Renowned University Research Articles

Interplay of mindfulness, psychological empowerment and ostracism: an empirical study in the university setting

PurposeThe objective of this research is to examine the connections between mindfulness, psychological empowerment and the manifestation of ostracism in the workplace, particularly instigated ostracism, among university professors.Design/methodology/approachThe study relies on data from 746 professors from a renowned university located in northern India. The researchers utilized pre-established scales to measure latent variables, and a seven-point Likert scale for evaluation purposes. The data were analyzed using PLS-SEM.FindingsThe results indicate a positive correlation between mindfulness and psychological empowerment, explaining 42.20% of its variance. Additionally, a negative correlation between psychological empowerment and workplace ostracism is observed, accounting for 1.70% and 5.20% of their variances, respectively. These findings suggest associations but do not imply causality, highlighting the need for further research to explore these relationships.Research limitations/implicationsIts focus on university professors limits the study’s insights from a specific region, potentially affecting the findings' generalizability. Future research should encompass a broader demographic and geographic range to enhance the applicability and relevance of the results across diverse academic contexts.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting a correlation between mindfulness and perceived psychological empowerment among university professors. It also suggests a potential association between psychological empowerment and reduced perceptions of the workplace and instigated ostracism. These preliminary findings, while not indicative of causality, could inform future research and the development of policies promoting mindfulness and empowerment in academic environments.Originality/valueThis study examines the correlations between mindfulness, psychological empowerment and ostracism within academic settings. It uniquely highlights the positive correlation between mindfulness and psychological empowerment and how this relates to reduced perceptions of workplace ostracism among university faculty. These findings suggest that universities could enhance work environments by focusing on these areas, potentially enriching higher education management practices.

Towards the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education, Challenges and Opportunities: The African Context, a Case of Zimbabwe.

This paper seeks to address the challenges of underdevelopment bedeviling the African continent in general and Zimbabwe in particular on the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher education. Universities in Africa have over the years produced many graduates in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) related learning areas but continue to grapple with underdevelopment both economically and intellectually. Part of the problem has been identified as a lack of quality in the education system that is not able to produce graduates with adequate 21st-century skills for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to fulfil the Global Agenda 2030. Achieving this is possible if Africa moves a step forward and embraces modern technologies like the integration of AI in her education system. A technologically astute graduate would be able to apply their knowledge in achieving the much-needed sustainable economic development. This article highlights how the implementation of AI in higher education can foster a turnaround in Africa’s education systems and lead to industrialisation and innovation. Pivotal aspects of AI like the Turing machine test, cloud computing, big data, and machine learning are explored in an attempt to add value to the current education discourse. This study is situated in the interpretive paradigm, the qualitative approach was employed to gather data using several methods like e-questionnaires (open-ended), document analysis, and review of journals and other academic publications. Purposive sampling of STEM educators from a renowned university in Zimbabwe was undertaken to gather information on the ground and the data was thematically analysed. The article argues that Africa has the potential to be a leader in Industrialization and commerce should the continent fully embrace AI in higher education.

Teachers' Attitudes towards Incorporating Martial Arts in Physical Education and its Influence in Students’ Cultural Awareness

It is vital to promote Chinese culture and values through martial arts education, and the curriculum should reflect this cultural history. With this in mind, the research will seeks to investigate perception of Physical Education teachers on Martial Arts Education and its cultural awareness of the students. taking into consideration diverse sociocultural backgrounds and beliefs. This study used a quantitative-comparative-correlational research design, which combined quantitative research, comparative research, and correlational research to examine the attitudes of Physical Education teachers (PE) towards Martial Arts Education and the cultural awareness of students. 70 PE teachers were selected to participate at a renowned university in Beijing, China. Physical education teachers generally have positive attitudes towards martial arts education, focusing on beliefs, engagement, and social norms. However, some teachers express less confidence, suggesting opportunities for professional development. Cultural awareness among martial arts students is high, with teachers encouraging understanding and respect. A weak negative correlation exists between attitudes and socio-cultural awareness.

Faculty perception of online education: considerations for the post-pandemic world

In the post-COVID era, academic institutions adapted curricula, utilizing aspects of the online delivery in full or partially. Consequently, this research focuses on identifying the factors that influence faculty perceptions of effective online delivery in higher education and comparing them with students’ perceptions. The study involves semi-structured interviews with 15 faculty members at a renowned university to gain insights into their online teaching experiences during the pandemic. Additionally, 51 faculty members participated in a survey using the Relative Importance Index (RII) method to determine the most significant practices impacting online delivery. The results indicate that the most concerning factor for faculty during online delivery is facilitating students’ engagement and interactions in class, with an RII of 0.94. Controlling academic dishonesty during assessments receives a relatively lower concern with an RII of 0.67. Making lectures interactive is identified as the most challenging practice for faculty. Comparing the findings with students’ perceptions based on previous studies, both groups emphasize the significance of effective communication, interaction, and the use of technology. Faculty prioritize the delivery and organization of lectures, while students focus on engagement and interactive elements. Faculty value organization and relevance in assignments, while students emphasize instructor qualities and responsiveness.

Unveiling the Sway of Marketing Mix on Student Decisions: A Study on Higher Learning Institutions


 
 
 
 
 
 This research delves into the pivotal process of student decision-making within higher learning institutions, focusing on the dynamic interplay of marketing mix services encompassing product, price, promotion, and place. Through an analysis of alumni and current student cohorts at a prominent university, this study empirically demonstrates the profound influence exerted by product quality, strategic promotion, and favorable institutional positioning on students' selection choices. Notably, while price emerges as a comparatively weaker determinant, the collective impact of product, place, and promotion proves instrumental in shaping prospective students' decisions. These findings illuminate the complex landscape of student preferences, offering valuable insights for crafting targeted marketing strategies that effectively guide students' educational trajectories.
 Highlight:
 
 Influence of Marketing Mix Dynamics: This study examines the interaction of product, price, promotion, and place in shaping student decisions within higher learning institutions, revealing their collective impact on choice.
 Empirical Insights: Analysis of alumni and current students from a renowned university highlights the significant sway of product quality, strategic promotion, and favorable institutional positioning on student selection choices.
 Role of Price in Decision-making: While price emerges as a less potent factor, the study underscores the pivotal role played by the interplay between product, place, and promotion in molding the educational preferences of prospective students.
 
 Keyword: Student Decision-Making, Higher Learning Institutions, Marketing Mix Services, Product Quality, Strategic Promotion
 
 
 
 
 

Demystifying the effectiveness of emergency remote teaching during global pandemic: Evidence from India

Given the adverse impacts of the global pandemic COVID-19 on higher educational institutions worldwide, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of emergency remote teaching (ERT), especially in the developing country context, India. In addition, this study investigates the antecedents and consequences of academic performance and explores social media use as a moderator in these relationships. A carefully crafted survey instrument was distributed. Data was collected from 719 respondents from the affiliated arts and science college of a renowned university in southern India. After checking the psychometric properties of the constructs using the Smart Partial Least Squares (Smart-PLS) of structural equation modelling, and hierarchical regression was used to test the hypothesized relationships. The results of this research indicate that course content, instructor-learner interaction, and student expectation are positively associated with academic performance; social media use moderate the relationship between (i) course content and academic performance, (ii) student expectation and academic performance, and (iii) learning platforms and academic performance. The results also support the positive relationship between academic performance and students’ satisfaction with ERT.

Capitalizing on inequalities to build a sound partnership: The story of SISSTEM, an international collaboration between a continental and a small island state university

TThe literature on north-south inter-university collaborations emphasizes on the need for equality amongst partners when aiming to develop successful and sustainable partnerships. However, universities in the north usually differ largely from their counterparts in the south in terms of amongst others access to resources and scale and are therefore often inherently unequal. This is especially true when a large-scale renowned university in Europe, like KU Leuven, establishes a partnership with a young small-scale university located on a small island state, like the University of Aruba, in establishing a new education and research institute in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics). In this paper, we investigate how an equal and sustainable partnership between these institutes is established, not despite these inequalities but precisely by recognizing and capitalizing on their inequalities. Based on an explorative case study analysis using semi-structured interviews, we aim to contribute to the literature by reporting on this continental-small island state inter-university partnership and by providing insight into the broader critical drivers and challenges of the partnership.

Application of the Classification Algorithms on the Prediction of Student’s Academic Performance

Measuring student performance based on both qualitative and quantitative factors is essential because many undergraduate students could not be able to complete their degree in the recent past. The first-year result of a student is very important because in the majority of cases this drives the students to be either motivated or demotivated. So, the first-year student performance of a renowned university in Bangladesh is investigated in this paper. This research is mainly based on finding the factors for students’ different types of results and then predicting students’ performance based on those 11 significant factors. For this purpose, 2 popular supervised machine learning algorithms have been used for classifying students’ different levels of results and predicting students’ performances, those are support vector machines (SVM) classifier and random forest classifier (RFC) which are tremendously used in classification and regression analysis. The input dataset for both training and testing were taken by merging the values obtained from 2 surveys done on students and experts using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy interference system (ANFIS). RF has outperformed SVM in predicting students’ performances. According to factor analysis, students’ effort (Factor-11) is the significant factor. This proposed model can also be applied to predict course-wise students’ performances and its precision can also be greatly improved by adding new factors.
 HIGHLIGHTS
 
 Identify the significant factors responsible for students’ different levels of performances
 Apply two machine learning algorithms to classify students’ results based on the factors
 Analyze the results obtained from the methods
 Compare the accuracy, and find the top five factors responsible for students’ academic results

An Evaluation Of The Quality Of Premier Universities' Services And Facilities In Malaysia

Education has a critical role in realizing Malaysia's aspirations to be a developed country in the world. Empirical research was completed to evaluate and assess the fundamental aspects of the quality of services and facilities of premier universities (world-ranked) in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, particularly in terms of non-academic aspects, academic aspects, reliability/access, empathy/understanding, reputation, and program issues. This research employed Firdaus Abdullah (2006) Higher Education Performance (HedPerf) instrument because service quality has a substantial influence on student satisfaction. The survey involved 1440 respondents, consisting of university students who were approached randomly at various faculties at two world-ranked public universities and two world-ranked private universities. This research found that university students were extremely satisfied with academic concerns and a university's strong reputation. Students were pleased with the quality of academic courses and programs, as well as the academic staff's positive attitude and work habits. This is the main deciding factor for both domestic and foreign students when selecting a renowned university. Academic supporting services, career counseling services, dean of student services, testing grading system, course content, instruction, university attitudes toward students, offering a diverse range of courses, and class size were the areas of students' needs and satisfaction. Quality of services and facilities is a extremely important factor for internationalization, global competition, and the future sustainability of a university.

New approaches to Asian Studies

Asia plays a key role in recent world with its notable demonstration of rapid economic development. Asian Studies is a major discipline of Area Studies today. The formal study of Asia began in the West. The West created the study of Oriental Studies from centuries ago and served to shape the political policy of the Western monarchies. In today's world, the Oriental Studies is evolving into Asian Studies and becoming one field of Area Studies. Asian Studies dominated not only by Westerners, but also by Easterners themselves. Asian Studies in Mongolia with half century history has developed in line with the development trends of Asian Studies in the world. The new approach to Asian Studies is introduced on the renowned university platforms in recent years and the report offers our suggestions on Asian Studies with main objectives of how to focus the research and how it can be developed.

International connectivity and employability in Cambodian higher education: a case study of developing employability skills in English language education

ABSTRACT Building employability skills in Cambodia is emphasised in the development of higher education within the globalisation context. Given that English proficiency has increasingly become an important credential in the more internationalised Cambodian labour market, this paper examines the development and revision of an English language education programme at a renowned university in Phnom Penh to exemplify how an emphasis on employability skills development emerges with the global trends in curriculum in Cambodian higher education. It also discusses how revisions are made in response to the changing national context and how corresponding changes in pedagogical strategy appear at the institutional and classroom levels. This discussion documents and analyses the interplay between curriculum development and changes at global, national, and institutional levels in Cambodia – a fast-growing country that actively engages with globalisation and regionalisation.

From the Periphery to the Center: Young People's Agonistic Pathways Towards Higher Education

The present research analyzes the mobilities of young people from the periphery of Rio de Janeiro towards a renowned university situated in a central region of the city. Focusing on a case study with four students, we carried out an in-depth investigation of the dynamics of their professional trajectories. Their personal identifications and values, their future career expectations and the pressures and the demands of attending such a university were investigated. Three focus groups meetings were organized with these students. The results show that the displacement from home to the university, social and racial segregation, and arduous academic demands are factors that pose enormous difficulties to these students and require intense psychological work on their part to persist in their educational investment. Intense conflicts with regards to living up to their ideals characterize an agonistic pathway in their educational endeavor. On the other hand, the prestige of the university, family influence and the belief in upward social mobility were found to support these young people’s decision not to give up. This contradictory dynamic, riddled with uncertainties, mobilizes these young people to find a way to permanently renovate their personal stakes in higher education.

Collaborative Learning Quality Classification Through Physiological Synchrony Recorded by Wearable Biosensors.

Interpersonal physiological synchrony has been consistently found during collaborative tasks. However, few studies have applied synchrony to predict collaborative learning quality in real classroom. To explore the relationship between interpersonal physiological synchrony and collaborative learning activities, this study collected electrodermal activity (EDA) and heart rate (HR) during naturalistic class sessions and compared the physiological synchrony between independent task and group discussion task. The students were recruited from a renowned university in China. Since each student learn differently and not everyone prefers collaborative learning, participants were sorted into collaboration and independent dyads based on their collaborative behaviors before data analysis. The result showed that, during group discussions, high collaboration pairs produced significantly higher synchrony than low collaboration dyads (p = 0.010). Given the equivalent engagement level during independent and collaborative tasks, the difference of physiological synchrony between high and low collaboration dyads was triggered by collaboration quality. Building upon this result, the classification analysis was conducted, indicating that EDA synchrony can identify different levels of collaboration quality (AUC = 0.767 and p = 0.015).

Trends in dental-related visits to a tertiary hospital emergency department in Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Emergency medicine department visits for odontalgia, related to traumatic and non traumatic dental events has seen a shift towards increase in cases. Emergency departments provide palliative care especially for the non traumatic dental injuries Aims: To explore the trends of emergency department (ED) visits for dental-related conditions in Saudi Arabia. The study also aimed to analyze visit management patterns, including procedures, prescriptions, and recall visits. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective observational study was done using simple random sampling on dental emergency visit data to the ED at hospitals under renowned university of health sciences in Riyadh and Al-Ahsa between January 2016 and May 2019. Results and Discussion: A total of 5050 charts were included. An increase in dental emergency visits was observed between 2016 and 2017. Pulpal and periapical lesions were the most frequently diagnosed conditions every year (53.83% of all dental-related ED visits), and traumatic injuries were the least frequently (6.37%) diagnosed condition. Conclusion: Dental-related visits to EDs in Saudi Arabia increased remarkably from 2016 to 2019. Pulpal and periapical conditions were the most frequent cause of dental-related ED visits. To ensure better use of ED time and resources, it is imperative to raise public awareness of what types of urgent dental conditions require an ED visit, as well as to increase the number of public health unit dental clinics and their ease of access.

Eurachem Week 2019 at Tartu (Estonia).

The Eurachem Week 2019 took place from May 20th to 24th, at Tartu, Estonia. The hanseatic city is home of the nation's oldest and most renowned university, the University of Tartu. It is often considered the intellectual centre of the country. Each year a member state of Eurachem organizes the event. The organizers propose a topic for the two-day workshop from May 20th to May 21st. The Estonian colleagues had chosen 'Validation of targeted and non-targeted methods of analysis' as the topic of the workshop. On May 22nd to May 24th the Eurachem working groups, the Executive Committee and the General Assembly of the delegates of the member countries held their meetings.

Daytime sleepiness among Omani Nursing Students: Estimate of its determinants and impact on perceived stress

ObjectivesThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of daytime sleepiness among Omani Nursing Students; determine statistical linking between the personal, academic and sleep related variables of the Omani Nursing Students and their daytime sleepiness scores; and appraise the correlation between the Omani Nursing Students’ daytime sleepiness scores and perceived stress scores. MethodsA cross-sectional research design was employed. The Bachelor of Science nursing students, with an active registration status from a renowned university in Oman were included in the study. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to assess daytime sleepiness and stress index, respectively. Descriptive statistics, the independent ‘t’ test, and ANOVA were used to summarize the data. ResultsThe prevalence of daytime sleepiness was 57.4% (ESS > 10). Severe excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS > 16) was estimated at 12%. The nursing students’ ESS scores were significantly associated with use of stimulants, program study track, cohort, previous semester GPA, and sleep hours on the day before examination. A weak positive correlation was found between ESS scores and PSS scores. ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of daytime sleepiness among Omani nursing students. There is a need for awareness programs to address daytime sleepiness. Activation of universal preventive programs on sleep hygiene, and healthy sleeping habits among nursing students is to be initiated.

The Privileged Poor: How Elite Colleges are Failing Disadvantaged Students by Anthony Abraham Jack

Reviewed by: The Privileged Poor: How Elite Colleges are Failing Disadvantaged Students by Anthony Abraham Jack Sabrina Thomas The Privileged Poor: How Elite Colleges are Failing Disadvantaged Students Anthony Abraham Jack Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2019, 288 pages, $27.95 (hardcover) Anthony Jack shines a spotlight on the undergraduate experience of low-income students attending our nation’s most selective universities. In the introductory chapter, he summarizes past research related to the demographic distribution of college students. He acknowledges that “no-loan financial aid” packages increase low-income students’ access to higher education generally and allow elite universities to recruit some of the most gifted low-income students. Jack argues recruitment practices of affluent universities prioritize low-income students from preparatory high schools, but once matriculated, their distinction is cloaked by an assumption of homogeneity among all low-income students. Based on interview data from 76 low-income students attending an elite university, alias “Renowned University,” Jack reaches a broad conclusion that “not all poor students experience these places in the same way” (p. 29). He specifically argues that the distinct educational pathways by which talented low-income students come to campus inform their ability to negotiate key aspects of university life. He distinguishes between the Privileged [End Page 263] Poor, students who attend affluent preparatory high schools, and the Doubly Disadvantaged, students who attend unevenly resourced public high schools. He is transparent that his own educational narrative assigns him to the former group, and he explicitly states one of his primary aims is “to introduce readers to the Privileged Poor, a group of students that has been largely overlooked and to compare their experiences with those of the Doubly Disadvantaged” (p.21). Jack also argues that the way university policies and norms engage low-income students undermines the quality of their undergraduate experience. This book consists of five chapters with chapters 1 through 3 residing between an introduction and conclusion. In the Appendix, Jack provides a detailed account of his subjects, methodology, various conceptual points of discussion, and his emotional struggles throughout the project. In chapters 1 and 2, Jack shares students’ responses to questions related to their transition to college. He compares how the Privileged Poor and the Doubly Disadvantaged negotiate conventions of social engagement and academic expectations at Renowned. Chapter 1 focuses on peer interactions and general feelings of belonging. Chapter 2 concerns their interactions with and perceptions of faculty and other college officials. Following these responses, he explains that there has been a “lumping” of low-income students based on a presumption that all lack “cultural capital—a result of not having grown up in middle-class homes with middle-class norms” (p. 81). A lack of cultural capital makes their transition to college taxing and undermines their social and emotional well-being. The stories of the Privileged Poor indicate that an affluent high school experience bolsters students’ acquisition of college-bound competencies—cultural capital—despite social class. Jack laments that by focusing on students’ family attributes, “researchers have downplayed the socializing force of high schools as well as the starkly different experiences of different groups of poor students” (p. 82). He challenges university administration and faculty to take a more nuanced looked at low-income students to understand a diverse population with distinct needs. In chapter 3, Jack shares students’ stories related to larger institutional engagement, highlighting the shared challenges of the Privileged Poor and the Doubly Disadvantaged. He describes how elite universities have policies and practices that disproportionately burden low-income students and exacerbate their marginalization. Because these experiences are imposed by larger institutional norms, as opposed to negotiations at the interpersonal level, he refers to them as “processes of structural exclusion” (p. 23). Jack describes the effect of two specific programs at Renowned then addresses a universal college phenomenon: spring break. At Renowned, all cafeterias close during the intersession. Wealthier students who remain on campus have economic agency to frequent off-campus eateries, while low-income students experience food insecurity. Jack highlights the fact that the acumen of the Privileged Poor to negotiate interpersonal and academic relationships does not absolve them from the reality of being poor. Like their Doubly Disadvantaged peers...

Assessing the effect of university brand personality and attitude towards donation on alumni donor behavioural intention: Malaysian perspective

This study attempts to examine the relationship between university brand personality on intention to donate among Millennials alumni from one of renowned management-based university in Malaysia. Besides, alumni attitude towards donation is integrated in the model as a mediator to understand alumni willingness to donate to their alma mater. A quantitative survey among 311 Millennials alumni found that university brand personality significantly influenced alumni willingness to donate to their alma mater. Attitude towards donation fully mediate the relationship between university brand personality and Millennials alumni donor behavioural intention. Besides, theoretical implication and recommendation for university management is discussed at the end of this paper.

Relationship between New Network Media and Development of University Students from the Perspective of Higher Education in China—Taking a Renowned University in China as an Example

Network media has become a new normal under new environment in this innovative age, and new network media has been applied to higher education. Taking a Renowned University in China as an Example, author used the basis of developmental psychology theory, summarized new characteristics of new network media and university student’s development, and stated the response from and development of higher education, brought forth new ideas of the relationship between new network media and development of university students.

Whom to Trust When Sick?

A21 -year-old hardworking student from Xidian University in Xi'an, Wei Zexi MJffi, has been at the centre of public discussion since his death in April 2016. When diagnosed with end-stage synovial sarcoma back in 2014, Wei and his family searched for more information on ways to treat the seemingly incurable disease. Baidu, the largest Internet search engine in China, naturally became a useful channel for information. The family's search on Baidu linked them to the Second Hospital of Beijing Armed Police Corps, ranked a Grade A tertiary (sanji jiadeng ^^), the highest ranking in the Chinese hospital classification scheme. Wei and his family were assured by a doctor at the hospital that there was a very high chance of saving Wei's life after rounds of medical treatment called cellular immunotherapy. The doctor's indication of collaboration with Stanford University in the United States further raised the hope of Wei's family. However, the treatment also put the family in massive debt with its extraordinary cost. When Wei's medical condition deteriorated, the doctor in charge revoked his previous claims about the success rate of the treatment and was found to have lied about collaboration with the renowned university. Wei and his family felt deceived by the hospital as well as Baidu. Before his death, Wei posted a long article on the Internet in February 2016, blaming Baidu for doing evil with its information rank bidding service jingjia paiming%and expressing his grievance against the hospital and the doctor in charge without revealing their names.® When he passed away on 12 April, his tragic story stirred up a huge public outcry on media originating with the question-and-answer platform Zhihu £p^. Public concern over the death of Wei Zexi was enormous, with 370 million people having read about the case on the media platform Weibo as of 7 May.® Initially, heavy criticism was directed towards Baidu. State-run media such as People's Daily and China Daily criticised Baidu for a business model lacking in social responsibility and made a general call for improvements in state regulation.® Baidu's commercial competitors also joined this round of attack on Baidu.(4)The Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), however, soon caused the case to die down on 4 May by urging related media to delete posts that take the opportunity to attack the Party, the Government, the medical system, and the system. Some news articles covering the scandal about the military hospital could no longer be read from then on.®Meanwhile, various government departments took action to ease public discontent in early May. The Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), and State Administration for Industry and Commerce (SAIC) launched a joint investigation into Baidu on 2 May, followed by state directives demanding a re-organisation of Baidu's search page and modification of its information rank bidding service.®The NHFPC and Central Military Commission (CMC) also looked into the operation of the Second Hospital of Beijing Armed Police Corps on 3 May. All collaboration between military-operated hospitals and private medical companies was suspended. Several officials in the hospital were disciplined after publication of the investigation report.(7) There have also been calls for termination of paid services provided by the military.(8)Indeed, the Wei Zexi Incident combines a number of problems that have long existed with Baidu and healthcare reform in China. It ignited heated discussion amongst the general public and experts, notably on the circulation of online medical advertisements without proper regulation, the lack of transparency about the outsourcing of medical departments of military1. run hospitals to private medical companies, the quality of which is often in serious doubt, and the limits of the recent round of healthcare reform. …