Related Absorption Bands Research Articles

Advanced exploration of rare metal mineralization through integrated remote sensing and geophysical analysis of structurally-controlled hydrothermal alterations

Fusing multi-source (remote sensing and geophysical) data and diverse approaches validation in targeting hydrothermal alteration and structural anomalies enhances the potential for accurately detecting and characterizing mineralization zones. Sentinel 2 data and ASTER were processed for lithological and hydrothermal alteration mapping in the rare metal-rich Umm Naggat area (Egypt). Different image processing techniques were implemented, including false color composites, minimum noise fraction, band rationing, band math, mineral indices, relative absorption band depth, and constrained energy minimization. The rare metal-bearing Umm Naggat younger granite (NYG) pluton was lithologically discriminated and intra-differentiated to mafic-rich biotite granites, mafic-poor alkali feldspar granites, and albitized granites. Extensive hydrothermal alterations, such as albitization, ferrugination, propylitization, argillization, and phyllitization, overprint the NYG pluton. Normalized standard deviation, automatic lineament extractions, and trend analysis highlighted the key structural directions (NW, NNW, NNE, and NE) and distinguished the NYG pluton as a moderate to high structural density zone. The high structural density and intensive alteration zones are spatially associated and more localized within the NYG pluton than the surrounding rocks. Spatial overlay analysis confirmed that the hydrothermal alterations and fluid circulation systems are structurally-controlled. Furthermore, the hydrothermal alteration mapping and structural analysis outcomes were verified by combining fieldwork, slab polishing, petrographic investigations, and mineral chemistry through semi-quantitative scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and quantitative electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) analysis. As a result, the hydrothermal genesis of rare metal-bearing minerals (Nb-rutile, Nb-ilmenite, and columbite) close to or incorporated within alteration minerals (chlorite, muscovite, and hematite) is confirmed from the alteration zones (propylitic, phyllic, and ferruginated). In addition, biotite muscovitization and chloritization significantly contribute to the secondary rare metal enrichment. The current study emphasizes the extensive distribution of secondary rare metal-bearing minerals within the entire NYG pluton (not only limited to the northern albitized granite as depicted by previous studies), which might shed light on these hydrothermally-altered younger granites as a new potential source for Nb and Ta in Egypt.

HyMap imagery for copper and manganese prospecting in the east of Ameln valley shear zone (Kerdous inlier, western Anti-Atlas, Morocco)

ABSTRACT Eastern Kerdous demonstrates a polymetallic hydrothermal activity due its association with a paleorelief area. This study focuses on generating a Mineral Potential Map based on Fuzzy Logic Modelling and HyMap-Based input layers. The Relative Absorption Band Depth, Directed Principal Component Analysis, Line Density, and Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering techniques were implemented to perform 20 thematic layers. As a result, three new prospective zones were identified. Fieldwork, petrography, and XRD analysis verified the remote sensing results. Finally, this investigation highlights the significant potential of HyMap imagery for mineral exploration in inaccessible and remote parts of the western Anti-Atlas belt.

Evaluating possible spectroscopic variation of Bennu’s sampling site

ABSTRACT The OSIRIS-REx spacecraft completed the first part of the primary objective by successfully sampling the surface of asteroid (101955) Bennu and storing the acquired sample in the re-entry capsule. The sampling ‘Touch-And-Go’ (TAG) maneuver was performed nominally at the primary sampling site, Nightingale, in Bennu’s Northern hemisphere. As a consequence of the TAG, material at the sampling site was mobilized and the morphology of the area was altered. This event offered a unique opportunity to investigate, in detail, the subsurface of asteroid Bennu giving access to fine grained and less altered material from Nightingale crater. We performed a detailed study on the infrared spectrum in the Nightingale region to search for modification resulting from the sampling event by analysing different features: slope, the H2O–OH− related absorption band in the $2.7\ \mu {\rm m}$ region, and other possible features. Our results show that, despite visible alteration of the TAG location detected by cameras, no strong variations are observed in the near-infrared bands and their quantitative evaluation is not possible beyond all the instrumental effects, although some changes may have occurred. We confirm that the infrared spectrum of the sampling site becomes redder with respect to the pre-TAG observations, conceivably due to fine material mobilization and exposure of less altered material, as confirmed by decreased spectral convexity. We identify possible modification of hydrated band at $2.7\ \mu {\rm m}$ but with some concerns due to data quality. However, our results place new constraints on the nature of Bennu’s subsurface material and the sample collected by OSIRIS-REx.

Multiscale mineralogical investigations for mineral potentiality mapping of Ras El-Kharit-Wadi Khashir district, Southern Eastern Desert, Egypt

Through various scales of observation, ranging from remote sensing data, field investigations, hand specimens, microscopic petrographic examinations, XRD, to SEM, indicators of various mineralization types are highlighted in Ras El-kharit-wadi Khashir (Eastern Desert, Egypt). Systematic remote sensing exploration of the mineralized zones is performed through integrating Sentinel 2 and ASTER datasets. False-color combinations, informative band ratios, relative absorption band depth, and CEM techniques were applied to discriminate rock units and various types of hydrothermal alterations. Moreover, ALOS PALSAR DEM was utilized to decipher the structural lineaments. Intensive field investigations confirmed hydrothermally altered zones that were picked out through remote sensing analysis and revealed that the study area is affected by cataclastic metamorphism to some extent. Magmatic and metamorphic rock types are represented by propylitic, phyllic, argillic, and silicification zones. Sericitization, chloritization, epidotization, kaolinitization, carbonatization, and silicification are recorded utilizing petrographic and remote sensing investigations. Moreover, the current study reveals that the detected alteration is the main reason for the apparent wide range of petrographic characteristics of each rock type and bearing several opaque minerals, such as pyrite, magnetite, titanomagnetite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, covellite, galena, goethite, and hematite. Most of these opaques were identified using ore microscopy, XRD, and SEM. The distribution of hydrothermal alterations, representative samples bearing mineralization, structurally dissected zones are integrated to build a mineral potentiality map of the study area. The resultant MPM was confirmed via field survey and emphasized the usefulness of the current integrated approach besides highlighting about 125 km2 as potential mineralized zones.

A cost-effective way of sintering Ce3+:YAG based ceramic phosphors for high power/high brightness phosphor-converted solid state light sources

Transparent or translucent Ce3+:YAG single-phase ceramics and Ce3+:YAG/Al2O3 ceramic composite were prepared by simple sintering in flowing oxygen at atmospheric pressure. The sintered samples presented similar optical transmittance spectra as those sintered in vacuum except the oxygen vacancies related absorption band peaked at 320 nm. SEM morphology of the ceramic plates showed dense microstructures when sintered at about 1700 °C, and the mechanism of densification in oxygen atmosphere was analyzed. In addition, the chromaticity and luminescence spectra of the light source prototypes combining blue LD and the as-prepared ceramics were measured, the effect of the optical transmittance, Ce3+ doping concentration and the secondary phase alumina on the color coordinates and luminous efficacy were also discussed. This process obviates the need for expensive sintering equipment and extra heat treatment steps, which may pave the way for obtaining Ce3+:YAG based ceramic phosphors for practical applications through a cost-effective method.

Integrating Aster 07XT, Landsat 8, and aeromagnetic data for the delineation of potential mineralization sites in North Cameroon

In mineral exploration, detailed hydrothermally altered minerals mapping is an important approach prior to the field campaign. The study area contains several gold‐bearing quartz veins associated with hydrothermally altered zones rich in sulphides, muscovite/sericite, iron oxides, and hydrous silica. In this study, Aster 07XT, Landsat 8, and aeromagnetic data were integrated to detect potential zones associated with gold mineralization in Northern Cameroon. For this purpose, the relative band absorption depth, band ratioing, and analytic signal techniques were applied to enhance, identify and map hydrothermal alteration minerals, that is, hydroxyl‐bearing, iron oxide/hydroxide. In addition, a semi‐automatic approach was applied to extract remotely sensed and aeromagnetic lineaments from PCI Geomatica and Centre for Exploration Targeting Grid Analysis respectively. Hence, several potential mining targets were delineated from the processing of both remote sensing and aeromagnetic data. The major directions of the lineaments affecting the area include NE–SW/ENE–WSW, E–W, and N–S. Detailed field campaigns, petrographic analyses, and spectral measurements of rock samples were carried out in Tchollire and environs to verify the results from remotely sensed data. The analytical observations indicated the presence of quartz, epidote, chlorite, magnetite, haematite, sericite, galena, sulphide, telluride minerals, etc. Moreover, the target hydrothermal alteration zones were proved to be spatially associated with known mining areas and gold occurrences in the study area. Consequently, new prospective mining areas have been designated. This study confirmed the reliability and applicability of the processing of satellite imagery in mineral exploration in Northern Cameroon. It is suggested that the dataset used in this study provides a suitable tool for mapping hydrothermal alteration minerals linked to gold deposits and can be applied in other provinces with similar geological settings.

Luminescence depreciation in ScVO4:Bi3+ upon irradiation in the Bi3+-related absorption bands

Luminescence depreciation is evidenced in ScVO4:Bi3+ at room temperature upon LED irradiation at 375 nm. The depreciation amounts 50% of the initial emission intensity after 13 h under a power density of 4.8 mW/cm2. The process is accelerated upon warming. These deleterious phenomena are explained by the photo-stimulated oxidization of Bi3+ that is favored in ScVO4:Bi3+ by the presence of lattice defects adjacent to Bi3+.

Hydrothermal alteration mapping using ASTER data, Takab-Baneh area, NW Iran: a key for further exploration of polymetal deposits

A large number of polymetallic deposits exist in the Takab-Baneh area, NW Iran. Different methods such as minimum noise fraction (MNF), pixel purity index (PPI), n-D visualization, mixture tuned matched filtering (MTMF), relative absorption band depth (RBD), band ratio (BR), and principal component analysis (PCA) were used for extraction of alteration zone characteristics from ASTER data in the Takab-Baneh area. The overall accuracy of MTMF is around 97% for phyllic, and 98% for argillic propylitic, which validates the potential and suitability of ASTER imagery for classification of alteration type. Subsequently, the alteration maps were confirmed by ground-truthing, i.e., field observation and petrographic studies. The results show a wide distribution of three main phyllic, argillic and propylitic alteration zones, that can be considered as targets for future exploration in NW Iran.

Application of ASTER Data for Differentiating Carbonate Minerals and Evaluating MgO Content of Magnesite in the Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt, North China Craton

Numerous reports have successfully detected or differentiated carbonate minerals such as calcite and dolomite by using the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER). However, there is a need to determine whether existing methods can differentiate magnesite from other carbonate minerals. This study proposes optimal band ratio combinations and new thresholds to distinguish magnesite, dolomite, and calcite using ASTER shortwave-infrared (SWIR) data. These were determined based on the spectral and chemical analysis of rock samples collected from Liaoning, China and Danchon, North Korea and the reflectance values from ASTER images. The results demonstrated that the simultaneous use of thresholds 2.13 and 2.015 for relative absorption band depths (RBDs) of (6 + 8)/7 and (7 + 9)/8, respectively, was the most effective for magnesite differentiation. The use of RBDs and band ratios to discriminate between dolomite and calcite was sufficiently effective. However, talc, tremolite, clay, and their mixtures with dolomite and calcite, which are commonly found in the study area, hampered the classification. The assessment of the ASTER band ratios for magnesite grade according to magnesium oxide content indicated that a band ratio of 5/6 was the most effective for this purpose. Therefore, this study proved that ASTER SWIR data can be effectively utilized for the identification and grade assessment of magnesite on a regional scale.

Visible/near infrared reflectance (VNIR) spectral features of ion-exchangeable Rare earth elements hosted by clay minerals: Potential use for exploration of regolith-hosted REE deposits

Regolith-hosted ion-exchangeable rare earth element (REE) mineralization in South China dominate the global source of heavy REEs. The lack of studies on spectral features of ion-exchangeable REEs limits the application of visible/near infrared reflectance (VNIR, 350–2500 nm) spectroscopy for rapid identification of regolith-hosted REE deposits in prospective areas. This paper presents a systematic study on VNIR spectral features of ion-exchangeable REEs hosted by a series of synthetic REE-adsorbed clay minerals and natural regolith samples. The results show that ion-exchangeable Nd3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+ and Tm3+ display diagnostic absorption features at the bands of 730–870, 805, 641, 652, and 684 nm. Specifically, the Nd3+ related absorption bands of regolith samples at ~800 nm show a shoulder at ~802 nm that are distinguishable from unweathered primary REE(−bearing) minerals. The maxima of second derivative curves derived from the Nd3+ absorption at ~802 nm, M802_2nd, can be used to quantify variations of ion-exchangeable REEs in regoliths. Nevertheless, the absorption features of REE3+ ions could be subdued due to an overlapping problem caused by the broad absorption bands of Fe-oxides in the range of 700–900 nm. The obtained VNIR spectra of ion-exchangeable REEs provide critical supplement to spectral library for REE-bearing minerals. This study demonstrates that field-based VNIR spectroscopy can be deployed as a powerful tool for regional and deposit-scale exploration of regolith-hosted ion-exchangeable REE resources.

Multisource Data Analysis for Gold Potentiality Mapping of Atalla Area and Its Environs, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt

In this research, airborne geophysical and remote sensing datasets were integrated for gold potentiality mapping (GPM) over the Atalla area in Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. Utilizing aeromagnetic data, detailed structural complexity maps were constructed using the center for exploration targeting (CET) procedure. Then, spectrometric gamma-ray data primarily located hydrothermally altered tracts with discriminating various rock units. The latter are precisely outlined by implementing various techniques (false-color composite (FCC), band ratio (BR), relative absorption band depth (RBD), directed principal component analysis (DPCA), and constrained energy minimization (CEM)) to ASTER, Sentinel 2 and ALOS PRISM datasets, with reference to the geological maps. The study exhibits that gold mineralization is structurally controlled by NW-SE direction. The findings of structural complexity and hydrothermal alteration (argillic, advanced argillic, phyllic, and propylitic) were used as weighted inputs for contouring gold potentiality. The resultant GPM accentuated five gold-promising zones; two are confirmed via locations of ancient gold mines, while the remaining three zones are strongly recommended for their gold potentiality.

Thermally tunable polarization-insensitive ultra-broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber based on the coupled toroidal dipole modes.

In this paper, we propose a thermally tunable ultra-broadband polarization-insensitive terahertz (THz) metamaterial absorber (MMA) excited by the toroidal dipole moments. Due to the destructive interference resulting from two anti-parallel toroidal dipole moments, which depends on the twelve-fold trapezoidal metallic loops rotated by the axis parallel to the z-axis, the proposed MMA can achieve the absorption over 0.9 in a wide band of 2.38-21.13 THz, whose relative absorption band is 159.5%, at the temperature of 340 K. Meanwhile, by virtue of tuning the conductivity of vanadium dioxide (VO2) controlled by temperature, the tunability of absorption, maximum reaching 0.57, in the above band can be attained. On the other hand, the MMA is insensitive to the polarization angle owing to its symmetric configuration and can simultaneously keep the absorption above 0.9 in the high-frequency band from 15 to 25 THz under the incidence with a large angle of nearly 60°. In this study, a new way to enhance the absorption in a wide band which is based on the toroidal dipole modes is presented. Such a metamaterial can assist in further understanding the underlying mechanism with respect to the toroidal dipole electromagnetic responses.

Integration of concentration-area fractal model and relative absorption band depth method for mapping hydrothermal alterations using ASTER data

Those image processing methods which use both spatial and spectral properties of remotely sensed images often increase accuracy of image classification. In this study, the concentration-area (C-A) fractal model and Relative absorption Band Depth (RBD) were applied to map hydrothermal alteration zones using ASTER data covering the northern part of Rabor area, Iran. Based on the field observations and spectral analysis of rock samples, three types of RBD were calculated and applied to map hydrothermal altered rocks (RBD6 for phyllic, RBD8 for propylitic, and RBD5 for argillic). A log-log plot of area-digital number value for RBD images showed that there are three populations in each image. Representation of these populations revealed that the third population of each RBD has enhanced separation of alteration zones. To verify the results, a spectral library of ground rock samples was built and used to compare with 10 spectra derived from each image. Spectral Angle Mapping, Spectral Feature Fitting, and Binary Encoding were applied to assess the matching of image spectra with the spectral library spectra. Results confirmed that third population of RBD6 and RBD8 contain pure pixels of phyllic and propylitic alterations, respectively whereas there are some interference between argillic and phyllic alterations in RBD5.

Photoluminescence of the undoped and Bi3+ - Doped Ca3Ga2Ge3O12 garnets

Photoluminescence characteristics of the undoped and Bi3+ - doped Ca3Ga2Ge3O12 garnets are investigated in the 4.2–500 K temperature range by the methods of steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy. The Bi3+ ions substituting for Ca2+ ions in the garnet Ca3Ga2Ge3O12 and parasitic Ca5Ge3O11 phases are revealed by the X-ray diffraction method. Under excitation in the Bi3+ - related absorption band, the ultraviolet and visible emissions are observed in Ca3Ga2Ge3O12:Bi. The ultraviolet emission bands are ascribed to the radiative decay of the triplet relaxed excited state of Bi3+ ions having different nearest surroundings. A visible emission is found to arise from an exciton localized around a Bi3+ ion. The suggestion is made that the lowest-energy excited level of Bi3+ is located close to the bottom of the conduction band of Ca3Ga2Ge3O12. The mechanisms of the processes, resulting in the appearance of luminescence of the undoped and Bi3+ - doped Ca3Ga2Ge3O12 garnets, are discussed.

Mapping of Ophiolitic Complex in Logar and Surrounding Areas (SE Afghanistan) With ASTER Data

Ophiolites are the distinctive assemblage of mafic to ultramafic rocks and represent the abducted remnant of oceanic crust that was overthrust onto continental crust. Such types of rocks are rare around the world. One of the largest mafic–ultramafic complexes with an apparent area of about 2000 km2 is in the southeast of Afghanistan between two active sinistral strike-slip faults within Logar and surrounding provinces. This study aims to discriminate, characterize, and separate the ophiolitic complex within Logar and adjacent regions in Afghanistan using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data. In this study, four different methods; Mineral Spectral Indices (SI), Band Ratios (BR), Relative Absorption Band Depth (RBD), and Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), are applied to discriminate and separate the ophiolitic complex. SAM classifier is an efficient way to distinguish the selected surface mineral assemblage using USGS spectral library. The combination of SAM and refined MI yields efficient discrimination of mafic–ultramafic rocks with their alteration minerals around. Detailed mapping of the ophiolitic complex and associated rocks was achieved using refined MI, Band Ration 4/8, and relative absorption band depth (RBD). The field works verified the results from ASTER data.

Origin of luminescence in Bi3+ - doped lanthanide niobates

Photoluminescence characteristics of the undoped and Bi3+-doped lanthanide niobates are investigated by the steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy methods in a wide temperature range of 4.2–500 K. The broad visible emission bands with the large Stokes shifts are found to arise from the triplet relaxed excited states characterized by a small (∼1 meV) spin-orbit splitting energy. This indicates the exciton-like origin of all the observed emission bands. The data allow to conclude that the Bi3+-related triplet relaxed excited state is located inside the conduction band. No ultraviolet emission caused by the radiative decay of the triplet relaxed excited state of a Bi3+ ion is observed. The dependences of the emission intensity on the Bi3+ content indicate that the complex visible emission band of the Bi3+-doped niobates consists of two main, the higher-energy and the lower-energy, components arising from the excitons localized around the single Bi3+ ions and the {Bi3+ - Bi3+} dimers, respectively. The processes resulting in the appearance of the exciton-like emission under photoexcitation in the Bi3+-related absorption bands are discussed.

Mapping of Intrusive Complex on a Small Scale Using Multi-Source Remote Sensing Images

Multi-stage intrusive complex mapping plays an important role in regional mineralization research. The similarity of lithology characteristics between different stages of intrusions necessitates the use of richer spectral bands, while higher spatial resolution is also essential in small-scale research. In this paper, a multi-source remote sensing data application method was proposed. This method includes a spectral synergy process based on statistical regression and a fusion process using Gram–Schmidt (GS) spectral sharpening. We applied the method with Gaofen-2 (GF2), Sentinel-2, and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data to the mapping of the Mountain Sanfeng intrusive complex in northwest China in which Carboniferous intrusions have been proven to be directly related to the formation of Au deposits in the area. The band ratio (BR) and relative absorption band depth (RBD) were employed to enhance the spectral differences between two stage intrusions, and the Red-Green-Blue (RGB) false colour of the BR and RBD enhancement images performed well in the west and centre. Excellent enhancement results were obtained by making full use of all bands of the synergistic image and using the Band Ratio Matrix (BRM)-Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method in the northeast part of the study area. A crucial improvement in enhancement performance by the GS fusion process and spectral synergy process was thus shown. An accurate mapping result was obtained at the Mountain Sanfeng intrusive complex. This method could support small-scale regional geological survey and mineralization research in this region.

Landsat-7 and ASTER remote sensing satellite imagery for identification of iron skarn mineralization in metamorphic regions

The use of satellite remote sensing imagery for mineral exploration is a fast and low-cost approach for indicating high potential zones. Exploration of iron skarn mineralization in metamorphic regions is challenging during the fieldwork campaign. In this study, Landsat-7 and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite imagery were used for mapping alteration zones and geological structures associated with iron skarn mineralization in the Galali region, NW, Iran. Band ratio and Directed Principal Component Analysis (DPCA) and Automatic Lineament Extraction methods were applied to Landsat-7 data. Relative Absorption Band Depth (RBD) and Constrained Energy Minimization (CEM) algorithms were implemented to ASTER data. Fieldwork and laboratory analysis were conducted to verify the remote sensing results. Results indicate that propylitic alteration zone and intersection of N–S and NW–SE and curvilinear features are typically associated with iron skarn mineralization and some high potential zones are identified for future exploration projects.

A Remote Sensing-Based Application of Bayesian Networks for Epithermal Gold Potential Mapping in Ahar-Arasbaran Area, NW Iran

Mapping hydrothermal alteration minerals using multispectral remote sensing satellite imagery provides vital information for the exploration of porphyry and epithermal ore mineralizations. The Ahar-Arasbaran region, NW Iran, contains a variety of porphyry, skarn and epithermal ore deposits. Gold mineralization occurs in the form of epithermal veins and veinlets, which is associated with hydrothermal alteration zones. Thus, the identification of hydrothermal alteration zones is one of the key indicators for targeting new prospective zones of epithermal gold mineralization in the Ahar-Arasbaran region. In this study, Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ (Landsat-7 ETM+), Landsat-8 and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) multispectral remote sensing datasets were processed to detect hydrothermal alteration zones associated with epithermal gold mineralization in the Ahar-Arasbaran region. Band ratio techniques and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied on Landsat-7 ETM+ and Landsat-8 data to map hydrothermal alteration zones. Advanced argillic, argillic-phyllic, propylitic and hydrous silica alteration zones were detected and discriminated by implementing band ratio, relative absorption band depth (RBD) and selective PCA to ASTER data. Subsequently, the Bayesian network classifier was used to synthesize the thematic layers of hydrothermal alteration zones. A mineral potential map was generated by the Bayesian network classifier, which shows several new prospective zones of epithermal gold mineralization in the Ahar-Arasbaran region. Besides, comprehensive field surveying and laboratory analysis were conducted to verify the remote sensing results and mineral potential map produced by the Bayesian network classifier. A good rate of agreement with field and laboratory data is achieved for remote sensing results and consequential mineral potential map. It is recommended that the Bayesian network classifier can be broadly used as a valuable model for fusing multi-sensor remote sensing results to generate mineral potential map for reconnaissance stages of epithermal gold exploration in the Ahar-Arasbaran region and other analogous metallogenic provinces around the world.

Multispectral and Radar Data for the Setting of Gold Mineralization in the South Eastern Desert, Egypt

Satellite-based multi-sensor data coupled with field and microscopic investigations are used to unravel the setting and controls of gold mineralization in the Wadi Beitan–Wadi Rahaba area in the South Eastern Desert of Egypt. The satellite-based multispectral and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data promoted a vibrant litho-tectonic understanding and abetted in assessing the regional structural control of the scattered gold occurrences in the study area. The herein detailed approach includes band rationing, principal component and independent component analyses, directional filtering, and automated and semi-automated lineament extraction techniques to Landsat 8- Operational Land Imager (OLI), Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR), and Sentinel-1B data. Results of optical and SAR data processed as grayscale raster images of band ratios, Relative Absorption Band Depth (RBD), and (mafic–carbonate–hydrous) mineralogical indices are used to extract the representative pixels (regions of interest). The extracted pixels are then converted to vector shape files and are finally imported into the ArcMap environment. Similarly, manually and automatically extracted lineaments are merged with the band ratios and mineralogical indices vector layers. The data fusion approach used herein reveals no particular spatial association between gold occurrences and certain lithological units, but shows a preferential distribution of gold–quartz veins in zones of chlorite–epidote alteration overlapping with high-density intersections of lineaments. Structural features including en-echelon arrays of quartz veins and intense recrystallization and sub-grain development textures are consistent with vein formation and gold deposition syn-kinematic with the host shear zones. The mineralized, central-shear quartz veins, and the associated strong stretching lineation affirm vein formation amid stress build-up and stress relaxation of an enduring oblique convergence (assigned as Najd-related sinistral transpression; ~640–610 Ma). As the main outcome of this research, we present a priority map with zones defined as high potential targets for undiscovered gold resources.