Research Field In Literature Research Articles

謠讖의 歷史서술 기능 연구 - 魏·晉·南北朝 지괴필기를 중심으로

Rumor Prophecy is a free song without melody. It existed during the pre Qin period, and the typical form is children’s folk rhymes. Rumor prophecy has been called Shiyao in the period of Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties. There’s no strict classification about it. The name has first appeared in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the field of literature research, rumor prophecy research is not quite active. However, throughout previous studies, it has been discussed in detail with origin, poetic style, and rhetorical about it. Rumor prophecy is both “rumor” and “prophecy”. Since the Western Han Dynasty, people used to understand rumor prophecy as an auspicious sign and calamity. It also has special political effects, the system of symbol is based on traditional thought about the concept of heaven. Therefore, as prophecy symbol, the narrative provides more narrative space. Record of strange is regarded as history during the period of Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties. actually, it is a review of historical facts. Record of strange often describes historical events through rumor prophecy. so if comparison and analysis it with historical records, it’s not hard to find that rumor prophecy’s narrative logic is follows traditional Confucian thought and culture. Politically, it contains Confucian thought system and is closely related to scholars. In Wuxing theory’s cultural context, this is also a critical and prophetic public opinion after moral evaluation. Because it’s a kind of “poetry expresses ambition”. Since the “poetry origins in emotion” has been popular in Jin Dynasty, rumor prophecy began to show emotional expression. also, the content about the funeral in it embodied the scholar’s cultural thought at that time. From this point of view, the cultural thoughts and values embodied in rumor prophecy are more closely related to scholars.

Is this Transnational Entrepreneurship? Five Cases in Which It Is Hard to Say ‘Yes’ or ‘No’

Scholars have lately started using the notion of ‘transnational entrepreneurship’. However, transnational entrepreneurship has not achieved the status of an independent research field in literature yet. Scholars and policymakers do not seem to have managed to address the clear-cut, distinctive nature of transnational entrepreneurship due to its conceptual ambiguity. This challenge calls for thoughtful consideration of the scope and range of the transnational entrepreneurship concept. Consequently, this study aims at critically reviewing the recent literature on transnational entrepreneurship in contrast to migrants’ entrepreneurial activities and international entrepreneurship to identify the current scholars’ underlying assumptions about this phenomenon and challenges them by demonstrating its heterogeneity with the presentation of five empirical cases. In these five cases, entrepreneurs conduct business in which transnationalism plays a certain role, yet differently. We contrast the presented cases with the four assumptions about transnational entrepreneurs identified from literature: (a) frequent travels between home and host countries, (b) simultaneous entrepreneurial engagement in two countries, (c) deep dual embeddedness in home and host institutional environments and (d) highly educated migrants. Based on the discussion, we develop a set of research propositions regarding the characteristics of transnational entrepreneurs, which are not fully considered in literature. By demonstrating the heterogeneity of transnational entrepreneurship and by showing future research orientations, we contribute to the literature on transnational entrepreneurship.

Text Context in the Field of Literature Research

Context is a term which used in literary research frequently. But we do not know the clear meaning of what the context is. The original meaning of the context is not only conducive to the use of normative context, but also to understand the context of generalization. The initial form of context is "text context" in literary research. The text context enters into the realm of literary research from linguistics and is formed in the context theory of I. A. Richards and the new criticism. This paper combs the textual context theory in the field of literature research, summarizes and reflects on the text of context theory.

The Image of Talented Scholar, Beauty and Love in Vietnamese Nom Narrative Poetry

The emergence and prevalence of Nom narrative poetry associated with the decline of feudalism in Vietnam. The feudal system began to weaken since the 16th century and the 18th century became severe, and mid-19th century entered the crisis period. Social contradictions, class contradictions brought huge differentiation inside the ruling class which had brought a large part of writers, poets closer to people. Overcoming class ideology, those intellectuals had represented the aspirations of the times, the voice of the people with all their hearts. Humanism literature is the result of that social struggle and ideological struggle process. Along with the development of Nom letter and the sin-eight-word, the Nom first poems were formed and developed that way. Nom narrative poetry about “talented scholar and beauty” told the story of love between a man and a woman. They were not only outstanding in their appearance but also faithful in love. To protect their love, they had to overcome the resistance of feudal rites, the harm of those mean people, and they even had to look for the death to keep a vow with their lovers. All those things had made up the beauty of Nom narrative poetry. That also explains why Nom narrative poetry was soon welcomed socially and had such huge influence on Vietnamese’s life. However, in field of literature research, there has not been a unified notion of Nom narrative poetry about talented scholar and beauty. Therefore a viewpoint about the notion of Nom narrative poetry will be discussed. Moreover the writer also analyzes the talented scholars, the beauties and their love. As a result, the value of this type of poetry in Vietnam national literature will be affirmed.