Removal Of Reactive Textile Dye Research Articles

Novel polyvinylidene fluoride/lead-doped zinc oxide adsorptive membranes for enhancement of the removal of reactive textile dye

Novel hybrid polyvinylidene fluoride/lead-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles ultrafiltration membranes were successfully fabricated for the removal of Reactive Black 5 textile dye. The matrix membranes embedded with various weights of nanoparticles (5, 10 and 20 wt% of polyvinylidene fluoride) prepared by non-solvent induced phase separation wet process method. The membranes’ morphology structure, surface, chemical composition and hydrophilicity were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer analysis and water contact angle. The performances in terms of permeability, porosity, permeate flux and capacities of Reactive Black 5 textile dye retention were evaluated. Whereas the addition of low concentration of lead-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles doesn’t significantly modify polyvinylidene fluoride membranes structure and performance, the addition of 20 wt% of nanoparticles to casting solution modified the morphology, led to reduce the contact angle from 77° to 67° and enhanced the hydrophilicity of membranes. Static sorption and dynamic filtration were performed to evaluate the capacity of membrane to remove the Reactive Black 5 dye. Results showed the polyvinylidene fluoride/lead-doped zinc oxide composite membranes exhibit high efficiency in the adsorption and retention of Reactive Black 5 textile dye in comparison with polyvinylidene fluoride neat. The addition of 20 wt % of nanoparticles in membrane matrix showed high color removal rate (98%) and high adsorption properties in comparison with pure polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. With simple water cleaning, without addition of any chemical agent, the membranes recovered high performance.

A novel sorbent for removal of reactive textile dye: TDPA-KCl.

The use of alunite as an adsorbent for the removal of dye was the aim of this report. Mixing the alunite with different salts may allow adsorption with higher efficiency. In the present study, the thermal decomposition productof alunite-potassium chloride mixture (TDPA-KCl) was used efficiently and inexpensively to remove Reactive Blue 49 (RB49) dye. The adsorption capacity of TDPA-KCl was found to be affected by pH, temperature, adsorbent amount, calcination temperature, dye concentration, and ionic strength. The highest RB49 adsorption yield was obtained at an initial pH of 2 and an equilibrium was reached within 20 min using80 mg of adsorbent. The most suitable kinetic model was found as the pseudo-second-order and compatible isotherm was determined as the Langmuir model. The optimum adsorption capacity was found as 119.10 mg g-1 at 40 °C. ∆G°, ∆H°, and ∆S° values were calculated. A positive value of ∆H° stated that the adsorption is exothermic and spontaneous. In addition, ∆G° showed a more negative value when temperature was increased. Column studies indicated that TDPA-KCl could be effectively used for five cycles without any loss inits desorption potential. Breakthrough studies also supported a favorable adsorption of RB49 onto TDPA-KCl. This study showed that TDPA-KCl is a practical, efficient, and inexpensive adsorbent to remove reactive dyes from wastewater.

Immobilized Nanoparticles on Polymeric Carriers for Removal of Reactive Textile Dyes in Aqueous Media

In the waste water treatment, especially in the removal of textile dyes from aqueous media, it is known that photocatalytic oxidation technique has tremendous advantages compared to conventional techniques, such as quick oxidation, prevention of polycyclic end products, and oxidation of organic species even at µg/L concentrations. Heterogeneous photocatalysis consisting semiconductor oxides such as TiO 2 has been effectively implemented in aqueous media. However, problems such as catalyst separation and catalyst recovery are encountered when powder catalysts are used. Meanwhile, the fixation of oxides by any method reduces the catalytic effıciency. In this study, nanoparticles (10-100 nm) as heterogeneous catalysts were synthesized and then immobilized onto cross-linked polymer carriers that are able to swell in aqueous media in order to increase photocatalytic activity to the highest level. It has been seen that the removal of textile dyes is possible by means of nanoparticles immobilized onto cross-linked polymer carriers. The performance of photocatalyst was evaluated in the removal of reactive textile dye (Acid Red 14) from aqueous media.

Removal of reactive textile dye from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation in a continuous cell

In electrocoagulation (EC), coagulants are delivered in situ using the corrosion of sacrificial anodes when a DC voltage is applied. Simultaneously, electrolytic gases (H2) are generated at the cathode. Aluminum and iron materials are usually used as anodes, the dissolution of which produces hydroxides and polymeric hydroxides. These coagulants are able to destabilize colloidal suspensions and emulsions, to adsorb, neutralize, or precipitate dissolved polluting species, and finally to form flocs that can be removed either by settling or flotation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the operating parameters, such as initial pH, initial concentration (C0), residence time (τ), current density (j), and inlet flow rate (Q), on the removal of a red nylosan dye by EC process using aluminum electrode in a continuous electrochemical reactor. FTIR analysis was conducted to interpret the functional groups involved during the EC process. It was found that the increase in the current density up to 100 A m−2 had increased the dye removal efficiency and the optimum inlet flow rate for EC process was the minimum at 15 L h−1 and it has increased the electrical energy consumption. A rate of abatement of about 90% for turbidity and 97% for color was observed, when the initial concentration of the dye C0 was lower than 300 mg L−1, current density j = 300 A m−2, conductivity κ = 2.54 mS cm−1, inlet flow rate Q = 15 L h−1, residence time τ = 35 min, and initial pH ranged from 2.3 to 8.8. The specific electrical energy consumption was 19.5 kW h per kilogramme of removed dye.

Comparative studies on the removal of textile effluents by various eco-friendly adsorbent strategies

This article aimed to study the low cost, available and renewable biological adsorbent for the removal of reactive textile dye from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were carried out for sorption kinetics and isotherms. Operating variables were time and pH. Biosorption capacity seems to be enhanced by decreasing the pH. Maximum color removal was observed at pH 3–5. Experimental sorption kinetic data were fitted to both Lagergren's first-order and pseudo-second-order models and data were found to follow pseudo-second-order for all adsorbents (R 2 = 0.987).

An attractive agro-industrial by-product in environmental cleanup: Dye biosorption potential of untreated olive pomace

This research deals with the evaluation of highly available and cost effective waste biomass of olive pomace for the removal of reactive textile dye, RR198 from aqueous medium and a real effluent. The experiments were conducted to assess the effects of process variables such as initial pH, biosorbent dosage, contact time, temperature and ionic strength. The results showed that the highest dye biosorption capacity was found at pH 2 and the needed time to reach the biosorption equilibrium was 40 min with a biosorbent concentration of 3.0 g L −1. The sorption kinetics of dye was best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The equilibrium biosorption data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models and the results from the isotherm studies showed that the RR198 biosorption process occurred on a homogenous surface of the biosorbent. The waste biomass of olive oil industry displayed biosorption capacities ranging from 6.05 × 10 −5 to 1.08 × 10 −4 mol g −1 at different temperatures. The negative values of Δ G° and the positive value of Δ H° suggest that the biosorption process for RR198 was spontaneous and endothermic. Dye–biosorbent interactions were examined by FTIR and SEM analysis. Finally, high biosorption yield of olive waste for the removal of RR198 dye from real wastewater makes it possible that the olive pomace could be applied widely in wastewater treatment as biosorbent taking into account that no pretreatment on the solid residue is carried out.

Adsorptive removal of textile reactive dye using Posidonia oceanica (L.) fibrous biomass

The Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) leaf sheaths were used as low cost, available and renewable biological adsorbent for the removal of reactive textile dye from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were carried out for sorption kinetics and isotherms. Operating variables studied were temperature, pH and chemical pre-treatment. Biosorption capacity seems to be enhanced by increasing the temperature. Maximum colour removal was observed at pH 5. Pre-treating fibres with H3PO4 and HNO3 solutions increased the adsorption efficiency up to 80 %. Experimental sorption kinetic data were fitted to both Lagergren first-order and pseudo-second-order models and the data were found to follow first-order equation for raw fibres and pseudo-second-order for pre-treated ones. Equilibrium data were well represented by the Freundlich isotherm model for all tested adsorption systems. Besides, the thermodynamic study has showed that the dye adsorption phenomenon onto P. oceanica biomass was favourable, endothermic and spontaneous.