Reliability Of Parents Research Articles

Development and Reliability of Parents' Body Posture Literacy Questionnaire (PBPLQ)

Introduction: Postural defects are a serious problem in modern society. In research on the subject, it is indicated that parents should pay special attention to their children's body posture. Basic knowledge in the field of posture defects and prevention will help prevent and deal with postural defects in children.Objectives: The aim of the study is to design and determine the reliability of a questionnaire examining parents' knowledge of postural health.Material and methods: The questionnaire development process consisted of the following steps: content and face validation, as well as reliability analysis. The questionnaire contains items assessing parents' literacy of body posture and was conducted among 55 Polish parents of school-age children and adolescents.Results: Initial results (first test-retest) for 37 participants revealed substantial reliability (0.61 to 1.00), however, it was exhibited that modifications were needed for some specific questions. After revisions and retesting (second test-retest of 18 participants), the updated questionnaire demonstrated significantly improved reliability (Cohen's kappa coefficient ranged from 0.85 to 1.00).Conclusions: The developed questionnaire is valid in terms of face and content validity, as well as reliability for assessing parents' literacy of body posture, and can potentially be used in clinical trials and practical settings.

Reliability and validity of Urdu PARENTS for assessing non-technical skills of paediatric residents in a teaching hospital in Pakistan

PurposeThe primary objective of our study is twofold. First, we assessed nontechnical skills (NTSs), such as the cognitive, social, and personal skills of postgraduate residents (PGRs), from paediatric caregivers’ perspectives in a paediatric emergency department (PED) of a tertiary care hospital. Second, we evaluated the reliability and validity of the ‘Parents’ Assessment of Residents Enacting Non-Technical Skills’ (PARENTS) instrument in its Urdu-translated version, ensuring its applicability and accuracy in the Pakistani context.Materials and methodsThis mixed-method study used an instrument translation and validation design. We translated an existing instrument, PARENTS, into Urdu, the national language of Pakistan, and administered it to paediatric caregivers in the PED of a tertiary care hospital. We collected data from 471 paediatric caregivers and coded them for analysis in AMOS and SPSS.ResultsThe Urdu-translated version of the PARENTS demonstrated reliability and internal validity in our study. The findings from the assessment revealed that paediatric caregivers expressed satisfaction with the knowledge and skill of residents. However, there was comparatively lower satisfaction regarding the residents’ display of patience or empathy towards the children under their care.ConclusionThe study findings support the validity and reliability of the PARENTS as an effective instrument for assessing the NTS of PGRs from the perspective of paediatric caregivers. With its demonstrated efficacy, medical educators can utilize PARENTS to pinpoint specific areas that require attention regarding the NTS of PGRs, thus facilitating targeted interventions for enhanced patient care outcomes.

Validity and Reliability of Hospitalization Anxiety Scale Based on Parent Perception in Children Age 1-6 Years

Hospital is a stressful experience for both children and their families. The main stressors could be in the form of separation from family, loss of control, bodily injury, and pain. In clinical practice, nursing assessments in identifying anxiety in children and parents were often challenging. Nurses tended to focus on the physical problem of children than on physicological respond. This research aimed to test the validity and reliability of parents' perception scale about hospitalization anxiety of children aged 1-6 years. The research used a descriptive-analytic research design with a cross-sectional study approach. The sample in this research were 34 parents taken by accidental sampling technique. The sample criteria were children undergoing hospitalization aged 1-6 years and being treated for more than one day. Data were collected using a questionnaire for parents' perceptions about the anxiety of hospitalization for children aged 1-6 years. This questionnaire consisted of 18 items ranging from never to often. The researcher used the Cronbach alpha test and Pearson product-moment to analyze the data. The results showed that 15 items were valid and reliable (r> 0.339) and Cronbach's Alpha value = 0.885). We could conclude that the scale was valid and reliable in measuring parents' perceptions about the anxiety of hospitalization for children aged 1-6 years. Further research was needed to test the effectiveness of this scale in a practical setting. Keywords: Children, hospitalization anxiety, reability and validity

The Validity and Reliability of Parent’s Recall for Routine Immunization in Cameroon

The Validity and Reliability of Parent’s Recall for Routine Immunization in Cameroon

Characterization of infants’ general movements based on a single RGB-Depth camera: a feasibility study

Movements in infants have age-specific characteristics which could be quantified by extracting specific metrics based on the kinematics of General Movements (GM). For this purpose, a number of metrics have been proposed [1,2]. However the latter have been often obtained using complex and expensive experimental setups. The aim of this study was to evaluate if a simple experimental setup associated (RGB-D camera) with a suitable signal processing (a purposely modified markerless method - MLM) can be used to characterize the GM with the above-mentioned metrics. Data from three typically developing infants sitting in a baby seat were acquired at 3, 4 and 5 months from birth with a single RGB-D camera with depth obtained from a stereoscopic view of two infrared sensors (Intel RealSense D435). Each acquisition lasted three minutes. First, the video and depth data alignment was guaranteed using a purposely developed method, then an automatic tracking algorithm (DeepLabCut [3]) was used to estimate the locations of six points of interest (PoI) for both left and right upper body sides (shoulder, elbow and wrist). The 3D position of PoIs tracked in the RGB images was obtained by exploiting the depth data. Erroneous values were found when one or more of the following situations occurred: 1) a residual spatial misalignment between RGB and depth images, 2) a ‘black’ area in the depth images caused by the different points of view of the two infrared sensors and 3) PoIs were occluded by a body segment. Such erroneous values were replaced by applying a cubic spline interpolation to obtain the 3D trajectories of the PoIs. The periodicity index of the wrist trajectories, the area in which the wrist velocity profiles fall outside the standard deviation band of their moving average and the skewness of the wrist velocity were then determined [1]. Results are shown in Table 1. This work has shown that the infants’ GM could be characterized with a simple experimental setup, therefore giving parents the possibility of performing such evaluations at home with a higher frequency than currently possible in clinical facilities. This would allow an earlier detection of the appearance of GM anomalies. Additional work is needed to streamline the process and reduce the processing time while developing protocols for improving the acceptance and reliability of parents’ participation.

Management of Gender Determination of Newborns and Children with Disorders of Sex Development Using a Multidisciplinary Approach: An Exploratory Study of Islamic Perspective in Malaysia.

Management of newborns with disorders of sex development (DSD), especially in deciding the need for a sex assignment surgery, is a complex matter. It is associated with many bioethical issues, such as concerns about the rights and welfare of the newborns and the reliability of parents' consent to the paternalistic disposition of physicians in making the best decisions. This paper, containing interviews with six medical experts and three religious' experts, aims to raise awareness of the multidisciplinary approach, which uses a combination of medicine, religion, and ethics in managing children with DSD, particularly in Malaysia, to avoid unnecessary psychological, biological, emotional, and societal ramifications.

Health-related quality of life in children with flexible flatfeet: a cross-sectional study.

PurposeThe effect of paediatric flexible flatfeet (PFF) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has not been investigated. In this prospective cross-sectional study, the HRQOL of children with PFF was compared to those with typically developing feet (TDF) using two validated measures. We hypothesised that reduced HRQOL would be observed in children with PFF. The reliability of parents’ perceptions of their child’s symptoms was also investigated.Methods48 children with PFF and 47 with TDF between the ages of 8 and 15 completed The Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children (OxAFQ-C) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™ 4.0). Proxy questionnaires were also completed. Reliability of parent and child questionnaire scores was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Student’s t test. Differences between HRQOL between PFF and TDF were assessed using the Student’s t test.ResultsICCs overall demonstrated good reliability between parent and child questionnaire domain scores. There was a tendency for parents to overestimate the impairment of the child in the PFF group. PFF children demonstrated clinically significant decreased HRQOL than TDF children. This was most marked in the physical domain scores.ConclusionAlthough parents may overestimate their child’s impairment, children with PFF still have significantly impaired HRQOL when compared to TDF children. The impairment can be as severe, or worse, than published HRQOL for acutely and chronically unwell children. As such, PFF cannot be regarded as just a benign normal variant. The management of PFF should involve consideration of the symptom profile and HRQOL.Level of evidence:II.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11832-014-0621-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

I'm Tired of My Child Getting Into Trouble: Parental Controls and Supports of Juvenile Probationers

Examining the relationship between parental controls and supports and the reoffending patterns of juvenile probationers, this study used a convenience sample of 88 parents of court-involved youth in one jurisdiction. Parents completed a questionnaire regarding their utilization of parental controls and supports. Overall, the results indicated that parental supervision, parental reliability, and prior record were significant contributors of reoffending whereas in the parental efficacy models, parental resignation was a significant predictor of offending patterns. These findings have practical implications for juvenile justice professionals.

Discussion of Psychosocial Issues: Reliability of Parent and Physician Report

Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics: October 2001 - Volume 22 - Issue 5 - p 350-351

The role of the family in the assessment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

The family plays an essential and primary role in the assessment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children. This article seeks to provide the clinician with an understanding of the families of children with ADHD and how the functioning of the family might impact the outcome of assessment. It does so by discussing the role of the family in the assessment process within the context of current standards of practice, examining the characteristics and functioning of families of children with ADHD, and reviewing the issues in the use of parents and children as informants in the assessment of ADHD. With the latter, the factors which influence parent report, the reliability of parents and children as informants, and the correspondence of parents, children, and other informants are discussed.

Age Differences in the Reliability of Parent and Child Reports of Child Anxious Symptomatology Using a Structured Interview

Test-retest reliability of child and parent reports of anxious symptomatology, using a structured interview (The Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for Children; ADIS-C and ADIS-P), was examined with 50 outpatients and their parents. The test-retest was 10 to 14 days. Reliability was examined for three parameters: (1) an exact match on primary anxiety diagnoses; (2) symptom scale scores; and (3) clinician's agreement on severity ratings. Overall, satisfactory reliability across the three parameters was found. The results were viewed to be promising in light of previous research that parents and children tend to be unreliable in making such reports. Age differences in reliability were also examined between children 6 to 11 and 12 to 17 years old. Discrepancies between parent and child reports and age differences between samples (i.e., 6-11, 12-17) are discussed.

A trial of parent held child health records in the armed forces.

BrMedJ 1990;300:1046 The strategy of issuing parents with the main record of their children's development was considered likely to benefit families in the armed forces because it would provide those who have to move home regularly with an up to date record of immunisation procedures and developmental checks. The scheme was therefore introduced in the British army and Royal Air Force garrisons in West Germany for a trial period. From October 1987 health visitors issued child health records to the parents of newborn babies, and the reliability of parents as custodians of these documents was tested by conducting a follow up study.

Are child sexual experiences related to eating-disordered attitudes and behaviors in a college sample?

Clinicians and theorists have suggested a link between child sexual abuse (CSA) and the later development of eating disorders. Finkelhor and Browne (1986) argue that this link is mediated by abuse characteristics, personality variables, and levels of family support. The present study investigated child sexual experiences and family support as predictors of disordered attitudes and behaviors in a well-functioning female college sample. Abused respondents had higher total scores on the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) than nonabused respondents, but a MANOVA revealed no between-group differences on the EDI subscales. Further, abuse characteristics were either unrelated (e.g., severity) or weakly related (e.g., reaction to abuse) to EDI scores. Family support, especially parental reliability, did predict EDI scores. This was more true for CSA victims. Thus, there appeared to be an interactive relationship between abuse status and family variables in influencing EDI scores.

Interrater Reliability of Parent—Infant Interaction Scales

The interrater reliability of three different interaction scales—the Maternal Behavior Rating Scale, the Rating Scales of Mother-Child Interaction, and the Teaching Skills Inventory—were estimated with four different statistical techniques: Pearson correlations, percentages of agreement, comparisons of raters' means, and generalizability theory techniques. The estimates varied widely, both within and across the three interaction scales. The meanings of each statistical approach are discussed, and some suggestions are given to help a researcher decide which approach to use in particular circumstances.

Pneumatoceles Following Hydrocarbon Ingestion-Reply

In Reply.—In response to Dr. Holmes' pertinent observations, let us say that we agree that the management of the first case was suboptimal. This points up the fact that in a large with hundreds of attending physicians and dozens of house officers, a uniform approach to any selected disease rarely exists. The article, however, was not published on the pretense of describing the subtleties of therapy of hydrocarbon ingestion and never implied that the therapeutics described were to be construed as standard care. The article makes no claim outside of reviewing the pertinent data on one selected aspect of the disease. Nevertheless, we disagree that allchildren who are symptomatic from hydrocarbon ingestion [should] be admitted to the hospital (italics ours). This would imply that any child with slight fever or cough should be admitted regardless of time since ingestion, reliability of parents, access to medical care, or