Related Information Technology Research Articles

System Lag: Re-Building the Collective Governance of Information Technology

Building on the history of how information technology (IT) and information systems (IS) are governed in higher education, this article situates the adoption and implementation of information technology in relation to the on-going corporatisation of the university ??? a trend entailing both the growth of the administrative cadre and a reduction in power of collegial governance. Tracing the appropriation of processes and concepts from the study and implementation of IS in the private sector, it is argued that the adoption of IS has supported new technology in a manner that evades formalised collective deliberation and decision-making on campus. In the conclusion, it is argued that the history of collegial IT governance ‐ now mostly forgotten ‐ should be recovered with the aim of developing an effective mechanism for the sharing of information about, and development of an effective strategy for responding to, how new technologies affect the varied constituencies present on campus.

The Influence of Relational Intellectual Capital and Information Technology on Hospital Efficiency

Knowledge management and building intellectual capital are essential for effectively operating healthcare entities. Modern information and communication technologies have an increasing impact on the activities of healthcare entities, which is attributable to the relationship of ICT and purely medical technologies with the use of ICT in knowledge and intellectual capital management. Proper management of the areas of hospital activity mentioned above significantly impacts its effectiveness and efficiency. This paper aims to present and verify a model for determining the impact of the level of relational intellectual capital and the degree of maturity of information and communication technology on the quality and effectiveness of medical services provided by hospitals in Poland. The research model was created using structural equation modelling (SEM). The basic structural model consists of four constructs corresponding to the phenomena studied and the relationships between these constructs. Each construct, as a latent variable, has its measurement model. The measurement models use a survey conducted among the management staff of Polish hospitals. The questionnaires contain carefully selected questions that are indicators of SEM measurement models. The estimation of the model parameters and accuracy was assessed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (SEM-PLS) methodology. The hypotheses proposed in the paper were verified positively. The model meets the required quality criteria, and all parameters are statistically significant. The level of relational intellectual capital and the degree of maturity of information and communication technology positively and significantly impact the quality and effectiveness of medical services provided in hospitals. The research findings may be helpful for hospital management at the strategic management level.

Book Review: Doing Ethnographic Research Online

In the field of consumer and marketing research, netnographies have become a widely accepted form of research. Our social worlds are going digital, with perhaps hundreds of millions of people interacting through various online communities and their associated cybercultures. Netnography is a form of ethnographic research adapted to the unique contingencies of computer-mediated social interaction. This book aims to provide a set of methodological guidelines, a disciplined approach to the culturally—oriented study of that technologically—mediated social interaction that occurs through the Internet and related information and communications technologies. The methods that these various fields have used to investigate these topics are still somewhat uncertain and in flux. Most of this type of work written after the term was coined uses the guidelines and techniques that have been published about the netnographic approach.

Multi-domain ubiquitous digital twin model for information management of complex infrastructure systems

Digital twin is a comprehensive digital equivalent of an object or an activity, reflecting the semantic and geometric properties and behaviors through virtual models and data. Digital twin and related information technologies are widely used in the construction, operation and maintenance of infrastructure and facility. Transdisciplinary stakeholders are always involved in the long-term and cross-scene management of IoT and digital twin-enabled smart infrastructures and facilities. The intensive interactions among stakeholders often cause conflicts due to the variations in experience, knowledge, and interests. Moreover, with the change propagation of digital twins, cyber-physical resources can’t be efficiently and consistently established, connected, and utilized with multi-domain information through selective simplification and structured methods. This paper proposes a Ubiquitous Digital Twin model for the information management of complex infrastructure systems based on Domain-Driven Design. To achieve the unified and structured description, six domains are deployed in the proposed model with sequential or parallel tuples for shared understanding of overall system framework or specific functional modules. Three cases of one smart nuclear plant management scenario are hierarchically instantiated to evaluate the proposed model.

Electronic Spreadsheets: Inconsistencies, Errors and Discrepancies

The authors, over more than 10 years dedicated to research and scientific production, which have been shared through books and scientific articles focused on information and communication technologies in relation to education and the contemporary context of technological dependence in which society is inserted today, demonstrate not only logical and conceptual weaknesses in the application of spreadsheets, but also discuss new perspectives on the use of complex systems that simulate intelligence. Thus, the present article is developed around the importance of effectively knowing the fundamental mathematical calculations, before indiscriminately accepting the mathematical projections presented by the main tools available in the market. Inconsistencies, weaknesses, and errors, both logical and mathematical in spreadsheets, will be presented, as well as their possible impacts on the market and society.

Factors that Influence the Learning Curve: Evidence from Cost Behavior in Clinical Labs*

ABSTRACTClinical labs belong to a mature industry and fulfill a critical function in the health‐care value chain. We examine factors that influence the opportunity, motivation, and ability to learn in clinical labs. We hypothesize that with respect to learning about cost: (i) organizational design, such as the extent of outsourcing can impede the opportunity to learn, (ii) quality focus (measured by mortality rates and length of stay (LOS)) can reduce the motivation to learn, and (iii) related task variety (measured by product‐mix breadth) and information technology investments can enhance the ability to learn. Our empirical tests calibrate learning effects on disaggregate (technical and supervisory hours and cost) and aggregate (salary and total direct cost) cost and time pools. Using longitudinal data from clinical labs in California for the period 1997–2015, we find that clinical labs with greater cumulative output have lower average costs, consistent with learning effects in clinical labs. We also find results consistent with our hypotheses about the contextual factors that influence learning rates in clinical labs. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of learning rates with implications for budgeting, forecasting, and performance measurement. The results highlight that learning can be a crucial source of cost reduction in health‐care settings.

INFORMATION SECURITY POLICY: ESTABLISHING RULES AND STANDARDS OF USE AMONG EMPLOYEES

Harmony between sectors of a company is something that adds a lot of value to the institution even more when it comes to the IT sector in relation to the others. Information security aims to adequately protect data from the various existing threats, and information security policy governs it. This is the basic theme of this article, in which the application proposal addressed aims to identify how it reflects in the area of information technology in relation to employees within a social concept of behavior in the face of some barriers imposed on sectors at the level of access. Within the context studied, the methodology applied to achieve the objective had a case study that provided the necessary data. Through the survey directly linked to the facts, the applied research raised the consequences of the theme. In addition to empirical and descriptive research, which through structured interviews used reports and documents, contributing to the understanding of the reflexes that occurred between the sectors related to the Security Policy.

Кибертерроризм как нетипичное проявление (форма) терроризма в современном мире

The article examines the doctrinal aspects of understanding cyber terrorism as an atypical manifestation (form) of traditional terrorism, actualized in the light of the intensive development and widespread dissemination of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the modern world. The conclusion is substantiated that cyber terrorism is a conceptually relevant concept, which is perceived either as a way of committing a terrorist act (truncated understanding), or as any terrorist crimes that are committed through the use of information and communication technologies (broad understanding). Analysis and generalization of scientific positions regarding the development of an optimal definition of cyber terrorism made it possible to define this phenomenon of social reality as the illegal use of information and communication technologies in relation to computer information, computer systems and networks in critical segments of the state and in the private sector, which create the danger of death of people, causing significant property damage or the onset of other socially dangerous consequences, with the aim of whipping up fear and tension, as well as influencing the authorities for political or other, inherent in the ideology of terrorism, motives.

Assessment of Agile manufacturing impact on business performance of Indian manufacturing industry: A PLS-SEM approach

A limited number of previous studies investigated the impact of agile manufacturing on overall business performance, especially in the Indian context. The study investigates the influence of agile manufacturing attributes, namely: Leadership support, Human related issues, customer-related issues, and Information technology on business performance. The data was collected from 154 manufacturing industries and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results show a positive and significant influence of agile manufacturing attributes on the manufacturing industry's business performance.

Exploring students’ literacy of information technology in higher education: Platforms and usage

At present time, information technology (IT) is widely used in society. At any level of school, students use them for a variety of reasons to find, share, and discuss specific topics. By using technology, integrating IT into the basic professional learning curriculum course has not been created into a new format of instructional design. The purpose of this study is to find out how students feel about the platform and how they use technology in a basic professional learning curriculum course. It is a quantitative descriptive research that assesses students' perceptions of information technology in relation to specific topics. According to the findings of the study, the majority of students in the age range of 20–21 years stated that the most appropriate platform to be integrated in the basic professional learning curriculum course and learning efficiency was achieved for the majority of them by the age range of the respondents from 17 to 19 years. IT has infiltrated virtually every facet of society, including education. It is envisaged that the findings of this study would be used as a foundation for the development of IT integration in basic professional learning curriculum courses in order to maximize student learning outcomes. 
 
 Keywords: Students' perception, curriculum course, information technology, platform, usage

Electronic and magnetic properties of silicene monolayer under bi-axial mechanical strain: First principles study

Mechanical control of electronic and magnetic properties of 2D Van-der-Waals heterostructures gives new possibilities for further development of spintronics and information-related technologies. Using the density functional theory, we investigate the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of silicene monolayer with substituted Chromium atoms and under a small biaxial strain (−6%<ε<8%). Our results indicate that the Cr-doped silicene nanosheets without strain have magnetic metallic, half-metallic or semiconducting properties depending on the type of substitution. We also show that the magnetic moments associated with the monomer and vertical dimer substitutions change very weakly with strain. However, the magnetic moment associated with the horizontal dimer substitution decreases when either compressive or tensile strain is applied to the system. Additionally, we show that the largest semiconductor band-gap is approximately 0.13 eV under zero strain for the vertical Cr-doped silicene. Finally, biaxial compressive strain leads to irregular changes in the magnetic moment for Cr vertical dimer substitution.

RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS OF ONCOLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF ANTI-TUMOR TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH THYROID CANCER ON THE BASIS OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CATAMNESTIC DATA

The aim: Identification of new, non-trivial knowledge on the prediction of thyroid recurrence on the basis of follow-up data from medical histories. Materials and methods: The development of long-term oncological effects was studied on the catamnestic data of 157 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer who were treated according to a standard scheme, including radical surgery, radioiodine therapy and hormone therapy. Results: It is shown that the specificity of thyroglobulin as a cancer marker for thyroid cancer is not an unambiguous question and the probability of obtaining false-positive results on its basis is quite significant. It is shown that violation of the recommended terms for special treatment (surgical and radioiodine therapy) can be used as a factor in the prognosis of relapse, and patients who received special treatment with violation of the terms for various reasons require careful attention and more careful examination. The dose of thyroxine that should be used to achieve suppression can be used as a marker of thyroid relapse: an excess of thyroxine levels of 2.8 μg / kg is an indicator of the risk of relapse in the future. Statistically there was no significant effect on the prevention of long-term oncological complications by prolonging the duration of suppressive hormone therapy as a component of thyroid cancer treatment, but there are grounds to believe that prolonged suppression leads to increased cardiovascular and female genital complications. Conclusions: the use of modern information technologies in relation to the arrays of catamnestic data of medical histories allowed to obtain additional knowledge to prevent the development of distant oncological complications resulting from thyroid cancer.

Targeting Precision in Imperfect Targeted Advertising: Implications for the Regulation of Market Structure and Efficiency

With the rapid development of e-commerce and related information technologies, consumers’ individual information can be accurately collected and analyzed according to their previous purchase histories or browsing behaviors. Then the targeted advertising can be directly sent to the heterogeneous consumers in the segmented market by the firms. This study aims to explore the possible role of targeting precision on the market structure. This assay set up a game-theoretical model with duopolistic firms. Both firms compete in prices and imperfect targeted advertising. In this setup, the targeting precision is variable. The results indicate that each competitive firm’s equilibrium profit varies with the targeting accuracy of targeted advertising and shows a U-shape variation with precision. Moreover, both firms’ profits reveal monotonic properties, improving targeting precision while using distinct advertising strategies. Then, the model is extended into n different competitive firms to seek the possible market capacity. The results prove that the equilibrium free-entry numbers of firms also exhibit a U-shape variation as a function of targeting precision while sending the imperfect targeted advertising to the consumers. This conclusion implies that the firm conducting imperfect targeted advertising with a moderate targeting precision is beneficial for the most efficient free-entry of new rival competitive firms and shows the most effective efficiency for the whole market.

ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL CRYPTOCURRENCY MARKET FORECASTING METHODS AND MODELS

With the development of financial institutions, this application software and related information technologies are used not only by specialists, but also by ordinary citizens to solve tasks that a few years ago seemed to be within the competence of only mathematicians specializing, for example, in building forecasting models. It can be noted that the collaboration of IT with application software, as well as with the mathematical apparatus most typical for forecasting tasks, gives good results. In particular, this applies to the Central Bank market. The study is devoted to the problem of approaches to the selection of methods and strategies for analysis and forecasting of the central bank markets, which is an urgent issue today. Far from all possible methods and strategies have sufficient coverage in the scientific information space, which prompts the need to analyze and systematize already existing information in this field. Accordingly, basically. the purpose of the study is to analyze and systematize the theoretical foundations of existing approaches to forecasting the CCV market. An analysis and systematization of the theoretical foundations of existing approaches to forecasting the CCV market was carried out. Generalized advantages and disadvantages of structural methods and models used for making market forecasts were outlined. A comparative analysis of ANN models was carried out in terms of their use for market analysis tasks. Among the analyzed ANN models are the following: CNN-2l, CNN-3l, LSTM, sLSTM, BiLSTM, GRU, CLSTM, MLP and RFBNN. The analysis and testing of existing models provided results that provide a wide scope for further research and study.

Technological business strategies for environmental sustainability among Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC) member states: a bibliometric study

The implementation of sustainable development within the member states of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC) takes into account business technologies and strategies as key to progress. As such, this paper proposes a methodology for a systematization of the literature that recognizes the importance and growth of the topic over time. It encompasses an analysis of the countries with the greatest scientific output, the most productive authors, and a characterization of the areas and variables researched, as well as some possible future lines of research. The bibliometric analysis was based on a review of 234 scientific papers in the Scopus database. The main results reveal increasing interest in information systems and technologies in relation to environmental problems, with interdisciplinary perspectives to environmental sustainability.

Improving the Learning Effectiveness of Information System Analysis and Design Courses with Collassion Learning

The information systems analysis and design course are compulsory in the Information Systems Study Program. The majority of the graduate profiles demonstrate a great level of experience as systems analysts. Every year the number of students in this program at the University of Technology, Mataram, with scores below B is average 37.35%. This value corresponds to the annual student population being unable to conduct the course activities effectively. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to generate an appropriate learning model for the information system analysis and design course to improve higher-order thinking skills. The methodology involved research and development (R&amp;D) that combines two learning development models, termed research and information collection. This research occurs as the first stage of Borg &amp; Gall’s model and the Step of System Approach Model of Educational Research and Development, adapted from Step Learning Design by Dick &amp; Carey. Based on the analysis results of student demands, literature review, and the reference to existing problems, the need to develop a learning model for the information systems analysis and design course appears very essential. This is achieved by adopting a problem-based learning model known as “Collassion”, mainly supported by information and communication technology in relation to collaboration and discussion. A validity test was subsequently performed by 4 experts and the model effectiveness was determined, using product effectiveness analysis. The posttest average score was attained at 81.21, with 82.76% of student completion rate in accordance with the specified minimum competency standards. This score has increased significantly up to 72.41% from the pretest mean value at 43.69, with a percentage of completeness of 6.90%. Furthermore, the effectiveness test results showed the ability of Collassion Learning in enhancing the learning effectiveness of the sample course.

Social participation and attitude towards gerontechnology: The moderating role of frailty status

The purpose of this study was to examine whether frailty status moderates the association between social participation and attitude towards using gerontechnology. The sample was Korean older adults without cognitive impairment (N = 310, aged 66-90, 51% women) who completed an online survey. The attitude towards using gerontechnology was measured with two questions from the Senior Technology Acceptance Model (Chen & Chan, 2014), asking whether using technology is a good idea and whether they like the idea of using technology. Social participation was assessed by asking whether the participants engage in social or community activities on a scale of 1–10. Frailty status was determined based on the Korean Groningen Frailty Indicator (K-GFI). Covariates were age, gender, marital status, employment status, education level, and household income. Results from regression analyses showed significant interaction between frailty status and social participation on attitude towards using gerontechnology. Specifically, social participation was associated with positive attitude towards using gerontechnology among non-frail older adults. This association was not significant among frail older adults. Our findings suggest that the relationship between social participation and attitude towards using gerontechnology might differ by physical health status. Among older adults who are physically healthy and actively participate in social activities, the attitude towards using gerontechnology might be more positive due to greater exposure to new technology-related information. Future studies need to address alternative ways to enhance technology-friendliness among older adults with poor physical health.

IT resources and quality attributes: The impact on electronic green supply chain management implementation and performance

Although electronic green supply chain management (e-GSCM) has been increasingly adopted into organizations, there is limited empirical research examining antecedents and consequences of e-GSCM implementation. By integrating resource-based and information system success perspectives, this study aims to examine how information technology (IT) resources (i.e., IT infrastructure, IT human and IT relationship resources) and quality attributes (i.e., system quality, information quality, and service quality) influence e-GSCM implementation, which in turn influences firm performance. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) is used to analyze the survey of 264 IT managers in large Taiwanese firms. The results show that IT human resources, IT relationship resources, system quality, and information quality significantly drive both e-GSCM internal integration and external collaboration. However, IT infrastructure resources only influence e-GSCM internal integration, and service quality only influences e-GSCM external collaboration. The results also demonstrate that both e-GSCM internal integration and external collaboration are conducive to superior environmental performance and firm competitiveness. Based on the findings, this study discusses the implications for researchers and practitioners.

Digitalization and Future Agro-Food Supply Chain Management: A Literature-Based Implications

Achieving transition towards sustainable and resilient food systems is a critical issue on the current societal agenda. This study examined the potential contribution of digitalization of the food system to such transition by reviewing 76 relevant journal articles, indexed on the Scopus database, using the integrative literature review approach and descriptive content analysis with MAXQDA 2020 software. ‘Blockchain’ was the top hit among keywords and main concepts applied to the food system. The UK as a country and Europe as a continent were found to lead the scientific research on food system digitalization. Use of digital technologies such as blockchain, the Internet of Things, big-data analytics, artificial intelligence, and related information and communications technologies were identified as enablers. Traceability, sustainability, resilience to crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and reducing food waste were among the key benefit areas associated with digitalization for different food commodities. Challenges to practical applications related to infrastructure and cost, knowledge and skill, law and regulations, the nature of the technologies, and the nature of the food system were identified. Developing policies and regulations, supporting infrastructure development, and educating and training people could facilitate fuller digitalization of the food system.

Analisis Implementasi Teknologi Informasi terhadap Audit Internal dan Pengendalian Internal Bank SulutGo

All areas of human life have been entered by information technology, including the internal audit and internal control of a company. This research expects to decide the impact of data innovation on inner review and interior control at Bank SulutGo. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The results obtained are that information technology has an effect on internal audit and internal control of Bank SulutGo. The audit process of Bank SulutGo has developed its information technology by creating an internal audit system based on the Auditing Through the Computer method. Bank SulutGo's internal control is also developed in accordance with the development of information technology as evidenced by manually or computer data archives and using the OLIBS (On Line Integrated Banking System) system. The practical impact that can be felt from this research is that it becomes an evaluation material for Bank SulutGo to continue to improve information technology in relation to internal audit and internal control. Keywords: Information Technology, Internal Audit, Internal Control