Removal Of Body Research Articles

Particulate matter in necropsy activities: experience from a health operators’ exposure monitoring campaign

BackgroundOperators in the obituary and necropsy sectors are exposed to various environmental hazards during specific tasks. Despite this exposure, occupational risks have often been underestimated, resulting in a lack of substantial evidence. The primary objectives of this study were to identify sources of chemical risk, establish procedures for monitoring and quantifying exposure during necropsy activities, and recommend adjustments to regulatory guidelines to protect the health of the operators. The study was conducted at the Legal Medicine Unit of the Umberto I General Hospital in Rome, focusing on the quantitative measurement of particulate matter (PM) exposure among at-risk operators during necropsy activities. Environmental levels of total suspended particles, PM10, PM4, PM2.5, and PM1 were assessed by evaluating the average, minimum, and maximum instantaneous indoor concentrations using an airborne analyzer.ResultsThe monitoring activities revealed that the PM concentrations were significantly lower than the recognized reference values. However, bone sawing, body removal, and cleaning were identified as high-risk maneuvers for dust suspension.ConclusionsOur study highlighted specific risks associated with necropsy activities, particularly concerning timing and certain maneuvers. These results may lead to interventions for improving current prevention procedures, implementing good practices, and developing specific guidelines to enhance operator safety.

The cost of illness and burden of suicide and suicide attempts in France

BackgroundWith 11,558 deaths and 200,000 suicide attempts in 2019, France is among the European countries most affected. The aim of this study was to determine the costs and burden of suicides and suicide attempts in France (population 67 million).MethodsWe estimated direct costs, comprising healthcare, as well as post-mortem costs including autopsy, body removal, funeral expenses, police intervention and support groups; indirect costs comprised lost productivity, daily allowances; the burden of disease calculations used a monetary value for death and disability based on incidence data. Data was obtained from the national statistics, health and social care database, registries, global burden of disease, supplemented by expert opinion. We combined top down and bottom up approaches.ResultsThe total costs and burden of suicides and suicide attempts was estimated at €18.5 billion and €5.4 billion, respectively. Direct costs were €566 million and €75 million; indirect costs were €3.8 billion and €3.5 billion; monetary value for death and disability was €14.6 billion and €1.3. The monetary value for death and disability represented 79.1% and 24.8% of total costs for suicide and suicide attempt respectively.Some costs were based upon expert opinion, caregivers’ burden was not counted and pre COVID data only is reported.ConclusionsIn France, the total cost and burden of suicides and suicide attempts was several billion €, suggesting major potential savings from public health interventions.

SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF IN-OFFICE HAND PROCEDURES

In-office surgeries have the potential to offer high quality medical care in a more efficient, cost-effective setting than outpatient surgical centers for certain procedures. The primary concerns with operating on patients in the office setting are insufficient sterility and lack of appropriate resources in case of excessive bleeding or other surgical complications. This study serves to investigate these concerns and determine whether in-office hand surgeries are safe and clinically effective.A retrospective review of patients who underwent minor hand operations in the office setting between December 2020 and December 2021 was performed. The surgical procedures included in this analysis are needle aponeurotomy, trigger finger release, mass/foreign body removal and reduction of hand/wrist fracture with or without percutaneous pinning.No major complications requiring extended observation or hospital admission occurred. 122 of the 132 patients (92.4%) were successfully treated with no complications and only mild symptoms within one month of surgery. Five patients (3.8%) returned to the office for pain, inflammation and/or stiffness of the affected finger, with two of the five returning due to osteoarthritis and/or pseudogout flare-ups. Five additional patients returned due to incomplete treatment with continued presence of Dupuytren's contracture (3), trigger finger (1) or infected foreign body (1). One patient (0.8%) developed infection, due to incomplete removal of an infected foreign body, which was subsequently treated with antibiotics and complete foreign body removal.The absence of major complications and high success rate for minor hand procedures shows the high degree of safety and efficacy which can be achieved via the in-office setting for select procedures. While proper patient selection is key, our result shows the in-office procedure room setting can offer the necessary elements of sterility and hemostatic support for several common hand surgeries.

Colonoscopic Removal of Foreign Body: A Case Report

Colonoscopic Removal of Foreign Body: A Case Report

STUCK UP!!!- CASE REPORT OF A RECTAL FOREIGN BODY

Rectal foreign bodies have a been a part of history for causing anorectal trauma. The first described report on the management of retained rectal foreign bodies dates back to the 16th century,and the first case reports of the modern era were published in 1919. The mean age at presentation is 44 years with a decidedly higher proportion of male patients.Mostly the foreign body found in rectum are inserted with an attempt to hide illegal objects or for sexual activities, and patients do not share complete and proper history with the treating doctor because of Embarrassment which complicates the management. We present a case of 30-year-old /M, who works in a plastic factory presented to casualty with c/o Constipation and Abdominal pain. On Detailed History the Patient explained the incident of inserting a self-made plastic tube in the Rectum which failed to come out on trying. On Xray Abdomen Erect s/o dilated bowel loops, with no gas under diaphragm. CECT showed large oblong foreign body in Rectum. Patient was taken to operating room and Manual removal of Foreign Body done under Spinal Anaesthesia. Foreign body was found to be a tubular, blunt, atraumatic plastic tube. Thus, we present a case of Rectal Foreign body which could be removed without operative intervention as the object was blunt and patient presented early to casualty.

Management of Inedible Airway Foreign Bodies in Pediatric Rigid Bronchoscopy: Experience From a National Children's Regional Medical Center in China.

The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of inedible airway foreign bodies in pediatric rigid bronchoscopy to facilitate the improvement of management and technology. This retrospective analytical study was performed from January 2017 to June 2020. All admissions of pediatric patients (age<18 years) with foreign-body aspiration diagnosis codes ([ICD]-10:T17 300, T17 400, T17 500 and T17 900) and procedure codes (33.7801) were extracted. Age, sex, preoperative history and imaging data, surgical records, length of hospital stay, reoperations and postoperative complications were included. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20. A total of 1237 patients were hospitalized and underwent rigid bronchoscopy. Forty-five (3.6%) patients with inedible foreign bodies in the airway were confirmed. There were no significant differences in sex, time of onset and length of hospital stay between the inedible and edible foreign body groups, except for age and a definite history of foreign body aspiration (P = 0.000). Coughing, wheezing and fever were the common clinical symptoms in all patients. The following were the common locations of inedible foreign bodies: right bronchus (22/45), left bronchus (18/45), trachea (3/45) and larynx (2/45). The most frequent inedible foreign bodies were parts of a pen (15/45), a light-emitting diode (7/45) and plastic parts of toys (6/45). Vocal cord injury and a laryngeal web were observed in one case each.ConclusionRigid bronchoscopy is the method of choice for the removal of inedible foreign bodies. Adequate preoperative assessment to rely on CT scans, skillful operation techniques to avoid damaging and active management of postoperative complications are important for the success of the procedure.

Academician Ivan Stepanovich Kolesnikov (1901–1985) (on the 120&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; anniversary of the birth)

Received 25.02.2022; accepted 09.03.2022 An outstanding Soviet surgeon, one of the founders of military field surgery – participant in six wars, Hero of Socialist Labor (1976), academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (1971), Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1964), laureate of the Lenin Prize (1961) and the USSR State Prize (1985), Major General of the Medical Service (1953), Professor Ivan Stepanovich Kolesnikov was born on December 2 (15), 1901 in the village of Podosinovka, Novokhopersky District, Voronezh Province. In 1931, he graduated from the Military Medical Academy, in 1932 he entered the adjunct course at the Department of Hospital Surgery of the Military Medical Academy headed by Professor S. P. Fedorov, and in 1936, defended his PhD thesis «Transfusion of conserved blood». During the Great Patriotic War, he held the positions of army surgeon and chief surgeon of the Karelian Front. Together with P. A. Kupriyanov, in the period from 1946 to 1955, he published the «Atlas of Gunshot Wounds» in 10 volumes. In 1946, he defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic: «Removal of foreign bodies from the pleural cavity, pleural junctions and indurations, lungs and mediastinum». In 1953, I.S. Kolesnikov was appointed head of the Department and Clinic of Hospital Surgery of the Military Medical Academy, since 1976 – professor-consultant of the Academy. He was the author and co-author of more than 170 scientific papers, including 25 monographs, manuals and textbooks. Under his leadership, 26 doctoral and 43 candidate dissertations were prepared and defended. I.S. Kolesnikov is rightfully recognized as the founder of the national scientific school of thoracic surgery and one of the world luminaries of military field surgery. Academician Ivan Stepanovich Kolesnikov died on May 18, 1985 and was buried at the academic site of the Theological Cemetery in Saint Petersburg.

A “Missed” Nasal Button Battery in a Child During the COVID-19 Pandemic

A 5-year-old boy was referred acutely to the on-call ENT doctor following multiple remote consultations with his general practitioner with 2 months history of worsening left-sided foul-smelling nasal discharge and bleeding. He underwent examination under anaesthesia and removal of nasal foreign body which was subsequently identified as a button battery. This case highlights the challenges posed to clinicians during the COVID-19 pandemic but also serves as a reminder to keep a high index of suspicion and low threshold for clinical examination in suspected cases of nasal foreign body.

Fireworks ocular injury in Saudi children: profile and management outcomes

To explore the demographic profiling, causes, types, complications, management outcomes, and severity of fireworks-inflicted ocular injuries in children in KSA. This is a retrospective study of 115 cases with eye injuries managed at the Emergency Department, of our institution between 2003 and 2019. Demography, clinical features at presentation, mode of management and the Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated at the last follow up. The study included 117 eyes of 115 children [median age: 9 years; 96 (83.5%) boys;19 (16.5%) girls]. Fifty-six (48.7%) participants were bystanders. The injuries were caused mainly due to bangers (n = 47; 40.9%), rockets in bottle (n = 28; 24.3%), firecrackers (n = 27; 23.5%), and nonspecific reasons (n = 13; 11.3%). The children had presented with various severity levels: corneal abrasion (n = 52; 44.4%); cataract (n = 47;40.2%); penetrating injury (n = 40; 34.2%); secondary glaucoma (n = 22;18.8%); subluxated lens (n = 19;16.2%); limbal stem cell deficiency (n = 14;12.0%); Iridodialysis (n = 12;10.3%), and vitreous hemorrhage (n = 11;9.4%). Management interventions of the eyes under study included: penetrating injury repair (n = 40; 34.2%), lens removal plus intraocular lens implantation (n = 26; 22.2%), removal of foreign body (n = 9; 7.7%). The BCVA after six months was 20/20 to 20/60 in 49 (41%) cases; 20/70 to 20/200 in 27 (23.1%) cases; < 20/200 to 20/400 in 7 (6%) cases, and < 20/400 in 34 (29.1%) of the cases. Out of 51.3% eyes with < 20/200 before management, only 35% recorded severe visual impairment. Fireworks-related eye injuries were mainly observed in boys primarily due to the use of bangers. Visual disability remained in one-third of the managed cases.

Suppurative thyroiditis caused by ingested fish bone in the thyroid gland: a case report on its diagnostics and surgical therapy

BackgroundAccidental ingestion of fish bone is a common cause of otolaryngological emergency. Migration of the ingested bone into the thyroid gland, however, occurs very rarely. The associated clinical presentation, symptoms and duration of discomfort are also highly variable between patients and can be diagnostically challenging.Case presentationHere, we report the case of a 71-year-old female patient presenting with an ingested fish bone that migrated into the right thyroid lobe as a rare cause of suppurative thyroiditis with the clinical features of sepsis. We outline the diagnostic approach, peri- and intraoperative management as well as complications. It is proposed that besides endoscopy, imaging methods such as ultrasound or computed tomography may be necessary to verify the diagnosis and location of an ingested fish bone. Prompt surgical removal of the foreign body and resection of the infectious focus is recommended to minimize the risk of local inflammation, recurrent nerve lesions and septic complications arising from the spread of infection.ConclusionFish bone migration into the thyroid gland is an extremely rare event, the successful detection and surgical management of which can be achieved through a careful interdisciplinary approach.

The rabbits retina functional state after exposure to low-frequencyultrasound: electroretinogram indicators analysis

Relevance. Currently, several groups of scientists are working on the implementation of low-frequency ultrasound in surgery of the retina and vitreous body. But there are not enough articles on the study of the functional activity of the retina when exposed to this type of energy. Electrophysiological research methods make it possible to analyze and evaluate the safety, effectiveness of surgical interventions, the effect of new drugs at the level of neurons and visual pathways. The electroretinography method makes it possible to record the bioelectrical activity of retinal neurons during light stimulation during dark and light adaptation. The aim of the study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the a- and b-wave indices of the rabbit electroretinogram after experimental removal of the vitreous body using low-frequency ultrasound and mechanical action. Materials and Methods. Experiments were carried out in two groups of Chinchilla rabbits (n = 40). In the experimental group, surgery to remove the vitreous body was performed using low-frequency ultrasound, in the control group a fragmentator with guillotine mechanism was used. Before and after the surgery (1, 7, 14, 30 days) an electroretinogram was recorded, the parameters of the amplitude and latency of the a- and b-waves were measured. Results and Discussion. In both groups, a sharp decrease in all parameters was observed on day 1. Later, on the 7th day, the dynamics of the latency of a- and b-waves slightly decreased than the preoperative values. On the 14th day after the exposure, the amplitude and peak latency of the a- and b-waves in both groups remained at the same level as on the 7th day. On the 30th day, the indicators increased, which indicates the restoration of the functions of photoreceptors and Mueller cells in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the study groups at all periods of the study. Conclusion. The use of low-frequency ultrasound for vitreous removal can be considered safe and has prospects for further development and application.

EquineReview

Introduction: This edition of the Equine Review looks at recent papers on osteochondral fragmentation and surgical removal of intra-articular bodies from the cervical articular process joints, and the effect of bit chewing on gastrointestinal transit time in clinically normal horses.

Metallic Dental Burr as an Iatrogenic Foreign Body in Maxillary Sinus - A Case Report

The foreign body in the maxillary sinus is quite a rare incidence. It may found in the case of maxillofacial trauma causing displacement of the tooth into maxillary sinus. The metallic foreign body may happen in case of gunshot injury and bullet, or pellet may retain in the maxillary sinus. Very rarely metallic foreign body like a dental burr may get lodged into maxillary sinus during dental procedure. If it happens ENT surgeon may be called upon to deal the foreign body.In this article we will describe a case that was referred to the ENT department, Khulna Medical College Hospital for removal of a dental burr retained in maxillary sinus. The accident happened in Dental department of the same hospital. We reviewed the options for the removal of the foreign body. There are two accepted approaches open and endoscopic for management of such cases. We successfully removed the foreign body through open approach.

METHODS OF SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION AND PERULICARITIES OF POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT

The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of surgical interventions and the features of the postoperative period in patients with acute intestinal obstruction. Materials and methods. The study was based on the results of treatment of 154 patients with acute benign intestinal obstruction, who underwent various types of surgical interventions for this pathology. There were 87 men (56.5%) and 67 women (43.5%), their age ranged from 18 to 78 years; most of the patients were residents of Baku (124 patients, 80.5%), 30 patients (19.5%) were residents of the regions of the Azerbaijan Republic. Results. Sigmoid colon resection was performed on in 25 patients (16.2% of cases); resection of various parts of the small intestine was performed on in 26 patients (16.9% of cases). To determine the boundaries of viable parts of the intestine and the extent of resection in the patients, the common and classical criteria were used: pulsation of the mesentery vessels, the presence of peristalsis, and colour of the serous covering after warming of an intestinal segment of questionable viability with hot wet wipes. Hagen-Thorn surgery was usually performed on in elderly patients with acute intestinal obstruction as a result of sigmoid colon inversion that made up 8.4% of all operations performed. Subtotal colectomy with ileorectoanastomosis was performed on in 7 patients (4.6% of cases). Operations of the Hartmann type despite the aetiology were performed in 31 patients (20.1% of cases). Right-sided hemicolectomy with ileotransverse anastomosis was performed in 4 patients (2.6% of cases). Enterotomy with the removal of stones or foreign bodies followed by suturing of the defect in the intestinal wall was performed in 5 patients (3.3% of cases).All the patients were subject to one of the main stages of intra-abdominal intervention – the simultaneous intraoperative decompression of the intestinal tract by evacuating the contents using one of the generally accepted standard techniques (by using intestinal tube, emulging, enterotomy, etc.). Conclusions. Although the duration of the preoperative preparation itself was individual for each patient and depended on the specific circumstances, in general, it was 3.6±0.8 hours in the patients with acute intestinal obstruction. During this short time, infusion therapy was performed on in all patients, a nasogastric tube was also inserted to all patients and, when possible, more stagnant contents were emulged out of the upper digestive tract. Cardiac functioning was corrected when necessary; the measures to reduce the intensity of intoxication, including antibacterials, were performed. In special cases, during the short-term preoperative preparation of the patients, additional medication correction of concomitant diseases was mandatory. To prevent the development of thromboembolic complications in the early postoperative period, all patients were required to take the necessary preventive measures before and after the surgical intervention.

Application of Visual High-definition Rigid Bronchoscope in Removal of Complicated Respiratory Foreign Body

Application of Visual High-definition Rigid Bronchoscope in Removal of Complicated Respiratory Foreign Body

Endoscopic removal of foreign bodies from the upper gastrointestinal tract: A retrospective analysis

Endoscopic removal of foreign bodies from the upper gastrointestinal tract: A retrospective analysis

Ocean Waste Detection Model

The number of marine debris is excellent in understanding the diagnosis of debris from all oceans of the world and the identification of the highest levels of waste disposal that is most necessary for the removal of waste. Currently, the standard for floating waste management requires the use of a manta trawl. Techniques that require manta trawls (or similar ground-collection devices) that use the physical removal of marine debris as a first step and then analyze the collected samples as a second step. The need for pre-analysis removal is very costly and requires significant oversight - preventing the safe transfer of marine waste monitoring services to all Earth's marine bodies. Without better monitoring methods and samples, the overall impact of water pollution on the entire environment. This study revealed an unusual flow of activity that used images taken from aquatic debris as roots. Produces quantification of marine plastic or waste incorporated into photographs to perform accurate quantification and body removal. This model is trained in the ImageNet Large Visual Recognition Challenge using the 2012 data and can distinguish between many different classes such as cardboard, glass, metal, paper, and plastic. This program uses the transfer of learning from the existing model and then returns it to separate a new set of images. Workflow involves creating and processing domain-specific information, building an object acquisition model using a deep neural network.

Arthroscopic management of elbow stiffness

The elbow is particularly prone to stiffness. Loss of elbow motion is very limiting, and can be the result of trauma, primary osteoarthritis, heterotopic ossification and other conditions. Several exposures have been described for open elbow contracture release. Although a few decades ago elbow arthroscopy was considered only for diagnosis and removal of loose bodies, contemporary arthroscopic techniques allow successful management of the majority of conditions leading to elbow stiffness. Careful patient evaluation, use of advanced imaging studies, and acquisition of appropriate surgical skills are essential for the successful arthroscopic management of the stiff elbow. This expert opinion reviews some fundamentals of elbow stiffness as well as principles for the evaluation and arthroscopic management of the stiff elbow.

Features of the extraction of foreign bodies from the lower urinary tract

BACKGROUND: Foreign bodies introduced by patients into the bladder and urethra are relatively rare in clinical practice. As a result, there is insufficient information in the scientific literature regarding methods of extracting foreign bodies from the urinary tract.&#x0D; AIM: determination of the optimal methods for extracting foreign bodies from the urethra and bladder.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: Foreign bodies of the lower urinary tract were removed in 21 patients: 15 (71.4%) men and 6 (28.6%) women. Foreign bodies were found in the urethra in 7 (33.3%) patients and in the bladder in 14 (66.7%) patients. Removal of foreign bodies from the urethra and bladder was performed endoscopically or during open surgery.&#x0D; RESULTS: Removal of stabbing, cutting and glass objects from the urinary tract in 9 patients was performed during open surgery. Foreign bodies with even smooth edges were removed in 12 patients under urethrocystoscopic control. At the same time, in two patients, coagulated suppositories were first fragmented in the bladder cavity, and then removed in parts. Cystolithotripsy was performed in one patient with a suppository inlaid with calculus before fragmentation.&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: Foreign bodies with sharp edges or made of glass are safer to be removed from the lower urinary tract during open surgery. Foreign bodies with a smooth and even surface are optimally removed endoscopically. Long and bulky foreign objects that can be fragmented in the bladder cavity are best removed in parts. When foreign bodies are encrusted with large calculi, cystolithotripsy should be performed before their endoscopic extraction.

The use of soft contact lens for intraocular foreign body removal to avoid inadvertent cataract formation.

Ocular injuries carry a significant morbidity worldwide. Visual outcomes vary depending on the mechanism of injury, the damage on arrival and the surgical technique used. The presence of an intraocular foreign body further complicates matters, due to its constituents, the infectious potential, and/or damage to intraocular structures. Another described problem is the inadvertent cataract formation due to contact with the natural lens during removal of the foreign body. The purpose of this paper is to describe a case with a mechanical foreign body lodging in the posterior chamber without harming the lens. The surgical challenge was to remove it without causing cataractous changes. Therefore, a soft contact lens was used to form a protective layer between the foreign body and the natural lens of the eye allowing successful removal of the foreign body.