Religious Paradigm Research Articles

Representation of Popular Islamic Movements on Social Media: A Study of the Hashtag #LogIndiCloseTheDoor

This article an discusses the Ramadan podcast series Hashtag #LogIndiCloseTheDoor as an example of the Popular Islamic Movement on social media. The series was a huge hit even though it dealt with a delicate subject. It is impossible to consider this truth to be a phenomenon deserving of the widespread success of social media material. This article is a qualitative study employing Talal Asad's Islamic Anthropology method. According to the article's conclusion, the Popular Islam Movement is a group of middle-class Muslims, particularly those in their millennial years, who are using modern and popular culture as a means of self-actualization and self-study. The media portrays him in two ways: dakwahtainment and religiotainment. Ramadan's audio series #LogIndiCloseTheDoor is one of them. The Islamic pretext Raḥmatan lil 'Ālamīn (a mercy to all creation) serves as the basis for the television show. The discussion that goes along with this series focuses on inclusivism in religion as well as the commoditization and commodification of religion. These discourses were communicated and developed into a new religious paradigm by way of the power relations network that Deddy Corbuzier, Habib Ja'far Hussein, and Leonardo da Vinci constructed. This essay contends that the #LogIndiCloseTheDoor Ramadan Hashtag audio series, which combines modern and Islamic ideals, transforms the initially conservative, restrictive, and inflexible perception of Islam into one that is inclusive, tolerant, and dynamic.

A Era da Misericórdia. Savonarola e Lutero

In this paper I reconstruct the similarities, and the complex relationship between Martin Luther and Girolamo Savonarola, avoiding the trap of Savonarola as forerunner of the Protestant Reformation, and individuating, in a period I call «the age of Mercy» (between the end of the Fifteenth century and the first half of the Sixteenth), the birth of a new theological and religious paradigm common to both these figures.

Panspermia and the Golden Age in The Brothers Karamazov: Reading Beyond the Religious Paradigm

Panspermia and the Golden Age in The Brothers Karamazov: Reading Beyond the Religious Paradigm

Ранний Джон Хик о теистической религии и его версия теодицеи

This paper discusses the most significant issues of John Hick’s philosophical theology in the early period of his work. In this study I trace the relationship between Hick’s personal religious experience and his philosophical intuitions, showing that it was both of these components, mutually influencing each other, that set him on the path of rejection of most of the Christian doctrines. In addition, the study shows that the specificity of Hick’s relationship with Christianity, as well as the principle of religious ambiguity arising from his religious epistemology, determined his further strategy within such a primary project of philosophical theology as theodicy. This conception, designed by early Hick as a Christian response to the problem of evil and named by him as “Irenaean theodicy”, from my point of view, was only partially successful, since the flaws and contradictions it contained were not resolved by him within the framework of the Christian religious paradigm, but only largely contributed to his further shift towards pluralistic worldview. Finally, Hick’s division of the Christian understanding of evil into “Augustinian” and “Irenaean” traditions and their further opposition, as this study demonstrates, is not sufficiently justified, nor is his naming of his own conception as “Irenaean”.

RESILIENSI DAN TRANSFORMASI KOMUNIKASI KEPEMIMPINAN PEREMPUAN PESANTREN: DARI TRADISIONAL KE SEKULER DI ERA POSTMODERNISME

The era of globalization and modernism has colored the movement of
 Islamic boarding school
 women to appear in the public sector, but at the same time they are required to successfully carry
 out their duties as housewives. Conventionally, postmodernist feminist construction is in the dual
 role of Islamic boarding school wo
 men in the family and public sector, namely women who have
 a Islamic boarding school background in the field of religion or people who gain legitimacy as
 teachers or mothers. The Islamic boarding school women's movement is top
 -
 down because the
 production o
 f religious knowledge and truth is determined by the religious elite so that the public
 becomes an object that must submit to the elite. The era of new religious movements changed the
 tendency of Islamic boarding school women's thinking paradigm from the d
 omestic area to shift
 to public spaces such as becoming regional heads after the direct regional head election (pilkada)
 system in Indonesia. This paper aims to analyze the movement of Islamic boarding school women
 in the postmodern era in managing their d
 ual roles as housewives and career women in the public
 domain. From descriptive and content analysis of qualitative research data, it shows that the
 postmodern Islamic boarding school women's movement is able to shift the religious paradigm
 from traditiona
 l conventionalism to modern secularism. The conclusion of this article is about the
 election of Islamic boarding school women as regional heads, showing the collapse of patriarchal
 culture in the current postmodern era. This article provides suggestions th
 at affirmative action is
 needed for women to improve education, so that they are able to take part in the development of
 the nation and state

Trans-Paradigm of Ex-Khilafah Ideologists; Paradigm Changes Analysis of Ex-Khilafah Ideologists in Tapal Kuda

This research is based on the gap between the theory of religious conflict and the reality of the religious transition paradigm currently. Media issues have warmed up again lately with some news about the policy of disbanding radical mass organizations. After the dissolution of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI), the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) stumbled on administrative problems. After it was disbanded, the all members and cadres of the organizations chose to change their religious paradigm. The transition process is the main focus of this research. Based on the general framework of the shifting paradigm theory, the sub-focus consists of how to anomaly, the Critique process untill form a new paradigm of ex- Khilafah ideologues. In order to further limit the study, the site raised is the former ideologue Khilafah of Tapal Kuda. All problems are studied qualitatively using a phenomenological approach. The important findings of this study can be divided into three parts. First, the anomaly of the ex- Khilafah ideologue. There are three forms of anomaly, namely socio-cultural anomaly, siyasa anomaly and tradition anomaly. Second, the Critique process of ex- Khilafah ideologues. Its scope are socio-cultural Critique and siyasa Critique. Third, his new paradigm. There are two patterns of paradigm for the former ideology of the Khilafah, namely there are those who continue to fight for the Khilafah and there are those who choose to continue their ideological struggle. The first group carried out the process of marhala tsaqif and taf'ul. This last group bases its religious views on the majority, namely the religious paradigm of NU and Pesantren.

Overcoming the Violence of “Virtuous” Womanhood: Liberating Women from the Proverbs 31 Paradigm

“Who can find a virtuous woman?” (Prov. 31:10 KJV). My entire life, I have heard and read messages about the “virtuous” woman, as depicted in Proverbs 31:10–31. Though many herald this character as the standard for godly women, I find her portrayal problematic. She is depicted as a one-dimensional worker bee, never engaged in rest, recreation, or relationship building. Further, her spiritual location and formation go unmentioned. How did such a limited illustration become the religious paradigm by which women and girls are measured? At its root is white supremacist, patriarchal, capitalistic misogyny (WSPCM), employed in churches to consign women to “safe”, secondary status while still using them as workhorses and sources of income to keep institutions viable. Once internalized, women and girls bear the crushing weight of an unhealthy, unattainable achievement, struggling to become a fictitious, unrealistic figure. In this article, I refute the WSPCM interpretation of the Proverbs 31 woman as the standard for faithful, Spirit-filled women, offering instead a liberative paradigm grounded in womanist hermeneutics, ethics, and spirituality. This approach provides a critique of and corrective for the oppressive, erroneous, and dangerous interpretations of “virtue” and “womanhood” that do violence to female personhood, especially in the name of religion.

The Role of Women's Leadership in the Traditional Muslim Religious Movement (New Paradigm in PBNU Leadership 2022-2027)

<em>Seeing the structure of PBNU for the 2022-2027 Period, Gus Yahya (Top Leader of PBNU) gave an important role for women to join the structure of PBNU's daily management, after approximately 96 years PBNU did not involve women in its staff structure. This certainly affects the direction of PBNU organizational policies in the future. This study intends to analyze the shift in NU's religious paradigm related to the role of women in collective leadership at PBNU and its implications in responding to changing times as well as welcoming a new civilization within NU which is entering the second century. This research includes library research with a socio-phenomenological approach. This study resulted in the finding that the paradigm shift in NU leadership was based on changes in religious understanding and empirical experiences of NU clerics (Kiai and Nyai) in various aspects of life, religious, social, political, and cultural. In addition, many NU programs related to women such as reproductive health, sexual violence, migrant women workers, reproductive health, and women's radicalism are considerations for the importance of women's involvement in the development and implementation of these programs. Strategic roles in PBNU given to women such as Nyai Dr. (H.C) Sinta Nuriyah Abdurrahman at Musytasyar, Nyai Nafisah Ali Maksum at A'wan, Alissa Wahid and Khafifah Indar Parawansa at Tanfidziyah.</em>

The Role of Metaphysical Monism in the Construction of the Paradigm in the Religious City

The research discusses the development of an urban approach that acts as an orienting paradigm for the design in the religious city. Here comes the question about adopting metaphysical monism as an intellectual paradigm capable of formulating a formal paradigm of the religious town so that the city is not affected by undesirable transformations. To highlight the research problem, which stated: (there is no clear vision for the process of building a formal paradigm in the religious city based on the dominant intellectual forces), based on which the goal of the research was determined in making a theoretical framework for the intellectual and formal paradigm to extract the indicators defined by the forces controlling the formation of the holy city. The research was based on a hypothesis: (The paradigm is achieved in the religious city through the control of intellectual and formal indicators of the forces of metaphysical monotheism). Three study samples are elected for validation: local, regional and international. The research results revealed an almost complete absence of the formal religious paradigm, despite its intellectual solid untapped indicators in the local city.

Divided but linked by faith: Brexit and UK Muslims’ attitudes towards Europe

While issues of race and diversity have significantly dominated the rhetoric of Brexit Leavers and have shaped Britons’ attitudes towards membership of the European Union (EU), ethnic and religious minority voters’ attitudes towards Brexit have received little investigation. This article aims to fill this research gap by focusing on Muslims. It examines what differentiates Muslim Remainers from Muslim Leavers by focusing on their motivations to vote for or against Brexit. Despite being the religious group that was the most supportive of EU membership, the EU referendum has also created identity divisions amongst Muslims and has shed light on their ambivalent attitudes towards Europe and the benefits of EU membership. Several cumulative and cross-cutting factors have polarised this group regarding EU membership, such as their different perceptions of Europe and European identity, as well as issues pertaining to discrimination and Islamophobia, immigration and the economy.We argue that, beyond the divisions, Muslims’ attitudes towards Brexit were strongly correlated with the concept of ‘linked fate’, with the religious paradigm being an important predictor of Muslims’ voting behaviour.

Islamic Movements in Indonesia: A Critical Study of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and Jaringan Islam Liberal

For all religions, including Islam, pluralism in society is a challenge. Many thought reconstructions and debates regarding the Islamic paradigm are results of conflicts between right and left Islamic ideologies about the religious paradigm. This research aimed to determine how Jaringan Islam Liberal (JIL) and Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) groups embrace tolerance and social networks. The data were analyzed using van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis and a multi-level approach to offer a more critical understanding of the paradigms. This research discovered that JIL has promoted religious tolerance within its theological domain, while HTI has reacted adversely. HTI has not renounced tolerance, but its ideology does not include religious tolerance. HTI derives its legitimacy from Islam; its activists see Islam as a religion and an ideology. JIL also views religion as more than just text and pursues a contextual view of theology. Meanwhile, HTI was restricted to its textual interpretation. Its dissemination in several media outlets further demonstrated its paradigm and the unity of HTI members.

Motif dan Identitas Keagamaan dalam Persebaran Meme Hadis Tashabbuh di Media Sosial

This paper examines the expression of the Muslim community in narrating hadith tashabbuh (imitation) in the form of memes. It aims to analyze the form and tendency of the memes through social media as well as the motive behind its creation. Using the theory of reception and constructivism with discourse analysis framework, this article argues that: first, the resonance of hadith tashabbuh is echoed in three forms of memes that spread across social media, namely on the lifestyle, new year celebrations, and birthdays. Second, the motive behind this phenomenon is an effort to affirm the identity and truth claims of the religious ideology of the textualist-fundamentalist group. The affirmation is expressed by claiming to be a group that follows the Prophet’s sunna, while justifying others as a group that does not follow the sunna. On the other hand, there is also a motive in revitalizing and reactualizing hadith that in line with the group’s form of hadith understanding. In the end, it implied for the creation of contestation over the meaning of the hadith tashabbuh to various aspects of life which then affects the religious paradigm of the Muslim community.

CRETA Project

This article gives an account of a two-year project named CRETA (participatory construction of egalitarian societies) carried out by a group of 20 people in northern Italy. The initiative has tried to find concrete paths to establish an egalitarian society by building a new religious paradigm inspired by Modern Matriarchal Studies. After intensive training sessions, the participants began to develop concrete steps to get closer to the goal of creating an egalitarian community. The core aspects of matriarchal spirituality chosen by the participants which inspired the whole project are gender equality, immanent divinity and a cyclical worldview. The article presents the main results of the feminist participatory research that accompanied the community project. The pursuit of the participants to establish new, egalitarian religious practices is discussed and the challenges and achievements are reflected.

Religion as a Tool of Socio-Political Modernization in the Literary Works of A.P. Kazantsev

The fundamental contradiction between fantasy literature and religion is that the religious paradigm is based on faith, while the fantastic paradigm is based on fiction. For this reason, the theme of religion has been practically absent in the works of science fiction for a long time. Science fiction was more focused on the achievements of scientific and technological progress than on issues of religious consciousness. A. P. Kazantsev is one of the most prominent representatives of the literary and philosophical field of “scientific and technical romanticism”. The ideological paradigm of A. P. Kazantsev is based on the three foundations: humanism, technocracy and communism. Having studied technocracy as the most promising way of development for mankind, the author came to the conclusion that technocracy without humanity has no value. According to A. P. Kazantsev, natural values — kindness, humanism, love — are the very essence of human nature and therefore a socio-political system should be built on these bases. Religion is planted “from above” and without proper nourishment is quickly forgotten by society. So, for many centuries, religion, up to a certain point, played a big role in the political life of individual societies. Religion performed the most important social functions: the consolidation of society, the maintenance of social stability, the formation of group identity, which, with the advent of Modern times, largely, step by step, began to be fulfilled by political ideology

SYNERGY OF AUDIT AND ACCOUNTABILITY OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE FUND

Purpose – This study was conducted to see the Synergy between Auditing and Accounting of Social Assistance Funds Based on the Religious Paradigm
 Design/methodology/approach – This study uses primary data obtained directly through direct interviews with BPK RI South Sulawesi Province, Makassar City Social Service, La'latang Village, RT / RW, as well as receiving and not receiving social assistance.
 Findings – The results of this study indicate that government employees have not implemented accountability in disbursing social assistance funds.
 Originality – This study uses primary data obtained directly through direct interviews with BPK RI South Sulawesi Province, Makassar City Social Service, La'latang Village, RT / RW, as well as receiving and not receiving social assistance.
 Keywords: Auditing, Accountability, Social Assistance Fund
 Paper Type Research Result

Memaknai Pengasingan Orang Melayu-Indonesia di Ceylon, Sri Lanka

Ronit Ricci. 2019. Banishment and Belonging: Exile and Diaspora in Sarandib, Lanka, and Ceylon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.This essay reviews a book that explores Sri Lanka, one of the historical destinations of colonial exile, with a focus on the literary traditions of the Malay people, particularly Muslims. By using manuscripts written by exiles as the primary source, this work emphasizes contextual studies on dimensions of humanity and culture (manuscript cultures) to explain the experiences of exiles in the formation of the diaspora tradition of the Malay Muslim community. These sources prove that despite being forced to leave their homeland, the exiles were able to construct a religious paradigm that granted them the ability to deal with these political consequences while somehow countering the colonialists’ narratives. Therefore, this book suggests that due to the significant influence of Malay, particularly Islam, this region cannot be disregarded on the map of Southeast Asian Islamic studies. Additionally, this work implies that the concept of “Malay” is not only limited to a region of Southeast Asia today but also includes other regions with a history and culture of producing Malay manuscripts, such as Sri Lanka.

RELIGION, CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION, AND MODERNIZATION

Globalization is characterized by advances in science and technology that are inevitable by the community, including the people of Surakarta. People in Surakarta are in dilemma between tradition and modernization. Education, transportation, and economic advancement have transformed the social, religious, and cultural aspects of the people in Surakarta over the last three decades. Thus, how is the narrative of the paradigm shift of religiosity of the Surakarta community amid modernization? This descriptive qualitative study collected data through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The analysis employed an interactive analysis model. The findings revealed that the paradigm shift of religiosity of the Surakarta community is directly proportional to the social, political, economic, and cultural changes. There is a shift in the religious perspective of the Surakarta community known as hijrah from the abangan Muslim community to Islamist activism or new santri with all the limitations of understanding and Islamic doctrine, which requires assistance in terms of Javanese Islamic culture and local beliefs to avoid uprooting them. As a result of hijrah and becoming Islamic activism, people left the Javanese culture such as Kejawen and local beliefs. However, some of them have transformed the culture to fit the teachings of Islam. So far, those who hijrah to NU still adhere to religious traditions and even transform Javanese culture to suit the times. Meanwhile, Islamic activism has left Javanese Islamic traditions and local beliefs. The shift in religious paradigm asserts two things. They are internal and external encouragement. First, internal factors are in the form of encouragement from within religious communities. Second, external factors are external stimuli that can encourage a shift in the Surakarta community's religious perspective.

Paths to Radicalization: About Someone Who Does Not Believe and Yet Almost Moved out to Join the “Islamic State”

Abstract This article explores the question of which factors and dynamics lead also non-religious people to join the so-called “Islamic State”. The analysis starts with the biographical reconstruction of a radicalization process in Switzerland, the results of which are linked with sociological and socio-psychological explanations from the research on radicalization and extremism. The article shows that also in the field of “Islamic extremism” radicalization processes do not necessarily have to be ideologically or religiously underpinned, and that there are therefore doubts as to the comprehensive explanatory power of the religious paradigm.

Practicing Salvation: Meat-Eating, Martyrdom, and Sacrifice as Religious Ideals in the Zhenkongjiao

The Zhenkongjiao is a Chinese sectarian religion that was founded in Jiangxi in 1862. By the 1950s, the movement expanded into the lower Yangzi region, Guangdong province, and among the overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia. Unlike many sectarian religions and Buddhist movements in late-imperial and Republican China, the movement advocated non-vegetarianism and performed animal sacrifice. This article first sheds light on how the Zhenkongjiao’s promoters structured its belief system to address and challenge prevalent discourses of vegetarianism and nonkilling as markers of religious practice. I also propose that the Zhenkongjiao’s repertoire of thaumaturgical rituals—which include animal sacrifice—cannot be studied in isolation, but should be situated within a sectarian religious paradigm where sacrifice was exalted as a soteriological ideal. This study demonstrates the agency exercised by the Zhenkongjiao’s apologists, who appropriated and hybridized dominant religious discourses and cultural images characteristic of Republican China (1911–1949) to justify their beliefs and ritual systems.

Gender, Race, and Religion in an African Enlightenment

Black Panther (2018) not only heralded a new future for representation in big-budget films but also gave an alternative vision of the past, one which recasts the Enlightenment within an African context. By going through its technological enlightenment in isolation from Western ideals and dominance, Wakanda opens a space for reflecting on alternate ways progress can—and still might—unfold. More specifically, this alternative history creates room for reimagining how modernity—with its myriad social, scientific, and religious paradigm shifts—could have negotiated questions of race, and, in turn, how race could have informed and redirected some of the lesser impulses of modernity. Similar to genetic critiques, such alternative genealogies are not primarily about history but about the future, providing an almost eschatological vision of how society could be restructured.