Reinforcement Of Polyamide Research Articles

Reinforcement of polyamide 6 with carbon fiber surface modified by a polar cross-linked network interfacial phase

Carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 (CF/PA6) composite materials have low relative density, high specific strength, and high specific modulus. However, the surface of the CF is smooth and chemically inert, resulting in poor interfacial adhesion in CF/PA6 composites, thereby limiting its application range. Herein, an epoxy resin emulsifier with hydrophilic ends and lipophilic middle was synthesized. After sizing, the surface chemical activity and roughness of the CF were higher. The tensile strength of the prepared CF/PA6 composite material was increased by 38.6%, and the impact strength was increased by 26.4%. By testing the tensile strength and wettability of the CF, as well as the dynamic thermomechanical properties and rheological behavior of the CF/PA6 composites, the influence of the sizing agent on the properties of CF and the interfacial properties of CF/PA6 composites was evaluated, and its mechanism of action is discussed herein.

The effect of electrophoretic deposition p‐aminobenzenesulfonamide grafted CNT on mechanical properties of carbon fiber filled polyamide 6 composite

The surface treatment of carbon fiber is carried out by electrophoretic deposition of p‐aminobenzenesulfonamide grafted carbon nanotube (CNT), and it is used as a reinforcement of polyamide 6. The monofilament tensile test and XPS were used to study the effect of p‐aminobenzenesulfonamide concentration on the tensile strength and surface functional groups of carbon fiber monofilaments. The results show that the higher the p‐aminobenzenesulfonamide concentration, the greater the decrease in the mechanical properties of carbon fibers, and the greater the content of oxygen‐containing functional groups on the surface. It is preferred that carbon fiber and thermoplastic polyamide 6 with higher retention rate of monofilament tensile strength and rich oxygen‐containing functional group content are made into composite materials, and the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) is evaluated.

Reinforcement of Polyamide 6 and Its Montmorillonite Composites by Introducing Maleinized Low-Molecular-Mass Polybutadiene Rubber

Reinforcement of Polyamide 6 and Its Montmorillonite Composites by Introducing Maleinized Low-Molecular-Mass Polybutadiene Rubber

Reinforcement of polyamide 6/66 with a 9,9′-bis(aryl)fluorene-modified cellulose nanofiber

We synthesized cellulose nanofiber (CNF) modified with 9,9′-bis(aryl)fluorene, which has cardo moieties (BCNF), and evaluated the properties of its polyamide 6/66 (PA) composites. As a result, it was revealed that BCNF was well dispersed in PA and had a strong reinforcing effect—even in a temperature range above the glass transition temperature—compared with unmodified CNF due to the high interface affinity between BCNF and PA. We synthesized cellulose nanofiber (CNF) modified with 9,9′-bis(aryl)fluorene, possessing cardo moieties (BCNF), and evaluated the properties of its polyamide 6/66 (PA) composites. As a result, it was revealed that BCNF was well dispersed in PA and had a strong reinforcing effect—even in a temperature range above the glass transition temperature—compared with unmodified CNF. This is attributed to the improvement of the interface affinity between BCNF and PA derived from the bulky and hydrophobic structure of BPFG.

The design method of rubber-metallic expansion joint

Abstract The paper present the method of designing a rubber expansion joints, intended for operation in the pressure class 25 bar. During the design used a numerical analysis,which based on the finite element method (FEM). The results from experimental test were used to correctly modeled the rubber or polyamide reinforcement. Basis on the obtained results, the hyperelastic model of the rubber was prepared, then the design of the rubber expansion joint was tested in different load case, i.e tensile or compressive deflection and pressurization.

The Effect of the Polyamide Reinforcement on Mechanical Properties of Fluorocarbon Rubbers Exposed in Aggressive Environment

The aim of presented study was to select a proper material for caterpillar application in mobile robots. The fluorocarbon rubbers were chosen for investigation. The samples hardness of 40 and 50 Sh⁰A either without or with polyamide reinforcement were prepared. The uniaxial tensile tests on mini-samples were carried out. The tests were performed on virgin samples as well as on previously exposed for one hour in aggressive liquids. The changes of the surface before and after the exposition were observed via SEM. The relation between the surface changes and the mechanical properties were described

Mechanical properties of polyamide 6 reinforced microfibrilar composites

The mechanical behavior of microfibrilar composites (MFC), consisting of a matrix of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and reinforcement of polyamide 6 (PA6) fibrils, with and without compatibilization, was studied. The composites were produced by conventional processing techniques with various shape and arrangement of the PA6 reinforcing entities: long, unidirectional, or crossed bundles of fibrils (UDP and CPC, respectively), middle-length, randomly oriented bristles (MRB), or non-oriented micrometric PA6 spheres (NOM). The tensile, flexural, and impact properties of the MFC materials (UDP, CPC, and MRB) were determined as a function of the PA6 reinforcement shape, alignment and content, and compared with those of NOM, the non-fibrous composite. It was concluded that the in-situ MFC materials based on HDPE/PA6 blends display improvements in the mechanical behavior when compared with the neat HDPE matrix, e.g., up to 33% for the Young modulus, up to 119% for the ultimate tensile strength, and up to 80% for the flexural stiffness. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers

Reinforcement of Polyamide 6 with Nanoparticles

AbstractPolyamide 6 has been reinforced by in situ polymerization of ε‐caprolactam by using either 2 wt % of multiwall carbon nanotubes of two different diameters and length or 2 wt % functionalized nonporous Stöber silica. The carbon nanotubes were synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition of ethylene over two different supports: iron particles supported on MCM41 mesoporous silica and iron‐cobalt particles on CaCO3, in order to produce multiwall carbon nanotubes with average diameter of 32 and 58 nm respectively. The Stöber silica particles with diameters of 85 nm and 150 nm were functionalized with 3‐aminotrimethoxypropyl silane. The thermal stability of nanotubes/Polyamide 6 nanocomposites increases compared to the neat polyamide 6, and this increase is even larger when the functionalized silica nanoparticles are used as a filler. The crystallinity of polyamide is enhanced when carbon nanotubes are functionalized, but it decreases with or without functionalization of the silica particles. The nanotubes increase the temperature of crystallization in the nanocomposites due to the reduction in the mobility of polymer chains.

Reinforcement of polyamide 6 with thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer

AbstractThe in‐situ composites of polyamide 6 (PA 6)/liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) were investigated from the standpoint of fibrillation of LCP to develop a new high performance gear material for heavy load use that is superior to conventional plastic gears made of polyacetal (POM). LCP used was a wholly aromatic copolyester. PA 6 was chosen as the matrix polymer because of its excellent fatigue resistance. Extrusion of PA 6 added with LCP from 10 to 30 vol% was carried out at a temperature between 260 and 290°C by a twin screw extruder and take‐up equipment. Insitu fibrillation of LCP droplets, which were dispersed in PA 6 matrix, took place during the process. Injection molding of the composites was followed at a temperature below the softening point of LCP fibrils so as to keep the fibrils as extruded. Key factors for fibrillation of LCP were found as follows: (1) control of stress relaxation of LCP when the melt passes through the die‐head, (2) the optimum temperature of nent, (3) the optimum LCP content, and (4) addition of a small amount of 3rd component. A gear made of in‐situ composite of PA 6/LCP (30 vol%) added with 2‐functional epoxy resin (2.5 phr) was found to bear a load about 1.2 times heavier than a POM gear.