Water Remediation Research Articles

Nanocellulose-Bovine Serum Albumin Interactions in an Aqueous Medium: Investigations Using In Situ Nanocolloidal Probe Microscopy and Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

As a versatile nanomaterial derived from renewable sources, nanocellulose has attracted considerable attention for its potential applications in various sectors, especially those focused on water treatment and remediation. Here, we have combined atomic force microscopy (AFM) and reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) simulations to characterize the interactions between cellulose nanofibers modified with carboxylate or phosphate groups and the protein foulant model bovine serum albumin (BSA) at pH 3.92, which is close to the isoelectric point of BSA. Colloidal probes were prepared by modification of the AFM probes with the nanofibers, and the nanofiber coating on the AFM tip was for the first time confirmed through fluorescence labeling and confocal optical sectioning. We have found that the wet-state normalized adhesion force is approximately 17.87 ± 8.58 pN/nm for the carboxylated cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF) and about 11.70 ± 2.97 pN/nm for the phosphorylated ones (PCNF) at the studied pH. Moreover, the adsorbed protein partially unfolded at the cellulose interface due to the secondary structure's loss of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. We demonstrate that nanocellulose colloidal probes can be used as a sensitive tool to reveal interactions with BSA at nano and molecular scales and under in situ conditions. RMD simulations helped to gain a molecular- and atomistic-level understanding of the differences between these findings. In the case of PCNF, partially solvated metal ions, preferentially bound to the phosphates, reduced the direct protein-cellulose connections. This understanding can lead to significant advancements in the development of cellulose-based antifouling surfaces and provide crucial insights for expanding the pH range of use and suggesting appropriate recalibrations.

Enzyme_Metal-Organic Framework Composites as Novel Approach for Microplastic Degradation.

Plastic pollution is one of the main worldwide environmental concerns. Our lifestyle involves persistent plastic consumption, aggravating the low efficiency of wastewater treatment plants in its removal. Nano/microplastics are accumulated in living beings, pushing to identify new water remediation strategies to avoid their harmful effects. Enzymes (e. g., Candida rugosa-CrL) are known natural plastic degraders as catalysts in depolymerization reactions. However, their practical use is limited by their stability, recyclability, and economical concerns. Here, enzyme immobilization in metal-organic frameworks (CrL_MOFs) is originally presented as a new plastic degradation approach to achieve a boosted plastic decomposition in aqueous systems while allowing the catalyst cyclability. Bis-(hydroxyethyl)terephthalate (BHET) was selected as model substrate for decontamination experiments for being the main polyethylene terephthalate (PET) degradation product. Once in contaminated water, CrL_MOFs can eliminate BHET (37 %, 24 h), following two complementary mechanisms: enzymatic degradation (CrL action) and byproducts adsorption (MOF effect). As a proof-of-concept, the capacity of a selected CrL_MOF composite to eliminate the BHET degradation products and its reusability are also investigated. The potential of these systems is envisioned in terms of improving enzyme cyclability, reducing costs along with feasible co-adsorption of plastic byproducts and other harmful contaminants, to successfully remove them in a single step.

Adsorptive remediation of coal bed methane produced water (CBMW) using a novel bio-adsorbent and modern enable artificial intelligence modeling

The management of produced water associated with Coal Bed Methane (CBM) production is a major concern. This study derived a novel bio-adsorbent from the Furcraea foetida plant (FFP) and was used for the first-time adsorptive treatment of CBM-produced water (CBMW). For enhancement of adsorptive behavior, FFP was given a thermo-chemical treatment of ethanol (90%) and distilled water (1:2 ratio) at a temperature of 400˚C. The physicochemical properties of modified FFP (M-FFP) and unmodified FFP (UM-FFP) were characterized through FESEM with EDS, BET, XRD, and FTIR. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of M-FFP (370.37 mg/g) was higher than UM-FF (200 mg/g). It also showed excellent potential for the simultaneous eradication of TDS (93.50%), Ca2+ (72.72%), Cl- (13.27%), and Na+ (20.75%) from CBMW at neutral pH (6−8) conditions. Thermodynamic parameters, ∆G◦ and ∆H◦, indicated the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. A three-layer feed-forward backpropagation artificial neural network (ANN) model with a tangent sigmoid transfer function was applied to simulate the adsorptive performance of M-FFP.

Growth Dynamics and Nutrient Removal from Biogas Slurry Using Water Hyacinth

Aquatic macrophytes, notably the invasive water hyacinth, exhibit proficiency in nutrient removal from polluted water bodies, rendering them appealing for water remediation applications. This study investigates the potential of water hyacinth in phytoremediation, focusing on the effect of using nutrient-rich biogas slurry mixed with water in varying concentrations, i.e., 16.6, 33, 66.6, 100, and 133 mg/L for the investigation. The physiochemical properties of the liquid biogas slurry were evaluated before and after treatment with water hyacinth over eight weeks, with continuous monitoring of nutrient reduction rates. Results showcased substantial average reductions of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, with a relative growth rate of 5.55%. The treatment also decreased pH, total dissolved solids, hardness, and chemical oxygen demand. The theoretical BMP of water hyacinth was determined using Buswell’s equation. Water hyacinth grown in the concentration of the biogas slurry exhibited the highest methane yield at 199 mL CH4/gm VS, along with the highest relative growth rate. This study used experimental data to create a mathematical model that describes how the relative growth of water hyacinth depends on the number of days and biogas slurry concentration (C). The model’s quality and effectiveness were evaluated using the goodness of fit (R2) and observable approaches. The polynomial model, referred to as Poly model 1, 2, is the best fit for describing the relationship between the growth percentage of water hyacinth, days, and nutrient solution concentration. In this model, C has a polynomial degree of one (normalized mean of 69.84 ± 43.54), while D has a degree of two (normalized mean of 30 ± 21.65).

Long-lasting BDD/Si3N4–TiN electrodes for sustainable water remediation

Boron-doped diamond (BDD) thin films have the potential to revolutionize water remediation through electrochemical oxidation, converting persistent pollutants into CO2 and water. However, a significant challenge in implementing BDDs on a large scale is the choice of substrate material. Electrode failure typically occurs due to BDD delamination from the substrate. We propose using a ceramic composite of silicon nitride (Si3N4) and titanium nitride (TiN) as a substrate to address this issue. This electroconductive composite combines Si3N4's high wear resistance, chemical stability, and high affinity for diamond film growth with the TiN's metal-like conductivity. In this work, BDD films were grown by Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HF-CVD) over Si3N4–TiN substrates containing 30%vol. TiN. The resulting BDD/Si3N4–TiN electrodes were analyzed concerning their microstructure, diamond quality, conductivity, adhesion strength, service life, and electrochemical properties. Phenol was used as a model to test the electrode's ability to oxidize pollutants. We found that the BDD/Si3N4–TiN electrode could eliminate phenol entirely and up to 98.8 % of the model solution's Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) after 5 h of direct anodic oxidation, with an Average Current Efficiency (ACE) of 14 % and an energy consumption of 138 kW h kgCOD−1. Furthermore, the BDD/Si3N4–TiN electrode could withstand more than 2016 h of accelerated life test without film delamination. Overall, the results demonstrate that BDD/Si3N4–TiN electrodes are a potential long-lasting solution for large-scale water treatment by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) in a sustainable manner, especially if combined with renewable energy sources.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles immobilized on polymeric porous matrix for water remediation

This work proposes a novel approach to producing composite membranes by immobilizing and blending ZnO nanoparticles within a polymer matrix. The focus is investigating how different immobilization techniques impact membrane performance in critical technological applications, including membrane fouling mitigation and photocatalytic degradation. Lab-synthesized ZnO nanostructures were immobilized within a natural cellulose acetate (CA) matrix using a spray coating technique. To ensure comprehensive exploration, CA membranes with 12% and 15% wt polymer concentrations, which demonstrated superior overall performance in previous studies, were cast and prepared. The membranes underwent phase inversion, and a specially prepared ZnO solution was sprayed onto the membrane surface, creating a unique blend of polymer and nanoparticles. This comparative study highlights distinctions between nanomaterial immobilization techniques (mixing and spray coating) while maintaining identical polymer content. Such insights are crucial for both industrial applications and laboratory-scale research. The photocatalytic degradation of the reactive and toxic dye methylene blue (MB) served as a model reaction, employing a UV light module. Results unequivocally demonstrated that, irrespective of the immobilization technique employed, the combination of CA and ZnO nanoparticles significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity of the membrane in degrading methylene blue (MB). Specifically, the dye concentration decreased from 25 to approximately 8 mg/L for both the spray coating and bulk immobilization methods, resulting in 62% and 69% dye degradation, respectively. These findings underscore the versatility of different immobilization techniques in various aspects of membrane technology. The CA-ZnO composite exhibited efficacy in photocatalytic MB degradation tests, offering promising alternatives for designing polymeric membranes tailored for contaminant removal, particularly in treating textile dye-contaminated aqueous solutions. The exploration of diverse immobilization techniques for nanocomposites presents an exciting avenue for optimization in different membrane technological processes.

Preparation of novel green adsorbent (Tabernaemontana divaricata leaf powder) and evaluation of its dye (malachite green) removal capacity, mechanism, kinetics, and phytotoxicity

In this study, a novel green adsorbent, Tabernaemontana divaricata leaf powder (TD), was prepared, and its efficacy in removing malachite green (MG) dye from water, along with the associated mechanism and kinetics, was systematically evaluated for the first time. Characterization of TD was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Optimization of MG dye removal was conducted by varying parameters such as pH, initial dye concentration, contact time, and TD dosage. Results demonstrated that TD exhibited a high adsorption capacity for MG dye (5.2131 mg.g−1), achieving a maximum removal efficiency of 89.5 % under optimized conditions: pH 7.0, initial dye concentration of 20 ppm, contact time of 120 min, TD dosage of 4 g/L, and temperature of 28.1 °C. Kinetic and isotherm models were applied to analyze the experimental data, revealing that the adsorption process most accurately followed Ho's pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.999). The high heats of adsorption observed in the isotherm study suggest prominent electrostatic interactions between adsorbate molecules and the surface, governing the chemisorption mechanism that dominates at the solid-liquid interface. This study underscores the potential of Tabernaemontana divaricata (jasmine) leaf powder as a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and efficient adsorbent for the remediation of MG dye-contaminated water.

Synchronous Removal of Ca2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and NO3− from Water Using Magnetic Biochar-Based Bioceramsite Reactor: An Advanced Technique for Water Remediation

Synchronous Removal of Ca2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and NO3− from Water Using Magnetic Biochar-Based Bioceramsite Reactor: An Advanced Technique for Water Remediation

Withdrawn: Synergizing cybersecurity in healthcare with novel bioprocessing for sustainable energy-centric water remediation

Withdrawn: Synergizing cybersecurity in healthcare with novel bioprocessing for sustainable energy-centric water remediation

Green synthesis and photocatalytic proficiency of tunable SnO2 nanostructures: unveiling environmental-friendly strategies for sustainable water remediation

This study demonstrates a proficient and eco-friendly synthesis of SnO2 nanostructures using a hydrothermal method, without the requirement of extra surfactants. The synthesis was systematically performed by adjusting the molar ratio of stannic chloride to sodium hydroxide and varying the pH settings. It was noted that the pH value rises according to the concentration of sodium hydroxide. A comprehensive analysis was performed to characterize the resulting nanostructures, which involved studying their structural features, chemical composition, morphology, and optical properties. An x-ray diffraction analysis showed that increasing the pH values resulted in a noticeable improvement in the crystalline structure and a decrease in the density of surface defects. The SnO2 nanostructures, synthesized using different pH settings, were subsequently assessed for their photocatalytic performance in the degradation of methylene blue dye under simulated solar irradiation. Surprisingly, the nanostructure produced at higher pH levels showed outstanding results, as 97% of the dye was broken down in just 70 min when exposed to simulated solar radiation. The analysis uncovered a maximum rate constant (k) value of 0.04 min−1, determined using pseudo first-order rate kinetics. In order to better understand the photodegradation process, scavenger experiments were performed to identify the active species involved. These investigations provided valuable insights into the complex mechanisms that drive the observed photocatalytic activity. This study not only enhances the progress of SnO2 nanostructures but also highlights their potential as strong and environmentally friendly materials for effective photocatalytic applications.

A robust polypyrrole nanofibrous membrane for versatile applications: Oil-water separation and dye removal

Integrated approaches to oil-water separation and water remediation have significant implications for industrial applications and environmental sustainability. In this study, we focused on developing a versatile polypyrrole nanofibrous membrane (PPy NFM) based on electrospun nanofibrous membrane for the simultaneous and efficient separation of oil-in-water emulsions and removal of dyes from wastewater. PPy NFM with hydrophilicity and underwater oleophobicity exhibited good emulsion separation efficiency (96.7 %) after 20 cycles of gravity-driven filtration. It is also highly resistant to harsh environments, including strong acids, bases, and high-concentration salts. Additionally, PPy NFM demonstrates remarkable removal efficiency for anionic dyes (91.9 % ∼ 99.3 % at natural pH) and cationic dyes (41.3 % ∼ 58.0 % at pH=10) with a strong affinity towards anionic dyes, through multiple interactions, including electrostatic forces, π-π stacking, and hydrogen bonding, as supported by experimental evidence and computational simulations. These results highlight the tremendous application potential of PPy NFM in simultaneous oil-water separation and dye removal.

Efficiently activate peracetic acid by FeS2-anchored molybdenum species for the rapid degradation of sulfamethazine

Peracetic acid (PAA) based advanced oxidation processes are increasingly used as alternative strategies for sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) degradation. In this study, molybdenum (Mo) species were successfully anchored on the FeS2 surface. This catalyst (Mo-FeS2) could be used as an excellent PAA activator for the removal of sulfamethazine (SMT). Electrochemical measurements revealed that anchored Mo species lowered the electron transfer resistance on the FeS2 surface, and density functional theory (DFT) calculation suggested more electrons can be shifted from FeS2 to Mo, which is prone to transfer electrons for PAA activation. After 30 min reaction, 87.6 % of SMT could be removed by Mo-FeS2/PAA at pH 4, and reactive species (RSs) including HO•, CH3COO• and Fe(IV) were responsible for the SMT degradation. Increasing the dosages of PAA (0.02 – 0.5 mM) or Mo-FeS2 (0.1 – 0.4 g/L) facilitated the SMT degradation. DFT calculation results suggest that the aniline ring of SMT is vulnerable to attack induced by RSs. The degradation pathways of SMT, including Smiles rearrangements, hydroxylation of aniline ring, oxidation of the –NH2 group and coupling reaction, were proposed according to the identified oxidation products. Sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, sulfanilamide and sulfathiazole could also be degraded by Mo-FeS2/PAA (>50 %), suggesting that the Mo-FeS2/PAA would be a competitive strategy for the remediation of SAs-contaminated water.

Greening up the fight against emerging contaminants: algae-based nanoparticles for water remediation

AbstractNanoparticles are commonly used for different purposes, including as photocatalysts, biosensors, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer agents. Recently, the synthesis of nanoparticles via biological techniques has become popular due to cost efficiency, sustainability, and the least secondary pollutants generation. Plants, algae, and microorganisms are primarily used to synthesize bio-nanoparticles. Algae-based nanoparticles have gained more attention due to their catalytic activity against emerging organic contaminants such as dyes, phenols, and organosulfur compounds. Nevertheless, a systemic evaluation of the potential of algae-based nanoparticles in environmental remediation is yet to be conducted. This paper reviews recent progress in the biosynthesis of algae-based nanoparticles and the potential use of algae-based nanoparticles in environmental remediation. Furthermore, the review examines the factors that affect the properties and behaviors of algae-based nanoparticles. Additionally, the review briefly discusses other medical and industrial applications as well as advantages over physically and chemically synthesized nanoparticles. Challenges associated with the production process and usage of algae-based nanoparticles are also discussed, including the difficulty of predicting the properties of nanoparticles and adapting to large-scale processes. Overall, algae-based nanoparticles have several advantages, including their high stability and surface activity due to the presence of surface functional groups from algae species used for the synthesis of algae-based nanoparticles. However, further research is required to address the knowledge gaps and potential key research areas. Graphical Abstract

Synergistically enhancing the remediation of low C/N slightly black-odorous water body using pretreated stalk in-situ loaded with sulfidated nano zero-valent iron

Sulfidated nano zero-valent iron (S-NZVI) as reductants coupled with organic carbon are promising in enhancing denitrification which is crucial for remediation of low C/N water body. Nevertheless, the dearth of research on the effectiveness of these materials in actual water remediation limits their application. Additionally, most of the studies utilizes industrial chemical-derived organic carbon, which exacerbates environmental and economic burdens. This study proposes employing pretreated stalks in-situ loaded S/Fe (SS-S/Fe) to remediate the low C/N slightly black-odorous water body. The pretreated stalk acts as carbon source replacing the industrial chemicals. The pretreatment process was carried out by using H2O2 and acetic acid to decrease the lignin content. The 2, 4-dichlorophenol was utilized as a target pollutant for optimization of materials. The sediment from the water body was remediated, the impact of SS-S/Fe on water body and microbial community structure were clarified. The lignin residues in the stalk were found to enhance the dispersity, O2 resistance, and reduction performance toward 2, 4-dichlorophenol of S/Fe. S/Fe facilitates 2, 4-dichlorophenol degradation via reduction and TP removal via forming Fe-P precipitation. SS plays a significant role in TN removal, assisting in enhancing the 2, 4-dichlorophenol and TP removal performance of S/Fe. Crucially, SS and S/Fe synergistically boost sediment microbial activity, conferring resistance to the subsequent pollution shock. The decisive role of SS in enhancing denitrification by cultivating Anaeromyxobacter, unclassified_f_Comamonadaceae, norank_f_norank_o_norank_c_Anaerolineae and Thiobacillus has been demonstrated. This study improves S-NZVI applicability in actual low C/N water bodies and provides new methods for utilizing stalk resources.

Unraveling the Phosphorus Adsorption Mechanisms in Three-dimensional Reduced Graphene Oxide Materials.

To prevent eutrophication, controlling the phosphate concentration levels is one of the most important issues in surface water management. One of the most utilized methods is phosphate adsorption. However, its application faces a bottleneck due to the unclear understanding of adsorption and interaction mechanisms. The present work unlocks the phosphorus adsorption mechanisms in three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide with different reduction levels and pore sizes to remove phosphate from water using experiments and multiscale simulations. Experiments were performed to evaluate the influence of pH, ionic strength, and temperature on the adsorption. Molecular Dynamics and Ab Initio simulations evaluated the influence of the pore size and oxidation degrees of the materials. We show that the adsorption capacity of the materials increases with increasing pH and ionic strength and decreasing temperature. It is observed that the more oxidized the material and the less compact the structure, the better the adsorption. These results are theoretically explained in terms of the interaction of functional groups and the clustering of phosphate ions, which results in better adsorption in materials with larger pores. The underlying mechanisms for the 3D-reduced graphene oxide performance were confirmed by spectroscopy analysis. All the results show that 3D-reduced graphene oxide can sorb phosphate in different complex water remediation systems with characteristics that can be modulated by changing the material synthesis method.

Regulation of Lewis acid sites on ZnO/SiW11Co for tunable photocatalytic activity toward water remediation

The function of surface acidity in catalytic reactions has been well studied in the field of conventional catalysis, nevertheless, regulating surface acidic sites and unveiling its roles during heterogeneous photocatalysis has been less frequently reported. To address this issue, we constructed a novel heterojunction photocatalyst of ZnO/SiW11Co with abundant Lewis acid sites for wastewater treatment. Under visible light irradiation, the optimal ZnO/SiW11Co was found to have the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving a degradation efficiency of 97.7% for Rhodamine B (RhB), 96.1% for tetracycline (TC), and 91.4% for methyl orange (MO). The RhB removal rate remained at 91.3% even after five cycles, indicating excellent stability and practicality of ZnO/SiW11Co. By compositing with SiW11Co, a typical polyoxometalates with unique super acid properties, ZnO/SiW11Co formed plentiful surface Lewis acid sites, as confirmed by the pyridine adsorption FT-IR and NH3-TPD. The as-formed Lewis acid sites could provide more active sites, making it easier for reactants to coordinate to the photocatalyst surface, which reduced the activation energy of photocatalytic reactions and accelerate RhB removal. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations unveiled the redistribution of electron-hole pairs, optimizing the light absorption and charge separation efficiency, which obeyed a Z-scheme mechanism. Combined active species capture experiments and electron spin resonance, •O2−, h+, and •OH were the main active substances for the photocatalytic degradation of RhB. Besides, the possible degradation pathways for RhB were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The work provided useful strategy for the design of high-performance photocatalysts via regulating surface Lewis acid sites toward water remediation.

Carbamazepine adsorption with a series of organoclays: removal and toxicity analyses

Organoclays have been used as efficient adsorbents for pharmaceutical pollutants present in waters. Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the drugs most frequently found in water bodies. In this study, four organoclays were prepared by modifying bentonite with the cationic surfactants hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA) and octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. The synthesized materials were characterized by XRD, CHN, FTIR, TG, BET and SEM analyses, confirming organophilization. The surfactants were interspersed in different arrangements in the interlayer space. CBZ sorption was investigated through batch equilibrium experiments, under variation of the pH, contact time, dosage of adsorbent, and initial drug concentration. Changes in pH showed no adsorption influence. CBZ sorption by the organoclays followed a pseudo-second-order kinetics. The best sorption performance was obtained for the BCN1-HDTMA100 clay, with a capacity of 34.34 ± 1.41 mg g−1, about ten times greater than the unmodified bentonite under the same conditions. This may be attributed to the higher surfactant content. The adsorption isotherm at 25 ºC showed linear behavior. Toxicity tests of the organoclays and corresponding medium in presence of CBZ were carried out. This is a novelty report. Most of the organoclays had no toxicity against Artemia salina. The toxicity of the medium after adsorptive treatment was eliminated. Organoclay-CBZ hybrids were also characterized after adsorption. FTIR and TG analyzes confirmed the incorporation of the drug. Hydrophobic interaction was the dominant contribution evaluated to the adsorption of CBZ. The results demonstrated that organoclays can be a promising alternative adsorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical pollutants in water remediation.

Adsorption kinetics and capacity of activated carbon derived from non-woody waste biomass for water remediation

Adsorption kinetics and capacity of activated carbon derived from non-woody waste biomass for water remediation

Layered double hydroxide (LDH)-derived zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod on exfoliated graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet for photocatalytic dye degradation and hexavalent chromium reduction

A new low-temperature facile chemical decomposition of layered double hydroxide (LDH) has been developed for the large-scale controlled synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod on exfoliated graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet. ZnAl-LDH/GO composite precursor was prepared via in situ growth of the LDH on the exfoliated GO nanosheets. Thermo-chemical decomposition of ZnAl-LDH/GO composite at 80 °C produced highly dispersed ZnO nanorods on GO nanosheets. Although, neat ZnAl-LDH produces ZnO nanoparticle aggregates in the absence of GO. The morphology and properties of ZnO nanorods/GO nanocomposite was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The band gap engineering of the nanocomposite was evaluated by varying GO content. The ZnO/GO nanocomposites materials exhibited excellent photo-catalytic activity towards the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and Cr(VI) reduction under the irradiation of direct sunlight at ambient condition. GO plays a crucial role in the directional growth of nanorods and enhances the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanorods via the synergistic hole formation and electron transfer effect for the potential remediation of waste water.

Carrageenan/calcium alginate composite hydrogel filtration membranes for efficient cationic dye separation

The development of biopolymer-based filtration systems for water remediation applications is an extremely fascinating area of research. In this paper, we developed a biopolymer-based filtration system using sodium alginate (NaAlg) and carrageenan (Car) for the removal of the toxic cationic dye, methylene blue (MB). The membrane's properties were assessed using FTIR, TGA, UTM, FESEM, EDS, XRD, and water uptake, revealing commendable thermomechanical stability (5.79 MPa), good hydrophilicity, and compatibility. The experimental results further revealed that lambda Car/calcium alginate (λ-Car/CaAlg) exhibited superior dye rejection (100%) and flux (11.67 L m−2 h−1) compared to kappa Car/CaAlg (κ-Car/CaAlg) (99.22% and 11.19 L m−2 h−1) and plain alginate (CaAlg) (99.63% and 9.79 L m−2 h−1). The high MB rejection rate was attributed to the sieving mechanism and electrostatic interaction. A rejection rate of 100% was achieved at an initial MB concentration of 10 mg/L, pressure of 0.1 MPa, pH of 7, and temperature of 25°C. Furthermore, the hydrogel membranes demonstrated excellent recyclability over nine cycles, indicating their potential for water treatment applications.