlds approach, and its emphasis on the micro-dynamics of everyday life, sheds light on the apparent contradictions experienced and lived in conflict-affected contexts. The article utilises Van Manen’s four-part framework of ‘existentials’: lived space (spatiality), lived body (corporeality), lived time (temporality) and lived human relations (relationality or communality) to show how people construct lifeworlds that hold contradictions. In one reading, these contradictions help perpetuate division. In another reading, this ability to inhabit multiple and often contradictory lifeworlds represents everyday diplomacy or a non-escalatory conflict management that allows society to function, even in a dysfunctional way. The article draws on detailed and highly localised research in Colombia, Lebanon and Northern Ireland.

De la investigación sociojurídica a la investigación interdisciplinaria en derecho: una mirada crítica sobre las transformaciones en las últimas décadas en Colombia

This article aims to give account on the conditions that made possible the emergence, growth, and transformation of socio-legal research in Colombia during the past decades based on a bibliographical research work conducted from 2020 to 2022. In the first part, a diachronic explanation about the emergence and transformation of socio-legal research in Colombia is presented; in the second part, the article shows some interdisciplinary research topics during the past years; finally, there is a recapitulation of the main arguments in the article. Based on research, this study argues that during the past decades different social, intellectual, and institutional conditions have enabled new subjects to problematize legal knowledge in the Colombian context and enhanced new interdisciplinary research processes.

Developing research priorities for palliative care in Colombia: a priority setting partnership approach

BackgroundA recent Lancet commission called for more research on palliative care in low- and middle-income (LMIC) countries such as Colombia. A research priority setting approach has been recommended by The Global Forum for Health Research to address the huge gap in research output between LMIC and high-income countries, with influential health service bodies recommending the active involvement of non-research expert stakeholders in establishing research priorities to address service user needs.MethodPriority setting partnership (PSP) following the four stages of the James Lind Alliance methodology; establishing the partnership, identifying evidence uncertainties, refining questions and uncertainties, and prioritization. Data from MS forms were analysed using descriptive statistics.ResultsA total of 33 stakeholders attended an online PSP workshop and completed the Mentimeter exercise in Microsoft Teams. A total of 48 attended the subsequent in person prioritisation exercise in urban Bogota (n = 22) and rural Popayan (n = 25). The stakeholders were a diverse group of health professionals (physicians, medical students, nurses, dentists, physiotherapists, nutritionist, occupational and speech therapists), financial and administrative staff and patients with life-limiting illness and caregivers. Top research priorities included patient and caregiver needs, service provider education and training, and better integration of palliative care with cancer and non-cancer services. The key challenges included a lack of interest in palliative care research, along with funding, time and resource constraints. Key solutions included collaboration across disciplines and settings, highlighting benefits of palliative research to help secure adequate resources, and multicentre, mixed method research, with patient involvement from the research development stage.ConclusionThe findings of this PSP should be disseminated among palliative care associations worldwide to inform international multicentre studies, and among governmental and nongovernmental organisations that promote research in Colombia. A focus on patient and family caregiver palliative care needs in Colombia should be prioritised.

The gap that Matilda will bridge: a look at the Colombian case.

To determine gender gaps in Emeritus researchers in Colombia. Oaxaca-Blinder-Kitakagwa decomposition model, correcting the sample selection bias with the inclusion of Mills' inverse ratio (Heckman's Lambda) through an ordered probit model. Data: Information available in the ScienTI Platform - Colombia during the period 2015-2021. The results show that the gender gap between female and male researchers is 5.8%. To achieve Emeritus status, one must be over 65 years old, and the possibility of achieving Emeritus status is 5.1% higher for female researchers than for their male counterparts. These differences can be explained by the time constraints that female researchers face in being productive, as they spend more time than male researchers on caregiving responsibilities, either due to motherhood or the care of other dependent family members. The results obtained allow us to affirm that there is a gender gap in scientific research in Colombia in the Emeritus research category in the calls for proposals for the period 2015-2021. Moreover, the existing gap cannot be explained by factors associated with attributes of education and academic productivity that are part of the regulatory requirements, insofar as not being explained by them, it evidences the existence of discrimination against women researchers to access the highest research category.

Female researchers are under-represented in the Colombian science infrastructure.

Worldwide women have increased their participation in STEM, but we are still far from reaching gender parity. Although progress can be seen at the bachelor's and master's level, career advancement of women in research still faces substantial challenges leading to a 'leaky pipeline' phenomenon (i.e., the continuous decrease of women's participation at advanced career stages). Latin America exhibits encouraging rates of women participation in research, but the panorama varies across countries and stages in the academic ladder. This study focuses on women's participation in research in natural sciences in Colombia and investigates career progression, leadership roles, and funding rates by analyzing data on scholarships, grants, rankings, and academic positions. Overall, we found persistent gender imbalances throughout the research ecosystem that were significant using classical statistical analyses. First, although women constitute >50% graduates from bachelors in natural sciences, <40% of researchers in this field are female. Second, women win <30% of research grants, and in turn, their scientific productivity is 2X lower than that of men. Third, because of the less research funding and output women have, their promotion to senior positions in academic and research rankings is slower. In consequence, only ~25% of senior researchers and full professors are women. Fourth, the proportion of women leading research groups and mentoring young scientist in Colombia is <30%. Our study deepens our understanding of gender gaps in STEM research in Colombia, and provides information to design initiatives that effectively target gender disparities by focusing on key areas of intervention, and then gradually building up, rather than tackling structural inequities all at once.

How can we work together? Understanding the transdisciplinary approach in agricultural research in Colombia

How can we work together? Understanding the transdisciplinary approach in agricultural research in Colombia

Tardigrades (Tardigrada) of Colombia: Historical Overview, Distribution, New Records, and an Updated Taxonomic Checklist

Tardigrades, with over 1450 species, are important organisms in ecological understanding and are valuable biological models (e.g., due to their extremotolerant capabilities). While their biodiversity is better known in Europe and North America, Central and South America have only recently started making significant contributions. Through a comprehensive review of scientific literature, biological collections, web portal consultations, and the addition of new records, this study clarifies the current knowledge of tardigrade biodiversity in Colombia. Past research started in the early 20th century, but most data are unreliable due to information gaps and the absence of specimens in biological collections. The last decade has witnessed a resurgence in tardigrade research in Colombia, leading to new species descriptions and a more robust understanding of their biodiversity. Nevertheless, the majority of the territory remains unexplored. A total of 43 known species from our analysis are present in Colombia: 26 records accepted by the literature and 17 questioned in the literature but representing distinct taxa surely present in Colombia. Other species records are considered doubtful. Our study recommends considering mostly scientific records based on verifiable material deposited in scientific collections (highlighting their importance in studying and safeguarding biodiversity) and encourages future researchers to contribute while adhering to legal requirements.

Tendencias en la investigación educativa en Colombia: Aportes para la construcción de un marco comprensivo, histórico y cultural

Purpose. The study investigates the current situation of educational research in Colombia, based on the research trends that emerge from the processes developed by universities, groups and lines of research in the country. Method. The methodological design responds to a descriptive content analysis, based on the complementarity perspective, which constitutes a qualitative approach aimed at the holistic understanding of complex cultural realities, based on the analysis of multiple sources of information. Results. The research shows that, despite the multiplicity of research processes in educational sciences, Colombia has not yet consolidated a research structure that enables the generation of disciplinary, interdisciplinary, or transdisciplinary knowledge to promote educational quality and social change in the national territory.

Upper Limb Osteometry of the Colombian Population: A Comparative Characterization of Scapula, Clavicle, Humerus, Radius and Ulna

Background: In response to the lack of osteometry research in Colombia, this paper applies a pioneering methodology to the osteometry of the upper limbs and carries out a comparative evaluation of the results obtained with those from several studies conducted worldwide. Morphometric characterization is crucial to inform clinical interventions in areas ranging from orthopedic surgery to forensic anthropological research. Methods: Fifteen samples of dry scapula, clavicle, humerus, radius and ulna were measured. Original parameters were used for this morphometry. Values of p≤0.05 were considered significant. Results: Morphometry of the upper limb bones in the Colombian population is described. The mean weight of dry bones were: scapula 53.322 ± 16.717 grams; clavicle 21.545 ± 4.127 grams; humerus 104.913 ± 36.617 grams; radius 42.187 ± 9.785 grams; and ulna 46.159 ± 11.639 grams. Radius length was statistically significant: p=0.0259. Conclusions: This is the first published paper reporting the osteometry and comparative analysis of the upper limb bones in Colombia. The morphometric data presented in this study contribute to the field of Colombian osteometrics and provide a reference for future interdisciplinary research. KEY WORDS: Anatomy, Anthropometry, Arm Bones, Bones of Upper Extremity, Clavicle, Humerus, Osteology, Radius, Scapula, Ulna.

Approximation to the social structure of swine health and production research in Colombia

Objectives: To characterize the organizational patterns in the swine health and production research systems in Colombia. Design/methodology/approach: The social networks approach was used to analyze the associative pairing of a prominent community of researchers in the field of swine health and production in Colombia, considering scientific studies generated between 2010 and 2018. Results: The swine research network in Colombia has a circumstantial growth, incipient behavior, and is highly centralized, delimiting the research narrative and generating a normal distribution in the transitivity of the network. Limitations on study/implications: The sample analyzed was by convenience and determined to a number of scientific studies, so it would be necessary to broaden considerably the population and the period analyzed. Visualizing and measuring this social structure could allow managing risks and opportunities for the local swine farming sector. Findings/conclusions: The social density and the values of structural centrality obtained reflect an organizational model that replicates the global production model: limited information flows and partially connected structures, highly centralized and with low variability in their information channels and knowledge exchange in a highly strategic sector.

Envisioning Pre-service English teacher education in Colombia as political action

This reflective article explores the need to revise the education of pre-service English teachers to place critical and political dimensions as central components in the education of future teachers. The author presents a brief critical overview of some key historical events in Colombia that have taken place mainly during the last sixty years. Two national educational proposals that aim to promote peaceful human relations and knowledge of the country’s historically violent past (Cátedra para la Paz and Estándares de Competencias Ciudadanas) are also described. Two complementary approaches to English teacher education are discussed as possible alternatives to enacting teacher education from a political and critical stance (Teacher Education for Social Justice and Critical Teacher Education). Finally, three trends in English teaching and research in Colombia are described as a way to illustrate some of the ways in which different scholars have enacted English teaching as part of a political and critical endeavor. The author concludes that in order to contribute to a more just, equitable, and peaceful country, pre-service English teacher programs must prepare prospective teachers committed to a process of social, cultural, and political transformation of the local realities of Colombia.

Smart Rural Communities: Action Research in Colombia and Mozambique

This article contributes to the ongoing discussion on rural development programs aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the Global South. The research question examines how the Smart Rural Communities (SRC) framework can support the SDGs as an international cooperation model. The article presents findings from fieldwork action research including a critical analysis of the hegemonic discourse on smart cities and provides final recommendations. Additionally, it introduces the concept of SRC. The fieldwork action research was conducted in post-conflict rural areas in Colombia’s Bolivar region and remote settlements in Mozambique’s Cabo Delgado province. Led by Ayuda En Acción in collaboration with co-operatives such as Mundukide Foundation, Alecop, and LKS from Mondragon Co-operative Corporation, these interventions aimed to engage local communities through Living Labs. They utilized Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and social innovation to promote the well-being of rural residents. The article comprises (i) an introduction; (ii) a literature review; (iii) a presentation of the fieldwork action research in Colombia and Mozambique; (iv) findings from a SWOT analysis and policy recommendations for SRC Living Labs; (v) conclusions addressing the research question. The SRC framework offers valuable insights for international cooperation models striving to achieve the SDGs in the Global South.

Agricultural Research in Colombia: Counterpoint with the Brazilian System

This paper analyzes the evolution and structure of Colombia's agricultural research network, paying special attention to the role of government expenditures in modeling this system. The authors also compare the Colombian agricultural network with the path followed by the Brazilian agricultural sector, which has been considered a pattern in South America. For this purpose, a bibliographic review and historical and institutional data are presented. Although agricultural research in Colombia began in the early 20th century, it has evolved more recently with the creation of different public and private institutions linked to the National Science and Technology System. However, agriculture and its research sector have faced major challenges related to government endowments that are needed to fund infrastructure and demand for researchers, as well as lower competitiveness compared to their Brazilian counterparts determined by social profit.

Policy Studies Yearbook Annual Review 2022–23: Note from the editor and call for papers

<i>Policy Studies Yearbook Annual Review</i> 2022–23: Note from the editor and call for papers

Public policy research in Colombia: State of the art (phase 1), 2008–2018

AbstractThis review article presents the results of an exploratory study for illuminating the state of the research concerning public policy in Colombia. A core assumption of the project is that the national capacity (intellectual capital) for producing relevant and thorough research in public policy, theory and practice, is a key element for the quality of its democracy and the sustainability of the system. A systematic documentary review of the research papers produced between 2008 and 2018 was conducted, spanning a total of 1010 papers. The results point to the relevance of continuing this type of study within Colombia and to the need of involving all the stakeholders in a dialogue about how to improve the country's capacity to design, implement, and evaluate sound public policies.Related ArticlesAsongu, Simplice A. 2016. “Sino‐African Relations: A Review and Reconciliation of Dominant Schools of Thought.” Politics &amp; Policy 44(2): 351–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12152.De Lombaerde, Philippe. 2015. “The Political Economy of Trade Protection in Colombia.” Politics &amp; Policy 43(6): 855–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12140.Seefeldt, Jennapher Lunde. 2020. “Lessons from the Lithium Triangle: Considering Policy Explanations for the Variation in Lithium Industry Development in the ‘Lithium Triangle’ Countries of Chile, Argentina, and Bolivia.” Politics &amp; Policy 48(4): 727–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12365.

Cardiology research in Colombia: an analysis of SCImago 1996-2021

Cardiology research in Colombia: an analysis of SCImago 1996-2021

THE PARADOX: Economic Growth that Endangers the Future of Research in Colombia

AbstractIn this paper I analyse how the gradual reduction of research funds in Colombia can interrupt a key process in the generation of solutions to global urban problems. I draw on a bibliometric analysis to show that research funding flowing from North to South has created collaborations between researchers from North and South that have led to a better and more comprehensive understanding of the challenges facing cities around the world. To conclude, I propose four options to counteract these trends towards lower research funding.

PATRIMONIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE COLOMBIAN STATE FOR THE JUDICIAL DELAY DURING THE QUARANTINE DUE TO THE COVID–19 PANDEMIC

The research aims to analyze the exercise of jurisdictional power in Colombia during remote work at home conducted by the judicial offices of Cartagena during the COVID-19 quarantine in 2020. This article establishes if the Colombian State is incumbent on any patrimonial responsibility for the judicial delay during the quarantine. This article describes a new method in socio-legal research in Colombia, based on quantitative analysis, which allows determining through the application of surveys to users of the administration of justice that the state activities developed in the branches of the Colombian public power can generate patrimonial responsibility. Using the quantitative analysis of the surveys, the authors illustrate with the proposed method of statistical analysis that the application of surveys allows us to infer that in the administration of justice in Cartagena, 67% have perceived many changes in the notification of procedural stages with the notification application by email, contemplated in Decree 806 of 2020. The evaluation of the new method's efficiency is confirmed by calculating 150 surveys applied to the administration users, and the research results complement studies conducted by other authors in 2020-2021. The novelty and scientific contribution point to applying Cloud Computing using information and communication technology to conduct legal proceedings, and the conclusions pointed to developing new studies on the unjustified delay in compliance with the procedural terms and jurisdictional proceedings. Keywords: Administration of Justice, Access to Justice, Judicial Delay, COVID-19, Remote Work at Home DOI： https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.58.1.16

Wave Data Prepares for Hurricanes

As the latest hurricane season takes its toll on the Caribbean and US Atlantic coast, the paper reports on how field research in Colombia is improving hurricane preparedness. Adaptation and mitigation measures for hurricanes affecting Colombia have been historically hampered by the lack of any meteorological and oceanographic observational network. To overcome this shortcoming and help authorities better plan and prepare for future extreme weather events, researchers at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia have reached a technical agreement with the environmental institution Coralina (Corporation for the Sustainable Development of the Archipelago of San Andrés), to use data collected from acoustic wave and current profilers (AWACs).

Why peacebuilding is condemned to fail if it ignores ethnicization. The case of Colombia

ABSTRACT Recent criticism of the liberal peace paradigm has raised awareness about racial silence and coloniality in peacebuilding and research. Drawing on ethnographic research in Colombia, this article argues that the interaction between ethnicization, armed conflict, and peacebuilding is relevant not only to so-called ethnic conflicts but to postcolonial conflict settings more generally. To demonstrate this, I first show that ethnicization is a key driver of armed conflict and its territorial expansion. I then discuss how two peacebuilding attempts, the constitution of 1991 and the peace agreement of 2016, dealt with ethnicization. Findings demonstrate that overlooking the interaction between ethnicization and conflict diminished their success. In contrast, embracing ethnic(ized) agency in peacebuilding made visible postcolonial violence, delegitimized its use, and enabled conflict transformation. The Colombian case is indicative of other contexts because it shows that peace cannot be achieved if the colonial fundaments of conflict transformation and democracy remain unaddressed.