Rehabilitation Of Mental Disorders Research Articles

Individual characteristics of adolescent psychiatric patients accessing psychotherapy in China

Most mental health problems develop during childhood and adolescence, so identifying the mental health needs and care pathways of adolescents is crucial to improving prevention. This study aimed to understand the characteristics of adolescent patients with mental disorders receiving psychotherapy in China. Data were collected retrospectively from the psychotherapy records of 116 patients at the Weifang Mental Health Centre. Information collected included demographics, stressors, duration of psychotherapy, and clinical diagnosis. Chi-square tests and negative binomial regression models were used to explore the relationship between demographic and clinical variables. The results showed that depression was the most common diagnosis, followed by anxiety and stress-related disorders and bipolar and related disorders. Rural patients were more likely to report family stress, while urban patients were more likely to report school stress. Female patients were more likely to report family stress and to be diagnosed with depression. Family stress, social stress, school stress, patient origin and economic conditions were all significant predictors of the duration of psychological treatment. This study helps to understand the characteristics and psychotherapeutic needs of adolescents with mental disorders who receive psychotherapy in China so that the positive role of psychotherapy in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of mental disorders can be better utilised.

Personalization of virtual reality for treatment of mental disorders by using a unified morphometric indicator

IntroductionThe search for approaches to creating a precision personalized virtual reality for the treatment of mental disorders is urgent. (Belkasim, 2005; Park M.J. et all., 2019).ObjectivesTo develop a new approach to personalize the form of virtual reality content to the neurophysiological and anatomical parameters of the patient’s brain, to improve the quality of precision VR therapy for mental disorders.MethodsThe MRI study was carried out on a GE Optima 450w apparatus with a magnetic field induction of 1.5 Tesla. We used a radio frequency coil for the head. T1-weighted images were obtained with a field of view (FOV) of 24.4 x 14.8 cm and a slice thickness of 0.5 mm. Later, the images were built in three standard mutually perpendicular planes. Measurements were carried out using standard tools on an eFilm 4.0 WorkStation. FreeSurfer 4.5.0 was used to calculate the surface area of the cerebral hemispheres. To estimate the surface area of the room and the design of the shape in VR closed environment Autodesk AutoCAD 2018.ResultsA new approach to personalization of the form of virtual reality content has been developed (Patent No. RU (11) 2 668 697 (13) C1, 2018;Patent No. RU (11) 2 753 234 (13) C1, 2020). It is based on the use a single morphometric indicator for a closed VR space and brain.ConclusionsResearch and applied analysis of the developed approach is required. The development of this area will make it possible to create precision products for the therapy and rehabilitation of mental disorders.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Modern system approach to the diagnosis, therapy and rehabilitation of mental disorders

IntroductionThe current stage of research on mental disorders is associated with the use of system approaches to the development of the scientific foundations of psychiatric care.ObjectivesApproach to solving problems that arise in the diagnosis of psychopathological conditions, assessing their severity, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of psychosocial treatment and rehabilitation.MethodsClinical, psychometric, system analysis methods and algorithms of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) [1] were used.ResultsWhen assessing a patient’s condition and behavior, it is necessary to make decisions (diagnosis, development of treatment and rehabilitation plans) based on heterogeneous information (genetic, neuronal and environmental, involving individual characteristics, as well as family and social context). This information is hierarchically organized and includes quantitative and qualitative data. Exposure at each of these different levels can affect the onset and course of the disease, and therefore should be considered in primary prevention and subsequent psychosocial therapy and rehabilitation of patients. Analysis of the problems of assessing psychopathological states and related psychosocial problems shows that these problems can be presented in the form of appropriate hierarchies, the structure of which must be taken into account when processing the initial information. The main advantages of the AHP include the use of the relationship scale (fundamental scale) for processing heterogeneous data based on expert, clinical information.ConclusionsThe approach provides correct integration of heterogeneous characteristics when considering diagnostic procedures, psychosocial therapy and rehabilitation.1. Mitikhin V.G., Solokhina T.A. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, 2019, 2: 49-54. doi:10.17116/jnevro201911902149

Psychotherapeutic correction and rehabilitation of mental disorders in pregnant women with threatened miscarriage

Objective: to study the efficiency of psychotherapeutic correction of mental disorders in pregnant women with threatened miscarriage. Patients and methods. Psychotherapy for mental disorders and prenosological conditions was performed in 84 pregnant women aged 18 to 41 years with threatened miscarriage. The efficiency of performed measures was evaluated using the quality of life questionnaire, Spielberger–Hanin’s scale, and a therapy efficiency assessment scale in patients with borderline states. Delivery outcomes were analyzed in relation to management tactics in this cohort of pregnant women. The health status of newborn infants was assessed by the neonatologists of maternity hospitals. Results and discussion . After psychotherapeutic correction, the quality-of-life indicators in the pregnant women with threatened miscarriage from the study group were significantly higher than in those from the comparison group. The level of reactive and personality anxiety significantly decreased in the pregnant women in the study group. The pregnant women with the asthenic variant of prenosological conditions and those who had ICD-10 diagnoses F40-48 were most successful in the context of psychotherapeutic rehabilitation. Sporadic cases of incomplete recovery were noted when psychotherapeutical support was got. In the study group, pregnancy resulted in full-term babies in 100% of the women. In the pregnant women with prenosological conditions and mental disorders from the study group, parturition proceeded significantly more rapidly than in those from the comparison study. Significantly higher physical quotients were found in the newborn babies from the study group parturients. The psychotherapy that supplements the complex system of therapeutic measures has been shown to be highly effective in the women with threatened miscarriage accompanied by mental disorders.

China’s New Mental Health Law: Reframing Involuntary Treatment

China’s New Mental Health Law: Reframing Involuntary Treatment

A greater focus on prevention and rehabilitation.

The passage of China's national mental health law on 26 October 2012 by the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) was a milestone event for patients with mental disorders, for the clinicians who treat them, and for the community at large. Prior to the release of the law, several surveys about the law had been conducted with different target groups in different parts of the country. Most of the surveys focused on issues of central concern to psychiatrists – the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders – which are addressed in Chapter III of the law. But, as stated in Article 3 of the law, ‘…mental health work should adhere to the concept of integrating prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation,’ so it is also important to discuss and debate the components of the law that focus on the prevention (Chapter II) and rehabilitation (Chapter IV) of mental disorders. There is much less research about the community-based prevention and rehabilitation of mental disorders than about the treatment of mental disorders, so the suggested options for achieving these goals in the law are, necessarily, largely based on expert opinion, not on scientific research.

Mental health system in China: history, recent service reform and future challenges

This paper summarizes the history of the development of Chinese mental health system; the current situation in the mental health field that China has to face in its effort to reform the system, including mental health burden, workforce and resources, as well as structural issues; the process of national mental health service reform, including how it was included into the national public health program, how it began as a training program and then became a treatment and intervention program, its unique training and capacity building model, and its outcomes and impacts; the barriers and challenges of the reform process; future suggestions for policy; and Chinese experiences as response to the international advocacy for the development of mental health.

Mental Health Care Reforms in Latin America: Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in Mexico

Mental Health Care Reforms in Latin America: Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in Mexico

The British Mental Health Survey Programme: achievements and latest findings

TheBritish National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey Programme (http://www.mentalhealthsurveys.co.uk/) started in 1993, and it seems timely now, with the publication of the most recent survey [39], to take stock of its impact on our understanding of mental disorders and of what the next steps should be. The survey programme was designed to improve knowledge and understanding of mental illness, its causes and consequences, in order to inform governmental objectives for mental health [18]. These comprised prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of mental disorders; improvement of quality of life; prevention of mortality; provision of services and interventions; mental health promotion; tackling fear, ignorance and stigma around mental illness; and continued research into the causes, consequences and care of specific mental disorders, together with their contribution to social exclusion. The survey programme has provided a key source of continuous information to government, commissioners and researchers. Most recently it has informed the Foresight Report on Mental Capital and Wellbeing (www.foresight.gov.uk, [8]).

Regional Collaboration in Reconstruction of Mental Health Services in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The war in the former Yugoslavia between 1991 and 1995 destroyed the mainly hospital-based mental health care system in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This report summarizes the situation before and after the war and describes efforts to rebuild and reform mental health services under politically and economically challenging conditions. As a result of these efforts, there are now 39 multidisciplinary community mental health centers that are linked to primary care and that aim to provide prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of mental disorders. The reform process has been supported by international initiatives and is now continuing in collaboration with other countries in South Eastern Europe.

Prävention - ein Thema für die sozialpsychiatrische Forschung?

Currently, substantial effort is made to establish prevention as one of the main parts of the German health care system. In this context we investigated the current role of prevention in social-psychiatric research. We analysed original papers published in the journal Psychiatrische Praxis in the years 2003-2004 by computer-aided full text analysis. 16.5 % of the studies mentioned prevention, in one fourth of these, prevention was the main topic. Subject of these papers were suicide prevention in psychiatric patients, relapse prevention in mentally ill offenders, and prevention of acute confusional state after hip surgery. Most of the work was dedicated to tertiary prevention, followed by secondary prevention. Two papers mentioned primary preventive aspects and only one report was dedicated to primary prevention as a main topic. Although early diagnosis and intervention as well as rehabilitation of mental disorders are main topics of social psychiatry, only few reports relate explicitly to prevention. The role of social psychiatry in primary prevention has to be defined.