Release Of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Research Articles

Vaginal Suppositories with siRNA and Paclitaxel-Incorporated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Cervical Cancer: Preparation and InVitro Evaluation.

The objective of this study is to prepare vaginal suppository containing chemotherapeutic agent and genetic material that can be applied locally for cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is one of the most life-threatening types of cancer among women and is generally resistant to chemotherapy. Paclitaxel has been selected as chemotherapeutic agent, and siRNA that inhibits the Bcl-2 oncogene has been selected as the genetic material for simultaneous vaginal delivery. For this purpose, three different solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were prepared that include Bcl-2 siRNA and paclitaxel and paclitaxel/Bcl-2 siRNA combination separately, and these SLN formulations were dispersed in vaginal suppositories prepared with PEG 6000. First, the physicochemical properties of SLNs, their cytotoxicities on HeLa cell lines, and the transfection ability of siRNA-incorporated SLN on the cells have been examined. Afterward, the release of SLNs from the three different vaginal suppositories prepared has been determined via horizontal diffusion chamber system. The loaded amount to the SLNs and release amount from suppositories of paclitaxel have been determined via HPLC, whereas stability, loading, and release amount of siRNA has been determined via gel retardation system and UV spectrophotometer.

Formulation and Characterization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Artemether and Lumefantrine for Treatment of P. falciparum

Objective: To investigate sustained release of solid lipid nanoparticles containing Artemether and Lumefantrine against the P. falciparum by the combination of drugs that eventually will decrease the chance of drug resistance development. Methods: Artemether and Lumefantrine come under BCS class II (poor aqueous solubility and high permeability) and these drug molecules possess low oral bioavailability due to improper dissolution and incomplete absorption. Novel formulation of Artemether and Lumefantrine may eliminate all of shortcomings and may lead to enhance oral bioavailability due to increase in solubility of these drugs. Liquid crystalline nanoparticles (cubosomes or hexosomes) containing Artemether and Lumefantrine were formulated by Hydrotropic dilution method. In this method ethanolic solution of GMO with drug and aqueous solution of Poloxamer 407 were prepared by vortexing. Water phase containing the Poloxamer (10% w/v) added to the ethanolic phase drop wise with continuously vortexing resulting in the precipitation of the GMO. A milky suspension is formed which indicate the formation of liquid crystallineas Results: The average particle size of Artemether and Lumefantrine loaded SLNs decreased with increasing concentration of surfactant. SLNs of 193.5-194 nm with a Polydispersity index of (0.600 ± 0.10) were obtained at higher concentration of lipid and surfactant. Entrapment efficiency of Artemether and Lumefantrine were found 85% and 95.5% insolid lipid nanoparticles. Furthermore the stability of SLNs indicated with negligible drug leakage after 3 weeks in stability studies as per ICH guidelines. Physical and chemical stability study revealed no major change in particle size and entrapment efficiency of liquid crystalline nanoparticles. Conclusion: The result concluded that Artemether and Lumefantrine were loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles that exhibited sustained release from the designed dosage form against the P. falciparum and decrease the chances of drug resistance development during the treatment.

Solid lipid nanoparticles affect microbial colonization and enzymatic activity throughout the decomposition of alder leaves in freshwater microcosms

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are used as carriers for drug delivery, and are high biocompatible and designed to endure in the host organism. Despite its current industrial production is low, many of these substances are available on the market, and much more are in the production pipeline. As a result, many of them will end in aquatic systems raising the question whether they can pose a risk to aquatic biota and the associated ecological processes. Microbial decomposers of plant litter, play a key role in forested streams being responsible for the energy flow between terrestrial and aquatic environments. Here, we investigated the effects of SLNs on alder leaf litter decomposition by aquatic microbes. Alder leaves were immersed in a stream of Northeast Portugal to allow microbial colonization before being exposed in microcosms of two types of SLNs at two concentrations for 42 days. Results showed that rates of leaf decomposition decreased with exposure to SLNs. Bacterial biomass was not inhibited by SLNs, and cultivable fungi densities remained constant (SLN-A) or increased (SLN-C) compared with control microcosms. The type and concentration of SLNs influenced differently the leaf colonization by fungi as well as fungal sporulation rate. These effects were accompanied by changes in the community extraenzymatic profile: the activities of alkaline phosphatase, acidic phosphatase, Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase (P cycle) and lipases increased in the SLNs microcosms. This study provided the first evidence of the adverse effects of the release of SLNs to streams on leaf litter decomposition. Those effects seem to depend on the composition and concentration of SLNs, as well on the microbial target group, or enzyme. Thus, prior to massive industrial production of these nanomaterials, some measures should be taken to avoid environmental impact affecting the microbial communities responsible for detritus decomposition.

Review of sunscreen and the emergence of non-conventional absorbers and their applications in ultraviolet protection

Protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the major function of sunscreen lotions and UV-protective coatings for vehicles, homes, equipment and clothing. Sunscreen formulations have been optimized to become protective over a broader spectrum of UV radiation and maintain greater photostability. They are comprised of organic and inorganic components that act as chemical and physical UV protectors, respectively. Some of the organic components are limited by their spectrum of protection and photostability. Studies using solid lipid nanoparticles, recently explored organic molecules, inorganic components and antioxidants attempt to further optimize UV protection. In this review, we examine traditional and emerging nanoparticle components and highlight novel ideas in UV protection which may provide pathways for future studies.