Religious Point Of View Research Articles

Effect of different pretreatments of Aquilaria malaccensis seeds for enhancement of germination rate

A few plant species of the Thymelaeceae family are highly valuable and demanding because they contain resinous oil in their stems, branches, and roots. From this plant, resinous oil is extracted through the distillation process. Traditionally and from the religious point of view, the oil has a higher potential in the manufacturing of perfume, incense sticks, smoke, and many other medicinal and religious purposes. It is a highly economic plant, so its conservation is very important. Aquilaria plants are propagated through seeds and the seeds are recalcitrant, i.e., they are chilling sensitive and also cannot be stored at room temperature because of their high moisture content. They are also called desiccation sensitive. Below a certain level of moisture content, their embryos become death or inviable. Conservation of germplasm in the case of recalcitrant seeds is a major issue to be solved in the current situation. Our main focus was to enhance the germination of the Aquilaria malaccensis seeds for the early development of the seedlings within a short time. Here we are applying different pretreatments of Aquilaria seeds, such as Acetone for 1 min, 2 min, and 3 min, likewise Methanol, Ethanol, hot water, acetic acid, etc for enhancing seeds germination and it was found that highest germination percentage in the treatment where seeds are soaked in 1 min acetone (70%) in comparison to the control, which shows only a 56.7% germination rate. Their germination rate was determined by regular observation for up to 2 months, and the growth curve was also prepared by calculating the weight of the seeds. The findings of the current study will help to develop a protocol for early germination as well as mass propagation within a short period of time. The results of the Aquilaria species are significantly different from each other.

Organ Transplantation from Deceased Donor: myths and facts in Pakistan and world over.

Organ transplantation is remarkable scientific achievement in treatment of patients with end stage organ failure. Renal transplant was first solid organ transplant performed in early 50s. Initially only transplant from living donors were performed but later keeping in view of number of patients suffering from end stage organ failure and shortage of living donors, practice of retrieving organs from dead has been adopted. Such donors previously called ‘cadaver’ and now labelled as ‘deceased’ donors can be non-heart beating donors or donors with circulatory failure or could be brain dead donors. This article highlights types of organs which can be harvested from deceased donors. The ethical dimensions (which covers social, cultural, legal, religious and ethical issues) of deceased organ donation and their impact. Verdicts from religious point of view of different world religions is referred at end of article as consideration of religion cannot be denied in field of transplantation. This article also highlights definition and diagnosis of brain death, conditions necessary to fulfil retrieving organs from brain death and the ethical dimensions (which covers social, cultural, legal, religious and ethical issues) of organ donation from brain dead.

Comparative Study of the Law of Determining the Nasab of Children Outside of Marriage; Perspective of Family Law in Malaysia and Yemen

Purpose – In marriage regulations, children are divided into two categories, namely legitimate children and illegitimate children. Therefore, this study will examine the nasab status of children out of wedlock in Malaysia and Yemen.
 Methods – The research method used is a literature study, namely the process of collecting data and information using various sources available in the library, such as books, hadith, and various other written materials.
 Findings – The results show that in children out of wedlock or illegitimate children in Malaysia, the nasab (kinship) of children born to biological fathers less than six months of the child's age cannot be connected to their biological father. But the positive law of Malaysia issued a fatwa that those who do not have nasab with their biological father can be bin to Abdullah or Asmaul Husna. Similarly, the positive law of Yemen states that if a child is born in a valid marriage from a religious point of view and the birth is within six months, then the child can be related through the father and mother. If the child is born less than six months from the beginning of the marriage or marriage contract, then the child cannot be related through the father and can only be related to the mother.
 Research implications - Marriage is a bond, both physically and mentally, between a man and a woman, which aims to form a happy and lasting family based on tawhid. Therefore, marriage must be carried out as applicable law and registered, because this will have an impact on the child's status.

The Reception of the Copernican Universe by Representatives of 17th-Century Jewish Philosophy and Their Search for Harmony Between the Scientific and Religious Images of the World (David Gans and Joseph Solomon Delmedigo)

The reception of the heliocentric theory of Nicolaus Copernicus in Jewish thought of the 17th-century period is a good exemplification of the issue concerning the formation of the relationship between natural science and theology, or more broadly: between science and religion. The fundamental question concerning this relationship, which we can ask from today’s perspective of this problem, is: How does it happen that claims of a scientific nature, which are initially considered from a religious point of view to be incompatible with the religious view of the world, are later accepted as possible to agree with this image of reality and are assimilated by a given religion? Based on the reception of the Copernican image of the universe by two representatives of Jewish philosophy in the 17th century—David Gans and Joseph Solomon Delmedigo—it is possible to trace this process and pose the thesis that it takes place according to two strategies. Within the framework of the first one, represented by Gans, in a situation of incompatibility between the scientific and religious images of nature, a scientific theory is sought that explains the observed phenomena and, on the other hand, satisfies the religious claims. Finding such a theory solves the problem of the incompatibility mentioned above of images of the world, gives the theory credibility from the religious point of view and constitutes an argument for its correctness. The second strategy, represented by Delmedigo, consists in refraining from pursuing a direct, immediate, and unequivocal reconciliation of the two images of the world while at the same time recognizing a properly justified scientific theory as correctly describing and explaining the phenomena occurring in nature. Consequently, the apparent incompatibility between the scientific and the religious worldview demands either a reformulation of religious statements in such a way as to remove this incompatibility or the restriction of the meaning of religious statements to the strictly religious and moral sphere, without the ambition to speak about nature. In either case, however, it is already a task for the representatives of the religion concerned who, when confronted with adequately justified scientific claims, to avoid exposing their religion to the accusation that its claims are unreasonable and anachronistic, undertake the task mentioned above of modifying or limiting the scope of their statements. It seems that in the representatives of Jewish thought and Judaism, who are the successors of Gans and Delmedigo, generally speaking, the second strategy has prevailed in this version, in which one abandons the claim of religion to statements about the material world at the price of a significant divergence of the paths of science and religion. Consequently, it treats them as different narratives, describing and explaining two separate spheres of reality.

Invited review. Milk clotting enzymes: A transcendental decision in goat´s milk cheese quality

Cheese production has increased more than 3.5-fold since 1960, while animal rennet production has declined, thus other proteolytic enzymes have been developed. Cheese quality depend on many factors, some of them are linked to milk composition (genetic aspects: species, breed and animal, lactation stage and number, type of kidding, animal feeding and health, offspring season, etc.) and other due to cheesemaking aspects and storage processing (raw or pasteurized milk, coagulation enzymes and coagulation parameters (temperature and time), moulding, drainage, salting, ripening, smoking, etc.). All these factors interact and only under experimental conditions it is possible to analyse the effect of any particular feature by itself. Between all these factors, milk coagulation process is one of the most important steps for the cheese final characteristics. The differences in protein matrix degradation due the origin of coagulant agents affect cheese texture, odour, flavour and taste and consequently consumer’s preference. This last assertion is especially important for the economic choices of the dairy firm. In the past, cheesemakers used animal rennet for curdling milk; it was produced by macerating the stomachs obtained from suckling ruminants according to the local uses, although plant coagulant was used in some typical specific cheesemaking processes. Nowadays, several types of coagulant are available, with different origin and variability in proteases for milk coagulation: animal origin rennet and vegetable coagulants than can be both artisan or commercial, microbial proteases and recombinant from genetically modified microorganism with cDNA for chymosin. In this paper the state of the art of these enzymes used in goat´s cheese industry is presented, also focused on artisan cheeses. Coagulant effect in physical-chemical and sensory profile of cheeses is analysed, also under an ethical and religious point of view. Finally, the importance of the market target in producing new cheese with vegetable coagulant is met, with an overview on the trends on cheese labelling issue.

The Feminine Irony of God

Abstract It is not by chance that one of the most radical and enigmatic speeches in Erasmus’ production—the Encomium Moriae—was pronounced by a female character: Folly. This paper aims at interrogating Erasmus’ text not simply as the result of a carnivalesque spirit of suspension and derision of traditional order, or as a literary imitation of ancient satire, but as the expression of an original type of speech, serious from a religious point of view, that proposes itself as the alternative of the ‘male’ theological-philosophical logos, which it mocks. The Pauline and apocalyptic logic of the catastrophic inversion of the world’s values is reinterpreted by Erasmus in an Origenian lens as the revelation of the immense yet ‘foolish’ divine mercy that forgives everyone. Folly’s speech thus both condemns and forgives the foolishness of human sin. This paper will highlight both the corrosive and secularising potential of Erasmus’ scepticism, which harshly deconstructs the dogmatic naivety of human beliefs and attitudes, conceived as sin and therefore as foolishness; and Folly’s ironic exaltation of the world’s foolishness as redeemed by the maternal, ‘feminine’ and universal embrace of God’s forgiveness.

Особенности индустрии экстремальной музыки на Ближнем Востоке

В статье проанализированы особенности индустрии экстремальной музыки в странах Ближнего Востока. Экстремальная индустрия этого региона не имеет широкого жанрового спектра как на Западе, но тем не менее хэви-метал сцена развита не хуже. Ближневосточный метал — особый региональный вид экстремальной музыки, сформированный на стыке западного секуляризма и противостоянии исламского догматизма с либеральными тенденциями. Для осмысления исламского либерализма в современном понимании был сделан краткий обзор мотивов и влияния «арабской весны» на регион. В качестве объекта исследования авторы решили воспользоваться наиболее распространенным списком стран Ближнего Востока. В статье охвачены самые яркие примеры творчества музыкальных коллективов из Туниса, Египта, Сирии и Ирака. Авторами был сделан глубинный анализ 4-х музыкальных треков, вместе с обложками альбомов и интервью участников. Культурная глобализация показывает быстро изменяющееся культурное пространство ближневосточного общества. Авторы пришли к выводу, что культурная глобализация имеет разные итоги в указанных выше странах. На это повлияло сохранение цензуры, войны и распространение идей либерализма через средства массовой информации. Данная тема не была исследована с религиоведческой точки зрения на постсоветском пространстве.

Reflections on the Governance of Calon Arang Performance: Between Contestation, Commodification, and Religion

Calon Arang performing arts have been developing very well recently. It is proved by the held of many Calon Arang performances and the hectic news coverage and related social media uploads. In addition to the audience being enthusiastic about the show, the artists also continue to innovate and be creative in presenting interesting performances. However, the existing Calon Arang art is a sacred performance that has undergone many commodifications and deviations. Furthermore, there was a lot of chaos and even death. Therefore, a management system for the Calon Arang performing arts is needed that is in accordance with tattwa (philosophy), susila (ethics), and upakara (rituals), but at the same time, it provides sufficient space for artists to express their creativity, and can still present interesting shows to the public. This research was organized in qualitative descriptive method to formulate what factors need to be used as the basis for the management of Calon Arang performance. The research result shows that the preparation of Calon Arang performance management guidelines was not an easy thing because there were conflicts in mapping out the parameters to be used as the basis for managing the Calon Arang Show, both from an aesthetic and religious point of view. However, it is hoped that with the cooperation of various parties, initial principles can be formulated on how to manage the Calon Arang show.

Transformasi Sosial Politik Kaum Santri Di Lombok

The word “Lombok” has a philosophical meaning which in Sasak means straight. In a different perspective it will give a broad meaning as well as become a spirit in every side of the life of the Lombok people starting from the interaction of the community both inside and with the outside world, this can be seen from the meaning of the word Lombok which means straight in their interactions who firmly hold good values ​​towards others, because straight is the opposite of crooked which has a negative connotation, this factor then shapes the character of the Lombok people so that they are known as people who are polite, friendly and firm in maintaining principles. Likewise, from a religious point of view, firmness in upholding religious teachings which contain good values ​​is reflected in the high respect for the characters, whether Tuan Guru, Ustadz, Guru or santri in general, which is manifested from their influence by religious leaders in carry out social and political changes in society. Researchers try to examine this reality using library research method so that they can find out the dynamics that occur with accurate data and understand the extent of the role of the santri in carrying out socio-political changes in Lombok society. Keyword: Lombok, Political Culture, Santri, Social Transformation

The utilization of heritage in the poetry of Hazem Rashk Al-Tamimi

Heritage is an ancient legacy that consists of words and meanings, or quotations from the Quran and the Prophet's Hadith, or some old common terms that were used by the general public at that time. These words included customs, traditions, some superstitions and proverbs. The poet employs them in a way that attracts the recipient. The poet Hazem Rashk Al-Tamimi employed heritage from a religious point of view and from a social aspect and what the Iraqi people went through of calamities, crises and successive wars that deprived the people of security and peace. The poet used inherited words through the employment of symbol and myth and he was fascinated by the symbol in many of his poems. Critics considered the use of heritage by the poet as a distinguished creativity for him, and also considered his presence on the literary scene through the relationship between the past heritage and the present to complete a future fabric for us by employing this heritage for what it carries of dimensions, events and influential personalities throughout the ages. The poet dealt with heritage with a literary, artistic and critical sense in addressing various contemporary issues, and this interaction resulted in creativity in employing the nation's heritage and its origins, thus producing a new form that elevates the literary work.

Pencabulan Anak Dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana

Obscenity is a violation of children's rights and there is no argument that can justify this crime, both from a moral, ethical and religious point of view, especially the criminal act of obscenity committed against the accused and minors. The purpose of this research is to find out the criminal law perspective on child abuse. The research method used is normative legal research. Criminal law has an important role in protecting children, providing sanctions for perpetrators, and providing protection and rehabilitation for victims. The legal system must provide effective protection mechanisms, including the provision of legal aid, identity secrets, and escorting victims during the legal process.

Seizing Public Digital Dominance; The Phenomenon Of Mainstream Islamic Media Digital Battle

The authority of digital public discourse indirectly impacts one's religious point of view, the phenomenon of digital religion has caused mainstream Islamic websites to strive for the dominance of the public digital mass. This paper will examine the phenomenon of competition among mainstream Islamic websites and mainstream non-affiliated websites in seizing public digital dominance. Data Reportal on Digital Indonesia 2023 put Indonesia as the largest internet users in the world, with a population of around 277,7 million with a total active internet user of 212,9 million, internet penetration stood at 77,0 percent. Indonesia also home to 167,0 million social media users equating to 60,4 percent of the total population. Total of 352,8 million cellular mobile connections were active in Indonesia, this figure equivalent to 128,0 percent of the total population. The paper elaborates the prevalent competition between Islamic media using a phenomenological approach based on digital data and a variety of digital analysis tools. This study demonstrates how the intensity of contestation persists and has subsequently created digital communities with divergent religious viewpoints that have subconsciously created social segmentation that strengthens group exclusivism.

Ceremonial Splendor: Performing Priesthood in Early Modern France

In Ceremonial Splendor, Joy Palacios makes two interconnected arguments. First, she contends that during the period of roughly 1630–1730, Parisian seminaries successfully articulated and taught the model of the vray ecclésiastique, or true churchman, which aspiring priests educated within these establishments came to embody. In addition to physical decorum, one of their most important lessons was how to perform the Mass in a consistent and highly choreographed manner that emphasized the éclat, or splendour, of the consecrated Host and drew parishioners into an expression of sacredness that expanded outward from the individual bodies of priests and church buildings to encompass the entire community. Second, Palacios places this ceremonial logic germane to the French Catholic Church in opposition to the performance logics of the theatre. Her argument here is that it is not enough to study the seventeenth-century texts debating the morality of the theatre from a religious point of view. Rather, it is important to acknowledge that the ‘performance activities’ associated with Catholic worship also influenced antitheatrical sentiment. In my opinion, the second argument of the book is not as well-explored as the first, but the preoccupation with the theatre also precludes a more nuanced exploration of the ways that the religious ideals articulated in Parisian seminaries intersected with those of other cultural spheres in seventeenth-century France.

THE DISCRETIONARY RIGHT OF THE JUDGE TO USE A RELIGIOUS FATWA

The law gives the trial judge the right to issue fair and appropriate rulings that are consistent with the provisions of the law when there is a case before him. This right is consistent with Article 1 of the amended Iraqi Law of Evidence No. 107 of 1979, in which the court has a role in cases not stipulated in the law. Thus, it is left to the discretion of the judge. Therefore, the judge in charge has the right to seek the assistance of a religious fatwa when there is no legal text related to the dispute presented in front of him. The first article does not oblige the judge to seek the help of a specific doctrine, especially in cases of halal and haram (permissible and forbidden according to an Islamic religious point of view) that require knowledge of Islamic jurisprudence. As for the non-Muslim cases that are difficult for the judge to comprehend their rulings due to the diversity and multiplicity of religions and sects, the judge should ask non-Muslim religious references to know the jurisprudential ruling on the dispute in order to issue an appropriate ruling on the case presented before him.

Islam dan Budaya Politik Melayu

This paper aims to examine the relationship between Islam and the Malay world which has been widely studied by experts and researchers. A special description of the contestation between Islam and Malay political culture as a form of open-minded society, to be able to see how Islamic and Malay political culture is in a simple way. This research departs from the questions: first, how is Islam in Malay history?; second, how is the dynamics of Islam and Malay political culture. In this paper, qualitative methods are used to clearly examine Islamic and Malay political culture. This paper also aims to show that Islam has an integral role in the history of civilization of the Malay world, besides that Islam also has strong credibility in relation to politics from various perspectives, not only from a religious point of view, but also from a scientific point of view. viewpoint. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to look at how to find literature data and interpret the data contained in reference sources and various supporting sources about the contribution of Islamic thought in the Malay world.

Polygynous marriage union among Ghanaian Christian women: Socio-demographic predictors.

Polygamy has declined in the last decade, but it is still prevalent in West African nations including Ghana even with the arrival of Christianity and colonists, which came to be recognized as a form of slavery that needed to be abolished. To analyze the determinants of polygyny among married Christian women in Ghana. Ghana Maternal Health Survey data was used for this study to do an analytic cross-section study. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. The association between dependent and independent variables was explored using chi-square and logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The prevalence of Ghanaian Christian women's involvement in polygyny marriage union was 12.2%, the prevalence was higher (15.0%) among women of Anglican denomination, catholic denomination (13.9%), and the lowest (8.4%) prevalence recorded among those of Methodist denominations. The predictor factors identified include the age of the woman, history of education, type of place of residence, region, ethnicity, early sex initiation, and history of multiple unions. The prevalence of polygyny in this present study is high given the strict position the Christian religion has against polygyny. This study recommends that the pros and cons of polygyny are objectively looked at from a scientific point rather than a religious point of view.

Visket Jatra: From The Political Aspect

Visket Jatra is one of the famous festivals of Bhaktapur area, which is being celebrated every year with Mesha Sankranti (Aries Solstice) as the focal point. Many kinds of legends are also prevalent among the people regarding this festival. But recent studies have shown that there is no truth in some of these legends. What exactly is Visket Jatra? In this regards it is difficult to interprate it in the true sense by looking at it from a single angle. For this, it is necessary to have study and analysis from various aspects like religious, cultural, social, political etc. From a religious point of view, this Jatra procession is a procession of Bhairav, the chief deity of Bhaktapur city and his consert Bhairavi. Similarly, at the Tantrik level, this Jatra (procession) can be taken as a symbol of mutual intercourse between the two. The Jatra also seems to have a role to play in entertaining the general public. In this way, from the very beginning at the political level, this Jatra was a symbol of good relations between the king and the people. However, there are also rumors that such Jatras (festivals) have been introduced in the name of religion to divert public attention from political issues. But in the case of Bhaktapur, the relationship between the king and the people here have always been sweet and cordial, many historical contexts make this clear. The same intimate relationship used to be revealed in the Visket Jatra. The Jatras festivals has not only the religious or cultural significance but it also has political aspect. This article is prepared in descriptive, analytical and comparative study method. And main conclusion of this study is that how, despite being a traditional Jatra, this Jatra has been going on continuously till today, it has been highlighted that the state or the government also has an important role in this, as well as people’s support and participation.

The Dynamics of Interreligious Marriage in Indonesian Religious and Legal Perspectives

Mixed marriages due to ethnicity have become commonplace in Indonesia. Still, a wedding occurs due to differences in the faith or religion of the prospective partner. In that case, it will cause new problems related to the legal status of the marriage or the legal consequences arising from the wedding. This type of research is normative juridical research using data from primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Based on the research results, it is known that some religions in Indonesia strictly prohibit it, while others forbid it but are still allowed. For example, Islam strictly prohibits marriage to faith outside of Islam. Christianity and Catholicism are also banned because they consider marriage not ideal. If the Hindu religion believes that if it is done outside of Hinduism, then the marriage is deemed invalid, while Buddhism and Confucianism do not have a problem with this. Related to the formal juridical aspect, this interfaith marriage is legal because this interfaith marriage has been recorded and has a marriage certificate issued by an official of the Population and Records Service Office by Article 2 paragraph (2) of the Marriage Law, but only in an administrative form. Meanwhile, this interfaith marriage is invalid if we look at the applicable legal regulations. From the research above, it can be concluded that unions carried out with different religions can only be registered administratively; from a legal and religious point of view, each is considered invalid because there are no clear rules governing it.

Filsafat Nir-Kekerasan Dalam Perspektif Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Dan Relevansinya Dalam Pencegahan Gerakan Radikalisme Di Indonesia

Radicalism from a religious point of view refers to an extreme understanding and refers to fundamental religious fundamentalism with very high religious fanaticism. This understanding will be very easy to trigger acts of violence, conflict, and division because they see differences as a threat to the religious existence of these radicalism groups, and differences are also considered enemies that must be destroyed. With this, efforts are needed to minimize radicalism movements. This study focuses on the thoughts and teachings of Mahātma Gandhi regarding the most monumental ahimsa of his movement in India. By using the philosophical hermeneutic method, the result of this research is that the radicalism movement emerged as a result of the humanity and fading attitude of tolerance and religious fanaticism that was too high. Gandhi viewed that every religion essentially teaches love and non-violence. Humans can find love by practicing satyagraha which is always on the path of truth. By emphasizing the ahimsa aspect, humans will be able to find the truth. On the basis of this truth, the light of love will be revealed, and see that all human beings originate from the same source. On the basis of this love, humans are intertwined in one family and brotherhood.

Significant cultural patterns and their references in the poetry of Safi al-Din al-Hilli

The emergence of cultural criticism at the end of the last century brought about a qualitative leap in the field of critical practice as a whole, as we see a distinct shift from criticism of literature to criticism of culture, which has become a focused discourse in this field. Cultural criticism often embraces culture and never separates from it. Just as it takes from every science a party that combines contextual and systematic approaches, even theories of reading and reception, criticism of reader response and deconstruction, as it was based on psychology, sociology and history and relied on everything that would happen in addition to literature as a cultural phenomenon. It is striking that cultural criticism is based on a central idea that stems from and returns to, which is the criticism of fairness, especially the cultural defects that are implicit in every discourse or that are hidden behind the linguistic textual fabric. what they are.&#x0D; Al-Hilli’s poetry conceals cultural patterns in which reality is critiqued from a behavioral, economic, political and religious point of view, providing the reader with an integrated picture of his society. We have relied on the categories of cultural criticism as a floating critical activity that refuses to fall under any approach, and uses procedural tools of various sources, which belong to different sciences such as anthropology, psychology, and history.&#x0D; In order to answer the research questions and its problems, the research plan was as follows:&#x0D; Introduction: I tried through it to provide an overview and familiarity with the subject and its basic forms.&#x0D; The first requirement: the most important tributaries of cultural criticism and its background knowledge:&#x0D; 1: The concept of cultural pattern&#x0D; 2: systemic function&#x0D; 3: the cultural sentence&#x0D; 4: the cultural sentence&#x0D; 5: The total metaphor&#x0D; * The second requirement: an overview of the social and poetic papers of the poet Safi al-Din al-Hilli (677-752 AH / 1277-1339 AD).