Related Economic Aspects Research Articles

Preliminary Estimation of Marine Recreational Fisheries (MRF) in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic: The Marche Region Case Study (Adriatic Sea, Italy)

Marine Recreational Fishing (MRF) is a highly attended complex activity, extremely evident along the coastlines, and mainly practiced among riparian communities. For that reason, this activity plays an important role to effectively contribute to the collective well-being, both from the social and economic points of view. However, it may negatively affect the fish stocks and the marine environment in general, mainly due to the removal of biological resources. The growing need to evaluate the magnitude of marine recreational fishing is recognized worldwide, especially in the last decade, when inclusive fishing programs began to focus their attention on this fishing activity. Based on its unexpected evidence and its wider repercussion on social behavior, the COVID-19 pandemic is considered by the scientific community as one of the most unique opportunities to better understand the social phenomenon and their repercussion on the environment. In this work will be reported very preliminary results on the consistency of marine recreational fishing in the case study of the Marche region (Italy). Number of recreational fishers and fishing effort were estimated through a telephone survey conducted in the Italian side of the Northern Adriatic Sea (FAO GFCM Geographical Sub Area 17) by interviewing 580 households. The sampling strategy also included a recall survey, which was carried out every month on a list of recruited fishers. In this manner, additional information was collected, such as detailed fishing effort, catches, and expenditures. In addition, biological data of catches were estimated through several on-site surveys. The information collected from January and December 2020 was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of social restrictions and access to marine places, inevitably impacting on marine recreational fishing features, including the biological resources and the related economic aspects.

Switching from cigarettes to electronic nicotine delivery system: rapid systematic review and meta-analysis and economic aspects.

To assess how and in what extent the electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use substituted the consumption of traditional combustible cigarettes (c-cigarettes, c-cig). We performed a systematic review of the literature up to August 2019 in scientific databases. Primary outcomes were proportion of complete or partial substitution of conventional to electronic cigarettes and related economic aspects. Secondary outcomes were odds ratio of substitution and country-wise time trends. We retrieved 3,628 references and included 49 studies, providing economic and epidemiological data. Economic studies of cross-price elasticity showed that combustible cigarettes are partially substitutable for electronic cigarettes. Most studies reported that electronic cigarettes consumption prevalence increased over time. Three studies reported a significant reduction of combustible cigarettes consumed per day among dual users (combustible- plus electronic- cigarettes users) versus combustible-cigarettes users. The pooled adjusted odds ratio of quitting combustible cigarettes among electronic cigarettes users versus never or past electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes, e-cig) users was 1.19 (95% confidence interval 1.09 to 1.30; heterogeneity score 0%). Longitudinal studies showed globally a growing prevalence of electronic cigarettes use, mainly in adolescents. A negative relationship between consumption and price increase of electronic and combustible cigarettes was found. The chance of quitting smoking combustible cigarettes among current electronic nicotine delivery systems users was increased with respect to never- or past- electronic nicotine delivery systems users. Economic studies reported that electronic cigarette is partially substitutable for combustible cigarettes.

A Blueprint for a Knowledge Bourse, a Financial Innovation for an Information Age

The world economy is in the midst of the next stage of its evolution, one that operates robustly in the framework of an information age. The idea of a “knowledge or information society” has become a benchmark of economic policies and business practices in both developed and developing nations. Many nations have firmly set their sights on transitioning to knowledge economies, as reflected in the vast investments in information technologies and related economic aspects across countries. This article proposes a model for the development of a financial innovation that would vigorously promote such a transition: A Knowledge Bourse.

Benefits of Authentic Education with Multidisciplinary Perspectives from the Viewpoints of Analytical Psychology

Authentic education system highlighted in this paper provides a unique learning experience to individual learners, specifically by addressing their psychological and neurological needs; assessment of learners are done through generic attributes that have more validity and relates to intrinsic learner characteristics, lasting throughout the life span. The psychological types or conscious functions defined in analytical psychology provide additional insights into learner classification and identifying appropriate generic attributes. . In the authentic education system described, learners are encouraged to pursue higher-order learning sending them through a complete learning cycle; this engages learners deeply to the task and provides a lasting experience, enabling individuals to reach their full potential. Learners are encouraged to pursue an individuation process as described in analytical psychology towards a higher level of human development; that is the shadow or the inferior functions are directly addressed enabling the path towards the concept of the self. Through authentic education, we get to value human resources much more than related economic aspects, making a significant difference to our current approaches and focus; it has the promise to effect a significant positive social change towards a sustainable development. In this regard, the viewpoints from analytical psychology as a framework of human development provide additional justifications.

Benefiting From Authentic Education To A Sustainable Social Development

Authentic education provides a unique learning experience to individual learners, specifically by addressing their psychological and neurological needs. The assessment of learners is done through generic attributes that have more validity and relates to intrinsic learner characteristics that could last throughout the life span of the learner. Authentic education looks at the general term education more broadly and deeply, and from multiple perspectives. As the individual learners are identified uniquely through authentic education, it embraces diversity within the human species more broadly and meaningfully. Learners are encouraged to pursue higher-order learning sending them through a complete learning cycle; this engages learners deeply to the task and provides a lasting experience, enabling individuals to reach their full potential. Authentic education aims at providing personal development for individuals broadly, not merely a career development, while still paving a better way to map individual preferences to more suitable career paths. Through authentic education, we get to value human resources much more than related economic aspects, making a significant difference to our current approaches and focus; it has the promise to effect a significant positive social change towards a sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to discuss conceptualising authentic education, multiple perspectives, better educational outcomes, learners embracing diversity, higher order learning, individual characteristics to related career paths, holistic personal development, social change valuing human resources, and consistent and predictable social development.

Fish oil replacement in finfish nutrition

AbstractUnsustainable fishing practices have placed a heavy emphasis on aquaculture to meet the global shortfalls in the supply of fish and seafood, which are commonly accepted as the primary source of health‐promoting essential omega‐3 (n‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids). However, dietary fish oil is required for the production of omega‐3‐rich farmed fish and this commodity, in a vicious circle, is at present derived solely from wild fisheries. Decreasing global availability coupled with the highly variable price of this resource has forced the aquaculture industry to investigate the possibilities of alternative dietary lipid sources. This review attempts to compile all principal information available regarding the effects of fish oil replacement for the diets of farmed finfish, analysing the findings using a comparative approach among different cultured fish species. The review initially focuses on the present situation with regard to the production, availability and main nutritional characteristics of fish oil and the principal alternative lipid sources (such as vegetable oils and animal fats). Following this, the effects of fish oil replacement in finfish nutrition on feed quality, fish performance, feed efficiency, fish lipid metabolism, final eating quality and related economic aspects are presented and discussed.

Work Inputs and Related Economic Aspects of Multitier Shoring Towers

Shoring towers are the common formwork solution for high-clearance construction. Because towers account for a remarkably high percentage of the cost of the constructed concrete element, work input data and related economic aspects of tower erection constitute important information for constructors. This paper presents three case studies of high multitier shoring towers, each representing a different tower type. Tower data, major construction parameters, and work inputs for each case are presented. Findings are compared and discussed, and due conclusions are drawn. Finally, recommendations on measures expected to increase the economy of shoring solutions using multitier towers are offered, and some restrictions on the adoption of work input data are listed.

Research Knowledge About Technology and Economic Aspects for Decision Making

Changes in the Field Technology of Management will have a positive effect in many ways inside and outside factories. Many researchers and companies have been interested in developing smart devices and communications buses. Distributors and manufacturers are involved with these projects and they develop new elements for process management. Some decision makers and end-users of industrial companies have been also involved with different kinds of projects. But what do they really think about the reliability and performance of current field technology and what are their demands for new solutions? This research project has attended to define, what are their real opinions are about technology and it’s related economic aspects. In addition the criteria of decisions have been found for choosing field elements, e.g. measurements, actuators, controllers, communication systems and their properties. Seeking information from both paper and electric documents, this Research work has inquired into the demands of communication technology, maintenance and service points, the education and experience of users, successful co-operation inside factories, the operations of upper level systems and their connections and process and system planning, too. The researcher has been pursuing his doctoral thesis in Finland in connection with a European Community Program carried out during 1994-95 at the Fraunhofer Institute in Karlsruhe, Germany. The results were collected from 20 factories and 50 experts from a group of 150 person’s which were from the Finnish chemical, pulp and paper and steel industry. The main results of process management show that the demands of measurement reliability, the compatibility operation of whole technology, and process continuing activity are the most important and disturbances in process had to be minimized, too. The Reliability of connections using cables and mechanical interfaces, successful technology planning and the activities of users will influence the choice of Field Technology. The most important economical arguments, which could improve profit, are co-operation between people and the entire reliability of technology.

Problems of heating within historic buildings of Austria

This paper summarizes the historical development of heating methods in Austria, experiences with different heating systems, damages caused by heating, and related economic aspects. The author make recommendations for safe heating levels in historic building in Austria.

A survey of automatic control in the glass industry: 1961-1973

This report is a survey of the state of the art in the fields of mathematical modelling and process identification, instrumentation, simulation, process control—including analog and digital control, in the glass industry. A brief description of environmental control, quality control and automatic inspection and the related economic aspects of process control are also included. The various studies which have been done are grouped according to the application areas and method employed. The current state of the art of process control and its trend in the various fields of the glass industry is made available in a compact form. A number of applications and potential applications are discussed. The results are presented in a more readily usable form both for the research worker and the industrial user. A list of references of more than 300 items—papers and reports, from about 25 research journals in the glass and control fields—is included in alphabetical order.

APPENDIX: A Bibliographic Survey of Automatic Control in the Glass Industry: 1961-1972

This report is a survey of the state of the art in the fields of mathematical modelling and process identification, instrumentation, simulation, process control - including analog and digital control, in the glass industry. A brief description of environmental control, quality control and automatic inspection and the related economic aspects of process control is also included. The various studies which have been done are grouped according to the application areas and method employed. The current state of the art of process control and its trend in the various fields of the glass industry is made available in a compact form.A number of applications and potential applications are discussed. The results are presented in a more readily usable form both for the research worker and the user. A list of references of more than 250 items : papers and reports, from about 25 research journals in the glass and control fields, is included in alphabetical order.

Closed-cycle MHD meeting (Report on the international closed-cycle MHD specialists meeting, Jülich, Federal Republic of Germany, 12 - 14 MAY 1970)

This type of meeting at half-yearly intervals was introduced some time ago to promote the quick exchange of experience between the different groups working in this field of energy conversion. The problems in which they are involved are of plasma physics and technology together with the related economic aspects. The program was divided int o 6 sessions: (1) Status of and results from closed-cycle and blow-down experiments; (2) Plasma properties; instabilities in non-equilibrium plasmas; (3) Current distribution; boundary layers and end losses; (4) Design concepts of large MHD generators; (5) Aspects of nuclear MHD power plants; and (6) General discussion. At every session the most recently completed work or current investigations formed the main topics of the papers and so the meeting provided an opportunity to review the present status in each field. This paper reports some of the highlights and makes some concluding remarks on the present status of closed-cycle MHD energy conversion.