A literature search has been performed with the use of sources that contain information on the effects of nutrition on the processes of restoring the functional state and nutrition at the stages of rehabilitation using such key words as «nutritional support», «rehabilitation nutrition», «rational nutrition», «recovery diet». The search was carried out in medical databases Pub Med, Medline, Google Scholar.
 According to the World Health Organization, a healthy diet is a decisive factor in the prevention and treatment of non‑communicable chronic diseases. People who follow a healthy diet tend to live longer and have a lower risk of obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and some types of cancers. Over the last decades, the increased attention has been paid to nutrition not only as an important preventive factor, but also as a key component of rehabilitation treatment. Rehabilitation is aimed at the restoration of the functioning of an organism. In these aspects, nutritional interventions have the potential to enhance the rehabilitation effect. Nutritional support at the stages of rehabilitation makes it possible to provide the body with the necessary nutrients, create conditions for better tissue regeneration, reduce the phenomena of chronic inflammation, and maintain the optimal body weight of patients. As the volume of rehabilitation interventions increases, there is a growing need for appropriate nutrients, necessitating adjustments to the dietary regimen. The physiological response to injury, tissue damage, or immobilization can be improved through the optimization of macroelement composition, caloric intake, timing of nutrient consumption, and the use of appropriate dietary supplements. Nutritional support, appropriate nutritional interventions and metabolic modulation can significantly improve the results of treatment of disorders and injuries of the musculoskeletal system and increase the level of rehabilitation of such patients. Determining the necessary volume of nutritional support at the stages of treatment and rehabilitation of patients of various profiles is an urgent problem of medicine and requires scientific research.