Reliable Multicast Communication Research Articles

Suppression Attack Against Multicast Protocol in Low Power and Lossy Networks: Analysis and Defenses.

With increasingly prevalent wireless sensors and devices, low power and lossy networks (LLNs) play an essential role in the realization of ubiquitous computing and communication infrastructure, which, in turn, leads to enhanced data accessibility and availability. A multicast protocol for LLNs (MPL), has been standardized to provide both efficient and reliable multicast communication. Due to the shared wireless medium, lack of tamper resistance, and inherent resource constraints, MPL-based LLNs are undoubtedly vulnerable to various Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. In this paper, we propose a heuristic-based detection scheme, called HED, against the suppression attack in MPL-based LLNs, where a malicious node multicasts a series of spoof data messages with continuous sequence numbers to prevent normal nodes from accepting valid data messages and cause them to delete cached data messages. In the HED, each node maintains an increment rate of the minimum sequence number in the Seed Set to detect the potential malicious node by comparing the recent increment of sequence numbers with the heuristically calculated increment threshold of sequence numbers. We evaluate the proposed scheme through extensive simulation experiments using OMNeT++ and compare its performance with original MPL with and without adversary, respectively. The simulation results show high detection rate and packet reception rate but low false detection rate, and indicate that the proposed scheme is a potentially viable approach against the suppression attack in MPL-based LLNs.

Exploring the design space of reliable multicast protocols for wireless mesh networks

Many important applications in wireless mesh networks require reliable multicast communication, i.e., with 100% packet delivery ratio (PDR). Previously, numerous multicast protocols based on automatic repeat request (ARQ) have been proposed to improve the packet delivery ratio. However, these ARQ-based protocols can lead to excessive control overhead and drastically reduced throughput. In this paper, we present a comprehensive exploration of the design space for developing high-throughput, reliable multicast protocols that achieve 100% PDR. Motivated by the fact that 802.11 MAC layer broadcast, which is used by most wireless multicast protocols, offers no reliability, we first examine if better hop-by-hop reliability provided by unicasting the packets at the MAC layer can help to achieve end-to-end multicast reliability. We then turn to end-to-end solutions at the transport layer. Previously, forward error correction (FEC) techniques have been proved effective for providing reliable multicast in the Internet, by avoiding the control packet implosion and scalability problems of ARQ-based protocols. In this paper, we examine if FEC techniques can be equally effective to support reliable multicast in wireless mesh networks. We integrate four representative reliable schemes (one ARQ, one FEC, and two hybrid) originally developed for the Internet with a representative multicast protocol ODMRP and evaluate their performance. Our experimental results via extensive simulations offer an in-depth understanding of the various choices in the design space. First, compared to broadcast-based unreliable ODMRP, using unicast for per-hop transmission only offers a very small improvement in reliability under low load, but fails to improve the reliability under high load due to the significantly increased capacity requirement which leads to congestion and packet drop. Second, at the transport layer, the use of pure FEC can significantly improve the reliability, increasing PDR up to 100% in many cases, but can be inefficient in terms of the number of redundant packets transmitted. In contrast, a carefully designed ARQ–FEC hybrid protocol, such as RMDP, can also offer 100% reliability while improving the efficiency by up to 38% compared to a pure FEC scheme. To our best knowledge, this is the first in-depth study of high-throughput, reliable multicast protocols that provide 100% PDR for wireless mesh networks.

Realization of a Scalable and Reliable Multicast Transport Protocol for Many-to-Many Sessions

In this paper, we present the Enhanced Communication Transport Protocol–Part 5 (ECTP-5), which provides scalable and reliable multicast communication service for many-to-many applications by constructing high quality recovery trees from two-layer logical trees and repairing the losses via unicast automatic repeat request–based error control. In order to realize the protocol, we developed feasible protocol architectures and building blocks including additional functions which deal with engineering details, such as membership dynamics and sender coordination. Experimental results show that ECTP-5 scales well with various session sizes and packet loss rates in terms of control overhead and recovery latency.

An efficient fault-tolerant multicast routing protocol with core-based tree techniques

In this paper, we design and analyze an efficient fault-tolerant multicast routing protocol. Reliable multicast communication is critical for the success of many Internet applications. Multicast routing protocols with core-based tree techniques (CBT) have been widely used because of their scalability and simplicity. We enhance the CBT protocol with fault tolerance capability and improve its efficiency and effectiveness. With our strategy, when a faulty component is detected, some pre-defined backup path(s) is (are) used to bypass the faulty component and enable the multicast communication to continue. Our protocol only requires that routers near the faulty component be reconfigured, thus reducing the runtime overhead without compromising much of the performance. Our approach is in contrast to other approaches that often require relatively large tree reformation when faults occur. These global methods are usually costly and complicated in their attempt to achieve theoretically optimal performance. Our performance evaluation shows that our new protocol performs nearly as well as the best possible global method while utilizing much less runtime overhead and implementation cost.

The impact of routing on multicast error recovery

We investigate the relationship between multicast routing algorithms and reliable multicast communication. To capture the impact of the multicast tree topology onto reliable multicast, we consider two performance measures, namely the probability mass function of successful receptions and the expected number of retransmissions needed to deliver a packet successfully from the source to all receivers. Since the expected number of retransmissions is computationally expensive we also give a tight approximation. We finally evaluate the impact of routing algorithms on the performance of reliable multicast transmission and propose a realistic generic model for a multicast tree.

Optimistic parallel simulation of reliable multicast protocols

Parallel discrete-event simulation offers the promise of harnessing the computational power of multiple processors in order to reduce the time needed for simulation-based performance studies. In this paper, we investigate the use of optimistic parallel simulation techniques in simulating reliable multicast communication network protocols. Through empirical studies (using the TeD simulation programming language, the Georgia Tech time warp simulator, and a 12-processor SGI Challenge), we find that these parallelized simulations can run noticeably faster than a uniprocessor simulation and, in a number of cases, can make effective use of parallel resources. These results are somewhat surprising because reliable multicast protocols require considerable communication (and hence synchronization) among different network entities.

A generic multicast transport service to support disconnected operation

Many mobile computing applications can profit from process groups and reliable multicast communication to maintain replicated data, but most operating systems available today fail in providing the primitive operations needed by such applications. In this paper we describe a highly configurable, Generic Multicast Transport Service (GTS), which supports the implementation of group-based applications in wide-area settings. GTS is unique in that it offers fault-tolerant, order-preserving multicast on arbitrary communication protocols, including e-mail. As another distinguishing mark, messages can be sent to processes even when they are temporarily unavailable, which permits disconnected operation and mobility. We further propose an object-oriented system design consisting of adaptor objects interconnected to form a protocol tree. Adaptor objects offer a common interface to dissimilar communication protocols, and make it easy to incorporate new protocols into GTS. Currently, GTS is being used in a cooperative software engineering environment and in other projects. GTS is available for anonymous ftp.

Log-based receiver-reliable multicast for distributed interactive simulation

Reliable multicast communication is important in large-scale distributed applications. For example, reliable multicast is used to transmit terrain and environmental updates in distributed simulations. To date, proposed protocols have not supported these applications' requirements, which include wide-area data distribution, low-latency packet loss detection and recovery, and minimal data and management over-head within fine-grained multicast groups, each containing a single data source.In this paper, we introduce the notion of Log-Based Receiver-reliable Multicast (LBRM) communication, and we describe and evaluate a collection of log-based receiver reliable multicast optimizations that provide an efficient, scalable protocol for high-performance simulation applications. We argue that these techniques provide value to a broader range of applications and that the receiver-reliable model is an appropriate one for communication in general.

Ordered and reliable multicast communication

article Free AccessOrdered and reliable multicast communication Authors: Hector Garcia-Molina Princeton University Princeton UniversityView Profile , AnneMarie Spauster Smith College Smith CollegeView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Transactions on Computer SystemsVolume 9Issue 3Aug. 1991 pp 242–271https://doi.org/10.1145/128738.128741Published:01 August 1991Publication History 127citation1,110DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations127Total Downloads1,110Last 12 Months182Last 6 weeks67 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF