Related Academic Research Research Articles

Multi-omics analysis reveals the mechanisms by which C6-HSL enhances the resistance of typical functional bacteria in activated sludge to low-temperature stress

Signaling molecules, particularly acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), can enhance microbial activity under low-temperature stress. However, the specific mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. This study identified a typical activated sludge functional bacterium that is sensitive to low temperatures and regulated by hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL), a representative of AHLs. It elucidates how C6-HSL modulates the bacterium's resistance to low-temperature stress. Experimental results indicated that C6-HSL significantly increased the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in strain LB-001 under low-temperature stress, while also decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, C6-HSL markedly repaired the damage to cell membrane structure caused by low-temperature stress. At the genetic level, C6-HSL upregulated the expression of 20 key genes related to energy metabolism, antioxidation, and fatty acid synthesis. At the metabolic level, C6-HSL increased the levels of metabolites related to energy metabolism and antioxidation, boosted the content of unsaturated fatty acids, and reduced the content of saturated fatty acids. This study utilized C6-HSL and low-temperature induction in conjunction with 16S microbial diversity sequencing, genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. These methods were employed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which exogenous C6-HSL regulates the resistance of activated sludge microbial communities to low-temperature stress. This research lays the foundation for the application of AHLs and cell communication in wastewater biological treatment, fostering deeper exploration and further innovation in related academic research.

Deep learning-driven automated quality assessment of ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography angiography images for diabetic retinopathy

AbstractImage quality assessment (IQA) of fundus images constitutes a foundational step in automated disease analysis. This process is pivotal in supporting the automation of screening, diagnosis, follow-up, and related academic research for diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study introduced a deep learning-based approach for IQA of ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography angiography (UW-OCTA) images of patients with DR. Given the novelty of ultra-widefield technology, its limited prevalence, the high costs associated with equipment and operational training, and concerns regarding ethics and patient privacy, UW-OCTA datasets are notably scarce. To address this, we initially pre-train a vision transformer (ViT) model on a dataset comprising 6 mm × 6 mm OCTA images, enabling the model to acquire a fundamental understanding of OCTA image characteristics and quality indicators. Subsequent fine-tuning on 12 mm × 12 mm UW-OCTA images aims to enhance accuracy in quality assessment. This transfer learning strategy leverages the generic features learned during pre-training and adjusts the model to evaluate UW-OCTA image quality effectively. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method achieves superior performance compared to ResNet18, ResNet34, and ResNet50, with an AUC of 0.9026 and a Kappa value of 0.7310. Additionally, ablation studies, including the omission of pre-training on 6 mm × 6 mm OCTA images and the substitution of the backbone network with the ViT base version, resulted in varying degrees of decline in AUC and Kappa values, confirming the efficacy of each module within our methodology.

新时代背景下高校韩语教材建设的内涵与路径探索

This article is based on the connotation of foreign language teaching material construction in the context of the new era, focuses on the specific path of Korean language textbook construction in colleges and universities, and explores how the construction of Korean language textbook in colleges and universities can fulfill the mission of the times shouldered by foreign language teaching materials from three aspects: curriculum ideology and politics, new liberal arts construction, and digital transformation: First, how to organically integrate Chinese culture into Korean language textbooks in colleges and universities; second, how to build Korean language textbooks in colleges and universities to adapt to interdisciplinary requirements and achieve cross-integration between disciplines; and third, how to build digital Korean language textbooks in colleges and universities. Through the discussion of these issues, we hope to provide reference and inspiration for related academic research and practical exploration of foreign language teaching material construction in the new era.

Mapping of Scientific Production on Entrepreneurship Education: A Bibliometric Analysis of a Decade

Entrepreneurship education has received much attention due to the in-creasingly complex and globalised entrepreneurial environment, lead-ing to the rapid development of related academic research. This study aims to provide a bibliometric analysis of 1017 publications related to entrepreneurship education in the Scopus database from 2014 to 2023, drawing a knowledge map to identify key themes, influential contribu-tors, impactful articles, research trends and future research directions. The results of the biblioMagika analysis showed that entrepreneurship education literature is continuously growing, with Agus Wibowo as the most productive author and Wenzhou Medical University in China the most prolific institution that has attracted wide attention. VOSviewer analysis showed close author and country co-authorship and found that the key terms "Entrepreneurship Education", "Entrepreneurial In-tentions" and "Entrepreneurship" were at the forefront of research. Fur-thermore, the thematic and word maps analysed by Biblioshiny reflect-ed the primary themes of the study, guiding future research directions. However, this study was also limited by using fixed keywords to search the literature in the Scopus database, excluding non-English publica-tions. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive picture of entre-preneurship education research, which helps researchers understand the research status of this field and proposes future research avenues.

Student Factors Affecting Performance Anxiety

Performance anxiety among university students has a serious impact on their artistic development. Performances are usually conducted in the form of examinations, competitions, and performances, which put higher demands on performers, but "performance anxiety" is a common phenomenon, which is encountered by amateurs, students at professional colleges and universities, as well as mature artists. College students may suffer from insomnia, anxiety, fear, and loss of appetite before going on stage. Appropriate performance anxiety helps to play the music, while excessive performance anxiety may cause stage fright, nervousness, blankness, stiffness, etc., and may even lead to the fear of performance and the idea of jumping ship. Performance anxiety is a widespread phenomenon among people engaged in performing arts activities, which has a great impact on people's learning, performance effect and quality, and an in-depth analysis of its causes and influencing factors can help to alleviate this situation and carry out related academic research.

Olympism and Chinese humanism: a critical analysis of the opening ceremony of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine China’s discourse on uniting all ethnic groups internally and conveying the human community to the world in the opening ceremony of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (BWO), reflecting the different Olympism of the East and the West and the intersection of Chinese humanism discourse to form the core concept of this study. In terms of research methods, this study took the opening ceremony of the BWO as the research object, collected the content of the opening ceremony of the 2022 BWO, media reports, and related academic research, and analyzed the discussion of the 2022 BWO at the opening ceremony. The results have shown that the BWO opening ceremony continues the Chinese humanism concept of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, showing the connotation of people-oriented patriotism and emphasizing the ideal of a community with a shared future for humanity in the world. This study concludes that the BWO opening ceremony emphasizes Chinese tradition, culture, and patriotism. At the same time, the opening ceremony’s theme is set as the concept of “One World, One Family.” This discourse has formed a contrast between cosmopolitanism and patriotism, which not only shows the contradiction in the internal discourse of Chinese humanism but also shows the dialogue’s dilemma between the Asian value thinking advocated by Chinese humanism and the universal values of individualism and human rights emphasized by Western concepts.

Analysis on the causes of Internet addiction among Chinese college students

With the continuous development of electronic information technology, the Internet has brought convenience to college students, but at the same time, there are many negative effects. The phenomenon of Internet addiction has emerged one after another, and it has caused damage to the physical health, social closure, moral behavior and personality alienation of college students. Therefore, studying the causes of Internet addiction among college students has become an important part of current psychological research work. The aim of this study is to understand the characteristics of college students' Internet addiction, explore the influencing factors of Internet addiction, and provide theoretical level reference for intervention of Internet addiction, related academic research, and departmental decision making. The systematic literature review method was used to search the Chinese and foreign literature databases. Based on the results of existing studies and researches, this paper analyzes the factors that may influence college students' excessive use of the Internet from three aspects, including the inherent characteristics of the Internet, personal factors and external environment, and proposes feasible suggestions for these three aspects.

Bibliometric: Social Media Marketing and Adoption in Indonesia

This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of social media marketing and adoption in tourism development by reviewing previous studies in the world and Indonesia published in the Scopus database. The data obtained were analyzed using a quantitative approach to provide a representative picture in line with the practicality of bibliometric analysis in assessing the output, organization, authorship, and characteristics of topics. The focus was placed on the articles published between 2012 and 2021 and the findings showed an increasing interest in the studies related to social media marketing and social media adoption as well as an evolution of related academic research.

The Construction and Application of E-Learning Curricula Evaluation Metrics for Competency-Based Teacher Professional Development

Today, students at universities in advanced countries typically enroll in colleges, such as the College of Education, which offer interdisciplinary programs for undergraduates in their first and second years, allowing them to explore personal interests, experience educational research fields, complete their integrated curricula, and then choose a major in their third year. To cooperate with the government’s epidemic prevention policies and measures in the post-COVID-19 era, the trend of e-learning and distance teaching has accelerated the establishment of integrated online curricula with interdisciplinary programs for undergraduates in the College of Education to facilitate effective future teacher professional development (TPD). Therefore, it is very important to construct e-learning curricula evaluation metrics for competency-based teacher professional development (CB-TPD) and to implement them in teaching practice. This research used social network analysis (SNA) methods, approaches, and theoretical concepts, such as affiliation networks and bipartite graphs comprised of educational occupational titles and common professional competencies (i.e., Element Name and ID), as well as knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs), from the U.S. occupational information network (O*NET) 26.1 OnLine database, to collect data on the occupations of educational professionals. This study also used Gephi network analysis and visualization software to carry out descriptive statistics of keyword co-occurrences to measure their centrality metrics, including weighted degree centrality, degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and closeness centrality, and to verify their importance and ranking in professional competency in eight categories of educational professionals (i.e., three categories of special education teachers and five categories of teachers, except special education). The analysis of the centrality metrics identified the educational common professional competency (ECPC) keyword co-occurrences, which were then used to design, develop, and apply e-learning curricula evaluation metrics for CB-TPD. The results of this study can be used as a reference for conducting related academic research and cultivating educational professionals’ online curricula, including ECPC keywords, integrated curricula design and the development of transdisciplinary programs, and teacher education, as well as to facilitate the construction and application of future e-learning curricula evaluation metrics for CB-TPD.

How does digital transformation affect agricultural enterprises’ pro-land behavior: The role of environmental protection cognition and cross-border search

The increase in the world's population and the significant changes in climate have put huge pressure on agricultural production land. Digital technologies have the potential to help improve this problem, however, there is currently a lack of commensurate attention from both academia and business. From the perspective of a knowledge-based view, this study establishes a theoretical framework to examine the influence of digital transformation on pro-land behavior, the mediating role of environmental protection cognition, and the moderating role of cross-border search. To test the theoretical model, the authors conduct empirical assessments based on survey data from a large number of Chinese agricultural companies. The results show that (1) digital transformation positively enhances enterprises' pro-land behavior; (2) environmental protection cognition partially mediates the positive relationship between digital transformation and pro-land behavior; (3) cross-border search positively moderates the relationship between digital transformation and environmental protection cognition; (4) cross-border search positively moderates the mediating role of environmental protection cognition in the relationship between digital transformation and pro-land behavior. The research expands the theoretical application of digital transformation and knowledge-based view in the field of land protection, and creatively constructs measurement indicators of related variables, which can provide decision-making references for related academic research and policymaking.

Synthetic biology in Europe: current community landscape and future perspectives

Synthetic biology has captivated scientists' imagination. It promises answers to some of the grand challenges society is facing: worsening climate crisis, insufficient food supplies for ever growing populations, and many persisting infectious and genetic diseases. While many challenges remain unaddressed, after almost two decades since its inception a number of products created by engineered biology are starting to reach the public. European scientists and entrepreneurs have been participating in delivering on the promises of synthetic biology. Associations like the European Synthetic Biology Society (EUSynBioS) play a key role in disseminating advances in the field, connecting like-minded people and promoting scientific development. In this perspective article, we review the current landscape of the synthetic biology community in Europe, discussing the state of related academic research and industry. We also discuss how EUSynBioS has helped to build bridges between professionals across the continent.

Neural networks for predicting kerf characteristics of CO2 laser-machined FFF PLA/WF plates

The current work is a follow-up of previous research published by the authors and investigates the effect of CO2 laser cutting with variable cutting parameters of thin 3D printed wood flour mixed with poly-lactic-acid (PLA/WF) plates on kerf angle (KA) and mean surface roughness (Ra). The full factorial experiments previously conducted, followed a custom response surface methodology (RSM) to formulate a continuous search domain for statistical analysis. Cutting direction, standoff distance, travel speed and beam power were the independent process parameters with mixed levels, resulting to a set of 24 experiments. The 24 experiments were repeated three times giving a total of 72 experimental tryouts. The results analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression, to study the synergy and effect of the parameters on the responses. Thereby, several neural network topologies were tested to achieve the best results and find a suitable neural network to correlate inputs and outputs, thus; contributing to related academic research and actual industrial applications.

Public Needs for Wearable Particulate Matter Devices and Their Influencing Factors

Recently, increasing numbers of people have realized the harm that particulate matter (PM) causes to health, especially those with a diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5). With the increasing popularity of wearable devices in recent years, it is believed that wearable technology can contribute feasible solutions to prevent health hazards caused by PM2.5. In order to better understand the public’s needs regarding wearable devices, this study aimed to determine what kinds of PM2.5 wearable devices were needed by the public and the factors that may influence these needs. An online survey was conducted in the Beijing metropolitan area of China of a total of 894 subjects. The results showed that the public’s overall need for wearable PM2.5 purifiers was higher than for wearable PM2.5 trackers. The public’s needs for wearable breathing-zone PM2.5 devices were significantly higher than for any other type, indicating that people care about the quality of the air they actually breathe. It was also found that education, income level, and attitude toward PM2.5 positively affected their needs for wearable devices. In contrast, age had a negative influence on their needs. The results of this study are expected to serve as a valuable reference for related academic and industrial research.

A Policy-Driven Approach to Secure Extraction of COVID-19 Data From Research Papers.

The entire scientific and academic community has been mobilized to gain a better understanding of the COVID-19 disease and its impact on humanity. Most research related to COVID-19 needs to analyze large amounts of data in very little time. This urgency has made Big Data Analysis, and related questions around the privacy and security of the data, an extremely important part of research in the COVID-19 era. The White House OSTP has, for example, released a large dataset of papers related to COVID research from which the research community can extract knowledge and information. We show an example system with a machine learning-based knowledge extractor which draws out key medical information from COVID-19 related academic research papers. We represent this knowledge in a Knowledge Graph that uses the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). However, publicly available studies rely on dataset that might have sensitive data. Extracting information from academic papers can potentially leak sensitive data, and protecting the security and privacy of this data is equally important. In this paper, we address the key challenges around the privacy and security of such information extraction and analysis systems. Policy regulations like HIPAA have updated the guidelines to access data, specifically, data related to COVID-19, securely. In the US, healthcare providers must also comply with the Office of Civil Rights (OCR) rules to protect data integrity in matters like plasma donation, media access to health care data, telehealth communications, etc. Privacy policies are typically short and unstructured HTML or PDF documents. We have created a framework to extract relevant knowledge from the health centers’ policy documents and also represent these as a knowledge graph. Our framework helps to understand the extent to which individual provider policies comply with regulations and define access control policies that enforce the regulation rules on data in the knowledge graph extracted from COVID-related papers. Along with being compliant, privacy policies must also be transparent and easily understood by the clients. We analyze the relative readability of healthcare privacy policies and discuss the impact. In this paper, we develop a framework for access control decisions that uses policy compliance information to securely retrieve COVID data. We show how policy compliance information can be used to restrict access to COVID-19 data and information extracted from research papers.

Experimental investigation on ducted hot aisle containment system for racks cooling of data center

A new type of ducted hot aisle containment system for racks cooling of data center has been proposed and put into practice gradually. However, the related academic research has not been carried out, especially for the improvement of cooling performance and influencing factors for the cooling system. In this paper, one experiment platform with 8 racks in 2 rows with multiple-heat-sources was established and tested under various working scenarios. In terms of improving the cooling performance, airtight treatment on the basis of ducted hot aisle containment system is better than itself and is also better than only collar, which is better than no collar. Besdides, doors closing is better than that doors opening, "V" diffuser is better than "T" diffuser, and “T” diffuser is better than no diffuser. Properly increasing installation ratio of blanking panels and air volume have also favorable impact. The experimental data and results in this paper will be of great significance to the design and application of ducted hot aisle containment system for racks cooling.

A multi-objective optimal decision model for a green closed-loop supply chain under uncertainty: A real industrial case study

Green closed-loop supply chain management is an important topic for business operations today because of increasing resource scarcity and environmental issues. Companies not only have to meet environmental regulations, but also must ensure high quality supply chain operation as a means to secure competitive advantages and increase profits. This study proposes a multi-objective mixed integer programming model for an integrated green closed-loop supply chain network designed to maximize profit, amicable production level (environmentally friendly materials and clean technology usage), and quality level. A scenario-based robust optimization method is used to deal with uncertain parameters such as the demand of new products, the return rates of returned products and the sale prices of remanufactured products. The proposed model is applied to a real industry case example of a manufacturing company to illustrate the applicability of the proposed model. The result shows a robust optimal resource allocation solution that considers multiple scenarios. This study can be a reference for closed-loop supply chain related academic research and also can be used to guide the development of a green closed-loop supply chain model for better decision making.

Streaming’s Effects on Music Culture: Old Anxieties and New Simplifications

This article identifies five key themes, or sets of criticisms, that have emerged in online commentary on the new musical system centred on streaming platforms, and in related academic research: Streaming encourages ‘functional’ rather than meaningful, aesthetic musical experience. Streaming encourages bland, unchallenging music. Streaming makes musical experience passive and distracted, and music recedes into the background (here the article also discusses limitations of the widely used concepts of ‘ubiquitous music’ and ‘ubiquitous listening’). Streaming makes music tracks and songs shorter, and musical experience more fragmented. Streaming discourages and/or limits musical discovery and adventurousness. The article addresses each of these themes in turn, examining the degree to which criticisms of streaming’s effects on musical experience along these lines might be considered valid, and the degree to which they might genuinely enhance critical understanding of contemporary musical experience. It also considers these themes in relation to older forms of evaluation, particularly those that developed in the 20th century in response to the industrialisation of music, and argues that many recent criticisms problematically reproduce older anxieties and assumptions.

Metal-free oxidative cross-coupling enabled practical synthesis of atropisomeric QUINOL and its derivatives

As an important platform molecule, atropisomeric QUINOL plays a crucial role in the development of chiral ligands and catalysts in asymmetric catalysis. However, efficient approaches towards QUINOL remain scarce, and the resulting high production costs greatly impede the related academic research as well as downstream industrial applications. Here we report a direct oxidative cross-coupling reaction between isoquinolines and 2-naphthols, providing a straightforward and scalable route to acquire the privileged QUINOL scaffolds in a metal-free manner. Moreover, a NHC-catalyzed kinetic resolution of QUINOL N-oxides with high selectivity factor is established to access two types of promising axially chiral Lewis base catalysts in optically pure forms. The utility of this methodology is further illustrated by facile transformations of the products into QUINAP, an iconic ligand in asymmetric catalysis.

A systematic gray literature review: The technologies and concerns of microservice application programming interfaces

AbstractThe microservice application programming interface (API) becomes a growing concern in the IT industry, as a result of the increasing usage of microservice architecture style. There exist many successful practices among companies, communities, and so on. In contrast, the related academic research is still at an early stage, where lacks an overview of technologies for the design, implementation and operation of microservice APIs, as well as a general picture of concerns. In this article, we try to fill this gap by eliciting the technologies and concerns on microservice APIs and establishing a microservice API description model, with the intention of aiding researchers to gain an overview of this field and find possible research directions, and helping practitioners to better understand microservice APIs and be aware of the existing approaches for daily work. Twelve academic papers and 38 gray literatures are selected and analyzed following the systematic literature review approach. Besides, we give our observations from this study. For researchers, our findings show the most cared concerns of practitioners, and our description model can be used as a reference for new theories, experiments, and future research dimensions. For practitioners, our study can be used as a guideline for microservices experimentation and a starting point for practice.

Recently evaluated Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) process performances: A research perspective

Abstract Recently, cutting edge machining approaches are used extensively for answering multifarious issues in manufacturing sectors that consist of machining larger strength materials, manufacture of intricate shaped profiles, improve surface characteristics, and lower production time. In this scenario, the development of Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) is rapidly taking place. EDM is a non-conventional thermal-based machining procedure that is used for the machining of harder materials. At large, spark erosion is the main working principle performed in EDM. This meticulous review study provides based on the recently published EDM process articles where the objective is to attempt newer work material and advanced electrode that could significantly meet industrial manufacturing domain around the globe. In addition, the concluding observations turn out with defined underlines and technological research gaps making this review article useful to related academic and scientific research community with proper identification of EDM process factors, advance work materials, material electrode tools and sustainable dielectric for achieving favorable outcomes as a frontier machining technology.