Removal Of Heavy Metal Pollutants Research Articles

Insight into the electrochemical process of EDTA-assisted soil washing effluent under alternating current

EDTA has been widely utilized as a chelating agent in soil heavy metal remediation, due to its strong coordination capability. Electrochemical deposition is a promising avenue to treat soil washing effluent. However, the impact of advanced electrochemical techniques on EDTA remains incompletely understood. Herein, we present a pioneering approach, utilizing a dual-chamber electrolytic cell and alternating current (AC) power supply. This approach achieves concurrent removal of M-EDTA while efficiently recovering heavy metal and recycling EDTA. Results demonstrate AC displays superior heavy metal removal capability for Cu, Pb, and Cd compare to direct current (DC), with EDTA decomposition mainly occurring in the anolyte. Substituting DC with AC and employing the dual-chamber electrolytic cell significantly enhances EDTA recovery efficiency from 47% to an impressive 96.8%. XPS and Raman spectra reveal an enhanced oxidative surface of the graphite anode under AC, which diminishes the decomposition of EDTA. Long-term experiments validate that this strategy boosts EDTA cyclability to 20 cycles with an outstanding 84% recovery efficiency and negligible electrode corrosion, surpassing the 8 cycles under the traditional strategy. This study innovatively combines cell design and electrochemical techniques, remarkably improving the reusability of EDTA and anode, offering valuable insights for chelate-related applications.

A review on heavy metal biosorption utilizing modified chitosan.

Heavy metal pollution in water bodies is a global concern. The prominent source of metal contamination in aqueous streams and groundwater is wastewater containing heavy metal ions. Elevated concentrations of heavy metals in water bodies can have a negative impact on water quality and public health. The most effective way to remove metal contaminants from drinking water is thought to be adsorption. A deacetylated derivative of chitin, chitosan, has a wide range of commercial uses since it is biocompatible, nontoxic, and biodegradable. Due to its exceptional adsorption behavior toward numerous hazardous heavy metals from aqueous solutions, chitosan and its modifications have drawn a lot of interest in recent years. Due to its remarkable adsorption behavior toward a range of dangerous heavy metals, chitosan is a possible agent for eliminating metals from aqueous solutions. The review has focused on the ideas of biosorption, its kinds, architectures, and characteristics, as well as using modified (physically and chemically modified) chitosan, blends, and composites to remove heavy metals from water. The main objective of the review is to describe the most important aspects of chitosan-based adsorbents that might be beneficial for enhancing the adsorption capabilities of modified chitosan and promoting the usage of this material in the removal of heavy metal pollutants.

Control the growth of Fe3O4 on the surface of saponite and its redox effect on Cr (VI)

In this paper, Magnetite/Saponite (Fe3O4/Sap) composites were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and co-precipitation. The prepared Fe3O4/sap composites had high purity and good crystallinity, and nano-Fe3O4 was uniformly dispersed on the surface of saponite. Moreover, the removal efficiency of Fe3O4/Sap composites for Cr (VI) in water was evaluated. This study revealed the existence of abundant oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups on the surface of Saponite. During the synthesis of Fe3O4 on the surface of Sap, the multi-directional crystallization can be controlled to increase the reaction activity of the system. Besides, the prepared Fe3O4/Sap composites provided more reactive edges compared to Fe3O4 in the process of removing Cr (VI). The removal amount of Cr (VI) was found to be 17.95 ​mg/g. The successful preparation of the Fe3O4/Sap composites and the revelation of the Cr (VI) adsorption mechanism are of great significance for the efficient and green removal of heavy metal pollutants in sewage.

Zeolite performance in removal of multicomponent heavy metal contamination from wastewater

Efficient removal of heavy metal pollutants from wastewater by ion-exchange sorbents requires knowledge and understanding of the interplay between the adsorption patterns of the different components. The present study elucidates the simultaneous adsorption characteristics of six toxic heavy metal cations (Cd2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+) by two synthetic (13X and 4 A) and one natural (clinoptilolite) zeolite from solutions containing equimolar mixtures of the six metals. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms and equilibration dynamics were obtained by ICP-OES and complemented by EDXRF. An order of magnitude lower adsorption efficiency was exhibited by clinoptilolite (maximum of 0.12 mmol ions/g zeolite), relative to that obtained by the synthetic zeolites 13X and 4 A (a maximum of 2.9 and 1.65 mmol ions/g zeolite respectively). The strongest affinities to both zeolites were demonstrated by Pb2+ and Cr3+ (1.5 and 0.85 mmol/g zeolite respectively for 13X, and 0.8 and 0.4 mmol/g zeolite respectively for 4 A adsorbed from the highest solution concentration). The weakest affinities were observed by Cd2+ (0.1 mmol/g for both zeolites), Ni2+ (0.2 and 0.1 mmol/g for 13X and 4 A respectively), and Zn2+ (0.1 mmol/g for both zeolites). Large differences were observed between the two synthetic zeolites in terms of their equilibration dynamics and adsorption isotherms. Pronounced maxima were displayed in the adsorption isotherms for zeolites 13X and 4 A. The decline in adsorption of the weaker adsorbing ions with the increase in total solution concentration was attributed to the thermodynamic equilibrium between the ions adsorbed on the zeolite surface and those in the solution. Regeneration by 3 M KCL eluting solution resulted in considerable reduction in adsorption capacities following each desorption cycle.

A state-of-the-art of phytoremediation approach for sustainable management of heavy metals recovery

Phytoremediation is deemed as an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative which utilizes different types of hyperaccumulator plants known as macrophytes for the removal of heavy metal pollutants from water through different mechanisms including phytoextraction, rhizofiltration, phytovolatilization and phytostabilization. The phytoremediation efficiency is affected by several key factors such as plant species (floating, emergent and submerged), surrounding climate (temperature of about 27 °C with sufficient sunlight and water) and environmental conditions (appropriate amount of sodium chloride, nutrients and chelating agents at pH of 5 to 6). The main problem of phytoremediation is the potential secondary pollution due to the re-released of absorbed contaminants by plants which requires utmost attention. The post-treatment disposal and handling methods of post-phytoremediation plants are reviewed extensively. Heat treatment method is able to produce valuable biochemicals at high temperatures range from 160 to 1600 °C. Extraction treatment can extract up to 99 % of heavy metals, while composting requires relatively low energy usage. Synthesis of nanomaterials from phytoremediated plants reduce the usage of hazardous chemicals but hard to be upscaled. Meanwhile, phytomining is economically feasible (saving of up to $8,710 per hectare of crops) but restricted to certain heavy metal treatment. The major hurdle remains in the capability of these methods to achieve great balance between economic viability and environmental impacts. Therefore, the ultimate goal of this paper is to provide the technical assessment and perspective views in optimizing the phytoremediation performance as well as addressing the underlaying issues corresponded to the available post-phytoremediation treatment disposal and handling methods in order to amplify the commercial value of phytoremediation process as a whole.

Utilization of date pits derived Bio-adsorbent for heavy metals in wastewater treatment: Review

This article provides an overview of the role of raw and burnt date pits as bio-waste for heavy metal removal. In recent years, many studies on the adsorption properties of various low-cost adsorbents, such as agricultural waste and activated carbons based on agricultural waste, have been published. This review summarizes recent research demonstrating the utility of raw and modified date pits biomass-based adsorbents in the removal of heavy metal pollutants from wastewater. Additionally, the chemical compositions, the derived activated carbon, and the proposed mechanism of heavy metal ions were discussed. It thoroughly showed how essential variables including pH, adsorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentration, physical and chemical properties, and temperature affect the adsorption of heavy metals. The significant application of date pits as a bio-adsorbent of heavy metal ions was demonstrated. According to the literature, date pit-based adsorbents are the most promising adsorbents for removing toxic materials because they adsorb heavy metals from aqueous solutions with high capacity in a short period.

Preparation of esterified biomass waste hydrogels and their removal of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ from aqueous solution.

The treatment of polluted water is a serious environmental problem in the world. Biomass is easily modified and can be prepared into adsorbent materials, which is expected to solve the problem of heavy metal ion adsorption in sewage. In this paper, esterified tobacco straw based hydrogels (ETS-PAA) were synthesized from waste tobacco straw biomass. The structure and thermal stability of these hydrogels were characterized by FTIR, SEM, EDS, XPS and TG. The adsorption of metal ions by the hydrogel was measured by ICP-MS. The effects of initial ion concentration, adsorption time, pH, and temperature on the heavy metal adsorption were investigated. The results showed that ETS-PAA possessed more pores, which led to a better adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption amounts of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ were 2.41mmol·g-1, 1.93mmol·g-1 and 1.77mmol·g-1, respectively. Finally, the adsorption mechanism and kinetics were analyzed. The adsorption was mainly accomplished by ion exchange of -COOK on the monomer chain with heavy metal ions, coordination of -OH and -CONH with heavy metal ions and interaction of ester bond, -COOH with heavy metal ions. The adsorption process was in accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich model. The adsorption process belonged to multilayer chemisorption. This work shows that ETS-PAA was a promising material for the removal of heavy metal pollutants from aqueous solution.

Construction of the composites of nitrogen and sulfur-doped porous carbon and layered double hydroxides and the synergistic removal of heavy metal pollutants

• High dispersion and stable attachment of LDH on nitrogen and sulfur doped porous carbon (NSPC). • The synergistic effect of LDH and NSPC enhances the adsorption of heavy metal ions. • The adsorption mechanism was attributed to surface complexation. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) composites (NSPC@LDH) were successfully prepared on nitrogen and sulfur-doped porous carbon (NSPC) by a simple co-precipitation method. The synergistic effect between the modified porous carbon and LDH enhanced its adsorption performance. Compared with pure LDH, the composite had a larger specific surface area (188.78 m 2 /g) and pore structure with a smaller crystallite size (4.56 nm). The porous carbon carrier effectively mitigated the aggregation effect of LDH. The maximum adsorption capacities of NSPC@LDH for Zn 2+ (100 ppm) and Cu 2+ (100 ppm) were 125.7 mg/g and 137.5 mg/g, respectively, which were 2.85 and 2.39 times the original LDH. The XRD and XPS studies of the adsorbent after adsorption revealed that surface complexation and physical adsorption played a dominant role in the removal of Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ , and the introduction of N, S heteroatoms provided more active centers for heavy metal ions. Moreover, after five desorption cycles, NSPC@LDH still exhibited high removal efficiency. The results indicated that the synthesized NSPC@LDH composites have great potential for removing Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ from aqueous solutions.

Detection and separation of silver ions from industrial wastewaters using fluorescent d-glucose carbon nanosheets and quaternary silver indium zinc sulphide quantum dots

Carbon nanomaterials are essential for functions such as electronic connectivity, wastewater purification, energy and environmental sustainability applications. In this report, fluorescent carbon nanosheet was obtained from d-glucose (F-GCNS) via a low-temperature in-situ pyrolysis. The as-synthesized F-GCNS were characterized using conventional spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Furthermore, the nanosheets were used to detect and separate silver ions (Ag+) from aqueous solutions with a detection limit (LOD) of 1.74 ppm and about 98.42 ± 0.69 % removal for concentrations ranging between 0 and 20 ppm and 100 and 200 ppm respectively. Comparably, at all concentrations, the nanosheets exhibited an LOD better than that of the quaternary silver indium zinc sulphide quantum dots (Glu-AISZ) (LOD = 7.96, R2 0.6524 for 0–20 ppm and 28.01, R2 = 0.95418 for 30–100 ppm respectively). The F-GCNS showed attractiveness for simultaneous detection and removal of heavy metal pollutants from industrial wastewater.

Removal of Cu Ions in Wastewater through a Combined Foam Separation‐Cell Adsorption Approach

AbstractThe removal of heavy metal pollutants from industrial wastewater is important to ensure the safety of the environment and humans. In this study, rhamnolipids from Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used to treat synthetic wastewater containing Cu ions (100 mg L−1) by foam separation. A high removal efficiency of 99.52 % was achieved when the somatic cells of inactivated P. aeruginosa were used as biosorbents. The analysis of the adsorption kinetics showed that dynamic biosorption followed the Langmuir isotherm model and that the bacterial cells had a strong adsorption effect on Cu ions. The novel technology based on the combination of foam separation and biosorption serves as an effective approach for the removal of Cu ions from industrial wastewater.

Functionalized lignin-based magnetic adsorbents with tunable structure for the efficient and selective removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution

With the increasing concern in sustainable development and environmental governance, the biomass-based magnetic materials containing sufficient active sites and regular structure can be regarded as the high-performance adsorbents for removal of heavy metal pollutants from wastewater. In this study, we reported the tunable covalent binding of lignin onto amine-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (AMNP) using cyanuric chloride as a chemoselective cross-linker. The chemical structures, morphologies, and magnetic properties of the synthesized lignin-based magnetic adsorbents (L1@MNP and L2@MNP) were comprehensively characterized. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate various effecting factors, including pH, contact time, solution concentration and temperature. With the higher component ratio of AMNP/lignin, L1@MNP displayed higher adsorption affinity (qmax = 111.23 mg/g) and selectivity towards Pb(II) than L2@MNP (qmax = 81.97 mg/g). The adsorption kinetics agreed well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the thermodynamic adsorption behaviors were found to be an endothermic and spontaneous process. In addition, the presence of magnetic cores in the network facilitated the fast recovery of both two magnetic adsorbents after the adsorption process, owing to the good superparamagnetic properties for L1@MNP (40.06 emu/g) and L2@MNP (26.95 emu/g). Furthermore, the core–shell magnetic adsorbents also showed superior stability even in an acidic solution, of which the removal efficiency could well maintain over 85% after 5 cycles. This work provides a facile strategy for the design and synthesis of lignin-based adsorbents with flexible nanoparticles as a building block for the potential application prospects in Pb(II) removal from wastewater.

Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Coated Sand

Heavy metals are the most hazardous pollutants present in industrial and domestic wastewater. Wastewater containing heavy metal ions is considered as one of the serious environmental problem. Among all water contaminants, heavy metal ions such as lead, cadmium, zinc, nickel and mercury have high toxic and non- biodegradable properties and can cause severe health problems in animals and human beings. Several conventional methods exist for the removal of heavy metal pollutants from wastewater. Among these techniques, the adsorption process has come to the forefront as one of the major techniques for heavy metal removal from water/wastewater. This paper presents synthesis of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles coated sand and the removal of heavy metals using titanium dioxide nanoparticles coated sand.This review also presents an overview of the importance of nanotechnology in removing heavy metals from water/wastewater.

Performance Evaluation in Removing Heavy Metals from Waste Water by Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Coated Sand: A Review

Heavy metals are the most hazardous pollutants present in industrial and domestic wastewater. Wastewater containing heavy metal ions is considered as one of the serious environmental problem. Among all water contaminants, heavy metal ions such as lead, cadmium, zinc, nickel and mercury have high toxic and non- biodegradable properties and can cause severe health problems in animals and human beings. Several conventional methods exist for the removal of heavy metal pollutants from wastewater. Among these techniques, the adsorption process has come to the forefront as one of the major techniques for heavy metal removal from water/wastewater. This paper presents synthesis of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles coated sand and the removal of heavy metals using titanium dioxide nanoparticles coated sand. Besides, the adsorption isotherm model and adsorption kinetics are introduced briefly to understand the adsorption procedure. This review also presents an overview of the importance of nanotechnology in removing heavy metals from water/wastewater.

Physico-chemical analysis of selected industrial effluents and its treatment using novel biocarbon

In the present research work, Industrial effluents from a sugar industry, thermal power plant and a leather industry wastewater are collected in selected locations in Chennai region during January 2018 to December 2019. In the present research work, the following essential physico-chemical parameters such as colour, pH, electrical conductivity, TDS, TSS, TH, DO, BOD, COD and metals such as calcium and magnesium, anions of chloride, sulphate and nitrate was determined. In addition, selected heavy metals for instance Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr which are commonly found in the industrial wastewater is quantified for assessing the level of pollution load in the wastewater. In the present research work, the removal of heavy metal pollutants and the organic load was carried out using AIBC as adsorbent and the results indicates that, in sugar, thermal power plant and leather industry wastewater, the percent removal of Cu is 91.23, 90.32 and 81.12 and Cd is 92.34, 94.64 and 92.20, Pb is 93.64, 95.15 and 90.74, Ni is 90.59, 94.79 and 82.31 and Cr is 93.85, 92.38 and 84.95 respectively. In the present investigation, the use of biocarbon produced from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis and interfaced with alumina as support material was used as an effective, low-cost and inexpensive material for the removal of heavy metals Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr from selected industrial effluent for the treatment of wastewater.

Soil Physicochemical Properties, Metal Deposition, and Ultrastructural Midgut Changes in Ground Beetles, Calosoma chlorostictum, under Agricultural Pollution

Unsustainable agricultural practices that minimize soil organic matter can promote the removal of heavy metal pollutants into the food chain. Such polluted soils can release contaminants into the groundwater, which leads to accumulation in plant tissue that is transferred to animals, birds, insects, and humans. Biomonitors of soil pollution with heavy metals can be identified by the ground beetles Calosoma chlorostictum (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as bioindicators of soil quality and its yield sustainability. The experiment was performed on two sites in Zagazig City (30.62° N, 31.44° E), Egypt. The physicochemical parameters indicated that soil moisture and organic matter had the highest differences in the polluted agricultural soil compared to the reference soil. However, there were no significant differences in chloride content. The atomic absorption analysis exhibited the highest concentration recorded for arsenic (As) and the lowest for selenium (Se) in the polluted soil and the insect’s midgut. Meanwhile, the differences between heavy metal concentrations in the total soil and midgut of C. chlorostictum from current sites indicated that the highest differences were in aluminum (Al) and mercury (Hg), while arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) were the lowest. Furthermore, the correlation between heavy metal concentrations in the soil and insect midgut was highest in As, while the lowest correlation was noticed in Al. We used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that showed a more considerable disturbance in the C. chlorostictum midgut epithelial layer collected from the agricultural area than in the insects collected from the reference area. Evident ultrastructural alterations showed a rupture and distortion of microvilli, destruction of the columnar and regenerative cells, large separation between epithelial cells, and stretching of the cellular axis, as a result of which the lumen became very narrow. Moreover, a lot of vacuoles with little enzyme secretion were observed in the columnar epithelial cells. In addition, other manifestations due to pollution with heavy metals such as a pyknotic nucleus with abnormal chromatin, cytoplasmic vacuolization, disruptions, and vacuolation of mitochondria were detected, as well as the appearance of electron-dense vesicles, a lot of lysosomes, large myelin figures, and dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum on account of soil contamination. Potential counteractive health influence in such applications could be avoided if the soil was adequately treated.

Construction of physically crosslinked chitosan/sodium alginate/calcium ion double-network hydrogel and its application to heavy metal ions removal

Abstract Chemical hydrogels have been extensively applied to the removal of heavy metal pollutants. However, most of chemical hydrogels inevitably contain toxic chemical crosslinker residues, which impose serious threats on the environment. Herein, a novel eco-friendly physically-crosslinked double-network hydrogel of chitosan/sodium alginate/calcium ion (CTS/SA/Ca2+ PCDNH) was prepared by the combination of the semi-dissolution acidification sol–gel transition method with the internal gelation method. The PCDNH is formed via the physical crosslinking of sustainable biopolymers, which avoids the excessive use of toxic chemical reagents. In addition, the PCDNH exhibits significantly better mechanical properties than the single-network physical hydrogel crosslinked via electrostatic interactions, which overcomes the weak mechanical properties of physical hydrogels. The formation mechanism and structure of the hydrogel were determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 13C solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-SSNMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The heavy metal ions adsorption mechanism was explored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were further studied to understand the adsorption mechanism. Our work has provided a new method for the fabrication of natural polymers-based eco-friendly, low-cost and robust physical hydrogels for the heavy metal ions removal.

Biosorption of Iron (II) from Aqueous Solution on Live Biomass of Aspergillus versicolor

The development of novel biosorbent is a challenge in the age of biotechnology. Biosorbent has a higher capacity for the removal of heavy metal pollutants from industrial wastewater and is necessary as it is more efficient than traditional technologies. In this study, we have examined living biomass of Aspergillus versicolor for the removal of Fe(II) from aqueous solution and found its maximum biosorption capacity of Fe(II) was 4.44 mg/g. This biosorption process was also tested under different conditions such as contact time, pH, temperature and initial metal ion concentration in batch setup. The optimum rate of biosorption was found after 8th days of contact time at pH 5.0 and 30˚C of temperature. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model was successfully applied for the Fe(II) biosorption data and their value of correlation coefficients (R2) were obtained as 0.971 and 0.981, respectively, thus both isotherm models were best fitted on the equilibrium data.

O-carboxymethyl functionalization of chitosan: Complexation and adsorption of Cd (II) and Cr (VI) as heavy metal pollutant ions

Chitosan (CHI) is a biopolymer that can be used on complexation and adsorption of heavy metals in water. Chitosan can be chemically functionalized to modulate the pH range of solubility and favoring the complexation and adsorption processes with metal ions. Thus, in this study, it was investigated the synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC) as well as its application for the complexation and adsorption of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) ions at different pH conditions and compared to pristine chitosan. The properties of the synthesized derivative were extensively characterized by potentiometric titration, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The complexation and adsorption behaviors of CHI and CMC were assessed using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) and zeta potential analysis. The results demonstrated that O-carboxymethylation of chitosan has occurred with a degree of functionalization higher than 50% leading to the formation of CMC soluble in alkaline medium. In addition, the effective incorporation of carboxylic groups in the chitosan chain (CMC) has significantly altered the complexation and adsorption responses towards heavy metal cations (Cd2+) and anions (chromates) as compared to CHI. Therefore, these systems offer an attractive alternative as biosorbents for the removal of heavy metal pollutants from the wastewater.

ACID MINE DRAINAGE TREATMENT BY PERLITE NANOMINERAL, BATCH AND CONTINUOUS SYSTEMS

Abstract In this paper the adsorption activity of perlite nanoparticles for removal of Cu2+, Fe2+ and Mn2+ ions at Iran Sarcheshmeh copper acid mine drainage was discussed. Thus, raw perlite that provided from internal resource was modified and prepared via particles size reduction to nano scale and characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transforms infrared and BET specific surface area analysis. The results of acid mine drainage show that pH of acid mine drainage is 5.1 and Cu2+, Fe2+ and Mn2+ ions are 10.5, 4.1 and 8.3 ppm, respectively. Firstly in the batch system the influence of adsorbent dose and temperature parameters were considered and then isothermal and kinetic models were investigated. According to the results the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetic model showed better correlation with the experimental data than other isotherm and kinetic models. Obtained thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° show that the Cu2+, Fe2+ and Mn2+ ions adsorption from acid mine drainage is spontaneous and endothermic. Finally, perlite nanoparticles adsorbent was packed inside a glass column and used for the removal of heavy metals in 1, 3, 5 ml/min acid mine drainage flow rates, the breakthrough curves show that the column was saturated at 180, 240 and 315 min for different flow rates, respectively. According to the obtained results, this abundant, locally available and cheap silicate mineral showed a great efficiency for the removal of heavy metal pollutants from acid mine drainage and can be utilized for much volume of acid mine drainage or industrial scale.

Phytoremediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Soil by Two Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosusL.) Genotypes

Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) can be used not just for bioethanol production, bur potentially also for soil phytoremediation via removal of heavy metal pollutants. An experiment was carried out to characterize the phytoextraction efficiency of two Jerusalem artichoke genotype (NY2 and NY5) in cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. After 90 days of growth, NY5 had greater plant biomass and greater Cd accumulation in tissues than NY2. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were slightly higher when plants were grown in Cd-contaminated versus control soil. It implies that this examined NY2 and NY5 can extract more Cd than some hyperaccumulators, indicating that NY2 and NY5 can be applied to clean up Cd-contaminated soils. Compared with NY2, NY5 had higher phytoextraction potential due to more biomass and higher concentrations of Cd in tissues, and may therefore be the better candidates for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated soil.