Relationship Building Process Research Articles

You want my loyalty? Treat me fairly! A study of Islamic banking customers in South Africa

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate possible drivers of loyalty amongst Islamic banking customers in Gauteng, South Africa. We ponder the relationships of service fairness (a secondorder reflective construct) with perceived value, satisfaction, and loyalty. Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained from Islamic banking customers in South Africa using interview-administered questionnaires. A total of 350 responses were perceived as being suitable for data analysis. The measurement and structural models were measured through structural equation modelling. Findings Service fairness and perceived value were found to be important drivers of loyalty within this context. Research limitations/implications This study demonstrates that service fairness and perceived value are precursors to the future loyalty intentions of Islamic banking customers. As such, they should be nurtured as key elements of the relationship building process. Practical implications The study guides South African Islamic banks and South African banks with Islamic windows to better understand how service fairness (interactional, procedural and distributive) fosters satisfaction, perceived value and loyalty (attitudinal and behavioural). Originality/value Enhancing comprehension of the relationship between service fairness and customer loyalty, with satisfaction and perceived value playing intermediary roles, represents an unexplored avenue in academic research within the context of Islamic banking in an emerging African market.

코헛의 자기심리학을 적용한 중년여성의 모래상자치료 사례

This study is a case study of a middle-aged woman's sandbox therapy using Kohut's self psychology. This study was conducted from December 17, 2013 to December 31, 2021, for a total of 47 sessions, about 8 years. This study aimed to analyze the life journey of a middle-aged woman in her early 50s to understand self, selfobject, and narcissistic needs, and to explore self-awareness, self-regulation, interpersonal relationships, and personal growth. To verify the effectiveness of the sandbox therapy, we took photos and records of each session, and analyzed the changes in the entire session by dividing them into psychological stages. The psychological change process was found to be relationship building, transformative internalization through optimal frustration experience, and cohesive self-construction. The relationship building process was represented by 'my happy home' in episode 1, 'family party' in episode 16, and 'grandma I want to be with' in episode 30; the transformational internalization process was represented by 'exciting amusement park' in episode 2, 'real me' in episode 4, and 'three trips' in episode 35; and the cohesive self-construction was represented by 'child playing in the ditch' in episode 3, 'changed me' in episode 24, and 'opera' in episode 46. Through the empathic relationship with the counselor, the participants projected and expressed their narcissistic needs in the sandbox without defending them, and gradually internalized them through the optimal frustration experience, and came to understand and accept themselves by confronting their frustrated narcissistic needs by viewing them objectively through the sandbox they created as a result of their frustrated needs, self-object creation, and childhood regression. From cohesive self-construction to self-reinforcement, self-recovery, and self-love expression, the participant experienced healthy self-objectification in the sandbox, gradually strengthening the self and changing self-regulation. The significance of the study is that through this process, the subjects were able to increase self-awareness, improve self-regulation, improve interpersonal relationships, understand and balance their own growth, recover and integrate into a healthy self in their late and mid-life journey, and experience a second maturity.

A longitudinal study of breastfeeding relationships at home during the COVID-19 pandemic: A grounded theory method.

To describe the process of breastfeeding relationships among stay-at-home mother and infant dyads at 1, 3, 5 and 6 months. A longitudinal qualitative online survey design was used. Data were obtained at 1, 3, 5 and 6 months from 26 breastfeeding mothers who stayed home with their infants and directly breastfed at least once a day for the first 6 months between June 2022 and August 2023. Mothers' written responses to 3 open-ended questions were analysed to assess breastfeeding experiences at home, thoughts/comments while directly breastfeeding and breastfeeding concerns/problems and strategies they used. Based on grounded theory, inductive content analysis was used to analyse the data. Trustworthiness of results was established by coding to consensus, formal peer debriefing and maintaining an audit trail. 'Breastfeeding Relationships at Home,' the core construct, was identified and organized the process of breastfeeding relationships into 5 domains: (1) mothers' emotional well-being while breastfeeding, (2) infant-led feeding, (3) alternatives to breastfeeding, (4) evaluation of breastfeeding and (5) changes in breastfeeding as infants grow older. Breastfeeding is not simply about feeding breast milk but also involves nurturing and developing a relationship between mother and infant. Across the domains, mutual responsiveness, a central element of the breastfeeding relationship was clear. Mothers who were committed to breastfeeding with embedded infant suckling reached emotional well-being in return for their engagement which has potential to reduce maternal stress and prevent postpartum depression. Findings from the current study add to nurses' knowledge about the relationship building process between stay-at-home mothers and their infants in the first 6 months of breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurses must remain sensitive to aid the development of breastfeeding relationships in the home environment to maximize mutual responsiveness. No patients or public involved.

Evaluating the millennial mothers’ relationship building process with baby care brands across two emerging economies

PurposeThis study aims to explore the motivators of mothers’ experience on their engagement behavior in the case of baby care toiletries. Additionally, the role of Brand trust and commitment have also been evaluated.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model was empirically tested based on the data collected through a survey using 320 samples from India and 431 samples from Sri Lanka. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsSensory and behavioral dimensions of brand experience can be considered as key drivers of brand trust and brand commitment among millennial mothers in the context of baby care toiletries. It was observed that brand trust had a significant positive impact on brand commitment. There was a significant relationship between brand trust, brand commitment and customer engagement. It was also inferred that brand loyalty is the consequence of customer engagement.Practical implicationsMarketers should gear up initiatives targeting new mothers through healthy aspects and genuine packaging to strengthen the mother’s trust through periodic uses of the product.Originality/valueThe present study is one of the unique empirical investigations that examine the antecedents of consumer engagement in the less researched context of high inherent risk products like baby toiletries.

What makes viewers loyal toward streamers? A relationship building perspective and the gender difference

PurposeCultivating loyal customers is a pressing concern for streamers. The present study investigates how to build interpersonal relationships with streamers and whether different interpersonal relationship factors lead to repurchase intention and WOM intention in live streaming commerce. The moderating effect of gender is also examined.Design/methodology/approachA self-administered questionnaire was completed by 429 live streaming commerce users in mainland China. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicate that all four streamer attributes (expertise, authenticity, attractiveness, and homophily) have a positive influence on swift guanxi, and swift guanxi is effective in predicting both calculative commitment and affective commitment. In addition, all interpersonal relationship factors (swift guanxi, calculative commitment, and affective commitment) significantly affect repurchase intentions, with only affective commitment being linked to WOM intention. Also, the moderating role of gender was confirmed in expertise – swift guanxi, attractiveness – swift guanxi, cognitive commitment – repurchase intention and affective commitment – repurchase intention linkages.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the live streaming commerce literature by integrating swift guanxi, calculative commitment, and affective commitment to understand the repurchase intention and WOM intention from the relationship-building process perspective. In addition, this paper enriches the source credibility and source attractiveness models by identifying gender boundaries on the effectiveness of these models in predicting swift guanxi.

Toward Culturally Responsive Qualitative Research Methods in the Design of Health Technologies: Learnings in Applying an Indigenous Māori-Centred Approach

There is a growing call for health researchers to address the inequities in healthcare experienced by indigenous populations by focusing on the development of culturally responsive research approaches. This article presents a contextual example from Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) of how indigenous (Māori) knowledge and practices helped reimagine and enhance an existing qualitative descriptive research protocol exploring clinicians’ perspectives of robotic rehabilitation for people with stroke. The intent was to develop a research design that upheld and valued mātauranga Māori (indigenous knowledge systems) alongside Western clinical sciences knowledge. To achieve this, a collaboration of non-indigenous (tauiwi) and indigenous researchers with experience in Qualitative and Kaupapa Māori (indigenous) methodologies, and clinical practice was formed. The researchers undertook a cyclical process of relationship building, engagement with mātauranga Māori, discussion and exploration of how indigenous knowledge and practices could inform and shape the existing study design. Key influences in adapting the research design were drawn from Māori ethical principles, Māori frameworks of health and wellbeing, and Māori cultural practices for clinical engagement. Drawing on indigenous knowledge and practices to develop a Māori-centred research method resulted in significant changes to the study design, methods, and interview approach. Focused development of a culturally responsive approach enabled the researchers to engage indigenous participants in a research process that was safe, respectful, and culturally appropriate. Transformation occurred within the researcher-participant relationship from one often characterised as transactional, to one of deeper connection and reciprocity, which facilitated a richer and more in-depth inquiry. The explicit valuing and integration of indigenous knowledge and practices in adapting the research method strengthened the cultural responsivity of the research. Central to the process was prioritising working in relational partnership. Non-indigenous researchers’ self-reflection on their own culture, alongside being attuned to the influence of historical, political, and social contexts of the participants experiences proved essential.

Resistance, Performativity, and Fragmentation: The Relational Arena of EDI/D in Canadian Higher Education

Equity, diversity, inclusion, and decolonizing (EDI/D) have gained discursive centrality in Canadian higher education (HE) yet are criticized as performative. Donald’s work on “ethical relationality” understands colonialism as a denial of relations. Drawing on this work I analyze EDI/D in HE through a lens of relationship building. The study maps three institutional layers of EDI/D. The external layer is centred on confronting overt critique, with discourses about EDI/D as threatening academic freedom becoming more prevalent. The second layer focuses on the “mainstream” adoption of EDI/D. EDI/D became central in terminology, but HE culture is more resistant to change. The inner layer includes those engaged with EDI/D. It is grounded in collaboration, but also in containment and fragmentation of EDI/D initiatives. These layers reveal institutional gaslighting tactics that derail meaningful engagement with EDI/D. For EDI/D to be transformative, HE institutions must ground EDI/D in the difficult process of relationship building.

Smooth Intergenerational Relationship Building Among Filipino Teachers: A Grounded Theory

The intergenerational diversity of teachers in the school community offers rich resources for professional learning and development. Nonetheless, intergenerational (IG) relationship is essential for teachers to access these social resources. Hence, through a systematic grounded theory design, this study looked into the IG relationship building process among teachers in the Philippine multigenerational basic education schools, based on a contextualized understanding of the teachers’ intergenerational diversity in terms of their age, period, cohort, and professional experiences. Smooth IG Relationship Building Theory eventually emerged from the grounded data that were gathered from 20 multigenerational Filipino teachers. This grounded theory offers five theoretical propositions: (1) Multigenerational teacher community offers a wide range of resources for professional and personal development of teachers, and access to these resources is unlocked by smooth IG relationships; (2) Smooth IG relationships are hindered by generational gaps, seniority, and isolating structures and programs of the schools; (3) IG values are important to ensure that smooth IG relations do not have underlying tensions beyond the surface interactions; (4) The quality of opportunities and strategies influence the nature of relationships that could develop among colleagues; and (5) Development of smooth IG relationships among colleagues is influenced by the school culture, Filipino social relations, gender differences and IG diversity.

"Is Anything HappeningThere? And if so,What?" Video-Diagnostic Assessment of Parental Interaction Qualities in a Preschool Psychiatric Sample

Standardized video diagnostic instruments, such as the Play-PAB used in this study, are suitable for an objective and multidimensional assessment of early parent-child interactions. Furthermore, the present results support the assumption that early parent-child interaction is a multivariate construct.The correlation analyses show that various influencing factors, such as parental stress, are related to specific parental interaction qualities, such as intrusiveness, and as a consequence, affect the relationship building process with the child.Therefore, video diagnosticmethods are suitable for both objective therapy evaluation and individualizing therapy in preschool psychiatric settings.

Relationship Building Process and Evaluation between Organizers and Collaborators in Cultural Property Utilization Events

本研究では、文化財活用イベントにおける主催者と協力者の関係構築過程における評価点と課題点、工夫点を明らかにするためにアンケート調査を実施した。今後の文化財活用イベントにおいて相互補助、団体への呼びかけ、詳細情報の伝達、コンテンツの幅を増やすといった4つの必要な要素が明らかになった。

Faith-based communities’ preferred interventions to improve the participation of black/African-American persons in medical research and clinical trials: A focus group study.

e18648 Background: A variety of interventions within faith-based and medically underserved communities have been utilized to increase racial/ethnic minorities’ participation in health programming and clinical trials. However, the literature lacks studies on which interventions are preferred by church members and leaders to address disparities in clinical trials. Methods: The study utilized focus groups to understand participants’ knowledge and attitudes about medical research/clinical trials and to develop and appraise interventions for and in collaboration with members and leaders of predominately Black/African American faith-based organizations. Participants were recruited by convenience and snowball sampling from organizations involved in the Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center Community Outreach program’s faith based model called, Stopping Cancer In Its Tracks (SCIIT). Study personnel conducted 6 focus groups at 6 different churches from June through August 2022. Results: 30 participants joined the study. Conversations lasted 90-120 minutes and covered a range of topics. Each group included deep, cathartic sharing about disparities in accessing medical/cancer care and racism, particularly within medicine. Participants explained that low enrollment among Black/African-Americans in clinical trials is a result of everyday and structural racism. Also disparities are linked to the compounded, long-term lack of beneficence or human rights within research and health care for their communities. Accordingly, diversity in clinical trials may improve by creating interventions that address distrust, communication, and information and access gaps, and are tailored to each church. Preferred interventions should: 1) Embody a deep, long-term, relationship-building process. 2) Focus on creating trust by sharing in church services/activities/meals/two-way conversations/cancer screenings. 3) Leverage testimonials from cancer survivors who have participated in clinical trials. The focus groups themselves were felt by participants to be an example of the trust building and knowledge sharing necessary to address disparities. Participants expressed interest to develop interventions in partnership with the study personnel of health care workers. Conclusions: The study fills a gap in the literature by analyzing and amplifying the ideas of Black/African-American church members and leaders from medically underserved communities who generally have been excluded from research. Participants preferred interventions that feature long-term relationship building and engagement. Future research should implement and test the effectiveness of these interventions.

The Impact of Music Therapists’ Perspectives on Quality of Life in Building Relationships with Older Adults with Chronic Illness

Older adults with chronic illnesses have diminished qualities of life (QoL) due to physical and mental decline. To promote their QoL, music therapists create meaningful shared music experiences and positive therapeutic relationships to address their psychosocial needs. However, within this relationship-building process, healthcare professionals, staff, and even caregivers appear to project their own perceptions and expectations of what positive QoL of older adults should be. This misapprehension may challenge therapists to meet older adults' actual QoL needs adequately. To date, no studies have explored music therapists' perspectives on QoL in building relationships with older adults experiencing chronic illness. Eleven music therapists participated in online, semi-structured phenomenological interviews that were thematically analyzed. Three themes emerged: participants gained an increased awareness of unconscious biases, a deepened understanding of older adults' QoL, and a purposeful alignment with older adults' QoL. These highlighted the significance of therapists' consistent self-reflection within the relationship-building process. Identifying their shared commonalities with older adults guided therapists to engage with clients more salutogenically and empathically. Additionally, recognizing their own biases being projected onto older adults empowered therapists to be more intentional to reconcile their perceptual discrepancies while prioritizing older adults' authentic voices and capable selves.

Language in Crisis Negotiations: The Rizal Park Hostage-Taking Incident

This paper is aimed at examining the Rizal Park hostage-taking incident from the lens of forensic linguistics that looks into crime management. The incident happened on August 23, 2010 in Manila, Philippines when a tourist bus loaded with 20 Hong Kong nationals was hijacked by a disgruntled former officer of the Philippine National Police by the name of Rolando Mendoza. Employing the DIAMOND model of Grubb et al. (2020), FBI’s Behavioral Change Stairway Model (BCSM), and Hammer’s (2007) S.A.F.E. model, the study analyzed the stages in the negotiation process employed by the negotiators, the relationship-building process and the communicative dynamics of the hostage-taking incident. Findings revealed that the stages of negotiation in the DIAMOND model were not all carried out. Following the BCSM model, the negotiators were not able to build empathy with the hostage-taker. Communicative dynamics as reflected in the S.A.F.E. model was not likewise successful as pertinent information was not transmitted with maximum effectiveness. The poor handling of the incident and the failure of the negotiation led to the eventual death of innocent people, including the hostage-taker himself and the issuance by the Hong Kong government of a ‘black’ travel alert for the Philippines. It is hoped that with this study, a more effective and efficient way of managing crime incidents in the country can be carried out to avoid further disasters. Keywords: language in crisis negotiation; hostage-taking; Manila hostage crisis; Rizal Park; crime management

Remote Management of Osteoporosis.

Purpose of ReviewOsteoporosis management has evolved significantly over the past decade, with telehealth emerging as an effective tool to manage bone health in a growing patient population. This review explores the advantages and disadvantages of telehealth use for osteoporosis management while highlighting recent studies of clinical importance.Recent FindingsA wide variety of telehealth approaches are used today, from phone or video telemedicine appointments with physicians and advanced practice providers, to electronic systems for triage and consultation with osteoporosis specialists. Contemporary studies show that telehealth can facilitate health care access to underserved communities and enhance physician–patient communication, as well as provide patient education. However, barriers such as inexperience or lack of access to technology, suboptimal patient-clinician relationship building process, and difficulties with follow-up have limited the use of telehealth to certain situations.SummaryTelehealth has proven to be an effective resource for managing and treating osteoporosis patients. As its use continues to grow, important limitations must be accounted for to avoid lapses in care. Further research should keep these factors in mind as the use of this technology progresses.

Impact of firms’ Greenwashing practices on customer green trust and green brand attachment: Pakistan`s home appliances consumers’ perspective

The usage of green products has increased dramatically in the recent decade. The compelling reason behind this behavioral change is the consumer understanding of climate change and its negative impact on the planet. However, firms’ engagement in greenwashing is causing a detrimental impact on this green cause, and it is leading customers to disbelieve the environmental claims of the firms. This study investigates the impact of firms’ greenwashing practices on consumer green trust and green brand attachment. Moreover, it examines the intermediation factors of green perceived risk, green perceived value, green confusion, and green brand image. This study follows a quantitative research design and deductive approach. Data was collected from the home appliances consumers through an online and in-person survey questionnaire. Respondents were contacted by using the non-probability sampling technique and a sample of 330 valid responses was used to analyze the data. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to test the reliability of the variables and Structural Equation Modeling to test the nine hypotheses that were proposed in this study. The findings suggest that Greenwashing negatively affects Green Perceived Value (GPV) and GPV positively affects Green Trust (GT). GT showed a positive impact on Green Brand Attachment (GBA). Hence, it is proved that greenwashing may reduce the trust and Brand Attachment of the consumers with the green product. Greenwashing has a positive impact on Green Confusion and a negative impact on Green Brand Image. These findings augment the existing knowledge on the relationship between greenwashing and green brand attachment. It is suggested that if organizations want to increase consumers` green trust and green brand attachment, they must refrain from greenwashing. Green brand trust is a significant driver of the relationship-building process and organizations should strive to build it by furnishing real green values to the consumers, thus it will result in increasing the market share of the companies.

Abstract 3684: Using key informants to guide community outreach for cancer topics and areas of focus for Filipino communities

Abstract Since 2003, the University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center (UHCC) and the University of Guam (UoG) have worked in partnership to explore health disparities/inequalities for different Pacific Island Populations (PIP). Investigators explore health behaviors and sources of health disparities and equity among Micronesian and Filipino community members in Hawai‘i, Guam, and the neighboring U.S. Associated Pacific Islands (USAPI) through the Pacific Island Partnership for Cancer Health Equity (PIPCHE). The Community Outreach Core of the partnership works towards objectives that include assisting and promoting PIPCHE research, ensuring inclusion PIP and Filipino community perspectives in research, and building healthcare providers’ competencies. This work aims to directly address the disproportionately high rates of cancer incidence and mortality found amongst these groups in Hawai‘i and Guam. Currently, few cancer control initiatives are designed to specifically address Micronesians and Filipinos, which comprise 40% of Hawai‘i’s population and 70% of Guam’s population. Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death for men and the third leading cause of death for Filipinos in Hawai‘i. Also, Micronesians and Filipinos are highly underrepresented among cancer researchers and cancer health care professionals; culturally-grounded approaches to achieve parity in cancer control are sorely needed which remains a focus of the COC. To address the needs of the Filipino community in Hawai‘i, we conducted five semi-structured interviews with Filipino community members to facilitate community engagement, build relationships, and direct future areas for cancer control. Another goal was to establish a relationship-building process to recruit members for the COC Outreach Advisory Council to guide future community efforts. Participants ranged in age; however, all five identified as female were born in various parts of the Philippines, and migrated to Hawai'i at different ages. Some findings from the interviews included the need for culturally tailored and translated cancer materials and resources, a charge to focus on colorectal and breast cancer initiatives, and provide translated health communications utilizing local radio and faith-based organizations. These members were then asked to serve on our Outreach Advisory Council for a period of 5 years to help shape the COC’s efforts towards community engagement with the Filipino community. These planned community-focused efforts should be modeled to ensure shared community-based decision-making for this minority population. Citation Format: Mark Lee Willingham, Kevin Cassel, Angela Sy, Munirih R. Ta'afaki, Reyna Bodnar, Lilnabeth P. Somera, Tressa P. Diaz, Angelina G. Mummert, Harmony C. Palaganas. Using key informants to guide community outreach for cancer topics and areas of focus for Filipino communities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3684.

Interprofessional Collaborative Relationship-Building Model in Action in Primary Care: A Secondary Analysis.

IntroductionTeam-based care has been integrated into primary care (PC) across Canada because it improves patient safety, effectiveness, efficiency, person-centredness, and equity. However, this integration in and of itself may not lead to improved patient care without effective interpersonal relationships amongst team members. Currently, teams have few tools to guide the development of collaborative relationships. The Interprofessional Collaborative Relationship-building Model (ICRB) was developed to be a tool for understanding the stages of development of the interprofessional team's relationship-building.PurposeThis qualitative secondary data analysis illuminates a PC team's experiences of their developing interprofessional relationships with occupational therapists and physical therapists who joined the PC team.MethodEleven team member interviews of one primary care team from a family medicine teaching clinic affiliated with a training university and the health region in central Canada were analyzed using secondary data analysis. The team included family physicians (n = 4), nurses (n = 2), a social worker (n = 1), a mental health counselor (n = 1), occupational therapists (n = 2), and a physical therapist (n = 1). We used the ICRB for directed content analysis using the phased approach that includes the three main steps of data preparation, data organization and data presentation.ResultsThis team experienced the ICRB stages of Looking For Help, Fitting-In, and Growing Reciprocity thereby learning about one another to better understand what OT and PT may bring to the PC setting. However, contrary to the ICRB, co-location, was the context within which the collaborative relationship-building took place rather than a distinct developmental stage. Although team members did experience some level of Growing Reciprocity, this developing team had not yet established collaborative leadership processes. As the ICRB originally posited, communication and patient focus facilitated all stages of the relationship-building process and helped the team develop shared values and role clarity that establish how different team members contribute to improving quality care.ConclusionsThe context of co-location with a patient focus and open communication facilitated the team's development with the occupational therapists and physical therapist. Collaborative leadership is a worthy goal for future research and clinical focus as it has implications for improving overall patient quality care and team member work satisfaction.

Internationalisation through research collaboration

ABSTRACT Universities engage in international collaboration for a number of reasons. In the global North, which is characterised by wealth and power, universities increasingly use international collaboration for competitiveness and marketisation. In contrast, the global South engages in collaboration to strengthen research and build knowledge capacity. Prior studies argue that trust, mutual benefits, and achieving shared understandings and ways of working are important for sustainable collaboration. However, the studies generally examine what makes a “good” collaboration well after collaboration has been initiated. The contribution of this study is therefore to exemplify the relationship-building process between academics from an Ethiopian and Swedish university. The study is based in “co-operative inquiry” and uses data collected in April 2019 from questions composed by each set of academics, which were deliberated during their initial meeting. Their experiences of enablement and constraint in research collaboration and their motivations for pursuing a new collaboration are in focus.

Citizen science in monitoring food environments: a qualitative collective case study of stakeholders\u2019 experiences during the Local Environment Action on Food project in Alberta, Canada

BackgroundCitizen science bears potential to build a comprehensive view of global food environments and create a broader discussion about how to improve them. Despite its potential, citizen science has not been fully utilised in food environment research. Thus, we sought to explore stakeholders’ experiences of the Local Environment Action on Food (LEAF) project, a community-based intervention that employs a citizen science approach to monitoring food environments.MethodsWe used a qualitative collective case study design to explore citizen science through the LEAF process in seven communities in Alberta, Canada. Data generating strategies included semi-structured interviews with citizen scientists (n = 26), document review of communities’ Mini Nutrition Report Cards (n = 7), and researcher observation. Data were analyzed in a multi-phase process, using Charmaz’s constant comparison analysis strategy.ResultsAnalysis revealed two main themes: relationship building and process factors. Communities used three interconnected strategies, engaging the right people, treading lightly, and reaching a consensus, to navigate the vital but challenging relationship building process. Process factors, which were influences on the LEAF process and relationship building, included the local context, flexibility in the LEAF process, and turnover among LEAF community groups.ConclusionCitizen science through the LEAF project supported the creation and application of food environment evidence: it enabled residents to collect and interpret local food environment data, develop realistic recommendations for change, and provided them with an evidence-based advocacy tool to support the implementation of these recommendations. We recommend a web application that enables independent community food environment assessments. Such a tool could stimulate and sustain citizen involvement in food environment efforts, helping to build the necessary evidence base and promote the creation of healthy food environments.

Validating the Sequential Logic of Quality Constructs in Seller-customer Business Relationships – Antecedents, Mediator and Outcomes

Validating the Sequential Logic of Quality Constructs in Seller-customer Business Relationships – Antecedents, Mediator and Outcomes