Wire Removal Research Articles

Management of white spot enamel lesions with resin infiltration: potentials and future research directions.

The current study1 is a randomized controlled trial with two arm, multicenter and parallel group design. Study subjects were 38 orthodontic patients younger than 17 years who were being treated with metal braces. Patients with at least one white spot lesion (WSL) graded 1 to 2 according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) on the labial surface of permanent maxillary and mandibular canines and incisors were included for the trial. Teeth with carious lesions and restorations, anomalies of the enamel, and primary teeth were excluded. Patients were allocated by computer generated random sequence into resin infiltration and fluoride varnish intervention groups. Study subjects were blinded until the allocation, outcome assessors and statisticians remained blinded through the study, however the operators could not be blinded. Resin infiltration treatment involved removal of orthodontic wires and auxiliaries followed by cleaning the teeth with fluoride free prophylactic paste and completing the resin infiltration according to manufacturer's instructions. In the fluoride varnish group, a thin layer of the material was applied after isolating the teeth, and patients were asked not to eat or drink for 1 hour. This was continued twice a month for 6 months. Digital images of the teeth were obtained before, and 1 day (T1), 1 week (T2), 1 month (T3), 3 months (T4) and 6 months (T5) after treatment, using a DSLR camera and a matching polarization filter. The images were processed for calibration and color stability. Regions of interest representing WSL (white spot lesion) and SAE (sound adjacent enamel) were isolated in the images for comparison at different stages the images were captured. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 28. Independent-samples t-test was utilized for comparison between the two groups, and paired-samples t-test for comparison within the groups. A statistical significance level of α = 0.05 was set. At T1, significant color difference was observed between white spot lesion and adjacent sound enamel in the resin infiltration group and it remained stable after 6 months. Whereas in the fluoride varnish group, there were no statistical differences from baseline to 6 months. A statistical difference of 3.27 CIELAB units (p < 0.001) was reported between the infiltration group and the fluoride group at T5. No significant changes were noted in SAE with respect to changes in lightness. Resin infiltration was found to be better at masking the demineralization produced by WSL and also enhanced the esthetic appearance of demineralized areas around the brackets. Resin infiltration did not produce any clinically visible effects in non-affected enamel. These changes remained stable for a period of 6 months.

Pacing inhibition from inter-coronary wire interaction during angioplasty.

Electro-mechanical noise from the interaction of multiple coronary wires can inhibit pacing with a risk of asystole in pacemaker-dependent patients. Awareness of this phenomenon is important to guide prompt management with adjustment of device sensitivity, asynchronous pacing, removal of a coronary wire or insertion of a temporary pacing system.

Complex chest wall reconstruction after failure: a literature review.

Primary and secondary chest wall tumors (bone, breast, and soft tissue), congenital defects, and chest wall osteoradionecrosis often require extensive full-thickness local excisions to guarantee safe oncological margins (in cases of tumors) and complex reconstruction to provide stabilization and good biomechanical results avoiding postoperative respiratory failure. Thus, a personalized approach is required when dealing with chest wall defects, and reconstruction is planned. This review summarizes failed chest wall reconstruction procedures, identifies causes of failure, and highlights principles for complex chest wall reconstruction post-failure. We performed a narrative review of the literature on PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, including all the relevant studies published from 1970. The available experiences in literature are only anecdotic and no current guidelines or rules exist on this topic, also given to its rarity. Proper pre-surgical planning and a multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion are crucial for complex cases such as infections and radiation-induced chest ulcers after previous surgical treatment. Procedures should eventually include thoracic wall debridement, necrotic tissue excision, pulse-jet lavage, prosthesis removal, and vacuum assisted closure (VAC) therapy as a bridge for chest wall re-reconstruction. Sternotomy wounds require wire and prosthesis removal, and the use of meshes or bone allografts. This review aims to summarize experiences and highlight surgical and oncologic principles for complex chest wall reconstruction after failure. This review summarizes literature experiences to identify common key points for chest wall reconstruction after failure and to give some advice to surgeons managing this rare, challenging surgery.

Serial Post-Operative Radiographs in Surgically Managed Pediatric Supracondylar Humeral Fractures: Are They Always Required?

Supracondylar humeral fractures are among the most common pediatric fractures that require surgical intervention when displaced. Recent attention has been directed towards the utilization of serial radiographs in the post-operative period and their effect on decision-making. This study aimed to determine the usefulness of postoperative radiographsearly post-operatively, with the goal of determining the optimal frequency for these radiographs. Pediatric patients who sustained a supracondylar humeral fracture and underwent operative intervention over a 15-year period were included in this study. Data were collected, including the baseline characteristics of the patients, fractures, and operative interventions. In addition, the time until healing, the total number of X-rays before K-wireremoval, and postoperative function were evaluated. A total of 122 pediatric patients were included, with a mean age of 5.33 ± 2.93 years. Most fractures were Gartland Type III (74.6%). Most fractures healed at 4 (36.1%) and 3 weeks (35.2%) after surgery. Of the cohort, 94.3% underwent four different x-rays before wire removal, with 4.9% requiring revision surgery. All revision cases were Gartland type 3, and for all cases, the decision to revise was made within three weeks of surgery. Routine post-fixation radiography should not be performed for surgically treated supracondylar humeral fractures before healing. An exception is the Gartland type 3 fracture, for which earlier imaging may be indicated.

Mechanical model of diamond wire sawing for curved surfaces

Diamond wire sawing is effective in machining complex parts. During the wire-cutting process, the cutting force affects the wire causing different shape changes, thereby affecting the machining quality. This paper introduces a wire sawing mechanical model for curved surfaces that considers the interdependence between the spatial motion of the wire, cutting force, and material removal. A wire bow angle measurement system was built using spring displacement sensors, and the accuracy of the mechanical model was verified through curved surface cutting experiments. The mechanical model was used to analyze the influences of the machining parameters and twist surface cutting process on the wire bow angle. The results showed that the sawing twisted surface increased the float amplitude of the wire bow angle. The wire feed rate at both ends varied with time owing to the wire twisting motion. The change in the wire feed rate at both ends was the primary factor affecting the change in the wire bow angle during the twist surface-sawing process. When sawing twisted, curved surfaces, the wire bow angle gradually decreases with increasing preloading force and wire velocity and a decreasing workpiece feed rate. Increasing the wire velocity and decreasing the workpiece feed rate can reduce the float amplitude of the wire bow angle, thereby enhancing the stability of the cutting process. This study lays the theoretical groundwork for understanding wire deformation during curved surface sawing.

Simple Method for Re-tightening IMF Wires without Breakage.

This clinical technique aims to retighten intermaxillary fixation (IMF) wires when loosened intra/postoperatively. Intermaxillary fixation is one of the most important steps to obtain stable and functional occlusion in maxillofacial trauma. However, IMF wires tend to loosen over time. This loosened wire is generally removed and a new wire is used for IMF. Removal and refixation is time-consuming for surgeon and unconformable for the patient. We recommend a simple technique for re-tightening IMF wires without breakage, with the use of shepherd's crook explorer by making a small circular loop. This technique of re-tightening by looping further stretches and tightens the wire to regain stabilized occlusion with maximal intercuspation. This technique eliminates the need for removal and refixation of IMF wires, thereby improving patient comfort, yet obtaining stable occlusion over a long period of time. How to cite this article: Madhu SK, Dominic S, Baptist J, et al. Simple Method for Re-tightening IMF Wires without Breakage. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(3):289-291.

Efficacy of ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 peptide-agonist AdipoRon in preventing contracture in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis.

AdipoRon is an adiponectin receptor 1, 2 (ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2) agonist with potential antifibrotic effects. Whether AdipoRon can mitigate joint stiffness in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis is unknown. We examined the efficacy of intravenous (IV) AdipoRon at mitigating contracture in a rabbit model of knee arthrofibrosis. Fifty-six female New Zealand White rabbits were divided into three dosing groups: vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO), 2.5 mg/kg AdipoRon, and 5 mg/kg AdipoRon. AdipoRon, in DMSO, was administered IV preoperatively and for 5 days postoperatively (30 rabbits, Aim 1). AdipoRon was again dosed similarly after Kirschner wire (K-wire) removal at 8 weeks (26 rabbits; Aim 2). The primary outcome of joint passive extension angle (PEA,°) was measured at 8, 10, 12, 16, and 24 weeks following index surgery. At 24 weeks, rabbits were euthanized and limbs were harvested to measure posterior capsular stiffness (N cm/°). In Aim 1, the 5 mg/kg treated rabbits had a significant increase in PEA when compared to controls at 16-week (p < 0.05). In Aim 2, the 5 mg/kg treated rabbits had a significant increase in PEA when compared to controls at 10-week (p < 0.05). In both aims, no significant differences were observed at later time points. Capsular stiffness was no different in any group. We are the first to report the efficacy of IV AdipoRon in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis. We identified a significant dose-dependent decrease in joint PEA at early time points; however, no differences were observed between groups at later time points. Clinical Significance: The present investigation provided the first assessment of AdipoRon's efficacy in mitigating knee stiffness in the current gold standard rabbit model of arthrofibrosis. Results of this investigation provided further evidence as to the potential role of AdipoRon as a preventative for arthrofibrosis in large mammals.

Successful removal of an intra-pericardic Kirschner wire via fluoroscopy-guided minimal invasive approach: a case report

BackgroundKirschner wires are widely used in trauma surgery. Their migration into the pericardium is a rare but often fatal phenomenon, requiring urgent management.Case presentationWe describe the case of a 65-year-old patient who underwent Kirschner wire placement to treat a humeral head fracture. Three months after the operation, pleural and pericardial effusions with cardiac tamponade were observed, leading to the diagnosis of wire migration within the pericardium. A minimally invasive approach guided by fluoroscopy allowed emergency wire extraction without needing a median sternotomy. The postoperative clinical course was uncomplicated.ConclusionsThe use of pre- and per-operative multimodal imaging allowed for the safe extraction of an intra-pericardial Kirschner wire through a minimally invasive approach.

Effects of housing conditions on stress, depressive like behavior and sensory-motor performances of C57BL/6 mice

BackgroundThe effects of housing conditions on animal physiology, behavior or stress are still debated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three different housing systems, individually ventilated cages (IVC), classical small cages with floor surface area of 500 cm2 (CC500) and classical large cages with floor surface area of 800 cm2 (CC800) on body weight, sensory-motor performances, depression-like behavior, plasma corticosterone and brain oxidative stress parameters in C57BL/6 mice. The mice housed in one of the cages from birth to 6 months of age. Hang wire and adhesive removal tests were performed to evaluate somatosensory and motor performances. The extent of depression was determined by the forced swim test. Blood corticosterone levels were measured. In addition, brain malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were analyzed.ResultsThe depression-like behavior of the groups was similar. Although there were no significant differences in hang wire test among groups, CC500 group required longer durations in adhesive removal test. The body weight and plasma corticosterone levels of CC800 group were significantly higher than other groups. The oxidative stress parameters were highest in CC500 cage.ConclusionsOur study showed that the least stressful housing condition was IVC cage systems. Interestingly, the number of mice in the classical cages had a significant effect on stress levels and sensory-motor performance.

The study outcome of bouquet technique for the management of displaced boxer's fracture

Background: Fifth metacarpal neck fracture is also called Boxer's fracture. Most commonly occurs due to aggression behaviour that result in punch on a wall with a clenched first. If there is a displacement of boxer’s fracture more than 500 then it has to be managed operatively. We here present the outcome of bouquet technique that we used to operate the 80 cases of 5th metacarpal neck fracture. Methods: We studied and did follow up of the 80, 5th metacarpal neck fracture that managed by bouquet technique. Clinical and radiological assessment was done at 4weeks and 6 weeks and 12 weeks. Total active motion, radiography and complication were noted. Results: Out of 80 patients that were studied 72 got excellent results and 8 got fair results. Whereas one patient got infection and 2 got adventitious bursitis at the entry site which requires k wire removal. Conclusions: The technique of antegrade intramedullary 3 kirschners wire in management of 5th metacarpal neck fracture is safe, simple, soft tissue sparing, minimally invasive technique with excellent functional and cosmetic outcome with minimal complications.

The Horrible Scenario in Cath Lab: Percutaneous Management of Guide Wire Entrapment During Coronary Intervention

The Horrible Scenario in Cath Lab: Percutaneous Management of Guide Wire Entrapment During Coronary Intervention

Complications of Epicardial Pacing Wire Removal Following Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Pacing wires are commonly used during cardiac surgery to monitor heart rhythm and, if necessary, provide temporary pacing. These wires are usually removed a few days after surgery, but the procedure has been associated with complications.The purpose of this study was to summarize the literature on complications related to pacing wire removal after cardiac surgery. A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Articles from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2022, were considered.The literature was then registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42023418165). PROSPERO is the first database to record systematic reviews in health, and it promotes best practices around the world through broad consultation to eliminate redundancy and waste of time and money. Following that, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA) was used to screen the data.PRISMA consists of a four-stage flow diagram and a "checklist" of 27 elements necessary for the rigorous and transparent dissemination of the systematic review's techniques and conclusions. These methods were used to ensure the integrity of the systematic review. The systematic review included six studies with a total of 18,453 patients.The most common pacing wire removal complications were retention of the wire (0.56%), arrhythmia (0.67%), delayed discharge due to delayed wire removal (0.41%), and cardiac tamponade (0.1%). The overall complication rate was 1.74%. A subgroup analysis revealed that earlier removal (within 48-72 hours of surgery) was associated with a higher incidence of bleeding, whereas later removal (after 72 hours) was associated with a higher incidence of delayed discharge. Pacing wire removal following cardiac surgery is associated with many complications, including retention of wire, arrhythmia, delayed discharge, tamponade, and death. These complications are more likely to occur with earlier or later removal of the pacing wires. Although the complication rate was lower, clinicians should be aware of these risks and take appropriate precautions when scheduling pacing wire removal. More research is needed to determine the necessity of pacing wires in cardiac surgery.

Effects of Modulated Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Incisional Pain Post Cardiac Surgery. A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose: To evaluate effects of modulated transcutaneous nerve stimulation on incisional pain post cardiac surgery. Methods/design: 40 patients undergoing cardiac surgery were randomized into 2 groups (20 in each) by single blinded envelope sealed method. Experimental group has been given Modulated TENS following normal cardiac rehabilitation while Control Group has been given Placebo TENS Following normal cardiac rehabilitation respectively. TENS was given for 30 minutes once in a day after the removal of pacing wire till the day of discharge. Pre intervention outcome measure for pain (VAS) and Anxiety (BAI) was evaluated on the first and last day of the treatment. Results: Between the group analysis is done using Mann Whitney U Test. The results showed there is significant difference between the groups in pre and post values VAS, where as for BAI there is no significant difference between the groups in pre and post values. Within the group analysis was done by Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. The results indicated a significant difference in the pre and post values of VAS and BAI. Conclusion: From the study conducted, we came to a conclusion that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was found to be effective in reducing incisional pain post cardiac surgery.

Arthrodesis of the interphalangeal joints of the hand by two-dimensional intraosseous wiring

BackgroundNumerous techniques for arthrodesis have been described to fix interphalangeal (IP) joints, and the fixation method should be considered on a case-by-case basis. This study aimed to investigate the availability of IP joint arthrodesis of the hand, using a two-dimensional intraosseous wiring (two-DIOW) method.MethodsA total of 43 joints (19 thumb IP joints, 9 proximal finger interphalangeal (PIP) joints and 15 distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints in 29 patients with a mean age of 66 years (range, 24–85 y) were retrospectively analyzed. All operations were performed with two-DIOW method. We evaluated the bone union rate, correction loss, presence of any surgical complications, and oral steroid use in cases of joint fixation using the two-DIOW method.ResultsOf these 43 digits, 42 achieved bone union (97.7%). Non-union was seen in a thumb IP joint of mutilans rheumatoid arthritis. Mean correction loss of deviation was 1.0°, and flexion or extension angulation was 1.6° in the direction of extension. Surgical complications included mild nail deformity in 2 digits and wire irritation necessitating wire removal in 2 digits. Oral steroids were used for 18 of the 43 digits, including 2 digits complicated by nail deformities. There was no infection and skin necrosis in all digits with or without steroid use.ConclusionsThe two-DIOW method appears to offer an effective method of IP joint fixation, but caution should be exercised in digits of severe joint destruction and in the treatment of wire knot.

“V” Spring for Reactivation of NiTi Open Coil Spring

The NiTi open coil spring is commonly accustomed to creating spaces for crowded teeth. It is difficult to anticipate the length of the open coil spring desired to open up the exact quantity of space; sometimes, the length of the open spring falls short of opening up the space required. In such a case, the base arch wire must be taken out and replaced with an expanded open coil spring, which is both difficult and time-consuming. There are various reactivation methods available, such as split tubings, cutting a C-shaped tube to the desired length, adding extra length to the spring, creating C-rings, and using composite beads. Hence, we have designed a very simple yet effective chairside method to reactivate NiTi open coil spring with the removal of base arch wire.

Iatrogenic ulnar nerve palsy associated with supracondylar humeral fracture in children: A systemic review on its management

Background Supracondylar humeral fractures (SCHFs) are among the most common pediatric fractures. Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning are considered the established gold standard. Biomechanically, cross-pinning is resilient for any axial rotation, but the medial pin increases the risk of iatrogenic injury to the ulnar nerve. Objective A systematic review was conducted to provide an evidence-based analysis of the literature on the management of iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury caused by the medial pin during closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of displaced SCHF in children. Methods MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and ScienceDirect databases were searched to identify all articles that reported ulnar nerve injury caused by the medial pin during closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of displaced SCHF in children and suggested the management. Reference lists from the articles retrieved were further scrutinized to identify any additional studies of interest. Results One thousand six hundred and six articles on SCHF treated by closed reduction and cross-pinning were identified initially with 25 studies included in the analysis after screening. Four thousand six hundred and seventy-five children sustained SCHF with a median age of 7 years. Of 3036 children treated by closed reduction and cross pinning, 205 (6.75%) were diagnosed with iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury. The management involves observation only, removal of the medial pin, or exploration. The average recovery time in the group treated by removal of wire was statistically shorter than the other two groups. Conclusion The evidence suggests surgical exploration of the ulnar nerve can be delayed for up to 7 months, with most studies favouring observation only. In selected cases, immediate removal of the medial pin should be considered.

Real world patient-reported and health care professional-perceived pain severity in outpatient fracture clinic procedures

Introduction Management of orthopaedic fractures involves acute intervention and follow up through to recovery. Patient-centered care needs to encompass all aspects of this treatment. Limited research is available on outpatient satisfaction and patient-reported outcomes from fracture clinic (FRCL). The purpose of this evaluation is to report on pain levels perceived by patients from minor orthopaedic procedures that were necessary for the continued management of fracture care. Methods Patients were recruited in the FRCL if they were planned to undergo minor orthopaedic procedures. They were asked to report the pain they experienced at baseline, during the procedure, 20 min post-procedure, and 24 h following the procedure on a verbal numeric rating scale of 0–10. Healthcare professionals (HCP) were then asked to rank their perception of the severity of pain from each procedure type. Finally, qualitative interviews were conducted on a convenience sample of patients. Results 51 patients were included in this evaluation. Halo pin, external fixation device, Kirschner wire, and screw removal exhibited a mean increase in pain from baseline greater than 3 units during the procedure. The external fixation device removal group showed the greatest pain reported with a statistically significant increase from baseline to the end of the procedure (mean = 7.1; p = 0.002). There was good concordance of pain perception by the HCP to patient experience. Qualitative interviewing revealed two major themes. Discussion This study provided valuable qualitative and quantitative insight into the pain perceptions by FRCL patients. This data may help improve the patient experience inside the FRCL.

Temporary diaphragm pacing for patients at risk of prolonged mechanical ventilation after extensive aortic repair

ObjectiveProlonged mechanical ventilation (MV) after extensive aortic reconstructive surgery is common. Studies have demonstrated that diaphragm pacing (DP) improves lung function in patients with unilateral diaphragm paralysis. The goal of this study is to determine whether this technology can be applied to complex aortic repair to reduce prolonged MV and other respiratory sequelae. MethodsA retrospective review was performed of patients who underwent temporary DP after extensive aortic reconstructive surgery between 2019 and 2022. The primary end point was prolonged MV incidence. Other measured end points included diaphragm electromyography improvement, length of hospitalization, duration of intensive care unit stay, and reintubation rates. ResultsFourteen patients deemed at high risk of prolonged MV based on their smoking and respiratory history underwent DP after extensive aortic repair. The mean age was 70.2 years. The indications for aortic repair were a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (n = 8, including 2 ruptured, 2 symptomatic, and 1 mycotic), a perivisceral aneurysm (n = 4), and a perivisceral coral reef aorta (n = 2). All patients had a significant smoking history (active or former) or other risk factors for ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction and prolonged MV. The mean total duration of MV postoperatively was 31.9 hours (range, 8.1-76.5 hours). The total average pacing duration was 4.4 days. Two patients required prolonged MV, with an average of 75.4 hours. Two patients required reintubation. No complications related to DP wire placement or removal occurred. ConclusionsDP is safe and feasible for patients at high risk of pulmonary insufficiency after extensive aortic reconstructive surgery.

Evaluation of the Catheter Clamp over Hydrophilic Guide Wire Central Venous Catheter Exchange Technique for Air Embolism Prophylaxis in an In Vitro Model

PurposeTo develop a reproducible in vitro model simulating central venous catheter (CVC) exchange with high potential for air embolization and test the hypothesis that a closed catheter clamp over hydrophilic guide wire exchange technique will significantly reduce the volume of air introduced during CVC exchange. Materials and MethodsThe model consisted of a 16-F valved sheath, 240-mL container, and pressure transducer submerged in water in a 1,200-mL suction canister system. Continuous wall suction was applied to the canister to maintain negative pressure at −7 mm Hg or −11 mm Hg. Each trial consisted of 0.035-inch hydrophilic guide wire introduction, over-the-wire catheter exchange, and wire removal following clinical protocol. A total of 256 trials were performed, 128 trials at each pressure with the catheter clamp open (n = 64) or closed (n = 64) around the hydrophilic guide wire. ResultsThere was a statistically significant lower volume of air introduced with closed clamp over-the-wire exchanges than with open clamp exchanges at both pressures (2-tailed t-test, P < .001). At −7 mm Hg, a mean of 48.0 mL (SD ± 9.3) of air was introduced with open clamp and 20.6 mL (SD ± 4.7) of air was introduced with closed clamp. At −11 mm Hg, 97.8 mL (SD ± 11.9) of air was introduced with open clamp and 37.8 mL (SD ± 6.3) of air was introduced with closed clamp. ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the use of a reproducible in vitro model mimicking conditions causing air embolism during CVC exchange. Results showed that CVC exchange using closed catheter clamp over hydrophilic guide wire exchange technique significantly reduced the volume of air introduced per exchange.

The Impact of Gender and Age in Obese Patients on Sternal Instability and Deep-Sternal-Wound-Healing Disorders after Median Sternotomy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between age and sex in regard to the development of deep sternal wound infections and sternal instability following median sternotomy. A propensity-score-matching analysis was conducted on 4505 patients who underwent cardiac surgery between 2009 and 2021, all of whom had a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2. A total of 1297 matched pairs were determined in the sex group, and 1449 matched pairs we determined in the age group. The distributions of sex, age, diabetes mellitus, delirium, unstable sterna, wire refixation, wire removal, superficial vacuum-assisted wound closure, deep vacuum-assisted wound closure, clamp time, bypass time, logistic EuroSCORE, and BMI were determined. The 30-day in-hospital mortality was found to be similar in the older and younger groups (8.149% vs. 8.35%, p = 0.947), and diabetes mellitus was also equally distributed in both groups. However, postoperative delirium occurred significantly more often in the older group (29.81% vs. 17.46%, p < 0.001), and there was a significantly higher incidence in men compared with women (16.96% vs. 26.91%, p < 0.001). There were no differences found in the incidence of sternum instability, fractured sternum, superficial vacuum-assisted wound closure, and deep vacuum-assisted wound closure between the age and sex groups. In conclusion, this study found that sternal instability and deep-wound-healing problems occur with equal frequency in older and younger patients and in men and women following median sternotomy. However, the likelihood of postoperative delirium is significantly higher in older patients and in men. These findings suggest that a higher level of monitoring and care may be required for these high-risk patient groups to reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium and improve outcomes following median sternotomy.