Relative Resilience Research Articles

Reimagining maternal resilience: Incorporating the socioecological framework, lifecourse theory, and weathering hypothesis.

Women of color are at least twice as likely as non-Hispanic White women to die during the perinatal period or deliver infants who are low birthweight, preterm, or die within the first year of life. Maternal stress before and during pregnancy is associated with adverse obstetric outcomes. A growing body of literature has explored maternal resilience as protective factors contributing to healthy maternal and child health (MCH) outcomes. However, several gaps exist in how this construct has been conceptualized and operationalized. First, extant research has primarily conceptualized maternal resilience as individual attributes that enable women to "bounce back" after facing adversity during pregnancy, thereby failing to incorporate the broader systemic and environmental factors that contribute to chronic stress, particularly among vulnerable groups. Second, the literature has largely neglected to examine resilience in relation to maternal stress, therefore not acknowledging that women who experience greater stress will likely require more resources. Third, though resilience has been investigated at discrete life stages, longitudinal research has not been conducted to explore how it develops over the lifecourse. This article critically evaluates the resilience literature, expands upon the gaps described, and proposes a conceptual framework that reimagines material resilience using three population health theories, including Bronfenbrenner's socioecological framework, Elder's lifecourse theory, and Geronimus' weathering hypothesis. The proposed framework will inform future research that examines the development of multilevel resilience resources over the lifecourse as well as interventions to increase resilience and ultimately yield healthier MCH outcomes among vulnerable communities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Childhood Adversity and Life Satisfaction in Adults with Alternative Care Experience in 12 Low- and Middle-Income Nations: The Mediating Roles of Individual and Relational Protective Factors and Resilience

Adults with care experience have elevated rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and a greater likelihood of poor outcomes. Some research has examined how protective factors and resilience impact outcomes among care leavers, but few studies include those from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Further, little work has examined the interactive impact of protective factors and resilience in this population. We investigated (a) the prevalence of ACEs among care leavers from LMICs, the mediating roles of (b) resilience and (c) individual and relational protective factors on the relationship between ACEs and life satisfaction, and (d) whether mediation was occurring both in parallel and sequentially. Five hundred forty-two care leavers from twelve LMICs completed an online survey. Participants completed the Brief Resilience Scale, ACEs Questionnaire, and open-ended questions regarding care experiences. Open-ended questions were coded for protective factors. There was a high prevalence of ACEs among care leavers. The relationship between ACEs and life satisfaction was partially mediated by resilience. Individual and relational protective factors partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and life satisfaction. Finally, resilience and protective factors partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and life satisfaction in both parallel and sequential mediation among care leavers from LMICs. Protective factors operate interactively to influence resilience, increasing life satisfaction among care leavers from LMICs.

From Reactive to Proactive Infrastructure Maintenance: Remote Sensing Data and Practical Resilience in the Management of Leaky Pipes

The introduction of remote sensing technologies, AI and big data analytics in the utility sector is warranted by the need to provide critical services with the least disruption to customers, but also to enable preventive maintenance, extend the life cycle of infrastructure components and reduce grid loss—or overall, to exhibit ‘durability’ and ‘resilience’ when faced with the certainty of breakage and decay. In this paper, we first explore the concept of ‘resilience’ and the nature of practice from a performativist perspective in order to set the scene for discussing the impact of ‘datafication’ on maintenance practices and infrastructure durability. We then describe an instance of introducing remote sensing technologies in district heating network surveillance and leak detection: drone-operated thermographic cameras and underground wire sensors. Based on insights from this case study, we discuss the specificity of data-driven infrastructure maintenance practices, and what it means to exhibit practical resilience in relation to how such practices unfold, interrelate and evolve over time. We reflect on how the use of remote sensing technologies and data analytics (1) potentially changes district heating workers’ epistemic worlds (i.e., how knowledge emerges, is negotiated and ordered in practice) and (2) provides opportunities for ‘messy’ pipe repair work to tacitly adopt proactive and preventive logics to meet continuously evolving organizational and societal needs.

Depression risk and resilience in a diverse sample of older adults in the United States

Living in poor and physically deteriorating neighborhoods is associated with heightened likelihood of experiencing depression. At the same time, not all people experience their neighborhoods in the same way. We predicted and tested the possibility that variability in this association can be explained by the social support that people derive both from their personal networks and other people residing in the same neighborhood, and that this moderation varies by race/ethnicity. Health and Retirement Study data (2018/2020 waves) were used to evaluate the role of individual-level and contextual risk and resilience factors in association with depression among US older non-Hispanic white adults (n = 4,986, mean age 67 years), non-Hispanic black adults (n = 1,342, mean age 65 years), and Hispanic adults (n = 937, mean age 64 years). Four notable findings emerged. First, perceived neighborhood disorder was related to increased depression risk for non-Hispanic white and black participants, but not Hispanic participants. Second, participants residing in census tracts with higher poverty rates were more likely to report depression. Third, non-Hispanic white participants residing in census tracts with greater Hispanic resident density had reduced depression risk. This same pattern was not observed among non-Hispanic black participants. Finally, perceived support from family was associated with reduced depression risk among all participants. These data suggest both individual- and contextual-level sources of risk and resiliency for depression. The implications for theories that seek to explain the relative resilience to neighborhood disorder observed among US Hispanic residents are discussed.

Assisted sexual coral recruits show high thermal tolerance to the 2023 Caribbean mass bleaching event.

Assisted sexual coral propagation, resulting in greater genet diversity via genetic recombination, has been hypothesized to lead to more adaptable and, hence, resilient restored populations compared to more common clonal techniques. Coral restoration efforts have resulted in substantial populations of 'Assisted sexual Recruits' (i.e., juvenile corals derived from assisted sexual reproduction; AR) of multiple species outplanted to reefs or held in in situ nurseries across many locations in the Caribbean. These AR populations provided context to evaluate their relative resilience compared to co-occurring coral populations during the 2023 marine heat wave of unprecedented duration and intensity that affected the entire Caribbean. Populations of six species of AR, most ranging in age from 1-4 years, were surveyed across five regions during the mass bleaching season in 2023 (Aug-Dec), alongside co-occurring groups of corals to compare prevalence of bleaching and related mortality. Comparison groups included conspecific adult colonies as available, but also the extant co-occurring coral assemblages in which conspecifics were rare or lacking, as well as small, propagated coral fragments. Assisted sexual recruits had significantly lower prevalence of bleaching impacts (overall pooled ~ 10%) than conspecific coral populations typically comprised of larger colonies (~ 60-100% depending on species). In addition, small corals derived from fragmentation (rather than sexual propagation) in two regions showed bleaching susceptibility intermediate between AR and wild adults. Overall, AR exhibited high bleaching resistance under heat stress exposure up to and exceeding Degree Heating Weeks of 20°C-weeks. As coral reefs throughout the globe are subject to increasingly frequent and intense marine heatwaves, restoration activities that include sexual reproduction and seeding can make an important contribution to sustain coral populations.

Analyzing Economic Resilience of Rural Tourism in Indonesia Using Synthetic Composite Index

Research Originality: This study used a new method, namely the Adjusted Mazziotta-Pareto Index (AMPI) to measure and categorize economic resilience using clustering analysis. In addition, the innovative method had not been previously applied to tourism resilience in Indonesia, making this study the first to measure tourism village resilience.Research Objectives: This study aimed to analyze economic resilience of tourism village destinations in Indonesia from 2019 to 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research Methods: The procedures were carried out using a quantitative method to determine resilience index of tourism village in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were obtained from form management documents as well as 24 tourism villages across Java, Bali, and West Nusa Tenggara Provinces. Empirical Results: The results showed that the majority of villages were significantly impacted in the initial year of COVID-19, but were able to recover, demonstrating strong capacity and performance in recovering from the pandemic shock. In addition, economic aspects of capacity and performance showed high adaptability after the pandemic, indicating relative resilience to the shock. Implications: The results of this study could inform policies to enhance tourism village resilience in Indonesia. JEL Classification: O18, Z32, Z38How to Cite:Ariyani, N., & Fauzi, A. (2024). Analyzing Economic Resilience of Rural Tourism in Indonesia Using Synthetic Composite Index. Etikonomi, 23(2), 415 – 432. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v23i2.33355.

Poor stress resilience in adolescence predicts higher risk of severe COVID-19 and other respiratory infections: A prospective cohort study of 1.4 million Swedish men

ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between stress resilience in late adolescence and later risk of severe COVID-19 and other lower respiratory infections. A secondary aim was to examine potential confounding between low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and stress resilience in relation to respiratory infection. MethodsWe conducted a registry-based cohort study of 1.4 million Swedish men, undergoing military conscription between 1968 and 2005. All were assessed by a psychologist for stress resilience, receiving a score between 1 and 9. The outcomes were hospitalization or death due to COVID-19 from March 2020 to September 2021 and hospitalization due to bacterial or viral pneumonia from conscription until January 2020. A secondary aim was to examine potential confounding between low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and stress resilience in relation to respiratory infection. ResultsPoor stress resilience in late adolescence is associated with later risk of severe lower respiratory infections. Using a high resilience score as the reference, the hazard ratio (95 % CI) for death due to COVID-19 for the lowest scores was 1.49 (1.01–2.18) adjusted for CRF and other confounders. The corresponding adjusted hazard ratios for hospitalization due to bacterial pneumonia were 2.28 (2.03–2.57) and for viral pneumonia 1.92 (1.33–2.79). No significant interaction was seen between stress resilience and CRF in the analysis. ConclusionsPoor stress resilience is a prospective factor for severe COVID-19 as well as for bacterial and viral respiratory pneumonia endpoints, independent of CRF. These findings imply an effect of late adolescent stress resilience on the immune system later in life.

Active Forgetting and Healthy Remembering in Nietzsche

Abstract This paper advances a novel account of how active forgetting underpins Nietzsche’s conception of health. Recent work has focused on what active forgetting is but does not explain how this process facilitates what Nietzsche calls “spiritual health.” I show that active forgetting – unlike Freudian repression or sublimation – preserves spiritual health when it is challenged by experiential content such as trauma, and that it allows for the incorporation of such experiences. I offer a reconstruction of active forgetting which makes reference to the use of therapeutic narratives, which, although neither necessary nor sufficient for active forgetting, can aid and optimize this process in the face of traumatic experiences. My account provides a complex and clear distinction between forgetting and narrativization, in keeping with Nietzsche’s comments on the utility of adversity and the importance of resilience in relation to spiritual health.

COVID-19 and Uncertainty Effects on Tunisian Stock Market Volatility: Insights from GJR-GARCH, Wavelet Coherence, and ARDL

This study rigorously investigates the impact of COVID-19 on Tunisian stock market volatility. The investigation spans from January 2020 to December 2022, employing a GJR-GARCH model, bias-corrected wavelet analysis, and an ARDL approach. Specific variables related to health measures and government interventions are incorporated. The findings highlight that confirmed and death cases contribute significantly to the escalation in TUNINDEX volatility when using both the conditional variance and the realized volatility. Interestingly, aggregate indices related to government interventions exhibit substantial impacts on the realized volatility, indicating a relative resilience of the Tunisian stock market amidst the challenges posed by COVID-19. However, the application of the bias-corrected wavelet analysis yields more subtle outcomes in terms of the correlations of both measures of volatility to the same metrics. Our econometric implications bear on the application of such a technique, as well as on the use of the realized volatility as an accurate measure of the “true” value of volatility. Nevertheless, the measures and actions undertaken by the authorities do not exclude fear and insecurity from investors due to another virus or any other crisis. The positive and long-term impact on the volatility of US equity market uncertainty, VIX, economic policy uncertainty (EPU), and the infectious disease EMV tracker (IDEMV) is obvious through the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). A potential vulnerability of the Tunisian stock market to future shocks is not excluded. Government and stock market authorities should grapple with economic and financial fallout and always instill investor confidence. Importantly, our results put mechanisms such as overreaction to public news and (in)efficient use of information under test. Questioning the accuracy of announcements is then recommended.

Gottman's sound relationship house and relational resilience through infertility for couples.

Some couples report that their relationship satisfaction increases through the experience of infertility. Few studies exist which explain how this phenomenon occurs through specific variables. We hypothesized that John Gottman's constructs of friendship and intimacy as well as shared meaning could explain how couples can achieve increased relationship satisfaction. We examined a regression analysis of cross-sectional retrospective individual data for couples who are either experiencing infertility currently or have done so in the recent past. In our nonclinical sample (n = 903), mediation analyses indicated significant influencing pathways for the Gottman shared meaning system, indicating that this construct may explain how couples achieve greater emotional bonding and couple satisfaction through infertility. These findings provide couple therapists with potential areas of focus for couples navigating infertility through the lens of Gottman Method Couple Therapy, including ways to encourage deeper mutual shared meaning amidst the infertility experience.

Historical Analysis of Climate Variability and Agricultural Production in Nigeria (1931-2020)

This study investigates the historical dynamics of climate variability and its impacts on agricultural production in Nigeria from 1931 to 2020. Utilizing a robust analytical framework that integrates climatic data analysis, statistical modelling, and geographic information system (GIS) techniques, the research explores trends in temperature and precipitation across different agro-ecological zones. Key findings reveal a consistent upward trend in average annual temperatures, with more pronounced warming observed in northern Nigeria, notably the Sahelian zone. Concurrently, precipitation patterns exhibit regional disparities, characterized by increased rainfall in southern regions and variable patterns in the north, including periods of severe droughts during the 1970s and 1980s. Statistical analyses employing Mann-Kendall trend tests and regression models confirm significant temperature increases and varying precipitation trends, underscoring their direct impacts on agricultural productivity. The study highlights the sensitivity of crop yields to climatic factors, demonstrating that rising temperatures adversely affect staple crops such as maize, millet, and sorghum, while adequate precipitation plays a critical role in enhancing yields. Socio-economic factors, including disparities in resource access between northern and southern regions, influence farmers’ adaptive capacity and resilience to climate variability. Adaptation strategies adopted by Nigerian farmers, such as adjusted planting schedules, crop diversification, and irrigation practices, are explored within the context of socio-economic constraints and infrastructural limitations. Spatial analysis using GIS provides insights into the differential impacts of climate variability across Nigeria, emphasizing the vulnerability of northern regions to climate shocks compared to the relative resilience of southern regions. Policy implications underscore the urgency of promoting climate-resilient agricultural practices, improving resource access, enhancing rural infrastructure, and implementing targeted capacity-building initiatives. These measures are essential for enhancing adaptive capacity, resilience, and sustainable agricultural development amidst on going climate variability and change in Nigeria.

Asymmetric spillovers and resilience in physical and financial assets amid climate policy uncertainties: Evidence from China

Climate policy is essential for fostering sustainable development and addressing climate-related issues, while climate policy uncertainty (CPU) introduces complex challenges in providing a consistent framework for action. In this study, we delve into the spillover dynamics among China's domestic CPU, foreign CPU, physical assets, and financial assets across various market scenarios, through a quantile-based connectedness method and evidence from China. The findings reveal: (1) The spillover dynamics are asymmetric across quantiles and time, and the COVID-19 pandemic influences the total connectedness. (2) The complexity of spillover patterns in physical assets is likely contingent upon market conditions, policy sources, asset types, and industrial-chain positions, while the spillovers of financial assets are quantile-dependent and time-varying, with the agricultural equity market showing relative resilience to the pandemic. (3) There is no significant Granger causality in quantiles between domestic CPU and foreign CPU under the entire sample period, and the rankings regarding the spillovers from CPUs to assets vary across market conditions. Implications for policymakers, investors, and firms are provided.

Therapeutic Relational Communication and Resilience among Nursing Professionals in a Pandemic Situation.

Therapeutic relational communication has become a fundamental human resource in the nursing profession. The positive relationship between nurse-patient communication and resilience has been shown in several studies. However, these aspects can be affected in adverse circumstances. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between nurse-patient therapeutic relational communication and the resilience of nursing professionals in adverse circumstances. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 201 nursing professionals was conducted. This study found high levels of both therapeutic relational communication between nurses and patients as well as resilience among nurses. The sociodemographic variables of age and years of experience in the profession positively correlated with the data obtained through the measurement instruments. The co-relational analysis revealed a positive correlation between nurse-patient therapeutic relational communication and nurse resilience, and the regression analysis showed that levels of successful therapeutic communication skills were minimally explained by resilience. Nursing professionals who participated in this study demonstrated adequate levels of therapeutic relational communication with their patients as well as adequate levels of resilience required to cope with the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic in their daily nursing practice. This study was not registered.

Spatial-temporal pattern of ecosystem services and sustainable development in representative mountainous cities: A case study of Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are essential measure for preserving the balance between human well-being and natural ecosystems. The benefit of preserving ecosystems health play a crucial role in promoting the SDGs by providing stable ecosystem services (ESs). However, the ecological health of mountainous cities is vulnerable, with relative low ecological resilience. To investigate the conflict between ecosystems and sustainable development, this study takes the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration as the study area. The major tasks and results in this study include: (1) using the entropy weighting method and the InVEST model, we combined remote sensing, geographic, and statistical data to quantify three types of SDGs (economic, social, environmental) and four ESs (water yield, soil conservation, habitat quality, carbon storage), and establish a localized sustainable development assessment framework that is applicable to the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration. The results show that from 2014 to 2020, the three types of SDGs exhibited an overall upward trend, with the lowest values occurring in 2016. The gap between different counties has narrowed, but significant regional differences still remain, indicating an unbalanced development status quo. Among the 142 counties, water yield and soil conservation values show a consistent downward trend but occupies significant interannual variations, while habitat quality and carbon storage values increases consistently each year. (2) using Spearman's nonparametric correlation analysis and multiscale geographically weighted regression model to explore the temporal variation and spatial heterogeneity of correlations between county ESs and SDGs. The results showed significant heterogeneity in the spatial trade-offs and synergies between ESs and SDGs, with two pairs of synergies weakening, seven pairs of trade-offs increasing, and the strongest negative correlation between Economic Sustainable Development Goals and habitat quality. (3) we applied the self-organizing mapping neural networks to analyze the spatial clustering characteristics of ESs-SDGs. Based on the spatial clustering effects, we divides the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration into four zones, and different zones have different levels of ESs and SDGs. The targeted strategies should be adopted according to local conditions. This work is of great practical importance in maintaining the stability and sustainable development of the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration ecosystem and provides a scientific reference for the optimal regulation of mountainous cities.

What is the potential of creative practice for building community resilience in flood-prone communities in the UK?

This paper critically explores the potential of creative practices to support community resilience in relation to flooding, coastal erosion and inundation in the UK. We argue that imaginative ways of thinking, communicating, and working are necessarily required to better engage publics and manage the entangled and far-reaching environmental problems that we face today. The social impacts of intractable challenges like flooding present a conundrum that requires novel approaches to their resolution. We start from the position that creative practices could offer us a fresh and powerful way to confront these impasses. However, the relations, dispositions, geographies and political dynamics involved in socially engaged creative processes remain to be more fully explored. In order to begin this process, the paper unpacks the concept of community resilience as a series of intersecting place-based elements rather than as a universal capacity. It then examines the social processes intrinsic to creative practice based on publicly-focused engagements. It outlines how these might address key elements of community resilience in terms of the social processes they perform. The paper argues that this unpacking is a prerequisite for any attempt to think more systematically about how creative practices might facilitate building community resilience in place. It concludes by turning to the notion of community itself and explores how thinking developed through the paper might have informed two located case studies.

Factors of Power and Equity: Enhancing Our Health System Resilience Research Frameworks Comment on "Re-evaluating Our Knowledge of Health System Resilience During COVID-19: Lessons From the First Two Years of the Pandemic"

The concept of health system resilience has gained prominence in global health discourse, especially in response to the Ebola and COVID-19 pandemics. This commentary responds to Saulnier and colleagues’ 2022 review, which used the Dimensions of Resilience Governance framework to synthesize of COVID-19 related health system resilience research and explore possible conceptual gaps. The review’s findings reveal elements missing from the original framework which underscore the social nature of health systems. This commentary links the review’s empirical findings to nascent theorization of health systems resilience to develop an adapted Framework for Exploratory Research on Health Systems Resilience. A key contribution of the adapted framework is to make explicit the role of actor power and highlight more clearly the distinctions between: (i) research focused on identifying the capacities needed to enable adaptation; (ii) research focused on the actors whose interests and choices determine which adaptive strategies are used, and (iii) research that assess the outcomes of such strategies.

Transient impairment in microglial function causes sex-specific deficits in synaptic maturity and hippocampal function in mice exposed to early adversity

Abnormal development and function of the hippocampus are two of the most consistent findings in humans and rodents exposed to early-life adversity (ELA), with males often being more affected than females. Using the limited bedding (LB) paradigm as a rodent model of ELA, we found that male adolescent mice that had been exposed to LB exhibit significant deficits in contextual fear conditioning and synaptic connectivity in the hippocampus, which are not observed in females. This is linked to altered developmental refinement of connectivity, with LB severely impairing microglial-mediated synaptic pruning in the hippocampus of male and female pups on postnatal day 17 (P17), but not in adolescent P33 mice when levels of synaptic engulfment by microglia are substantially lower. Since the rodent hippocampus undergoes intense synaptic pruning during the second and third weeks of life, we investigated whether microglia are required for the synaptic and behavioral aberrations observed in adolescent LB mice. Indeed, transient ablation of microglia from P13-21 in normally developing mice caused sex-specific behavioral and synaptic abnormalities similar to those observed in adolescent LB mice. Furthermore, chemogenetic activation of microglia during the same period reversed the microglial-mediated phagocytic deficits at P17 and restored normal contextual fear conditioning and synaptic connectivity in adolescent LB male mice. Our data support an additional contribution of astrocytes in the sex-specific effects of LB, with increased expression of the membrane receptor MEGF10 and enhanced synaptic engulfment in hippocampal astrocytes of 17-day-old LB females, but not in LB male littermates. These findings suggest a potential compensatory mechanism that may explain the relative resilience of LB females. Collectively, our study highlights a novel role for glial cells in mediating sex-specific hippocampal deficits in a mouse model of ELA.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide studies of resilience in the German population.

Resilience is the capacity to adapt to stressful life events. As such, this trait is associated with physical and mental functions and conditions. Here, we aimed to identify the genetic factors contributing to shape resilience. We performed variant- and gene-based meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies from six German cohorts (N = 15822) using the 11-item version of the Resilience Scale (RS-11) as outcome measure. Variant- and gene-level results were combined to explore the biological context using network analysis. In addition, we conducted tests of correlation between RS-11 and the polygenic scores (PGSs) for 12 personality and mental health traits in one of these cohorts (PROCAM-2, N = 3879). The variant-based analysis found no signals associated with resilience at the genome-wide level (p < 5 × 10-8), but suggested five genomic loci (p < 1 × 10-5). The gene-based analysis identified three genes (ROBO1, CIB3 and LYPD4) associated with resilience at genome-wide level (p < 2.48 × 10-6) and 32 potential candidates (p < 1 × 10-4). Network analysis revealed enrichment of biological pathways related to neuronal proliferation and differentiation, synaptic organization, immune responses and vascular homeostasis. We also found significant correlations (FDR < 0.05) between RS-11 and the PGSs for neuroticism and general happiness. Overall, our observations suggest low heritability of resilience. Large, international efforts will be required to uncover the genetic factors that contribute to shape trait resilience. Nevertheless, as the largest investigation of the genetics of resilience in general population to date, our study already offers valuable insights into the biology potentially underlying resilience and resilience's relationship with other personality traits and mental health.

Tree Resilience Indices of Norway Spruce Provenances Tested in Long-Term Common Garden Experiments in the Romanian Carpathians.

Provenance trials provide a valuable opportunity to evaluate the impact of extreme events on growth and wood properties. In this study, we have evaluated 81 Norway spruce provenances, tested in three provenance trials established in the Romanian Carpathians in 1972. The response to drought of the Norway spruce provenances has been examined using the following tree resilience indices: resistance, recovery, resilience, and relative resilience. The relationship between climate and growth, the correlations between wood traits, and the coordinates of the origin and tree resilience indices were also analysed. In each provenance trial, there were significant differences between provenances and years regarding wood widths and latewood percentage (LWP). Regarding drought extreme events, the years when they occurred in all three provenance trials were 2000 and 2003. Significant differences between provenances for at least one tree resilience index have been found in all provenance trials, for the year 2000. By using subperiods of 25 years, changes in the relationship between climate and growth have been observed. Several provenances with high radial growth and good resistance and/or recovery have been identified. Provenances that performed better in common garden experiments could be used in assisted migration, even in the proximity of the current natural range.

Perceived Relational Empathy and Resilience in People with Spinal Cord Injury at the End of Acute Care: A Cross-Sectional Study.

In patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) and experience of care measures (PREMs) are extremely relevant for the prognosis. However, there is a paucity of research on these topics. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationships between these patient outcomes and other demographic and clinical variables in adult SCI patients discharged from the intensive care unit of an Italian tertiary rehabilitation hospital. We administered the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) for perceived relational empathy, the Spinal Cord Independence Measure III self-report (SCIM-SR) for functional autonomy, the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) for resilience. Study participants consisted of 148 adults with SCI; 82.4% were male, with a mean age of 49.9 years (SD = 16.6). The lesion was traumatic in 82.4% and complete in 74.3% of cases. The median length of hospital stays was 35 days (interquartile range-IQR = 23-60). Perceived relational empathy was positively associated with resilience (r = 0.229, p = 0.005) and negatively associated with the length of the stay and lesion completeness. Resilience had a weak negative association with pain (r = -0.173, p = 0.035) and was unrelated to other variables. Clinicians should consider the routine assessment of PREMs and PROMs in order to personalize post-discharge therapeutic plans and identify appropriate measures to ensure continuity of care.