Regulatory Provisions Research Articles

Legal Protection of Rights to Cryptocurrency: Contemporary Narrative, Problems and Prospects

Based on the analysis of legal norms, explanations provided by the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, and legal practice, it can be concluded that issues related to the judicial protection of cryptocurrencies, including through the use of criminal law and criminal procedure, have not been subject to consistent regulation within the current legislative framework. This poses a threat to the possibility to prosecute individuals involved in cryptocurrency theft and the accessibility of legal remedies for those who became victims of such cases. The authors conclude that at present the legal narrative has been established, which effectively serves as a sole source of the law enforcement practice in the absence of comprehensive regulatory provisions. The authors have formulated some proposals for the improvement of the existing legislation aimed at addressing the identified and researched legislative ambiguities and ensuing the access of cryptocurrency owners to the judicial protection of their rights.

PELAKSANAAN PEMBERDAYAAN PEMBINAAN DAN PENGAWASAN ORGANISASI KEMASYARAKATAN DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH

The government wants to foster and empower mass organizations by managing the activities of mass organizations not to take actions that are contrary to the sovereignty of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The reality that occurs in the field is often inconsistent with the objectives of the law. law, for example regarding the problem of mass organizations in Central Lombok Regency which resulted in the formulation of the problem: 1) How is the legality of Community Organizations in Central Lombok Regency? 2) How is the implementation of empowerment, guidance and supervision of CBOs in Central Lombok Regency, 3) What are the obstacles faced by the Regional Government in implementing the empowerment, guidance and supervision of Community Organizations in Central Lombok Regency. The research method used is an empirical research method. The conclusions obtained are 1) CSOs in Central Lombok district have a legal basis because they have regulations as a legal basis and several CSOs have been registered with Bakesbangpol, 2) Empowerment, guidance and supervision of CSOs in Central Lombok Regency has been carried out by the local government by way of : Empowerment: through policy facilitation, strengthening institutional capacity, and improving the quality of human resources, Guidance: counseling, public consultation, and training, Supervision: supervision carried out by opening a complaint service for organizations that are indicated to be carrying out activities that are not in accordance with regulatory provisions legislation and granting and revoking permits for mass organizations. 3) The obstacles faced are as follows: a. There are still many CSOs that carry out activities outside the field of activity listed in the AD/ART, b) Many CSOs are reluctant to report their existence at Bakesbangpol Central Lombok Regency so they are not registered in the Ormas data, c) Addresses of secretariats and CSOs and Ormas management often changes.

OVERVIEW OF REGULATORY AND LEGAL SECURITY OF INVENTORY ACCOUNTING OF COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES

The work deals with the regulatory and legal provision of inventory accounting of trading enterprises

COLLECTION OF MONEY OR GOODS: LEGAL CERTAINTY and STATE RESPONSIBILITY

This research aims to analyze the legal certainty of collecting money or goods in the midst of society, as well as what is the responsibility of the state that must be carried out in accordance with regulatory provisions. The type of research used is Normative Empirical legal research. The results obtained through literature studies and empirical data are then analyzed by the Normative Empirical method. The results showed that: 1). Legal certainty for the collection of money and goods in the community and the responsibility of the state which is tasked with overseeing the development of the collection of money and goods in Indonesia. 2) The fact of the development of philanthropic institutions in Indonesia is reviewed in the concept of philanthropy in Indonesia. Then the process of collecting money and goods must be in line with regulations.

Productivity of Cherry Tomato Cultivars as Influenced by Watering Capacities and Microclimate Control Designs

Background: Cherry tomatoes remain relatively expensive due to limited public knowledge, few producers, and lower productivity rates in Indonesia. Although cherry tomatoes are increasingly popular in modern marketplaces, they are still uncommon in traditional markets. Cherry tomatoes have an enormous economic impact on many regions, particularly Indonesia, in the broader agricultural environment. Their cultivation, however, may be impacted by problems with water supply and climatic regulation. By evaluating how various watering capacity and microclimate control strategies affect cherry tomato productivity, this study seeks to address these challenges. The research is anticipated to offer farmers and agricultural practitioners useful information to improve cherry tomato output in response to market demands and sustainability concerns. Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the effect of cultivars on the growth, yield, and quality of cherry tomatoes. Methods: The research is designed to determine the effect of each cultivar (Ruby, Fortesa), watering capacities (100% ETc, 75% ETc, 50% ETc), and microclimate control designs (Greenhouse, Rain shelter, Screen house) on the growth, yield, and quality of cherry tomatoes. Results: The cultivar Fortesa produced the highest possible fruit, biological yield per plant, maximum marketable fruit output, greater growth index, maximum fruit firmness, and water use efficiency. The cultivar Ruby performed better in terms of root-shoot ratio and fruit elasticity. The greenhouse produced the highest possible fruit and biological yield per plant, marketable fruit yield, growth index, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit firmness, elasticity and water use efficiency. In the watering capacities treatment condition, 100% ETC was more significant for parameters, such as marketable fruit yield, root-shoot ratio, growth index, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit firmness, and elasticity. Conclusion: Growing cherry tomato cultivar Fortesa in a greenhouse using a watering capacity of 100% ETc under the results is recommended. These conditions have improved fruit quality, making them favorable options for successful cherry tomato cultivar production.

Group concerns and communication and cooperation between practitioners under the European Insolvency Regulation (Part I)

AbstractIn this article, the author examines with a specific focus on the Insolvency Practitioner to what extent the Recast European Insolvency Regulation's provisions on communication, cooperation and coordination between the main actors in group companies' insolvency proceedings allow for efficient restructurings of those group companies. In doing so, the author will, at points, compare the provisions in Chapter V of the Recast European Insolvency Regulation to—and draw inspiration from—the German provisions on groups of companies that were adopted into the German Insolvency Act (Insolvenzordnung) and the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law's Model Law on Enterprise Group Insolvency. The author also aims to outline, among other things, the various forms of (cross‐border) communication, cooperation and coordination that the Recast European Insolvency Regulation obligates insolvency practitioners of groups of companies to engage in, how they should implement those forms of ‘CoCo’ and what would happen if they fail to comply with those obligations. This article is Part I of a diptych on this topic, Part II of which will be published in a subsequent issue of this journal.

PENDUGAAN STATUS STOK DAN INDIKATOR BIOEKONOMI PERIKANAN KERAPU DI TELUK SALEH, NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

One of the challenges in managing small-scale fisheries with limited data is the need for indicators to estimate the stock status and the total allowable catch for sustainable utilization of fish resources. This study aims to estimate the stock status, catch, and optimal fishing effort of the grouper fishery in Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara Province by using the Length-based Spawning Potential Ratio analysis, production surplus model, and bioeconomic approach. Based on the results of this study, it is known that Plectopomus leopardus and Epinephelus coioides are in overexploited condition, while Plectropomus maculatus is in fully exploited status. This study also shows that with a bioeconomic approach, optimal conditions for grouper fisheries in these waters are achieved when the catch is 3,862.1 tonnes per year. The results of this study underline the importance of maximum economic yield-based management as a framework for a fishing quota-based system as an additional instrument in implementing sustainable fishery management in the future. The success of applying the quota system and the total allowable effort is determined by the accuracy of the catch data of small vessels around Saleh Bay under regulatory provisions, supervision and effective law enforcement, the socio-cultural conditions of local communities and the level of compliance with regulations.Keywords: fishing effort, grouper, overfished, quota system.

Regulatory and legal provision of financial security in Ukraine

The article, based on a comprehensive systematic analysis of national legislation in the field of financial security, considers the problems of building a system of legal acts, which are closely related to many topical issues of jurisprudence, first of all, to the creation of a unified legal space of Ukraine and the problem of the effectiveness of legal regulation. A legal act is considered as one that expresses the will of the subject of law and a decision drawn up in the established order, designed to achieve socially positive goals (regulate social relations) and carries certain legal consequences.
 All these questions need scientific understanding. The goal is to solve the scientific task of developing a complex of theoretical provisions and practical recommendations regarding the formation of a mechanism for ensuring the financial security of Ukraine.
 The article uses methods of analysis and synthesis, formal-logical, financial-economic, com­parative-legal, historical, systemic, analytical, sta­tistical. It was determined that financial security was studied as a dynamic phenomenon, that in a practical sense, security should be understood as a property (state) of finances in which the probability of undesirable changes in some of their qualities is not higher, but not lower than certain limits.
 The correlation between various legislative acts is carried out. It was investigated that financial security does not exist for the sake of security as such, but is aimed at ensuring expanded reproduction, achieving economic growth and increasing the welfare of the people, which was reflected in the interpretation of the concept of financial security. The interpretation of the concept of "ensuring financial security” has been clarified, which is proposed to be considered as an activity of the state and society, aimed at the implementation of a national idea, at the protection of national values and interests in the financial sphere, which is implemented through the support of financial stability, which is expressed in the form of a balance of independent links and elements financial system of the state.

Cross-Country Perspective: Imposing Sanctions on Grab Partners with Invalid Identities in Indonesia and Singapore

Technology continues to advance as time evolves. Conventional transportation methods have long been the preferred choice for individuals heading to specific destinations. However, the emergence of online-based transportation services like Grab has made it easier for people to move around by simply using the GrabAppon their smartphones. While the GrabApphas brought numerous benefits to society it also comes with certain drawbacks, such as instances where drivers do not align their identities with the information provided on the Grab platform. This mismatch can lead to potential inconveniences and safety concerns for consumers, including the possibility of account takeovers. The objective of this research is to understand and analyze the consumer protection regulations concerning legal issues and forms of protection, and to undertake a comparative analysis of the legal frameworks in Indonesia and Singapore regarding online drivers and the penalties imposed when they encounter legal complications. In conducting this research, the author adopted a normative doctrinal research approach, encompassing legislative and comparative legal perspectives. The data gathered during this investigation were subjected to qualitative analysis techniques. The research findings reveal that the legal regulations in Indonesia and Singapore are relatively similar. Both countries have regulations covering traffic and transportation, consumer protection, and sanctions for drivers whose identities do not match the application. The result of the research is to improve the regulation concerning the implementation of sovereign rights and jurisdiction that is related regulatory provisions regarding consumer’s right in Indonesia and Singapore.

Transport supply management on regular intercity bus lines

Introduction. Intercity public transport ensures the satisfaction of mobility not only for long-distance passengers, but also for residents of small settlements located on a regular line. There are often no other types of regular public transport between such settlements. The growing demand for intercity bus transportation increases the need for efficient transportation design in order to provide competitive public transport services and minimize the costs of carriers.Materials and methods. The article presents a mathematical model of transportation planning on an intercity regular bus line passing through settlements with different numbers of inhabitants. The objective function is aimed at forming a transport supply that satisfies potential demand, for which the gravitational method is used to determine. The analysis of the unevenness of passenger flows by months of the year, days of the week and flights shows that on most flights the capacity of the rolling stock is not used efficiently enough.Results. By comparing the potential number of passengers on flights with the actual one, it is shown that flexible regulation of transport supply taking into account demand will significantly improve the quality and efficiency of public transport services.Discussion and conclusion. Based on the data for 2022 of the booking system serving the regular bus line, it is shown that with the introduction of flexible regulation of the transport offer, the expected increase in passenger turnover will be about 25%.

Innovations in the Sphere of Regulatory Provision of Russian Culture, Information Security, Copyright Protection, Development of Librarianship

The article presents information about recent organizational solutions and events in the sphere of preservation and development of Russian Culture information security for children, copyright protection, development and integration of libraries into united national system, including new regions of the Russian Federation; international relations and cooperation of the main libraries of Russia, Belarus and China.

METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR MAKING MANAGEMENT DECISIONS ON TRANSFER PRICING

The article systematises methodological tools for making managerial decisions on transfer pricing. An analysis of domestic scientific works on the study of the list of methodological tools for determining transfer prices is carried out. It is found that transfer pricing researchers in the system of management accounting agree on a list of methods for determining transfer prices, including methods for determining transfer prices on the basis of market prices, on the basis of cost prices determined by marginal/standard/full costs or on a double basis, and on the basis of contract prices. Researchers of transfer pricing in the tax system are united in this approach and work with the methods (comparable uncontrolled price (as sales); resale price; "cost plus"; net profit; profit distribution) recommended by the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations and established by the Tax Code of Ukraine when checking the conformity of the terms of controlled transactions with the arm's length principle. Identify the conditions under which transfer pricing methods are used in domestic practice. The advantages and disadvantages of using certain transfer pricing methods are identified. To test and thoroughly analyse the transfer pricing methods, business operations of an agro-industrial enterprise are developed. The characteristics and limitations of the application of a particular transfer pricing method are identified. These transactions clearly illustrate the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of using each transfer pricing method to verify the arm's length transfer price. The author demonstrates the need for adjustments in cases where the transfer price or profitability of a controlled transaction is not in line with the arm's length principle. The article emphasises the need for proportional adjustment of the tax base as a means of avoiding double taxation. Taking into account the systematisation of legal and regulatory provisions on transfer pricing, peculiarities, advantages and disadvantages of using certain methods, the author proposes a general scheme for making managerial decisions in the field of methodological management of transfer pricing operations.

Mainstreaming climate adaptation and institutionalization: focusing on the water management of the third national climate adaptation plan of South Korea

Abstract The Government of South Korea has devoted efforts to mainstream climate adaptation in the national framework for a decade, and the recent National Climate Adaptation Plan (2021–2025) is a part of the continued institutionalizing endeavor to enhance adaptive capacity. To cope with climate threats, such as financial loss and death toll, confirmed at the 55th Session of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2022, addressing a fundamental question of how to mainstream climate adaptations at the governmental policy level came to the fore. This study builds an analysis framework comprising three different domains of institutionalized mainstreaming – normative, organizational, and operational approaches – to understand how far climate adaptation has been institutionalized. Further, the framework is applied to analyze the extent to which an administrative project 'I. Water Management' specified in the Detailed Implementation Programs has been mainstreamed. The analysis results indicate more rigorous inter/intra organizational governance and responsibility supported by regulatory provisions are much needed, inter alia, for the due course of institutionalizing climate adaptation. It can be quite challenging to achieve national climate adaptation in a timely manner when there is a lack of comprehensive integration of resilience institutions into national recognition, regulatory organization, and operational tools.

Legal regulation of the digital environment: digitization of the state-legal and law enforcement sphere

The rapid development of society and the impact of information technology have significantly changed the legal field and contributed to the creation of a legal framework for the digital environment. Successful development of digital relations in Ukraine requires effective legislative regulation. The favorable appearance of this process is determined by effective strategic planning, active participation of the government and an appropriate legal framework. From this point of view, it is considered important to consider issues of legal regulation of the digital environment in the context of the activities of state and law enforcement agencies. The purpose of the work is to research the regulatory and legal provision of the digital environment with an emphasis on the regulation of digitalization of state legal and law enforcement activities. Research methodology includes such methods as: historical, systematization, analysis and synthesis, structural-functional and comparative analysis. The result of the scientific analysis of scientific research and regulatory and legal regulation of the relevant relations was the study of the legal plane of digital transformations in Ukraine. Internal legislative norms were studied, relevant laws aimed at digitization were analyzed, their purpose was determined; the existing legislative basis for building a digital society and economy in Ukraine is highlighted. The analysis of strategic documents on digitalization in the spheres of public administration and law enforcement was carried out. The internal concepts of the development of e-government have been studied. The experience of foreign countries in the regulation of the digital environment and electronic management was studied, progressive means of regulation of the studied issues abroad were determined.

Learning from past in the aircraft maintenance industry: An empirical evaluation in the safety management framework

The growth of commercial air transport arguably translates into more aging passenger aircraft queuing up for major maintenance, modifications, and/or freighter conversion with the aircraft maintenance industry. In the competitive business environment, this increased maintenance demand possesses the potential to stress the industry and make safety vulnerable. In the aircraft maintenance industry, several aircraft accidents and incidents have resulted from organizational failure to learn from the past. To address this chronic problem, this study aims to (a) establish a learning process model for the aircraft maintenance industry, (b) identify the factors that influence learning, and (c) determine the effect of identified factors on learning from the past. A review of scholarly articles and regulatory publications enabled the development of learning from the past process model and a data collection tool, followed by structural equation modeling to quantify the relationship among influencing factors. The study was conducted in the Indian aircraft maintenance environment and is based on the perspective of the front-line maintenance staff. The study found that safety communication is the decisive stage for learning from the past. Contextualization of the safety information and evaluating the lessons learned during safety communication strongly impact learning from the past, for which existing regulatory provisions are vulnerable. The findings of this study are meant to assist State regulators and management of the aircraft maintenance industry; nevertheless, safety managers and practitioners in other ultra-safe, high-risk sectors may also apply the results in compliance with the respective regulatory guidelines.

CONTENT OF NATURAL AND SCIENTIFIC TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN PHYSICAL THERAPY AND ERGOTHERAPY AT THE INITIAL (THEORETICAL) STAGE OF TRAINING

The article examines the regulatory and legal provision of natural and scientific training for future specialists in physical therapy and ergotherapy in modern higher education institutions. A structural analysis of the content of natural and scientific training of future specialists in physical therapy and ergotherapy at the initial (theoretical) stage of training has been carried out. A systematic study of the educational disciplines of the natural and scientific training of future specialists in physical therapy and ergotherapy makes it possible to reveal their significant number, the presence of frequent repetitions of the same type of information and situational tasks, that is, the task of mutual coordination of the content component of training, modernization of natural and scientific training and optimization based on structural analysis. The results of the structural analysis of the content of natural and scientific training of future specialists in physical therapy and ergotherapy at the initial (theoretical) stage of training are given.
 The professionally oriented content of natural science disciplines («Biochemistry», «Human Anatomy», «Human Physiology», «Age Anatomy and Physiology», «Physiology of Motor Activity», «Fundamentals of Hygiene and Ecology», «Biomechanics», «General Theory of Health, Diagnosis and Monitoring of the State of Health»), and their focus on the formation of the components of the natural and scientific competence of a specialist in physical therapy and ergotherapy is determined.
 The organization of natural and scientific training through the implementation of the methodology for the formation of professional competence of future specialists in physical therapy and ergotherapy integrates practice-oriented teaching techniques and is aimed at defined pedagogical conditions implementation. It is worth noting that in the process of natural and scientific training, the specified pedagogical conditions are implemented based on taking into account the peculiarities of the functioning of the integral integration system and by introducing the initial (theoretical), basic (practically oriented) and final (professionally adaptive) stages of training.

Revise of the Law Exclusive Economic Zone in Indonesia: An Urgent Necessity

Indonesia is an archipelago with massive oceans. In 1982, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) was signed in Jamaica. In 1983 the Indonesian government passed Law Number 5 of 1983 concerning Exclusive Economic Zone, and UNCLOS 1982 was set as one of the fundamental considerations in the Law. However, the issue is what is the legal basis of including the UNCLOS 1982 as one of the basic considerations and how these two laws are related. This research employed a normative method aiming to study one of the fundamental considerations of the making of Law Number 5 of 1983 concerning the Exclusive Economic Zone in Indonesia. The results of the discussion show that the inclusion of UNCLOS 1982 as a basis for consideration in making Law Number 5 of 1983 concerning Indonesia's EEZ is problematic from the legal position of the rules. Law Number 5 of 1983 concerning the EEZ of Indonesia needs to be revised by referring to Law Number 17 of 1985 concerning the Ratification of the Convention of The Law of the Sea. This revision is intended to improve the regulation concerning the implementation of sovereign rights and jurisdiction and related regulatory provisions regarding the EEZ of Indonesia in terms of the interest of security on the sea.

Associations between vacant urban lands and public health outcomes in growing and shrinking cities

Vacant urban land, although not officially designated as a green space, often exhibits a semi-wild natural state due to being left open to colonization by nature. Attention to the effects of vacant urban land on human health has increased due to both rising urban vacancy rates and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, relationships between many vacant land characteristics (such as vegetation coverage, size, duration, and location) and NCDs have not been comprehensively examined, especially comparing shrinking (depopulating) and growing (populating) cities. This study evaluates St. Louis, MO (shrinking), and Los Angeles, CA (growing) to explore these relationships using ordinary least squares (OLS) interaction analysis with a moderator approach. Results show that associations between vacancy rate, duration, location, and NCDs differ significantly between city types. Vegetation coverage and size are associated with specific NCDs, but there are no differences between city types. Unlike the largely dilapidated vacant lands in the shrinking city, which tend to harm public health, vacant lots in the growing city were more functional green spaces that can, in some cases, even mitigate NCDs. Interestingly, In St. Louis, the shorter the average duration of the vacant land, the greater the risk of NCDs in a shrinking city. This is because vacant land can be contagious to nearby lots if not treated, leading to more newly emerged vacant lands and reducing the average duration of vacant land. In such cases, census tracts with the lower duration of vacant lands in St. Louis tend to be areas facing persistent environmental degradation and high public health threats. Regarding location, vacant lands near industrial areas were linked to negative health outcomes in the Los Angeles (growing), while those near single-family and commercial areas posed higher risks of NCDs in the St Louis (shrinking). The findings aid decision-making for land supply regulation and regeneration as well as urban green space management to promote human health and well-being.

Study on the Formation and Controllable Movement of Polymer Liquid Columns Based on Dynamic Control of Spatial Electric Field Distribution.

Liquid deformation and motion are very common natural phenomena and of great value in various practical applications. In this study, a dielectric fluid column formation and directional flow phenomenon are presented. Dielectric fluid can grow upward to form a liquid column through a spatial electric field and realize directional and controllable operation of the liquid column by regulating spatial electric field distribution. First, the adjustable electric field space is constructed by connecting the two parallel electrodes to the high-voltage DC power supply. Then, the regional electric field distribution was adjusted by the upper plate graphic and power supply regulation to drive the polymer liquid on the lower plate electrode to form a liquid column at different positions. The results show that the polymer liquid column can be driven by the spatial electric field distributed dynamic control method and that the height and the narrowest width of the liquid column are directly controlled by the voltage. With the experiment conditions that the distance between two parallel electrodes is 5-15 mm, the formation of liquid columns with a height of 5-15 mm can be controlled. In addition, the liquid column can be driven by adjusting the on-states of different conductive regions. When the voltage is 10 kV, the liquid column directional movement speed can reach 1 mm/s. The higher the voltage, the faster the directional movement. The research results can be used as producing polydimethylsiloxane stamp, localized heating and temperature control, fabricating a pulsating heat pipe, and so on.

Impact of a ground intermediate transport from the helicopter landing site at a hospital on transport duration and patient safety

BackgroundHelicopter emergency medical service provides timely care and rapid transport of severely injured or critically ill patients. Due to constructional or regulatory provisions at some hospitals, a remote helicopter landing site necessitates an intermediate ground transport to the emergency department by ambulance which might lengthen patient transport time and comprises the risk of disconnection or loss of vascular access lines, breathing tubes or impairment of other relevant equipment during the loading processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate if a ground intermediate transport at the hospital site prolonged patient transport times and operating times or increases complication rates.MethodsA retrospective analysis of all missions of a German air rescue service between 2012 and 2020 was conducted. Need of a ground transport at the accepting hospital, transfer time from the helipad to the hospital, overall patient transport time from the emergency location or the referring hospital to the accepting hospital and duration of the mission were analyzed. Several possible confounders such as type of mission, mechanical ventilation of the patient, use of syringe infusion pumps (SIPs), day- or nighttime were considered.ResultsOf a total of 179,003 missions (92,773 (51,8%) primary rescue missions, 10,001 (5,6%) polytrauma patients) 86,230 (48,2%) secondary transfers) an intermediate transport by ambulance occurred in 40,459 (22,6%) cases. While transfer times were prolonged from 6.3 to 8.8 min for primary rescue cases (p < 0.001) and from 9.2 to 13.5 min for interhospital retrieval missions (p < 0.001), the overall patient transport time was 14.8 versus 15.8 min (p < 0.001) in primary rescue and 23.5 versus 26.8 min (p < 0.001) in interhospital transfer. Linear regression analysis revealed a mean time difference of 3.91 min for mechanical ventilation of a patient (p < 0.001), 7.06 min for the use of SIPs (p < 0.001) and 2.73 min for an intermediate ambulance transfer (p < 0.001). There was no relevant difference of complication rates seen.ConclusionsAn intermediate ground transport from a remote helicopter landing site to the emergency department by ambulance at the receiving hospital had a minor impact on transportation times and complication rates.