Alcohol Consumption In Relation Research Articles

The Relationship of Alcohol Consumption and Drinking Pattern to the Risk of Glomerular Hyperfiltration in Middle-aged Japanese Men: The Kansai Healthcare Study.

Glomerular hyperfiltration has been reported to be associated with adverse renal outcomes in the general population. It is not known whether drinking pattern is associated with the risk of glomerular hyperfiltration in healthy individuals. We prospectively followed middle-aged 8,640 Japanese men with normal renal function, no proteinuria, no diabetes, and no use of antihypertensive medications at entry. Data on alcohol consumption were gathered by questionnaire. Glomerular hyperfiltration was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥117 mL/min/1.73 m2, which was the upper 2.5th percentile value of eGFR in the entire cohort. During 46,186 person-years of follow-up, 330 men developed glomerular hyperfiltration. In a multivariate model, for men who consumed alcohol on 1-3 days per week, alcohol consumption of ≥69.1 g ethanol/drinking day was significantly associated with the risk of glomerular hyperfiltration (hazard ratio [HR] 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-4.74) compared with non-drinkers. For those who consumed alcohol on 4-7 days per week, higher alcohol consumption per drinking day was associated with a higher risk of glomerular hyperfiltration: the HRs for alcohol consumption of 46.1-69.0, and ≥69.1 g ethanol/drinking day were 1.55 (95% CI, 1.01-2.38), and 1.78 (95% CI, 1.02-3.12), respectively. For high drinking frequency per week, more alcohol intake per drinking day was associated with an increased risk of glomerular hyperfiltration, while for low drinking frequency per week, only very high alcohol intake per drinking day was associated with an increased risk of glomerular hyperfiltration in middle-aged Japanese men.

Sensation seeking, drinking motives, and going out mediate the link between eveningness and alcohol use and problems in adolescence

ABSTRACT The present study was aimed at obtaining a more comprehensive understanding of the possible mediating factors in the morningness-eveningness → alcohol consumption relation. We explored the role of mediators such as sensation seeking, the frequency of going out in the evenings, and drinking motives. We tested the proposed mediation model via structural equation modeling based on cross-sectional research conducted among Hungarian adolescents and young adults (N = 1695, 42.5% male, M age = 18.98, SD age = 1.89). The outcomes included the frequency of alcohol consumption and problematic drinking. Both alcohol consumption and problematic drinking were predicted in similar directions and magnitudes by sensation seeking, “going out,” and coping drinking motives. However, eveningness still had a significant direct effect on alcohol consumption and problematic drinking after we controlled for sensation seeking, going out, and drinking motives. For problematic drinking, the possible role of drinking motives seems to be higher and more complex than it is for alcohol consumption. The mediators, such as sensation seeking, the amount of time spent out in the evenings, and drinking motives, can explain the eveningness → alcohol consumption relationship and should be targeted for alcohol prevention programs among evening-type adolescents.

Alcohol Intake and Arterial Hypertension: Retelling of a Multifaceted Story

Alcoholic beverages are common components of diets worldwide and understanding their effects on humans' health is crucial. Because hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality, the relationship of alcohol consumption with blood pressure (BP) has been the subject of extensive investigation. For the purpose of this review, we searched the terms "alcohol", "ethanol", and "arterial hypertension" on Pubmed MeSH and selected the most relevant studies. Short-term studies showed a biphasic BP response after ingestion of high doses of alcohol, and sustained alcohol consumption above 30 g/day, significantly, and dose-dependently, increased the risk for hypertension. These untoward effects of alcoholic beverages on BP can be mediated by a multiplicity of neurohormonal mechanisms. In addition to the effects on BP, excess alcohol intake might contribute to cardiac and renal hypertensive organ damage, although some studies suggest possible benefits of moderate alcohol consumption on additional cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes and lipoprotein(a). Some intervention studies and cumulative analyses support the evidence of a benefit of the reduction/withdrawal of alcohol consumption on BP and cardiovascular outcomes. This is why guidelines of scientific societies recommend avoidance or limitation of alcohol intake below one unit/day for women and two units/day for men. This narrative article overviews all these topics, providing an update of the current knowledge on the relationship between alcohol and BP.

The Relationship of Alcohol Consumption and HDL Metabolism in the Multiethnic Dallas Heart Study

Small studies have suggested that moderate alcohol consumption increases HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), a main anti-atherosclerotic HDL function. This study aimed to understand the degree to which alcohol intake is associated with various HDL markers in a large, multiethnic population cohort, the Dallas Heart Study (DHS), and whether alcohol modifies the link between HDL markers and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Participants of the DHS were included if they had self-reported alcohol intake and CEC measurements (N=2,919). Alcohol intake was analyzed continuously (grams/week) and as an ordered categorical variable (never, past, light, moderate, heavy, and binge drinkers). HDL-C, CEC, HDL particle number (HDL-P), HDL particle size (HDL-size), and ApoA-I were the primary HDL measures. After adjustment for confounding variables, increasing continuous measure of alcohol intake was associated with increased levels of all HDL markers. Moreover, as compared to moderate drinkers, light drinkers had decreased levels of the HDL markers. In a large, multiethnic cohort, increased alcohol intake was associated with increased levels of multiple markers of HDL metabolism. However, the association of HDL markers with ASCVD risk as modified by alcohol consumption is unable to be determined in this low-risk cohort.

Obesity Is Positively Associated and Alcohol Intake Is Negatively Associated with Nephrolithiasis.

The current research investigated the impacts of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity on the development of nephrolithiasis. We included ≥40-year-old Koreans from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort. A total of 28,395 nephrolithiasis patients were compared with 113,580 control participants. Previous histories of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity were examined before the presence of nephrolithiasis. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity for nephrolithiasis. Further analyses were conducted, according to age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity. The current smoking status was not linked with the presence of nephrolithiasis. Alcohol consumption was linked with a lower likelihood of the presence of nephrolithiasis (adjusted OR (aOR) = 0.89, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0.86–0.92, p < 0.001). Being obese was associated with a greater likelihood of the presence of nephrolithiasis ((95% CI) = 1.27 (1.22–1.31) < 1.42 (1.37–1.46) < 1.59 (1.47–1.71) for overweight < obese I < obese II). The relation of alcohol consumption and obesity with nephrolithiasis was consistent in the subgroups. The presence of nephrolithiasis was positively linked with obesity and negatively linked with alcohol consumption.

Blood transcriptomic biomarkers of alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease risk factors: the Framingham Heart Study.

The relations of alcohol consumption and gene expression remain to be elucidated. We examined cross-sectional associations between alcohol consumption and whole blood derived gene expression levels and between alcohol-associated genes and obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in 5531 Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants. We identified 25 alcohol-associated genes. We further showed cross-sectional associations of 16 alcohol-associated genes with obesity, nine genes with hypertension, and eight genes with diabetes at P < 0.002. For example, we observed decreased expression of PROK2 (β = -0.0018; 95%CI: -0.0021, -0.0007; P= 6.5e - 5) and PAX5 (β = -0.0014; 95%CI: -0.0021, -0.0007; P = 6.5e - 5) per 1g/day increase in alcohol consumption. Consistent with our previous observation on the inverse association of alcohol consumption with obesity and positive association of alcohol consumption with hypertension, we found that PROK2 was positively associated with obesity (OR = 1.42; 95%CI: 1.17, 1.72; P = 4.5e - 4) and PAX5 was negatively associated with hypertension (OR = 0.73; 95%CI: 0.59, 0.89; P = 1.6e - 3). We also observed that alcohol consumption was positively associated with expression of ABCA13 (β = 0.0012; 95%CI: 0.0007, 0.0017; P = 1.3e - 6) and ABCA13 was positively associated with diabetes (OR = 2.57; 95%CI: 1.73, 3.84; P = 3.5e - 06); this finding, however, was inconsistent with our observation of an inverse association between alcohol consumption and diabetes. We showed strong cross-sectional associations between alcohol consumption and expression levels of 25 genes in FHS participants. Nonetheless, complex relationships exist between alcohol-associated genes and CVD risk factors.

A Prospective Observational Study on Drug Utilization Pattern and Relation of Alcohol Consumption in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital

A Prospective Observational Study on Drug Utilization Pattern and Relation of Alcohol Consumption in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital

'Joining the Dots': Individual, Sociocultural and Environmental Links between Alcohol Consumption, Dietary Intake and Body Weight-A Narrative Review.

Alcohol is energy-dense, elicits weak satiety responses relative to solid food, inhibits dietary fat oxidation, and may stimulate food intake. It has, therefore, been proposed as a contributor to weight gain and obesity. The aim of this narrative review was to consolidate and critically appraise the evidence on the relationship of alcohol consumption with dietary intake and body weight, within mainstream (non-treatment) populations. Publications were identified from a PubMed keyword search using the terms ‘alcohol’, ‘food’, ‘eating’, ‘weight’, ‘body mass index’, ‘obesity’, ‘food reward’, ‘inhibition’, ‘attentional bias’, ‘appetite’, ‘culture’, ‘social’. A snowball method and citation searches were used to identify additional relevant publications. Reference lists of relevant publications were also consulted. While limited by statistical heterogeneity, pooled results of experimental studies showed a relatively robust association between acute alcohol intake and greater food and total energy intake. This appears to occur via metabolic and psychological mechanisms that have not yet been fully elucidated. Evidence on the relationship between alcohol intake and weight is equivocal. Most evidence was derived from cross-sectional survey data which does not allow for a cause-effect relationship to be established. Observational research evidence was limited by heterogeneity and methodological issues, reducing the certainty of the evidence. We found very little qualitative work regarding the social, cultural, and environmental links between concurrent alcohol intake and eating behaviours. That the evidence of alcohol intake and body weight remains uncertain despite no shortage of research over the years, indicates that more innovative research methodologies and nuanced analyses are needed to capture what is clearly a complex and dynamic relationship. Also, given synergies between ‘Big Food’ and ‘Big Alcohol’ industries, effective policy solutions are likely to overlap and a unified approach to policy change may be more effective than isolated efforts. However, joint action may not occur until stronger evidence on the relationship between alcohol intake, food intake and weight is established.

1077-P: Alcohol Consumption, Smoking Habits, and the Risk of Incident Glomerular Hyperfiltration in Subjects with Impaired Fasting Glucose

Although glomerular hyperfiltration (GHF) is a major risk of diabetic nephropathy and it is important to prevent GHF in subjects with prediabetes, it is not known which factors are associated with the risk of GHF. We prospectively examined the relationship of alcohol consumption and smoking habits to the risk of GHF in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Study population was 2811 middle-aged Japanese men who had IFG, no proteinuria, no GHF, and no low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline, and who did not have low eGFR before the onset of GHF during the follow-up period. GHF was defined as eGFR ≥117 mL/min/1.73 m2, which was the upper 2.5th percentile value of eGFR in the all study population of our cohort. Low eGFR was defined as eGFR &amp;lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Based on daily alcohol consumption, subjects were classified as follows: non-drinkers, 0.1-23.0, 23.1-46.0, and ≥46.1 g ethanol/day. As for smoking habits, subjects were divided into non-smokers, past smokers, and current smokers. During the 6-year follow-up period, 103 men developed GHF. After adjusted for BMI, fasting plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, use of anti-hypertensive medications, and regular physical exercise, both daily alcohol consumption and smoking habits were independently associated with the risk of the incident GHF. Multiple-adjusted HRs of incident GHF for those who drank 0.1-23.0, 23.1-46.0, and ≥46.1 g ethanol/day were 0.94 (95% CI, 0.46-1.95), 1.34 (0.66-2.70), and 2.48 (1.19-5.15), respectively, compared with non-drinkers. Multiple-adjusted HRs of those for past smokers and current smokers were 0.86 (0.42-1.75), and 1.77 (1.00-3.14), respectively, compared with non-smokers. In conclusion, high daily alcohol consumption and current smoking increased the risk of GHF in subjects with IFG. Disclosure M. Shibata: None. T. Hayashi: None. K. K. Sato: None. S. Uehara: None. N. Nishida: None. K. Okamura: None. I. Shibata: None. H. Koh: None. K. Oue: None. M. Morimoto: None.

Relations of alcohol consumption and sleep among community-dwelling elderly living in cold region of Russia: a cross-sectional study

Alcohol consumption is high in the colder regions of Russia, and it is related to poor sleep quality, mental and physical health problems. Little known on the actual situation, and no appropriate amount of drinking has been shown as a health guidance. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between alcohol consumption (in pure alcohol) and sleep among older people living in the Russian Siberian region, and the factors related to alcohol consumption. A self-reported questionnaire survey was administered to 422 elderly over the age of 60 living in Novosibirsk, the central city of Siberia. Question items were basic attributes, health status, drinking habits, Short Form-8 Health Survey, Geriatric Depression Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. For drinking elderly, daily amount of alcohol converted in pure alcohol was calculated, and logistic regression analysis among the two groups was compared based on the median value (32 g). The valid responses from the survey was 416 (98.9%). Of these, 293 with drinking habits were subjected to logistic regression analysis using pure alcohol (≥32 g/day) as the dependent variable. Significant relationships were found with gender (OR=0.586; 95%CI: 0.345-0.995), years of education (OR=1.538; 95%CI: 1.239-1.910), insomnia (OR=2.442; 95%CI: 1.185-5.032), alcohol intake, due to better sleep (OR=4.120; 95%CI: 1.044-16.258), effects of drinking, arousal during the night (OR=2.586; 95%CI: 1.317-5.077), effects of drinking, from family (OR=26.938; 95%CI: 3.368-215.431). Among the elderly people in colder regions of Russia, high alcohol consumption reduces sleep quality, suggesting the need for appropriate standards for pure alcohol and health education.

EXAMINING SOCIAL CLASS DIFFERENCES IN ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND HOUSEHOLD CONFLICTS: A QUANTITATIVE APPROACH ON CHRISTIAN CONSUMERS IN BURKINA FASO

The present research purposes are to explore the relationships of social class and alcohol consumption, and the relationships of alcohol consumption and household conflicts in Ouagadougou. A quantitative research design is used to collect data from both primary and secondary sources for analysis using sphinx IQ software. Some self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. The quantitative results demonstrate that social class is a moderator of alcohol consumption and conflicts. The recommendation is that very poor, poor and middle-class consumers should strongly moderate their alcohol consumption, because they are those who are more affected by the negative effects of alcohol intake.Keywords: Social Class, Alcohol Consumption, Household Conflicts, Ouagadougou.

Interaction between Alcohol Consumption and Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) Genotype with Cognition in Middle-Aged Men.

Heavy alcohol consumption is associated with poorer cognitive function in older adults. Although understudied in middle-aged adults, the relationship between alcohol and cognition may also be influenced by genetics such as the apolipoprotein (ApoE) ε4 allele, a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. We examined the relationship between alcohol consumption, ApoE genotype, and cognition in middle-aged adults and hypothesized that light and/or moderate drinkers (≤2 drinks per day) would show better cognitive performance than heavy drinkers or non-drinkers. Additionally, we hypothesized that the association between alcohol use and cognitive function would differ by ApoE genotype (ε4+ vs. ε4-). Participants were 1266 men from the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging (VETSA; M age = 56; range 51-60) who completed a neuropsychological battery assessing seven cognitive abilities: general cognitive ability (GCA), episodic memory, processing speed, executive function, abstract reasoning, verbal fluency, and visuospatial ability. Alcohol consumption was categorized into five groups: never, former, light, moderate, and heavy. In fully adjusted models, there was no significant main effect of alcohol consumption on cognitive functions. However, there was a significant interaction between alcohol consumption and ApoE ε4 status for GCA and episodic memory, such that the relationship of alcohol consumption and cognition was stronger in ε4 carriers. The ε4+ heavy drinking subgroup had the poorest GCA and episodic memory. Presence of the ε4 allele may increase vulnerability to the deleterious effects of heavy alcohol consumption. Beneficial effects of light or moderate alcohol consumption were not observed.

P6234The relationship of alcohol consumption with risk factors of coronary heart disease and the intake of macro- and micro-nutrients in Japanese: the INTERLIPID study

Abstract Background Many studies have reported the J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk; therefore, light-drinkers is generally recognized to be associated with the lower risk of CHD. However, the mechanisms of lower risk for CHD in light-drinkers are still unclear. Alcohol drinking status is likely to be associated with not only CHD risk factors but also dietary intake. Nevertheless, few studies report these relationships in detail. Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationships of alcohol drinking status with CHD classical risk factors and the intake of macro- and micro- nutrients in Japanese. Methods Study participants were 1,090 Japanese men and women aged 40–59 years from The INTERLIPID study excepted for 55 individuals who had missing data (n=26) and were past-drinkers (n=29). Alcohol consumption was assessed with two 7-day alcohol records, and average ethanol intake (per week) was calculated. Participants were classified into following 4 groups: non-drinkers (0g/week), light-drinkers (&lt;100 g/week), moderate-drinkers (100–299 g/week), and heavy-drinkers (≥300 g/week). Serum LDL and HDL cholesterol, blood pressure (BP), the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia, and smoking status were assessed as CHD risk factors. The intake of energy and macro- and micro-nutrients were evaluated from the four-timed in-depth 24-hr dietary recalls. Nutrient intake densities were calculated per total energy intake without alcohol. The analysis of variance and chi-squared test were used to evaluate the relations of alcohol status with CHD risk factors and nutrient intake. Results Serum HDL cholesterol levels increased and LDL cholesterol levels decreased with increasing alcohol consumption. Systolic and diastolic BP increased with increasing alcohol consumption. J-shaped relationships with alcohol consumption were observed for the proportion of current smoker, number of cigarettes, and the prevalence of hypertension; that is, light-drinkers was lowest among all groups. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was the highest in non-drinkers, and decreased with increasing alcohol consumption. In heavy-drinkers, total energy (kcal/day) was the highest, but energy intake without alcohol (kcal/day) was the lowest. For macronutrients, the intake of carbohydrate (%kcal) decreased, and the intakes of total and animal protein (%kcal) increased with increasing alcohol consumption. The intakes of total cholesterol (mg/1000kcal) and sodium (mg/1000kcal) increased, and total fiber (g/1000kcal) decreased with increasing alcohol consumption. These associations were similar in men and women. Conclusions Alcohol consumption was related with not only CHD classical risk factors but also the intake of macro- and micro-nutrients. Non-drinkers had a higher proportion of some CHD risk factors than light-drinkers. These results might influence on J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and CHD risk. Acknowledgement/Funding 1: Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan, 2: National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

Forensic medical examination of alcohol-attributable mortality in Saint Petersburg

This article presents an analytical material on the relationship of alcohol consumption and mortality in St. Petersburg for the period 2015-2017 years, which is based on the data of the city Bureau of forensic medical examination. The analysis of deaths found that the problem of abuse of alcoholic beverages (including ethanol containing) remains relevant, as indicated by the high (up to 30%) frequency of detection of acute ethanol poisoning in forensic examination of corpses. We found that ethanol poisoning in the structure of poisoning occupy the second place, while drug poisoning (opiates, cannabioids, cocaine) confidently and by a large margin occupy the first place. However, more than 75% of those who died from acute drug poisoning had alcohol in their blood. In cases where the death was violent, alcohol was found in the blood of more than 60% of the victims. High rates of alcohol intoxication were found in cases of death from low temperatures and mechanical asphyxia (hanging). About 25% of the victims of road accidents (pedestrians, drivers, passengers) were intoxicated. Our study showed no dynamics of reducing the frequency of alcohol intoxication and in cases where death occurs from diseases. When comparing certain types of non-violent death, it was found that most often the state of alcoholic intoxication accompanied (was the background) in cases of death from diseases of the digestive system: hemorrhagic pancreatitis, cirrhosis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, varicose veins of the esophagus (in 24-53% of cases), somewhat less – in diseases of the cardiovascular system (in 25-29% of cases).

DRUG CONSUMPTION, KNOWLEDGE ON THE CONSEQUENCES OF CONSUMPTION AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS IN SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR

ABSTRACT Objective: determine the relationship among drug consumption, knowledge on the consequences of consumption and academic performance, for alcohol cocaine and marijuana, among undergraduate students of social sciences and health of San Salvador, El Salvador. Method: the used method was a cross-sectional survey, with a convenience sample of 250 university students. A modified version of the combination of two instruments was applied evaluating the variables for the knowledge on the consequences, pursuing the knowledge of a student about the adverse effects of the biological, psychological and social categories related to consumption of the drugs under study. Drug consumption was evaluated by consulting the student whether or not they used drugs at any time or in the last 3 months. Academic performance was evaluated by consulting students on the average in which they are applied on a scale of 1 to 10. Results: the results showed that 88.1% of the survey participants have a broad knowledge on the consequences of consuming alcoholic beverages; 45.5% on the consequences of marijuana use and 55.7% know the consequences of cocaine consumption. While 28.4% have consumed alcohol in the last year, 6.5% have consumed marijuana and 1.7% cocaine. The relationship of alcohol consumption with the knowledge on each of the consequences reflected a very low influence, while the larger is the knowledge obtained from these consequences caused by the use of the drugs under study, the lower is the consumption. Conclusion: the use of alcohol, cocaine and marijuana is not related to academic performance, indicating very low positive and negative correlations according to each case.

Assessment of Alcohol Consumption as A Potential Risk Factor on Periodontal Attachment Loss: A Longitudinal Study

In this modern society of ours alcohol has become a tradition and this relationship is deeply rooted. Apart from other health risk issues, its use has also emerged as a possible risk factor for periodontitis in reported recent reviews. Numerous prospective studies are already reported in literature but lack of such longitudinal studies to review the association of alcohol consumption on periodontal health status of the patients are rare. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of alcohol consumption as a potential risk factor on periodontal attachment loss. It is a population-based cohort study conducted for a period of 4 years. A total of 1385 individuals were included in the study and only 730 individuals were left for the follow up after 4 years. Alcohol consumption and clinical examination for clinical attachment loss was recorded for each patient. Majority of subjects belonging to age group 35-44yrs, 45-54 yrs and 55-64 yrs showed high frequency intake of alcohol. Overall when measured, alcohol consumption and CAL progression was found to be significantly higher in males as compared to females. The subjects who were high and chronic drinkers, had 40% higher risk for CAL progression than non-drinkers. We concluded a positive linear relationship of alcohol consumption and periodontal attachment loss with more pronounced effect on males as compared to females. Thus alcohol proves to be a potential risk factor in progression of periodontitis in both high and chronic alcohol dosage.

Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower chronic disease burden expressed in disability-adjusted life years: a prospective cohort study

The relation of alcohol consumption with disease burden remains debated partly due to opposite associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. The relation of alcohol consumption with disease burden expressed in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) summarizes opposing associations of alcohol consumption on chronic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association of alcohol consumption with chronic disease burden expressed in DALYs based on individual-participant data. The study was a prospective study among 33,066 men and women from the EPIC-NL cohort. At baseline, alcohol consumption was assessed with a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Participants were followed for occurrence of and mortality from chronic diseases and DALYs were calculated. After 12.4 years follow-up, 6647 disease incidences and 1482 deaths were documented, resulting in 68,225 healthy years of life lost (6225 DALYs). Moderate drinkers (women 5–14.9 g/day, men 5–29.9 g/day) had a lower chronic disease burden (mean DALYs −0.27; 95% CI −0.43; −0.11) than light drinkers (0–4.9 g/day), driven by a lower disease burden due to CVD (−0.18: −0.29; −0.06) but not cancer (−0.05: −0.16; 0.06). The associations were most pronounced among older participants (≥50 years; −0.32; −0.53; −0.10) and not observed among younger women (−0.08; −0.43; 0.35), albeit non-significant (pinteraction > 0.14). Substantial drinking (women 15–29.9 g/day, men 30–59.9 g/day) compared to light drinking was not associated with chronic disease burden. Our results show that moderate compared to light alcohol consumption was associated with living approximately 3 months longer in good health. These results were mainly observed among older participants and not seen among younger women.

The relationship of alcohol consumption with left ventricular mass in people 35 years old or older in rural areas of Western China

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between alcohol intake and left ventricular mass (LVM) independent of the effects of blood pressure and other factors in rural areas of Western China. The present study included 1007 subjects (487 men and 520 women) aged ≥35 years from the Tongan district, Chongqing, China. The quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption were estimated from a validated questionnaire. Echocardiography was used to assess left ventricular dimensions. Drinkers was associated with higher LVM compared with nondrinkers (β = 6.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.3–12.5, P = .015). A dose-dependent higher LVM across increasing alcohol consumption was observed (P < .05). LVM was significantly correlated with regular drinking (β = 10.0, 95% confidence interval: 3.6–16.4). In subjects with hypertension, quantity of alcohol consumption (P for interaction = .013) and frequency of alcohol consumption (P for interaction = .025) were strongly associated with higher LVM when stratified by blood pressure. However, interactions linked to age, body mass index, and gender were found to be no significant difference. These results indicate that both quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption are independent predictors of LVM in rural areas of Western China. The effects of alcohol consumption on LVM are enhanced among subjects with hypertension.

Relationships of alcohol consumption and nutritional knowledge on body weight and composition in a group of Italian students

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a global problem to which alcohol could contribute, and adolescent anthropometric measures have a predictive role for overweight in adults. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relations among nutritional knowledge, drinking habits and anthropometric measures in a cohort of local young people. METHODS: Two questionnaires on alcohol consumption and on nutritional knowledge were submitted to 110 healthy subjects and their anthropometric data were taken. RESULTS: Nutritional knowledge did not affect anthropometric data in females, while an inverse relationship between nutritional knowledge and WHR was observed in males. In females a quadratic relation between BF and HC and alcohol consumption was reported. In addition the amount of alcohol showed a linear correlation with HC. In males no relations among antropometric measures and alcohol consumption were found. Students with the highest nutritional competences consumed more alcohol than the others. In our cohort 14,29% of males and 5,56% of females were at risk of alcohol addiction, while binge-drinking was found in 17,86% of males and 0% of females. Better nutritional knowledges are not enough to counteract the social aspects of drinking, and alternative

The Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and other Risk Factors Assessed Using An Ongoing Population-based Surveillance System.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of alcohol consumption (reported in four different ways) with other specific disease-related risk factors (that is, smoking, high body mass index, low physical activity and insufficient fruit and vegetables). Data were collected from 2003 to 2015 in South Australia using an on-going monthly chronic disease and risk factor telephone survey of randomly selected persons (18+ years). The proportion of alcohol drinkers and, for those who drank alcohol, the proportion drinking more than one day per week, the proportion drinking on six or more days per week, and the mean alcohol drinks per day were assessed. Logistic regression and linear regression modelling were used on age and sex adjusted data. In total, over 71,000 respondents aged 18 years and older were interviewed (48.8% male). Overall prevalence of alcohol consumption was 81.3%. Trends in the direction promoted by current policies and preventative authorities were apparent with appropriate changes for all four measures for overall and for those underweight, undertaking sufficient activity, consuming <2 serves of fruit per day, consuming <5 serves of vegetables per day and with 3+ total risk factors. This research has provided evidence on the trends in alcohol consumption in relation to a range of other specific modifiable disease-related risk factors. The trends analysis has shown different patterns for each risk factor, and highlights the interplay between the respective modifiable or preventive risk factors.