Representative Character Research Articles

An Analysis of Cantonese Verbal Humor in Table for Six from the Perspective of Pragmatics

Table for Six is a Hong Kong comedy movie released in 2022. With a box office of 77 million Hong Kong dollars, it won the historical championship of Hong Kong comedy films and was well-received by the public upon its release. It is a superb example of a “Dayo Wong-style movie” , with a ton of amazing Cantonese verbal humor. The cooperation principle, a crucial pragmatics theory, is used in this study along with qualitative research methodologies to investigate the mechanism of verbal humor production in the Cantonese setting. The article strategically selects four very representative character dialogues in the movie and conducts an in-depth analysis of them using the cooperative principle’s quantity maxim, quality maxim, relation maxim and manner maxim, further broadening the scope of linguistics research in the Cantonese context.

The Mediatization of Jewish–Muslim Dialogue in Germany Amid COVID-19

In the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, religious organizations increasingly mediatized their activities. Studies examining this process mostly focused on communal offerings, while ignoring how rapid mediatization affected programs geared toward interfaith dialogue. This paper examines the effects and possibilities of this shift to virtual spaces by focusing on frameworks that promote Jewish–Muslim dialogue in Germany. It traces how Jews and Muslims intervene in popular discourse using social media platforms to self-define their respective religions and the relationship between them. In this process, those involved in creating virtual spaces focused on the intersectionality between gender biases and Christonormativity. This paper utilizes a broad methodological approach, including participant observation in dialogue events in virtual spaces, discursive analyses of videos and podcasts, and qualitative interviews with Jews and Muslims involved in the creation of virtual spaces. The first section discusses Jewish–Muslim encounters occurring in organized dialogue events on video communication platforms that are ephemeral in nature (no recordings). The subsequent sections analyze German-language formats that have a representative character and are streamed, recorded, and presented on social media platforms.

“A Ceremony of National and Representative Character”: The Four-Nations Politics of Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee

AbstractIn June 1887, Britons crowded the streets of London to celebrate Queen Victoria's fiftieth year on the throne. It was an opportunity to publicly revel in the social, political, economic, and imperial progress Britain had made during her historic reign. The Lord Chamberlain was tasked with organizing a formal jubilee ceremony at Westminster Abbey representative of the queen's diverse subjects. But this proved a difficult undertaking for a multinational kingdom with a vast overseas empire. Grievances over seating in Westminster Abbey, jubilee honors, and an absent royal family fostered varying degrees of solidarity and rivalry among the United Kingdom's four constituent nations. The Irish Question and imperial expansion—matters in which Victoria was personally invested—heightened four-nations sensibilities and influenced participation in the festivities. The queen's Golden Jubilee both reflected and inspired four-nations thinking, and it revealed public concerns that the British union might exist as a hierarchy of nations rather than as a collaborative venture among equal members. As the institutional embodiment of tiered society, the Crown became an outlet for subjects to explore questions and modes of belonging within the global British world. A four-nations analysis of Victoria's 1887 jubilee shows that despite its unifying function, the modern British monarchy has struggled to harmonize the United Kingdom's multinational perspectives.

RESEARCH OF THE DEFENSIVE HIGH WALL AND PROBABLE RELICS OF THE PRINCE'S RESIDENCE IN THENORTH-EASTERN PART OF LVIV'S MIDTOWN

The author describes the architectural and archaeological research conducted by him, or with his participation, of objects in the north-eastern part of the lviv's midtown, which probably belong to the period of the formation of a new part of the city, intended for the capital of the Rus kingdom (mid. XIII - mid. XIV c.). Described: 1 - features of a well-preserved fragment of the defensive high wall of the city, indicating its construction on a previously uninhabited area; 2 - mysterious relics of the original layout and elements of the late Romanesque architecture of the representative building, which was later incorporated into the monastic ensemble; 3 - masonry features and construction periodization of the circle of the main courtyard of the Dominican monastery, indicating two early stages of its construction: 2 half XIII century and the beginning 15th century; 4 – an archaeologically uncovered section of a part of a high wall, which had a distinctly representative character; 5 – a stone underground liturgical chest behind the main altar of the Church. A cursory historiographical review of the circumstances surrounding the establishment of the Dominican monastery in Lviv and a new interpretation of the sources in the light of the findings presented have been added. The research adds new arguments in favor of the localization of the palace-residence of Prince Lev Danylovych in this part of the Midtown, and it is even quite confident to interpret the preserved building structures and architectural elements as his relics. Key words: formation of Midtown, high defensive wall, princely palace-residence; Dominican monastery, masonry technique.

Increasing political polarization with disinformation: A comparative analysis of the European quality press

Political polarization and information disorders are not new phenomena on the media agenda, but they have acquired considerable prominence in the wake of international events such as the election of Donald Trump. The present article seeks to help in understanding the interrelation of these concepts –disinformation and polarization– in the European quality press in recent years. Six newspapers (El Mundo, El País, Le Figaro, Le Monde, The Daily Telegraph and The Guardian) from three countries were selected on the basis of their quality, audience and representative character of their editorial lines between 2017 and late 2022, and a qualitative and quantitative frame analysis (n = 286) was carried out. Having observed all the definitions of polarization in the press, it was seen that party political alignment has the greatest presence in the international scenario, coming before the division of public opinion. In the sample, Spain has a prominent position, claiming to be a polarized pluralist country, as opposed to United Kingdom, which closely observes what happens in the United States, or France, where these phenomena have achieved less penetration. The conclusion is that political polarization is presented as a chronic problem caused by political actors who are not going to cease doing so, as opposed to information disorders, which are produced by certain specific international actors, such as Vladimir Putin, Donald Trump, and Jair Bolsonaro, who take advantage of communication flows on social media and the latter’s lack of regulation. This article suggests that the way to resolve or at least alleviate the problem is by defending quality information and public media, emphasizing citizen responsibility in the face of social media.

Walker Empowering Women in Meridian

With the picture of personal struggle to overcome the patriarchal society, Alice Walker has concentrated on the empowerment of female values for the establishment and preservation of social and individual female identity in Meridian. Portrayed as a poor, uneducated, and a black girl, Meridian faces social and culturally harsh treatment and black males have behaved her as a toy resulting in double patriarchy. Her attachment with the Civil Rights Movement has brought a transformation and realization within her, which has ultimately enabled her to exist and revolt against male hegemony. Following the feminism as its theoretical tool, this research examines on how a neglected, uneducated poor black girl Meridian transfers herself into an independent woman having her own identity with representative character of an empowered woman. This article tries to examine how Walker has empowered females in the novel, Meridian.

Assessment of digital competences of Lublin Province residents in relational terms

Purpose: Digital competences in the modern world play a significant role in people's lives. They are vital for building Society 5.0. They are the subject of research by many scholars as well as research organizations and groups. The objective of the article is to present theoretical considerations and results of empirical research on the assessment of digital competences of residents in relational terms. Design/methodology/approach: The review of documents and diagnostic survey methods were used to achieve the objective. The first method consisted in a critical analysis of the literature on the subject and was used to develop methodological assumptions. The second was employed to conduct the empirical study among the residents of the Lublin Province. The results enabled the frequency of the use of digital competences to be linked with the significance of the individual areas of life. Findings: The study confirmed that the residents recognize the importance of digital competences in different areas of life and are ready to develop the competences. The frequency of their use is not high and does not differ significantly in relation to age, education and occupational status. Respondents use the competences the most frequently in the most significant area of life – relationships with their loved ones. The competences are used with the lowest frequency in the least significant areas: religion and civic engagement. Research limitations/implications: The pilot study enabled research assumptions to be verified. The snowball sampling method proved to be effective in the selection of the sample for exploratory purposes. In the prospective basic research, the sample will be selected in such a way as to ensure its representative character. The online survey technique will be replaced by the CATI to reach respondents who do not actively use ICT. The study showed the need for certain changes to be introduced into the research tool. Practical implications: The research proved the validity of applying a relational model when assessing digital competences of residents. In this approach, instead of the areas of people's lives, they can also be analyzed in relation to organizations taking into account the spheres of the organizations' activity. Social implications: The results of the study constitute a valuable source of information concerning Society 5.0 and the significance of digital competences. They confirm that the residents use them with low frequency, which indicates the need for systemic actions to be taken in order to enhance them. Originality/value: The article is based on existing knowledge regarding Society 5.0 and digital competence research models. The originality of the study consists in the use of the relational approach that allows the frequency of their use to be linked with the areas of life significant for respondents. Keywords: digital competences, Society 5.0, relational model. Category of the paper: Research paper.

Međunarodni odnosi

Special missions are a form of diplomatic communication and are one of the oldest forms of diplomatic relations. They are a form of ad hoc diplomacy that can be bilateral or multilateral. What is characteristic of special missions in the past is that they had a predominantly representative character, and now they have almost exclusively a functional character. Historically, such missions have been used since ancient times in China, the Greek states, Assyria, Egypt, and it should be especially mentioned that they are mentioned in ancient Indian writings around 2500 BC. Such missions were also used by the medieval Serbian state in relations with other states. Nowadays, these missions are important for resolving a specific issue, ie an international problem, and their existence is usually related to the duration of that problem, ie conflict.

Senat a Rada Ministrów – ramy ustrojowe i praktyka parlamentarna

The presented scientific research article covers the legal scope and legal basis for the Polish Senate to carry out activities whose characteristics may indicate that they are identical to activities that, in a typical situation, serve to perform a controlling function. In the Polish political system, it is the Sejm which exercises the controlling function over the activities of the Council of Ministers. However, both the statutory provisions and the Rules of Procedure of the Senate form the legal basis for the Senate, its bodies and senators to perform a whole range of activities showing significant similarity, and in some cases essentially identical with the activities carried out by the Sejm, its bodies and members (deputies) as part of their controlling activity. So far, research on this issue has been conducted primarily in order to look for answers to the question about the legal classification of the provisions on which the various activities of the upper house of the Parliament are based. Presenting the most important views to date allows the author to deepen the analysis seeking the source of the Senate’s competences in its representative character. It is particularly important to consider this aspect in the current situation where the political groupings that make up the minority in the Sejm constitute the majority in the Senate. In addition, the specific form of political decision-making centres (outside the Parliament) significantly restricts the controlling function by the Sejm or even makes the performance of this function illusory. This circumstance, crucial in the context of the functioning of the entire political system of the state, makes it particularly important to verify the admissibility and legal nature of para-controlling activities undertaken by the Senate. In the adopted research perspective, the Parliament, which is an emanation of the Nation, should not be deprived of the insight and the possibility to address, through its members, the activities within the responsibility of the Council of Ministers. The adoption of such a perspective, in view of the adopted hypothesis of at least limited effectiveness in the performance of the controlling function by the Sejm, in turn requires verification of the effectiveness of the tools used by the Senate, its bodies and senators. The conclusions to be formulated should be valid not only for the state of scientific reflection, but also for parliamentary practice, which in this regard continues to develop appropriate tools falling within the constitutional framework.

Gut Microbiome Analysis for Personalized Nutrition: The State of Science.

Whereas most concepts of personalized nutrition (PN) in the past, included genotyping, recent years have brought new approaches that include microbiome analysis to optimize recommendations for diet and lifestyle changes. The new approach, offered by companies, that microbiome analysis provides a real benefit to either more concise recommendations or for increased compliance to PN, is largely lacking scientific validation. Although the microbiome field shows enormous proliferation, it has some major flaws that make its use in the public health domain currently critical. Starting with the quality and representative character of the stool samples, its processing and analysis as well as assembly of metagenome data and the interpretation. Moreover, there is still no consensus of what constitutes a "normal/healthy" microbiome, nor what features characterize a dysbiotic microbiome. And, based on hundreds of individual parameters and environmental factors, the intestinal microbiome shows a huge variability and consequently changing one factor-such as food intake-is likely to have a limited impact in achieving optimized health. The present review intends to summarize the state of consolidated knowledge on human gut microbiome in the context of diet and disease, its key features, and its influencing factors as well as its "add-on" quality for PN offers.

Transnational Identity in Thapa’s Seasons of Flight

This article focuses on the transnational identity of Nepali immigrants in America through the representative character of Prema in Manjushree Thapa’s novel, Season of Flight. The finding of the article is that transnational identity of immigrants is unstable and fluid. This instability and fluidity result in crossing the border from one nation to the next. Transnationalism is the process of globalization where immigrant adopts foreign culture and retains the roots simultaneously. Although immigrant has to undergo alienation and frustration in the host land, he/she prefers to live there because of immense freedom and liberty. The researcher has focused on the cultural aspect of immigrants living in transnational space, and hybridity as a theory has been applied to interpret and analyze the text.

Obra de arte e verdade: Sobre a inversão de Heidegger da estética de Platão

According to the doctrine set out in Book X of the Republic, art is for Plato three degrees far from truth. This doctrine is based on the representative character of art: in his productions, the artist takes sensible things and not the ideas as his model, and ignores the use of the objects that the craftsman produces. In the essay The Origin of the Work of Art, Heidegger completely reverses this Platonic hierarchy. The essay seems to be an indirect response to Plato, as it discusses exactly the distinctions Plato draws, between natural object (the idea, which is “by nature”), object of use and work of art. The work of art – even when it imitates an object of use, as in the case of van Gogh’s painting of a pair of shoes – is for Heidegger the “setting-itself-to-work of truth”, because it shows the primarily ontological character of every work: its fabrication, that is, its historical being. The truth of the work of art lies in its historical character, and the work of art is the happening of truth because, more than any other object, its essence consists precisely in showing the temporal character as the essence of every object, even the natural ones.

Core areas in the structure of the regional ecological framework of Sevastopol City

Aim. To identify land and water areas for inclusion in the regional ecological framework of Sevastopol City and to define the core areas for ensuring the representative character of the nature protection network and the ecological stability of the region.Material and Methods. Based on field surveys, archival and published data, the structure of the ecological framework of Sevastopol was specified as a part of the Crimean ecological network, developed in 2008. A schematic map of the protected areas and ecological framework elements was developed and calculation of their area carried out using the QGIS‐3.10.10. The index of environmental significance was calculated according to Guryevskikh and a scale for its gradation was suggested. For ecological centres and corridors, the ratio of key areas of the first and second order was analyzed.Results. The creation of 34 protected areas was proposed and their conservation value was shown. The boundaries of the core areas and 11 structural elements of the ecological framework were specified, its representativeness was characterized and problems of its implementation were discussed. As a result of optimization of the nature protection network of Sevastopol, the share of the protected areas and ecological framework of the total area of the city will be increased to 37.1 and 66%, respectively. A complex of conservational measures has been proposed for the protection of populations and biotopes of rare species included in the Red Data Book of Sevastopol.Conclusions. The creation of new core areas and the optimisation of the nature conservation network will ensure the maintenance of the sustainability of the ecological framework and the ecological stability of the region but will not make significant changes to the previously formed disproportion due to the impossibility of creating large objects with a high category of protection. The implementation of the ecological framework project will help to reduce the risk of losing the biological and landscape diversity of the region.

Evolution of the constitutional legal status of the federal territory of the District of Columbia, USA: constitutional legal risks

The subject. The article analyzes seven stages of the evolution of the constitutional legal status of the first federal territory in history the District of Columbia, USA. In the course of this analysis, the author formulates the constitutional legal risks of the existence of federal territories in the state. From the standpoint of identifying constitutional legal risks, an amendment to Article 67 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation on the possibility of the formation of federal territories on the territory of Russia is also analyzed.The purpose of the paper is to identify constitutional legal risks in terms of the existence of federal territories using the example of the centuries-old struggle of the District of Columbia for autonomy.The methodology of the study includes general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description) and legal methods. In addition to this, historical method was also applicable.The main results and scope of their application. The author realized, that a certain constitutional risk exists when the federal territory is established as a special public-law entity, because the evolutionary process of the constitutional-legal status of the first federal territory, that was established in constitutional law – the District of Columbia in the United States of America, demonstrated such risk. The author describes seven different stages of the evolutionary process of the DC's constitutional legal status in its pass to autonomy and full political rights: (1) 1800–1870; (2) 1871 – June of 1874; (3) 20 of June 1874 – 1967; (4) 1967–1973; (5) 1973–1983; (6) September of 1983 – 2016; (7) since 2016 until now.According to these periods, since 1801, DC residents, bound by all obligations of American citizenship, want to be equal to the rest of America's citizens. The United States is the only democratic country in the world today that denies the right to vote for a representative of the capital in the Congress. The Statehood of Washington, DC will correct a long-standing historical injustice that is unique in its nature among all capitals in the world. The author also proposes to consider as a constitutional risk the possibility of negative consequences (legal damage) for the subjects of constitutional law due to the contention of constitutional values.In addition to this, the author concluded, that there is a risk that the Council of the Federal Territory “Sirius” will lose its representative character due to the absence of the established dependence of the number of elected Council members on the number of voters, as happened in the District of Columbia, where a fixed number of Council members (13) is also established, which cannot be changed by the district and which does not depend on the population living in its territory. It is also necessary to take into account the constitutional risk of the federal territory striving for autonomy within the federation, especially in the case of the formation of a local community on its territory.

Orthorexia nervosa risk and associated factors among Chilean nutrition students: a pilot study

BackgroundOrthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterized by an excessive, obsessive concern with healthy eating generating psychological complications and even malnutrition at a caloric and protein level. Current evidence suggests that people with greater food knowledge are the most likely to be affected, placing nutrition students as a populational risk group. Since there are no nationwide studies dealing with orthorexia nervosa in this risk group, the present pilot study intends to identify risk factors for orthorexia nervosa in a sample of Nutrition and Dietetics students in Chile.MethodA descriptive cross-sectional pilot study was done on 90 Nutrition and Dietetics students from a Chilean university, representing 70% of its population. The ORTHO-11-ES instrument was applied to determine ON risk, along with consulting about attitudinal, physical-clinical and social variables. Statistical tests were performed in GraphPad PRISM 8.0®, applying probability ratios and personal correlation, between the sociodemographic variables and the risk of orthorexia nervosa. This study was approved by the university Ethics Committee based on the Helsinki Declaration.Results23.3% of the studied population was at risk of suffering ON. Associated variables were being in the second year of their major (OR 2.22), coming from a charter school (OR 3.00) and cohabitation being limited to ≤ 1 person (OR 2.47). Particularly, declared physical activity limits are associated to the risk of suffering ON (Sedentary OR 2.42, Heavy OR 3.53), as well as time spent on the social network Instagram (< 1 h OR 2.77, > 3 h OR 1.80).ConclusionsThere is an ON risk prevalence of 23.3% in the present pilot sample under study, indicating that years of study, cohabitation, secondary educational establishment, physical activity and Instagram use constitute associated factors for the studied condition. Some results vary from international evidence, describing a dual nature in the variables for Instagram time and declared physical activity for ON risk. This study needs replication in more representative samples and longitudinal character with control groups which can confirm the studied elements as ON risk factors.Plain English summaryOrthorexia nervosa (ON) is an expression created to indicate a possible new eating disorder characterized by excessive and obsessive preoccupation with healthy eating. Some of its most distinctive traits include marked anxiety over food, exaggerated fear over the appearance of some diseases and shame about physical appearance. This ultimately impacts food choice, planning, acquisition, preparation and consumption, creating psychological complications along with some associated with malnutrition. Considering that Nutrition students are an at-risk group, the present pilot study evaluated its prevalence and associated factors in a specific sample in Chile. Conditions associated with the risk of orthorexia nervosa identified in the present study include: number of hours spent using Instagram, limited cohabitation, extreme physical activity, and number of years in the major. These results should be taken cautiously, with their association confirmed in follow-up studies.

School architecture, global perspectives, and local realities: the cases of Chile and Portugal in the twentieth century

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the duality between global perspectives and local realities that have influenced the design of the school architecture by examining and comparing state school projects in two geographically distant countries: Chile and Portugal. The proposals and experiences of the “Society for the Construction of Educational Facilities” (1937–1987) in Chile and the “Board of Constructions for Technical and Secondary Education” (1934–1969) in Portugal are analysed. Established in the 1930s, these centralised bodies managed, organised, and controlled state school building projects in such a way as to achieve uniformity in design, creating architectural identities that embodied both the educational values and the representative character of the State. These bodies were influenced by similar global circumstances, and their activities were guided by the recommendations issued by intergovernmental organisations of the time. Such a situation brought their projects closer together in terms of their functional, aesthetic, technical-constructive characteristics. After examining and identifying the international influences which brought them closer in terms of the educational meanings and values associated with school architecture, the paper identifies the local circumstances that guided the design and construction processes of schools in both countries, bringing fresh geographical insights to school architecture discussion. At the same time, possible global readings of strategies, influences and results are explored, enabling us to understand school architecture as part of a nation’s cultural values and as a material expression of the social model of modernity, which will continue to meet the challenges that schools face in twenty-first-century society.

Hydrogen shift isomerizations in the kinetics of the first and second oxidation mechanism of diethyl ether combustion

The kinetics of ROO and OOQOOH radicals play an important role in simulating the ignition behavior of fuel during low-temperature combustion. Diethyl ether (DEE) was chosen in the present work because of its typical and representative character. In this work, we use the multi-structural torsional (MS-T) and multi-structural local quansi-harmonic (MS-LQH) methods to deal with multiple conformations and coupled torsion for structures of reactant, transition state and products, and use the multi-structure variational transition state theory (MS-VTST) to perform dynamic calculations for hydrogen shift isomerizations. Our results indicate that the multistructural anharmonicity effect plays a crucial role in determining the accuracy of the thermodynamic and kinetic quantities. Morever, the kinetics calculations indicate that rate constants for intramolecular hydrogen abstraction in the first oxidation mechanism (ROO → QOOH) and the second oxidation mechanism (OOQOOH → Products) exhibits different feature. This work will be helpful for understanding the oxidation mechanism of diethyl ether combustion.

Az egyház communio jellege és a pasztorális tanács

The Second Vatican Council and subsequent documents, in view of the pastoral challenges, strongly recommend the establishment of a pastoral council in the dioceses, in which mainly the laity should be involved. The task of the council is to raise and discuss issues concerning pastoral work and to reach practical conclusions. In the interpretation of the Church as communio, the juridical figure of the pastoral council is an important institution, since based on the theological structure of the communio, its members can assist the bishop in the pastoral care of the diocese with their opinions and remarks by virtue of their universal mission received in baptism. The notion that the mission stemming from the general priesthood would imply such representative character which would signify the exercise of ecclesiastical power is erroneous. The reference to the individual or collective interests of advisory bodies is the real expression of the Church’s communio insofar as it serves the common good of the Church. Otherwise, we are dealing only with a misunderstood conception of “democracy” that interprets communion in the Church merely on a humanistic, anthropological level, and considers the decentralization of power to be its fundamental task. With regard to the pastoral council, the principle of synodality is closely linked to the communio nature of the Church, as issues concerning pastoral care must be thoroughly discussed together, and decision-making mechanisms must be well prepared, which serves as basis for the diocesan bishop to be able to make the desired decision.

Research of humanization transformations of the higher education system of Ukraine at the end of the 20th - early 21st centuries (1985-2012)

The article analyzes the theoretical and practical foundations of humanization and humanization of domestic higher education in the late twentieth - early twenty-first century. Based on a comprehensive historical and pedagogical analysis, the research identifies and characterizes the essence of humanization transformations of higher education in Ukraine. The research hypothesis is based on the thesis that special value-oriented pedagogical conditions in the process of professional training are a prerequisite for the acquisition of values and sense experience of future specialists in foreign philology, which creates important prerequisites for the formation of axiological competencies. The proposed study is aimed at determining the level of formation of values and sense experience among future specialists in foreign philology at the initial and final stages of the experiment. The paper analyzes the key concepts, the essence of humanization and humanitarianization and its established features. The main periods are singled out: the first (1985-1990) - directive humanization and humanitarianization of higher education in Ukraine; the second (1990-1995) - humanization and humanitarianization in the process of higher education reform; the third (1995-2004) - normative-legal institutionalization of the process of humanization and humanitarianization of higher education; fourth (2005-2012) - international integration of higher education in Ukraine in the process of humanization and humanitarianization with their inherent trends. The article has comprehensively researched tendencies, ways, innovative technologies of humanization and humanitarianization of higher education of Ukraine, the possibilities of the improvement taking into account the European educational standards, accumulated positive experience, national traditions and modern tendencies in the organization of higher education in the conditions of Ukraine’s integration into the European educational space. The course of scientific research has proved that the axiological approach to humanization and humanitarianization of the process of training future specialists in higher education is to focus the learning process on personal growth of the student, ensuring his/her comprehensive, cultural, socio-moral and professional development. The teaching of professional and methodological disciplines does not act as a transfer of information, but as activation and stimulation of the process of independent search for one’s own value position in relation to the world, formation of worldview, development of youth perception, ensuring students’ understanding of human values and harmony of human relations. The results of the study have confirmed the effectiveness of the author’s approach to the formation of the humanistic orientation of future professionals in the higher education system of Ukraine during the study period. The research on the humanization and humanitarianization of higher education in Ukraine in the late twentieth - early twenty-first centuries made it possible to involve in scientific circulation a wide range of materials that are representative in nature and reproduce certain aspects of the studied problem, and therefore need to be generalized. Various principles, methods and techniques of modern methodology used in the process of the research have allowed avoiding subjective and biased assessments, ensuring the scientific validity of the results obtained during the research, confirming a sufficiently representative character of the identified sources.

Study on the Changing Connotation of the American Dream in Death of a Salesman

Arthur Miller is considered one of the greatest American playwrights of the twentieth century. His masterpiece—Death of a Salesman—tells a tragic story about an ordinary American and chronicles the changing connotation of the American dream. The American dream originates from the puritan spirit, develops in the Revolutionary war and distorts as society changed. The essay attempts to reveal the changing connotation of the American dream reflected in this play by analyzing the representative character portrayed by Miller. On the basis of a better understanding of the play, the great influence of values in different time, such as the American dream, on ordinary people are expected to be learned.