Renovation Of Old Buildings Research Articles

Material Flow Analysis-Based Sustainability Assessment for Circular Economy Scenarios of Urban Building Stock of Vienna

Urban buildings consume raw material and energy, and they produce waste and greenhouse gasses. Sustainable urban development strategies aim to reduce these. Using the case study of buildings in Vienna, this article evaluates the impact of a defined urban development pathway on the heating energy demand, greenhouse gas emissions, and total material requirement of buildings in Vienna for 2021–2050. Furthermore, the impact of recycling to reduce the total material requirement and to increase the circular material use rate is evaluated. The results show that the heating energy demand can be reduced to meet the targets of Vienna’s sustainable development strategy. The same does not count for greenhouse gas emissions. To meet the targets for the latter, the renovation of old buildings by thermal insulation should be expanded and heating systems substituted. With respect to the total material requirement, the recycling of demolition waste from buildings in Vienna to produce secondary raw materials for buildings in Vienna can help to achieve the reduction targets of Vienna’s sustainable development strategy so that in the year 2050, the material footprint is only 44% of the value of the year 2019. Since there is a contradiction between the total material requirement and the circular material use rate, the latter has to be discussed for its use as a circular economy indicator, since the aim of circular economy is not to produce as much recycling materials as possible, but to reduce resource consumption to a sustainable level.

Economic optimization of exterior wall insulation in Chinese office buildings by coupling artificial neural network and genetic algorithm

Envelope insulation is an essential measure to reduce building energy consumption and is the focus of many building energy codes. In China, the current standard (GB 55015-2021) only specified limit values for the thermal conductivity (U) of the exterior walls, and it ignored variations in building characteristics and internal parameters. Therefore, it is difficult for architects to quickly determine the exterior wall U-value in building design and retrofit. To address this issue, the exterior wall U-values of office buildings in China were economically optimized by TRNSYS, ANN, and GA. To begin with, the effect of enhancing exterior wall insulation on the heating and cooling energy consumption of office buildings was investigated by TRNSYS software, taking into account variations in building characteristics. Moreover, the exterior wall U-values of office buildings were optimized by coupling ANN and GA. The results showed that the design values of the GB 55015-2021 did not achieve the optimal results in China, and the most economical exterior wall U-value was 0.24 W/(m2·K) in Harbin, 0.24 W/(m2·K) in Beijing, 0.42 W/(m2·K) in Changsha, 1.82 W/(m2·K) in Guangzhou, 0.66 W/(m2·K) in Kunming. Compared with the pre-optimization, the annual life cycle cost of building heating and cooling reduced by 0.96 % in Harbin, 2.07 % in Beijing, 1.44 % in Changsha, 1.68 % in Guangzhou, and 7.37 % in Kunming. In addition, variations in building parameters should be considered in the design phase of new buildings or in the renovation of old buildings, such as internal heat gain, which may lead to different optimal results.

An Investigation of the Energy-Saving Optimization Design of the Enclosure Structure in High-Altitude Office Buildings

Concerning the double carbon national strategy, the energy-saving renovation of old buildings has become one of the most important tasks of energy conservation and emission reduction in construction in China. There are many problems, such as high energy consumption, thermal environment, and poor thermal comfort. Taking Lhasa as an example, this study adopts field research, questionnaire interviews, on-site measurements, numerical simulations, and other methods to propose suitable energy-saving potential excavation points and thermal optimization strategies for office building envelopes in Lhasa through software simulation. Additionally, typical office buildings are selected to carry out the energy-saving renovation of envelopes with the goal of improving indoor thermal comfort to validate the feasibility of the energy-saving renovation strategies. The results show the following: (1) The measured and predicted thermal neutral temperatures of the office population in Lhasa are 16.5 °C and 18.9 °C, respectively. The 90% acceptable temperature range is from 16.10 °C to 21.77 °C, and the occupants of the office buildings in Lhasa have a higher tolerance for cold than predicted. (2) The passive measures adapted to Lhasa are prioritized in the order of passive solar energy, high-heat-capacity materials, and nighttime ventilation. (3) Through the optimization of the enclosure structure of existing office buildings, the improvement of the heat storage capacity of the outer enclosure structure, and the increase in the window opening area to increase natural ventilation, the indoor thermal comfort of the renovated buildings is effectively improved.

Strategies and Practices of Renovating Old Buildings and Urban Renewal

This research aims to explore methods and strategies for the renovation of old buildings to meet the demands of urban renewal and cultural preservation. In the process of modern urbanization, the preservation and renovation of old buildings have become significant topics. However, constraints such as financial limitations, technological challenges, and societal obstacles to cultural awareness and understanding have hindered the renovation process. This study examines typical cases from both domestic and international contexts, delving into the technologies and methods employed in the renovation of old buildings. It investigates strategies related to policy regulations, social involvement, and environmentally friendly materials. Employing a methodology of literature review and case analysis, the study highlights key technologies including modern material application, green building concepts, and earthquake resistance. The research findings indicate that the renovation of old buildings while protecting cultural heritage, can enhance urban image and promote sustainable development. Through comprehensive analysis, this study concludes that policy support, social engagement, and technological innovation are pivotal factors in the renovation of old buildings. It emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts among governmental bodies, property owners, professional associations, and other stakeholders to achieve a virtuous cycle of urban renewal and cultural heritage preservation.

Applications and Evaluation of AI Technologies in the Renovation of Old Buildings in Urban Centers

Urban sprawl or expansion is a growing issue globally, and as technology continues to develop, the demand for residential areas continues to rise. Conflicts regarding the availability of resources for architecture also rise in rural areas; therefore, renovating old buildings in urban centers becomes an important concept. Since there are many challenges with renovating these buildings, the recent development of AI technologies will provide solutions to mitigate or reduce these challenges. This paper examines the application of AI technologies in architecture and how they contribute to redeveloping old buildings in urban areas. Technologies such as conditional Generative Adversarial Networks and deep neural networks can assist architects in standardizing floor plans and generating design modules. In addition, these technologies analyze data from existing buildings and, thus, can create the best possible plan for a building. While these technologies focus on simplifying the traditional process of architectural planning in areas such as generating programs and creating partitions, B-SMART reference architecture approaches architecture from the perspective of smart home building, therefore, implementing AI technologies into the lives of the residents. Furthermore, with AI technologies, future homes are created to be energy efficient and sustainable. Therefore, the application of AI will improve the sustainability of homes and overall benefit the environment.

Use of circular economy practices during the renovation of old buildings in developing countries

The construction industry is responsible for over 30% of global natural resource extraction and 25% of solid waste production, primarily due to its prevalent "take, make, dispose" economic model. Shifting toward a circular economy within the construction sector has become a pressing need, especially in countries like Sri Lanka, to transition from linear material consumption patterns. This study aims to assess the current state of the construction industry in Sri Lanka by presenting findings from two case studies. To establish a foundation, a concise review of pertinent literature is conducted to outline key circular economy principles and their potential integration into the Sri Lankan construction processes. To evaluate material circularity within building construction, the study employs the One-Click LCA software. The analysis is focused on various construction materials used in building projects, with a particular emphasis on concrete frame buildings. The circularity assessment considers concrete, steel, and brick elements in terms of their end-of-life or serviceable period scenarios. Results indicate that maximizing building retention through adaptable design and incorporating disassembly strategies in end-of-life processes significantly enhances circularity, particularly in the case of concrete elements. Based on these findings, a comprehensive framework is proposed for the effective implementation of circular economy concepts during building renovation initiatives, particularly in developing nations. In conclusion, this study underscores the urgency of adopting circular economy principles in the Sri Lankan construction industry, highlighting the potential benefits of sustainable material management and providing a practical framework for their incorporation in building renovation practices.

Energy Efficiency in Building Based on the BIPV Panels System Used as a Double Skin Envelop in a Hot Arid Region

This paper aims to solve one of the energy issues using specific new building designs using the building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panels as a double skin envelope. The BIPV system can be an innovative material for the building envelope during the design process as a: frame component, curtain wall or shading device. In addition to its power generation, the use of the BIPV can be an integrated part of the design of future envelopes and in the energy renovation of old buildings; these systems can producerenewable energy, minimize energy consumption, provide adequate indoor comfort and have less impact on the environment. As an external envelope of the buildings and a source of energy, the BIPV systems can represent the architectural appearance and aesthetic arrangements of the future building. Our investigation is based on an Energy report in many existing office buildings in a hot arid region of Algeria in order to assess their energy consumption, thereafter; calculate the energy yield after the BIPV hypothetical use in building architecture. The important result shows that the BIPV system enhances energy consumption with different percentages of the total energy consumption per year (Building sample 1: 50%, Building sample 2: 30% and Building sample 3: 65%) this is due to many architectural elements; such as: envelop form, shading devices, opening ratio, and environment masks. The major conclusion of the research reveals that The BIPV systems can preserve the architectural aesthetic appearance as well as enhancement of energy consumption.

Solutions for an Ecological and Healthy Retrofitting of Buildings on the Campus of the University of Oradea, Romania, Built Starting from 1911 to 1913

On university campuses, retrofitting studies have historically concentrated on individual buildings (or building components) instead of the entire campus. In the present paper, we examine how an incorporated strategic planning strategy might be used to investigate the socio-technical construction of a campus retrofit operation throughout multiple scale/sectors. The campus of the University of Oradea (CUO), Romania, with its beginnings in the 1910s was investigated using its new master plan. The developed strategies for a “green” and “healthy” campus depict a CUO redesign involving complex solutions for the green renovation of old buildings. In addition, the improvement effects of the modernization interventions already carried out were analyzed and quantified. Sixteen buildings (30% of the built area) were consolidated/rehabilitated/modernized, and/or equipped in the last decade, seven educational spaces being included in the circuit of the buildings fund (totaling 5491.59 sq m). For the renovated spaces, energy consumption was reduced by 20–88% and CO2 emissions by 41.82–86%, depending on the specifics of each space. The reconfiguration, rehabilitation, and energy efficiency of the entire heating system of CUO (which uses geothermal water as a specific characteristic) significantly improved (20% decrease in energy and 21% decrease in geothermal water consumption). Our findings offer new directions and design solutions for the ecological modernization of other outdated university campuses, highlighting new perspectives in the green university campuses’ management, as a way to implement sustainability in the higher education environment. Data presented give professionals in the field (architects, designers, engineers, planners, and decision makers) a clear picture of the benefits due to ecological renovation, also offering the necessary tools to implement new solutions for reducing the impact of urban areas on the environment.

Existing Building Renovation: A Review of Barriers to Economic and Environmental Benefits.

The renovation of old buildings provides an important approach to energy saving and emission reduction with low economic costs. The current important issue remains how to determine the optimal cost-effective technical path for a specific project, although there are a large number of retrofit technologies to choose from. Based on a systematic perspective, this paper conducts a quantitative analysis of the environmental and economic benefits of building renovation, and compares and studies the role and challenges of different countries in the process of recycling waste building materials and technological innovation to extend the life of buildings. Through the use of VOSviewer, 1402 papers from the Web of Science core collection database were visualized, analyzed, and deduced, and the research context and development trends of architectural renovation were sorted out and presented. Finally, this article discusses the status and application process of existing building renovation technologies, including the current obstacles that need to be resolved. It puts forward a vision for the future development of building renovation, emphasizing that top-down guidance is essential to future carbon neutral goals.

Study on Carbon Emissions from the Renovation of Old Residential Areas in Cold Regions of China

With the implementation of dual-carbon and new human-centric urbanization strategies, the renovation of old buildings in China was inevitable. In this study, we establish the carbon emission values of retrofitting building from the perspective of carbon emissions, and propose a carbon accounting calculation method. Meanwhile, according to an economic viewpoint, we propose carbon emission evaluation indexes, including carbon increments, carbon emission intensity, carbon saving during the operation phase, and the static payback period of carbon increments. We retrofitted a building in an old residential area in Jinan, which both extended the building’s life and met the energy consumption needs of modern buildings. Through the case study, the annual carbon emissions during the use phase were reduced by 80.64% after retrofitting, and the building materials generated carbon emissions during the materialization phase of 11.04 t CO2/a. Considering the carbon increment factor, the comprehensive carbon emission reduction was 71.43%. The carbon increment per unit of building area was 110.32 kg CO2/m2, of which the carbon emission during the materialization stage accounted for 96.04%. Promoting low-carbon building materials and improving the energy efficiency would be an important means to reduce the carbon increments during building renovations. The static payback period for the carbon increment was 2.05 years, indicating that retrofitting measures were effective. Our work is informative for the development and quantitative assessment of low-carbon retrofitting programs for older buildings.

Urban Renewal and Renovation of Old Buildings from the Perspective of Cultural Output - A Study on the Teaching of Graduation Project Design in Shanghai Sanda University

As urban renewal mode has transformed from massive demolition and reconstruction to stock improvement and upgrading, the environment design major also goes through constant changes to cope with the various problems in urban regeneration. In light of this situation, there is an urgent need to reform the teaching of environmental design courses, including teaching methods and modes. This study focuses on the teaching reform of the design of graduation projects from 2019 to 2022 to illustrate the transformation of training concepts, the teaching reform and selection of graduation projects, the research of teaching mode innovation, multiple teaching methods, various modes of presentation, and the organization and implementation of the teaching process composed of “three dimensions and four links”. The study aims to integrate the course teaching with practices, achieve cultural output and revival in the process of upgrading and renewal, and improve students’problem-solving capacity and their ability to innovate so that they can be more qualified for future jobs.

Building integrated photovoltaics. Overview of barriers and opportunities

Based on the available literature, the status and prospects for further development of the building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) market were analyzed. The results of the analysis show that the high investment costs and the lack of information about installed BIPV systems and BIPV technology are a problem for the stakeholders. The BIPV technology is an interdisciplinary problem, so the cooperation of a large number of different experts is important. However, it is not yet at a satisfactory level. Another problem is the overlapping of responsibilities of HVAC installers, interior designers and fa?ade manufacturers. On the other hand, the incentives of the EU regulatory framework and beyond to use RES in both new buildings and renovation of old buildings, as well as the desire for energy independence, encourage the application of BIPV technology. An analysis of the electricity production potential of BIPV integrated into the walls and roof of the building was made for four geographical locations. A comparison of the production of electricity on the walls and on the roof of the building was carried out. The analysis shows that on the four walls of the building, where each wall has the same area as the roof of the building, approximately 2.5 times more electricity than on the roof can be generated. In the absence of available surface for installing a photovoltaic power plant on the roof, the walls represent a great potential for BIPV technology.

Organizational and design requirements for facade systems works in structures and buildings

As a result of recent trends in energy consumption, innovative facade systems are being used more and more in both new building construction and renovation of old buildings. A wide range of interface system types are used to meet these requirements. Many of these systems are very complex and require not only fire safety requirements, but also other requirements such as humidity, rain protection, stability, thermal insulation and other functions. Social and technical aspects are also important. This review article provides general information about façade systems in buildings, modern facades and façade manufacturing materials. This study also deals with evaluations and technical requirements for facade systems, including aesthetic standards, insulation and other criteria. And other ideas that we will address in this article.

Measures for Renovation of Old Buildings in Sustainable Environment

Measures for Renovation of Old Buildings in Sustainable Environment

Which one is more effective to add to building envelope: Phase change material, thermal insulation, or their combination to meet zero-carbon-ready buildings?

Renovation of old buildings is a key pillar of decarbonization approved in the Net Zero Emissions (NZE) scenario. Based on NZE requirements, the share of zero-carbon-ready buildings should reach more than 85%. Adding phase change material (PCM) or thermal insulation is an effective technique to tackle high energy demand in buildings. Relying on CFD-based techniques, PCM phase transition was formulated to compare the thermal behavior of the building including insulation, PCM, or PCM + insulation. Taking into account warm weather along with significant solar radiation intensity, PCM 22 (melting temperature of 20–22 °C), PCM 23 (21–23 °C), and PCM 24 (22–24 °C) were utilized. The results showed that in summer the thermal behavior of the walls containing PCM were better. While in winter, insulation was superior to PCM. Considering the annual energy consumption, it is better to use insulation than PCM. However, it was found that if a combination of PCM plus insulation is used, total energy demand may be lower than in case of single PCM or insulation. For the Middle East region, where electricity consumption is very high in the hot months, using the combination of insulation + PCM 24 has amazing results. The results showed that if PCM 24 + insulation is utilized, the cooling load will be reduced to zero. Focusing on reducing the annual energy consumption, taking advantage of PCM + insulation is beneficial when the share of PCM volume in combination with insulation is less than 44%. Under the best conditions, annual energy demand declined by 12.6% if PCM 22 + insulation is used.

Study of the manifestations of visual pollution in some neighborhoods of Jeddah city: Comparative study: دراسة مظاهر التلوث البصري في بعض أحياء مدينة جدة: دراسة مقارنة

This research aims to identify visual pollution, its most important manifestations and types, the reasons that led to its emergence, and its impact on the psychological and physical health of humans. The descriptive and analytical approach is applied in the study of manifestations of visual pollution in some neighborhoods of Jeddah, comparing them and identifying the most polluted among them. The neighborhoods were selected according to the local schematic of Jeddah city- regulations and controls 1440H in the zoning of residential areas-. The study was in line with 2030's vision of improving the urban landscape in Saudi cities, one of its objectives to address visual distortions in Saudi cities. This research has found that the neighborhoods have different manifestations of visual pollution. Al-Hendaweyyah neighborhood is a slum area, were all manifestations of the urban style visual pollution appeared. In addition, graffiti on the walls clearly appeared. On the other hand, AL-Mohammadya is low-density residential area. It is a planned neighborhood, where the manifestations of visual pollution did not appear in compare with other one, with limited exception of graffiti. Finally, the study recommends developing a strategy to improve the visual landscape in slums by renovation of old buildings, Also, by developing terms and conditions for building exterior colors and packaging materials that suit the urban style of the area.

Mineral Composite Plaster Containing Hollow Glass Microspheres and CSA Cement for Building Insulation

Renovation of old buildings plays a key role in the sustainable energy transition because they are often poorly insulated and, therefore, lose a lot of heat through walls and ceilings. An important measure of renovation is façade insulation. Established and widely used materials include rigid expanded polystyrene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS) insulation boards. However, these boards do not easily follow the form of non-planar surfaces such as individually formed, ornamented, or bent façades. Furthermore, fire protection of these boards requires the addition of, for example, hazardous brominated flame retardants that impede recycling. This paper investigates a novel alternative insulating composite plaster. It is purely inorganic and can be applied easily by casting or wet spraying to any wall or ceiling element. The composite material consists of only two components: micro hollow glass microspheres as the insulating light component and calcium sulfoaluminate cement as the binder. Various compositions containing these components were cast, hydraulically set, and characterized with respect to microstructure, phase development during hydration, and thermal conductivity. With an increasing amount of hollow glass spheres, the density decreased to less than 0.2 g·cm−1, and the thermal conductivity reached 0.04 to 0.05 W·m−1K−1, fulfilling the demands of building insulation.

Investigation of using the ceramic polishing brick powder in engineered cementitious composites

With the development of the ceramic industry and the renovation of old buildings, ceramic waste is increasing dramatically in the process of production. Among ceramic wastes, ceramic polishing brick powder (CPBP) has high hardness and a large amount of silicate minerals, which endow it with a good skeleton and pozzolanic activity . Therefore, reasonable recycling of CPBP has important environmental protection and economic values. This study used CPBP as a supplementary cementing material to replace fly ash in engineered cementitious composites (ECCs). The basic characteristics of CPBP were characterized by an activity index test and micro analysis for comparison with fly ash. Prior to the uniaxial tensile test of the newly designed ECC, an axial compression test , X-ray diffraction (XRD), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) of cement quartz mortar (CQM) were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of replacing fly ash with CPBP in ECCs. The test results show that the fineness of CPBP is between that of cement and fly ash, and that CPBP particles have a smoother surface than cement particles. The 7-day activity index of CPBP was the same as that of fly ash, while the 28-day activity index of CPBP was 14.29% higher. When the CPBP content is 35% of the cementitious material, the compressive and tensile strengths of CQM are maximized. The addition of CPBP significantly decreased the porosity and achieved pore structure refinement of CQM. When CPBP replaces half or all fly ash, the newly designed ECC can achieve good tensile properties . Moreover, by replacing fly ash with CPBP at 35% of the cementitious material, the designed ECC specimen showed a better tensile strength (5.89 MPa) and ultimate tensile strain capacity (4.39%). Therefore, it has great engineering application prospects. • A new type of ECC is designed by adding CPBP as a supplementary cementing material. • The 28-day activity index of CPBP is higher than that of fly ash. • The ECC specimens containing CPBP achieve at least 4% ultimate tensile strain.

Inventory of occupational exposure to asbestos with particular reference to Tuscan workers

This Catalogue is a collection of information on the use of raw asbestos and asbestos-containing materials used in several industries and occupational activities, with particular attention to the situation of Tuscany, a region of Central Italy. The work was developed at the Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO) of Florence, where epidemiologic research and surveillance activities have been developing since 1988 and where the coordination and evaluation of the regional health surveillance programme provided to past asbestos workers started in 2016 and is still ongoing. The Catalogue aims at being a working tool for all health professionals engaged in examining and classifying the occupational asbestos exposures of subjects both affected by diseases that could be associated to this carcinogen and examined within the regional health surveillance programme. It is necessary for the health personnel engaged in the above-mentioned activities to know or to have the possibility to find exact and detailed data on asbestos exposure by occupational sector. These data are briefly described in the 29 factsheets this Catalogue consists of. In each factsheet, the presence and every use of asbestos are described, with reference to a precise occupational sector. Several occupational sectors can be considered together because of analogies on asbestos exposure. Occupations are considered on the basis of existing evidence on the use of raw asbestos or asbestos-containing materials (as semi-finished or finished products or as auxiliary materials in production processes). Besides the presence and use of asbestos, a description of the possible exposures of workers is reported. Sources of information were scientific and grey literature as well as the 7,187 occupational histories of mesothelioma registered by the specific Tuscan registry. Some factsheets have been revised and enhanced by Italian experts on the asbestos exposure with a specific competence in the examined sectors. Each factsheet includes also questions to be addressed to workers in order to examine in depth their possible asbestos exposure. For those who would like to expand their knowledge on this topic, references are reported both at the end of each factsheet and at the end of the volume. In all industrialized countries, also in those which have not already banned asbestos use, a decrease in the use of this material and in the relative exposure have been observing since the end of the Seventies, few years after the general consensus within the scientific community on asbestos carcinogenicity. This decreasing trend has been becoming greater and greater since the end of the Eighties, when more restrictive regulations have been approved and applied, especially in occupational settings. Nevertheless, nowadays asbestos-related diseases are still diagnosed due to past exposures, although during next decade a decreasing incidence of malignant mesothelioma - the cancer most specifically related to this carcinogen and characterized by a very bad prognosis and the longest latency - could be observed. Particular attention will be paid to jobs regarding renovation of old buildings containing asbestos and to decontamination activities. In conclusion, this Catalogue is a working tool - although it is not exhaustive and could be upgraded with new information - for all professionals engaged in asbestos risk prevention activities as health personnel, personnel of insurance companies, employers, and employee representatives.

Establishment of Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant Unit in Public Sector Hospital, a Dream Accomplished.

<h3>Background</h3> Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) is a highly sophisticated curative treatment of many Hematological, immunological, metabolic and Oncological conditions. Pakistan is a Lower middle income country. The treatment facilities are very limited as compared to the need of the region. Our Pediatric Hematology/Oncology unit is in one of the busy center of the country. We decided to start the First ever Public sector Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant. <h3>Objective</h3> This study was done to know & enlighten the hurdles in establishment of BMT unit in Public Sector Hospitals in LMIC. The task to start BMT was taken as a challenge in collaboration with NIBD & BMT, Karachi, Pakistan in 2016. The Physicians and other supportive Team were sent for short term training.On return the Team started renovation of old building. In next step arrangement of instrumentation was done step by step, includes Cell separators, Platelet Aphresis Machines, HEPA Filters, CBC Analyzer, Handy Electrolyte Machine, Fridge (-80C⁰) for Cryopreservations & Plasma Storage, PRBC storage fridge and Blood grouping/Cross matching reagents and Gel Cards arranged. Then two patients with Beta Thalassemia Major were selected who had full matched sibling donors. The standard Conditioning Protocol of BU/Cy/ATG with GVHD prophylaxis Steroids/MTx and Cyclosporine started after saving the Autologus Bone Marrow Harvest. The Bone Marrow Harvest was done on both donors on same day and Infusion was done. The MNC and CD34 count were appropriate. The senior team members of Pediatric Hem/Onco department were involved and senior most staff nurses had taken care of the patients along with mothers of the patients. But unfortunately one patient died of Severe Pneumonia along with Pharyngeal abscess on day +11 and the second on +25 due to Primary engraftment Failure and severe Pulmonary Hemorrhage. The initial two patient's mortality depressed the Hospital administration as well as the Treating Team. We decided to review the supportive care techniques, restricted the entry and limited the Treating staff. After getting these improvements we again decided to start the BMT unit again in March 2018 and selected Aplastic Anemia patient of 8 years who had 6/6 matched sibling donor.The five days conditioning was done with Fludarabine, Cyclophsphamide and GVHD prophylaxis with Cyclosporin, MTX and steroids. PBSC was done on cell separator and stem cell infusion done. Patient engrafted Neutrophil on +10, Platelets on +18 and RBC on +45. Th immnunosupression was tapered off 6 months post BMT and now free of medication. Since then we have done so far total 23 patients including Aplastic Anemia, Thalassemia, Fanconi Anemia.Our success rate is 60%. I know it is far behind the international data but we are thriving to improve it day by day. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The persistent struggle is needed for establishment of BMT units in LMICs. <h3>Recommendation</h3> When there is a will, there is a way.