Replacement Name Research Articles

Review of hymenolepidids associated with the tribe Sudarikovinini Spassky, 1991 (Eucestoda, Hymenolepididae), with descriptions of two unrecognized species from the Shaw's jird Meriones (Pallasiomys) shawi (Duvernoy) (Rodentia: Muridae: Gerbillinae) from Northern Africa.

The taxonomic position of the hymenolepidid cestode genera Paraoligorchis Wason et Johnson, 1977 and Sudarikovina Spassky, 1951 from gerbils and ground squirrels from Africa, Southwest Asia and South Asia is clarified based on re-examination of type and voucher materials. The generic diagnosis of Sudarikovina is amended. The main corrections for diagnostic characters at the generic level include: irregularly-spaced transverse anastomoses of ventral osmoregulatory canals; presence of both specimens with dextral genital pores and specimens with sinistral genital pores; vagina clearly covered externally by a dense layer of intensely-stained cells; young uterus reticulate and fully-developed uterus with a labyrinthine structure. The previously proposed generic character of a minimum number of testes per proglottis of species of Sudarikovina is reduced to 3. The genus Paraoligorchis is recognized as a junior synonym of Sudarikovina. For the type species of Paraoligorchis, P. taterae Wason et Johnson, 1977, the replacement name Sudarikovina wasojohni nom. nov. is proposed, thus resolving the secondary homonymy of the transferred species and its senior homonym S. taterae Hunkeler, 1972. The validity of the tribe Sudarikovinini sensu Spassky (1991), to which Paraoligorchis and Sudarikovina had been attributed, cannot be resolved due the lack of molecular data. The cestode specimens from Shaw's jird, Meriones (Pallasiomys) shawi (Duvernoy) from Algeria and Tunisia, initially designated as Hymenolepis sp. by Joyeux (1923) and Hymenolepis procera Janicki, 1904 by Joyeux & Foley (1930), represent undescribed species of Sudarikovina, which are described in this study as Sudarikovina pentatesticulata sp. n. and S. tetratesticulata sp. n., respectively. The main diagnostic characters of the two new species, which distinguish them from their congeners, are the number and the size of the testes.

Sinolucanus nom. nov., a new replacement name for Xizangia Zhang, 1988 (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)

Xizangia Zhang, 1988 was established for Xizangia cryptonychus Zhang, 1988 (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). The generic name Xizangia, however, is a junior homonym of Xizangia Zhang, 1982 (Loftusiida: Orbitolinidae), and we propose a new replacement name, Sinolucanus nom. nov.

Papaver recircumscribed: A review of neighbouring Papaveraceae genera, including Afropapaver nom. et stat. nov. and Oreomecon, a large, Arctic-Alpine genus.

Papaveraceae tribus Papavereae includes an American and a mainly Eurasian group of genera. The latter is proposed here to include eight genera. Amongst these, the recently described genus Oreomecon is phylogenetically a sister group to Meconopsis, a genus from Himalaya and central China, which is reviewed here as including 95 species and 21 subspecies. By contrast, Oreomecon has a circumpolar northern alpine and Arctic distribution, including incompletely understood taxa, many threatened by climatic warming. Based on a review of literature and phylogenies, it is proposed here that Oreomecon includes 68 species and 29 subspecies. Oreomeconaurantiaca, O.cornwallisensis, O.keelei, O.ochotensis and O.uschakovii, 29 subspecies and four varieties are placed in Oreomecon here, 29 of these as recombinations, the remaining ones as nomenclatural novelties. A total of 21 existing Oreomecon names are placed into synonymy. The taxonomically challenging O.alpina group from Central Europe is treated as comprising three species, with the remaining entities positioned at the subspecies level pending further studies. The much-studied Nordic species O.radicata is treated with eight subspecies here, based on morphometric studies, whereas four accepted entities are provisionally recombined at the variety level. The name Papavertenellum and the basionyms of Oreomeconalborosea, O.alpinasubsp.corona-sancti-stephani, O.alpinasubsp.degenii, O.anomala, O.lapeyrouseanasubsp.endressii, O.lapponicasubsp.laestadiana and O.nivalis are lectotypified here. Two replacement names, Oreomeconalpinasubsp.markgrafiana and O.radicatasubsp.knabeniana, are introduced. Papaver, as currently understood, is recircumscribed here to represent four genera. The isolated sectionHorrida, from southern Africa, is raised to genus level with the new name Afropapaver and its only species is recombined as Afropapaveraculeatum. Papaversect.Californica from California and adjacent Mexico is treated as the genus Stylomecon. The name has been applied to one of the two species of this group and we now recombine the other one as S.crassifolia, based on an older basionym replacing Papavercalifornicum. Papavercambricum is accepted in its alternative position as the monotypic genus Parameconopsis. As reviewed here, Papaver comprises 59 species and 14 subspecies and is only the third-largest genus in the group. Based on the distribution of its closest relatives and oldest sections, it is hypothesised here that Papaver arose in the western Mediterranean. Its poricidal capsule dehiscence serves as an excellent adaptation to seed dispersal in open, arid environments, possibly explaining its later success in the Türkiye-Caucasus-Middle East area, where its diversity both at species and section level is highest.

Synonymic notes in the Southeast Asian genus Lutera Westwood, 1875 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)

To resolve the taxonomic confusion surrounding two Asian Rutelinae species, Lutera nigromaculata Ohaus, 1900 and L. nigrita Ohaus, 1930, all primary types of relevant taxa have been revisited. A redescription of L. nigromaculata is given, and diagnosis and color illustrations are provided for both L. nigromaculata and L. nigrita. Parastasia ohausi Chûjô, 1966 (new synonym), an unnecessary replacement name for and junior objective synonym of L. nigromaculata, was found in a neglected publication by the late Michio Chûjô. A lectotype is designated for L. nigromaculata guttata (Frey, 1970) (new synonym) which is recognized as another junior synonym of L. nigromaculata. All known distribution records of the two species are mapped, and L. nigromaculata is newly recorded from India and Vietnam. The exact location of “Lakhon” in Indo-China, which is currently Nakhon Phanom of Thailand, is also discussed.

Type catalogue of Hymenoptera (Insecta) housed in the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Cuba

A total of 26 holotypes and 125 paratypes of Hymenoptera housed in the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Cuba are catalogued. Original publications were reviewed to compile all accompanying information and verify the status of the material. Data on the specimens are provided, grouped by families, and holotypes were photographed, making them more accessible for study by the scientific community. In addition, as Camponotus taino Snelling & Torres, 1998 is an unresolved homonym of C. taino Fontenla, 1997, we propose Camponotus boriquen as a replacement name for the former.

Annotated checklist of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) from South America.

The diversity of Rubus in South America is much understudied and a taxonomic framework needs to be established as a basis for future revisionary and phylogenetic work. Our review identified 110 names based on South American specimens which were published since 1767. Each name was then classified according to its botanical description and type material. Additionally, where necessary, we suggest appropriate lecto-, neo-, or epitypes. A comprehensive list of synonyms is provided and representative herbarium specimens for each country are cited to tentatively document geographical range. In total, we accept 46 species of Rubus recorded across South America, propose 19 new synonyms, restore R.organensis, previously a synonym of R.brasiliensis, provide a replacement name for the latter, and include new country records of R.azuayensis, R.laegaardii and R.rusbyi. This checklist serves as an essential starting point for future monographic and evolutionary studies on Rubus in South America.

Taxonomic review of the genus Hampsonidia Inoue, 1958 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Acronictinae) with describing two new species from China

AbstractThe genus Hampsonidia Inoue, 1958 (objective replacement name for Hampsonia Kozhanchikov, 1950) was revised. Two new species are described from China: H. georgii Kiss sp. n. and H. rocinante Kiss & H.-L. Han sp. n. All species of the genus are illustrated by colour photos of adults and black-and-white genitalia photos, and in two species, both male and female last abdominal segments are illustrated. The male last abdominal segments of Herzinycta albonigra (Herz, 1904) and the female last abdominal segments of Draudtinycta tigniumbra (Draudt, 1937) are illustrated and described for the first time.

Checklists of extant harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones) species for all the countries of the world

This study presents a comprehensive survey of the extant diversity of harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones), a pivotal taxon for biogeography and conservation studies, across Earth's geopolitical entities (here treated as "countries"). The rationale for recognizing more than 200 of these countries lato sensu worldwide is provided. The four most diverse of these countries are here further subdivided in states/provinces resulting in over 300 controlled vocabulary terms (geographic areas that contain harvestman records). These terms have been tagged to over 6900 species/subspecies of Opiliones, resulting in the generation of over 10,000 records. Checklists aiming for exhaustiveness are presented for valid extant Opiliones species/subspecies in each of these geographic areas, as documented in the World Catalogue of Opiliones (WCO) project, and geo maps are included to visually depict the distribution density of known species. Notably, this work marks the first-ever presentation of such checklists in the taxonomic literature for several countries, notably India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Philippines. Brazil emerges as the most diverse country for harvestmen, with more than 1000 species, followed by Venezuela, Indonesia, and the United States, each hosting over 300 species. Checklists are individually provided for each state/province in these four countries. Elusive yet valid species are listed separately in their own section of nomina dubia, not entering the countries lists. Leiobunum rotundum argentatum Franganillo, 1926, is here elevated to Leiobunum argentatum Franganillo, 1926 new rank. Paropilio spinipes Roewer, 1956, is considered a junior subjective synonym of Opilio cirtanus C.L. Koch, 1839 syn. nov., Lacinius longisetus (Thorell, 1876) is considered a junior subjective synonym of Lacinius horridus (Panzer, 1794) syn. nov. The combination Rhopalocranaus hickmanni Caporiacco, 1951, is reinstated after this species appeared as Cranaus hickmanni in the literature. Some nomenclatural changes are established as a consequence of homonymy: (a) Paranemastoma graecum (Giltay, 1932) comb. nov. is the correct name for Nemastoma simplex Giltay, 1932 (currently combined as Paranemastoma simplex), a junior primary homonym of Nemastoma bacilliferum simplex Simon, 1913; (b) Belemulus annulatus remains permanently invalid as a junior secondary homonym replaced before 1961, so the replacement name to be used is Belemulus roeweri (Soares & Soares, 1948) comb. nov.; (c) Isaeus mexicanus Sørensen, 1932, must be reinstated as a species-group name rejected after 1960 due to secondary homonymy with Haehnelia mexicana Roewer, 1915; (d) Paranemastoma roeweri Staręga, 1978 is the correct name for Nemastoma redikorzevi Roewer, 1951, a junior primary homonym of Nemastoma redikorzevi Kharitonov, 1946; (e) the new name Neocynorta lanegra nom. nov. is proposed for Neocynorta lata (González-Sponga, 1992), originally Cynorta lata, which is a primary homonym of Cynorta lata Banks, 1909, currently in the genus Eucynortula; (f) the new name Neocynorta electrigena nom. nov. is proposed for Neocynorta punctata (González-Sponga, 2003), originally Paecilaema punctata, which is a primary homonym of Paecilaema punctata Sørensen, 1932, currently in the genus Anduzeia.

PALEOZOIC FORAMINIFERA: CURRENT STATE OF THE CLASSIFICATION AND PERSPECTIVES

An updated classification of Paleozoic foraminifera is proposed, consisting of three classes. Calcareous Paleozoic foraminifera are mainly included in the class Fusulinata but also represented in the classes Miliolata and Nodosariata. The current classification includes in the Fusulinata: 2 subclasses, 5 orders, 25 superfamilies, 65 families, 51 subfamilies, 572 genera, 14 subgenera, in the Miliolata: 1 order, 2 suborders, 2 superfamilies, 8 families, 9 subfamilies, 89 genera, and in the Nodosariata: 1 order, 2 superfamilies, 10 families, 2 subfamilies, 56 genera. Three other classes remain elusive: Allogromiata, Astrorhizata, and Textulariata. Four new replacement names are introduced: Leveniranella pro Iranella Leven in Leven and Vaziri Mohaddam, 2004, Tianshanellites pro Triticites (Tianshanella) Da in Da & Sun, 1983, Gublerites pro Gublerina Minato & Honjo, 1959 and Qinglongella pro Qinglongia Zhang & Dong in Xiao et al., 1986. The family Globoendothyridae is formally described as new.

Two new genus-group replacement names of Riodinidae from Asia (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea, Riodinidae)

Two new replacement names for two genus-group taxa are proposed: Spitosa Espeland, Huang & Inayoshi, nom. nov. for Sospita Hewitson, 1861 and Sibosia Espeland, Huang & Inayoshi, nom. nov. for Sosibia Fruhstorfer, 1914. Both taxa are compared with Abisara C. Felder & R. Felder, 1860. The adult and genitalia of the type species of Spitosa, Sibosia and Abisara are illustrated and compared. Checklists for Spitosa and Sibosia are provided.

Catalogue of the Uropodina species (Acari: Mesostigmata) described between 1993 and 2023

AbstractAll described Uropodina species (351) are listed from the last 30 years with the original occurrences. On continent level, the most of the described species are from Asia (121), from Central and South America (87) and from Africa (79). On country level, the most species were described from Ecuador (21), Vietnam (21), Kenya (18), Thailand (16), Costa Rica (15), China (14), Slovakia (14), Malaysia (14), Madagascar (14), Brazil (13), Indonesia (11), India (10) and Peru (10) and nine or fewer species were described from the other countries in the last 30 years. Trichouropoda pocsi Kontschán, 2004 (Comoro Islands) is a junior homonymous name of Trichouropoda pocsi Hirschmann & Wisniewski, 1987. The new replacement name for the T. pocsi Kontschán, 2004 is Trichouropoda pocstamasi nom. nov.

Taxonomic notes and nomenclatural corrections in Crustacea: Isopoda (exclusive of Oniscidea)

During a review of all isopod taxa (exclusive of Oniscidea), nomenclatural and taxonomic issues were found that need correction or detailed explanation. Herein, details are provided on five unreplaced species/subspecies homonyms, corrections to authorship and/or date for six genera, two families/subfamilies and 11 species, three unavailable names for subfamilies, 22 corrections to the spelling of specific names to conform to the gender of their respective genera, two junior homonyms that are replaced, and one genus that is validated herein. The history of Ianthe Bovallius, 1881 and its numerous replacement names, Brongniartia Eights, 1833, and Ceratoserolis Brandt, 1988 are discussed, a type species is selected for Vireia Viré, 1903, and Epicepon is validated as a genus name.

Merging the genus Tomentella with Thelephora (Fungi, Thelephorales)

In this article we merge the genus Tomentella with Thelephora. As a result, 191 new combinations are made and 24 nomina nova are created. In addition, one new combination of Tomentellopsis and Polyozellus species are made, respectively.

Medvedevittella nom. nov., a replacement for Gressittella Medvedev, 2009 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

The genus Gressittella belonging to the subfamily Eumolpinae Hope, 1840 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), was established by Medvedev (2009), however, the name Gressittella Medvedev, 2009, is preoccupied by a leafhopper genus of the tribe Penthimiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) based on the type species Gressittella bella Evans, 1972. Thus, following article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999), Medvedevittella nom. nov., a new replacement name for the genus Gressittella Medvedev, 2009 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is proposed, and this results in four new combinations: Medvedevittella riedeli (Medvedev, 2009) comb. nov., Medvedevittella obscura (Medvedev, 2009) comb. nov., Medvedevittella laevis (Medvedev, 2009) comb. nov. and Medvedevittella foveipennis (Bryant, 1950) comb. nov., for the species currently included in this genus.

Conservation of Coluber lanceolatus as the valid name of the Martinique fer-de-lance (no matter who its author is)

The fer-de-lance of Martinique is a pitviper of medical importance and conservation concern. It was described by La Cepède in 1789 as Coluber lanceolatus but as a result of a ruling of the Commission (Opinion 1463) this nomen is unavailable. Although a proposed new use of the Plenary Power by the Commission could restore the availability of Coluber lanceolatus La Cepède, 1789, this possibility remains hypothetical and under the Code-compliant interpretation, C. lanceolatus was made available by Bonnaterre in 1790 who proposed a homonymous poieonym. Coluber lanceolatus, which, as Bothrops lanceolatus, is currently universally accepted as the valid nomen of the fer-de-lance, is at risk because of the existence of two older nomina that apply to this taxon, Vipera cærulescens Laurenti, 1768 and its replacement name Coluber glaucus Gmelin, 1789. Consequently, we here provide the evidence necessary to demonstrate that Vipera cærulescens and Coluber glaucus are nomina oblita and to designate Coluber lanceolatus, under both the current proposed interpretations of its authorship, as a nomen protectum. Coluber lanceolatus Bonnaterre, 1790 has precedence over Coluber brasiliensis and C. tigrinus, two nomina with which it is considered synonymous and which were made available in the same work. However, precedence was established as a result of determination by the First Reviser only as recently as 2021. The case of Bothrops lanceolatus highlights that even well-established and widely accepted nomina may be potentially vulnerable to destabilisation by long-forgotten synonyms and illustrates the particular nomenclatural complications that can arise from valid Bonnaterre nomina that are homonymous with long-used but now unavailable La Cepède names.

Plastid phylogenomics with broad taxon sampling provides insights into the generic delimitation of Paraphlomideae (Lamiaceae)

AbstractParaphlomideae (Lamioideae, Lamiaceae) is a recently established tribe endemic to East and Southeast Asia. It comprises three herbaceous genera: Paraphlomis, Matsumurella, and Ajugoides. Phylogenetic relationships among these genera have not yet been satisfactorily resolved and the monophyly of Paraphlomis was challenged in previous molecular phylogenetic studies. In this study, we performed maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses on complete plastomes and nuclear ribosomal internal and external transcribed spacer sequences to further resolve the generic relationships within Paraphlomideae. All phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly of Paraphlomideae. Contrary to traditional classifications, both Ajugoides and Matsumurella were deeply nested within Paraphlomis, indicating the need to expand Paraphlomis to include Ajugoides and Matsumurella. Hence, six new combinations and one replacement name are proposed. Morphologically, species of the newly defined Paraphlomis share a rhizomatous or stoloniferous habit, plants with simple hairs, nutlets with a truncate apex, and actinomorphic calyces. In addition, widespread incongruence between nuclear and plastid trees may have been caused by hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting after rapid diversification in the re‐circumscribed Paraphlomis.

Request for an Opinion: conservation of the illegitimate prokaryotic generic name Proteus Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980).

The prokaryotic generic name Proteus Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980) is a later homonym of the protozoan genus name Proteus Müller, 1786 and therefore should be considered illegitimate and in need of replacement according to Rules 51b(4) and 54 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. However, it would be unwelcome for medical and veterinary community to propose by anyone any replacement name and discontinue the current usage. To prevent from any unfavourable replacement, conservation of the illegitimate prokaryotic generic name Proteus Hauser 1885 (Approved Lists 1980) according to Rules 23a Note 4 and 56b is needed, and therefore, a request for conservation by the Judicial Commission over its earlier protozoan homonym is made here by the author, with Judicial Opinions 9 and 12 serving as precedents.

A new species of Keratodegnathus Pace in Indonesia (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)

The genus Keratodegnathus Pace includes two species known to occur in Malaysia (Sabah and Pahang). A third species, Keratodegnathus javanicus sp. n. is described, based on a female specimen from Indonesia (West Java Province). As the morphology of Keratodegnathus was previously inadequately described, a detailed scanning electron microscopy examination was carried out to characterize the new species. Keratodegnathus mirabilis Pace, 2014 was transferred by Assing to Orphnebius Motschulsky, resulting in a secondary homonymy with Orphnebius mirabilis (Bernhauer, 1911). Orphnebius mirabilides nom. n. is proposed as a replacement name for Orphnebius mirabilis (Pace).

Campomanesia lorenziana as a replacement name for Abbevillea langsdorffii (Myrtaceae), a rare and endemic fruiting species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Campomanesia lorenziana as a replacement name for Abbevillea langsdorffii (Myrtaceae), a rare and endemic fruiting species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Kewenangan Partai Politik dalam Mengusulkan Pemberhentian dan Penggantian Antar Waktu Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (Studi Kasus Pemberhentian Nofrizon Sebagai Anggota DPRD Sumbar 2019-2024)

On April 27 2023, the Democratic Party DPP issued DPP Decree No. 104/SK/DPP.PD/IV/2023 concerning the Dismissal of Democratic Party Members. Nofrizon was terminated because he violated Organizational Regulation Number 01/PO/DPP.PD/VII/2019 Article 5 Paragraph 4 that Democratic Party members are obliged to obey and carry out the decisions of the faction leadership without exception. Then, through a letter from the Democratic Party of West Sumatra Province DPD No.12/ext/DPD.PD/SB/V/2023, dated 29 May 2023, the Democratic Party stated that Mr. Nofrizon had been permanently terminated as a member of the Democratic Party and proposed an interim replacement (PAW ) Member of the West Sumatra Province DPRD from the Democratic Party Fraction for the 2019-2024 period. The legal basis used as a process for the temporary termination and placement of West Sumatra Province DPRD members is Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government Article 139 Paragraph (2) DPRD members are dismissed from time to time for reasons as specified in letters e, h and i as following e. Proposed by the political party in accordance with the provisions of the statutory regulations, h. Dismissed from being a member of the political party in accordance with the provisions of the statutory regulations; and I. Become a member of another Political Party. To answer this problem, it is necessary to formulate it into three problem formulations. First, what is the process for the interim termination of DPRD members? Second, what is the interim placement process for DPRD members? Third, what is the authority of political parties in promising the dismissal and temporary placement of DPRD members? This research is a type of legal research using a sociological juridical legal research approach. The results of this research show that the temporary dismissal of DPRD members due to such termination can be carried out through a decision of the Honorary Board and/or through a proposal from a political party. Bro. Nofrizon, S. Sos was temporarily dismissed as a member of the West Sumatra Province DPRD from the Democratic Fraction. This interim suspension was at the suggestion of the Political Party (Democratic Party) due to a change of party and not a personal resignation, through the Democratic Party DPP decision letter No.104/SK/DPP.PD/V/2023. The interim replacement process for Provincial DPRD members cannot be separated from the process of dismissal of DPRD members which occurs first. Political parties have the authority to stop the temporary dismissal of DPRD members, but the process of guaranteeing candidates for interim replacement names for Provincial DPRD members is the attributive authority of the Provincial KPU.