Regulation Of Heart Rate Variability Research Articles

Motivation, stress, recovery, and physical activity of teachers: discoveries with the Reiss Motivation Profile® and the Firstbeat® measurement

AimTeaching is known as a high-stress occupation. Managing fatigue and promoting work engagement, teachers’ expectations and perceptions can impact work-related stress–recovery–balance and physical activity levels. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship between intrinsic motivational factors and the autonomic nervous system, such as heart rate and heart rate variability regulation, sleep, and physical activity levels.MethodsThe research included 66 primary and high school teachers in Tampere, Finland, in 2020–2021. The Reiss Motivation Profile® (RMP) was selected as an instrument to provide a practical approach to understanding people’s intrinsic motivators and the effects of those on the Firstbeat®-measured heart rate and heart rate variability, and accelerometry. Stepwise multiple linear regression models were used to assess whether the RMP motives reflected Firstbeat®-measured outcomes.ResultsMotives such as Acceptance, Eating, Family, Physical Activity, Power, Tranquillity, and Vengeance were found to have a relationship with Firstbeat®-measured outcomes. An increase in the Physical Activity motive was related to lower stress and less light physical activity. Furthermore, an increase in the Physical Activity motive showed a relationship with better recovery and a higher amount of vigorous physical activity. However, the statistical analysis of heart rate and heart rate variability showed only low explanatory power (R2 = 0.111–0.140) for stress, recovery, and sleep. On the contrary, the explanatory power of measurements related to physical activity and sedentary behavior was higher (R2 = 0.171–0.298). In addition, the need for Acceptance as an important intrinsic motive that may prevent people from vigorous physical activity deserves further research.ConclusionThe results indicated that there are several factors affecting the autonomous nervous system but also behavior. The basic desires explained sedentary and physical activity behavior better than the functioning of the autonomic nervous system. The 16 life motives can serve as a valuable theory for understanding better how to encourage people to have healthier habits.

Роль сукцинатоксидазного окисления в интенсивной терапии тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмы

Цель: изучение особенностей цереброкардиальных взаимодействий у пациентов с тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмой (ТЧМТ) и их изменений при использовании в интенсивной терапии (ИТ) производных янтарной кислоты — препаратов цитофлавин и этилметилгидроксипиридина сукцинат. Материалы и методы. Группу сравнения составили 12 больных с диагнозом ТЧМТ, которые получали ИТ по стандартному протоколу. Группу исследования (ГИ) составили 74 пациентов с ТЧМТ: 43 больных, получавших, кроме стандартного протокола, цитофлавин (5 мл в 100 мл физиологического раствора внутривенно 1 раз в сутки), и 31 больной, получавший дополнительно к стандартному протоколу этилметилгидроксипиридина сукцинат (5 мл в 100 мл физиологического раствора внутривенно 1 раз в сутки). Длительность ИТ — от 10 суток до 8 мес. Из пациентов ГИ 9 человек умерли, у 5 пациентов острая церебральная недостаточность трансформировалась в вегетативное состояние. Диагноз вегетативного состояния у пациентов ГИ был выставлен в динамике наблюдения на основании принятых международных критериев, утвержденных Американской академией неврологии. В динамике терапии проводили анализ уровня сознания по шкале комы Глазго, Глазго-Питсбургской шкале комы и шкале исходов Глазго, параметров компьютерной томографии (Philips Brilliance CT), количественной электроэнцефалографии (кЭЭГ) (система Nihon Kohden Corporation EEG-1200K), вариабельности сердечного ритма (ВСР) («Ютас ЮМ 200»). Статистическая обработка данных была проведена с помощью программы MedStat. Результаты. В условиях ТЧМТ центральный контур регуляции ВСР смещался от вегетативных центров продолговатого мозга в область ретикулярной формации ствола и среднего мозга и в проекцию дна IV желудочка. Об этом свидетельствуют выявленные средние и сильные прямые корреляционные связи между параметрами ВСР и уровнями мощности дельта-диапазона («патологическая» медленноволновая активность), максимально в проекции окципитальных и лобных отделов коры; активностью нейроглиального пула центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) (спектр-мощность (СМ) кЭЭГ в диапазоне 0,5–1 Гц), максимально в зонах проецирования стволовых образований (С3С4; О1О2); активностью адренергических нейромедиаторных структур ЦНС (СМ кЭЭГ 4–5 Гц), максимально в зонах проецирования стволовых образований (С3С4, Т3Т4); средние обратные корреляционные связи между параметрами ВСР и уровнями мощности тета- и альфа-1-диапазона, максимально в проекции окципитальных и центральных отделов коры; активностью холин- (СМ кЭЭГ 6–7,5 Гц) и дофаминергических (СМ кЭЭГ 11–12 Гц) систем ЦНС, максимально в зонах проекции стволовых образований (С3С4; О1О2). В условиях ТЧМТ c неблагоприятным исходом не существовало единого центрального контура регуляции ВСР, выявлены одновременные конкурентные влияния со стороны таламокортикальных, таламогипоталамических структур; ретикулярной формации диэнцефального уровня. Применение препаратов — производных янтарной кислоты (цитофлавин и этилметилгидро­ксипиридина сукцинат) у пациентов с ТЧМТ приводило к восстановлению равноправных влияний традиционного центрального контура — центры продолговатого мозга, гипоталамо-гипофизарная область — на формирование ВСР. Интересно, что эффекты этилметилгидроксипиридина сукцината были связаны в большей мере с динамикой параметров кЭЭГ, отражающих изменения на верхнестволовом и корковом уровне ЦНС, а использования цитофлавина — преимущественно с изменениями параметров кЭЭГ, которые являются нейрофизиологическими предикторами динамики на уровне среднего мозга, диэнцефальной, таламической и лимбико-гиппокампальной областей ЦНС. Выводы. Параметры цереброкардиальных взаимодействий при ТЧМТ и их изменения информативны для оценки эффективности ИТ и прогнозирования исхода.

Neurophysiological mechanisms and features of autonomic support of productive cognitive activity of intuitive type in young adults

Is intuition a conscious or subconscious process, a “sixth sense” or a product of learning? This article contains an answer to this question which is based on the disclosure of neurophysiological mechanisms of one of the least understandable types of human cognitive activity. For the first time with the use of cerebral cortex electrical activity mapping, a comprehensive study of the organization of cortical neural networks and the functional state of the autonomic nervous system of female biology students engaged in intuitive thinking has been conducted. The productivity of intuitive thinking is associated with increasing the spectral power of beta2-, delta-, theta-components of the electroencephalogram. The synchronization of the activity of most frequency bands is manifested in the frontal and motor areas of the cortex, which have close connections with the basal ganglia, which are responsible for the formation of skills. In the beta1-band there are probable intrahemispheric long coherences between the anterior and posterior parts of the right hemisphere, at the frequency of beta1,2- and theta-bands of the electroencephalogram they are combined into large cellular ensembles that cover the central-parietal-temporal loci of the cortex. Synchronization of biopotentials in the delta range covers large areas of the cerebral cortex. It has been established that in intuitive thinking the female students with a low standard of efficiency had a high level of central rhythm regulation, and the female students with a high standard of efficiency had a high level of autonomous regulation. Higher performance under intuitive thinking negatively correlated with low frequency findings and positively correlated with high frequency and the value of the square root of the mean squares of the intervals between heartbeats (rMSSD) in the structure of cardiorhythm. Correlation analysis found that productive mental activity is conditioned by the specific integration of cortico-visceral processes: productive intuitive thinking is associated with the activation of autonomic regulation of heart rate variability and coherence in the evolutionarily older delta and delta-theta systems of the brain. Thus, intuition is a scientific set of skills and knowledge, and the topographic signs of synchronization of electrical processes of the cerebral cortex can serve as objective criteria for successful intuitive thinking, which allow one to predict both individual abilities and the state that contributes to their realization.

Noninvasive assessment of autonomic modulation of heart rate variability in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome: A proof of principle study.

IntroductionThe Ts65Dn mouse is the most widely used animal model of Down syndrome (DS). Differences in autonomic regulation of heart rate variability (HRV) in individuals with DS have been hypothesized. Pharmacological studies in animal models may help us understand mechanisms underlying observed changes in HRV in people with DS.ObjectiveTo investigate the use a new, noninvasive technique to assess cardiac autonomic modulation in Ts65Dn mice under the effect of adrenergic and cholinergic agonists.MethodWe recorded electrocardiograms (ECGs) from 12 Ts65Dn and 12 euploid control mice. A 30‐min baseline recording was followed by the injection of an adrenergic (isoproterenol [Iso]) or cholinergic (carbachol [CCh]) agonist. Heart rate and HRV were analyzed using a series of methods customized for mice.Results and DiscussionThe ECG apparatus described here allowed us to detect noninvasively long series of heartbeats in freely‐moving animals. During baseline conditions, the yield of detectable heartbeats was 3%–27% of the estimated total number of events, which increased to 35%–70% during the 15‐min period after either Iso or CCh injections. Ts65Dn mice displayed a robust enhanced Iso‐induced negative chronotropic rebound response compared with euploid control mice. We observed a significantly smaller CCh response in Ts65Dn versus control euploid mice in the 6‐ to 10‐min‐interval postcarbachol injection.ConclusionThis work showed that the techniques described here are sufficient for this type of study. However, future studies involving the use of more selective pharmacological agents and/or genetic manipulations will be key to advance a mechanistic understanding of cardiac autonomic regulation in DS.

THE CEREBRAL CHRONIC ISCHEMIA, THE INTERACTION OF CEREBRO-CARDIAL SYSTEM STUDIES. CREATION OF PATHOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF THE BRAIN

Concerning all etiological factors for the increasing factors of Chronic Cerebral Ischemia (CCI) fits into the concept of the creation of a stable pathological system in the central nervous system (CNS).
 Aim. The evaluation of the increasing factors for the formation of a pathological system of the brain, peculiarities of cerebro-cardial interactions with the help of parameters of quantitative electroencephalography and heart rate variability in patients with CNS of different genesis.
 Materials and methods. At aged from 40 to 68 were comprehensively examined 88 people in dynamics in the period from 2016 to 2019. The registration of brain biopotentials was recorded using Tredex Expert computer-based electroencephalograph. For the analysis of EEG, the amplitude-time representation of an unsteady signal and its result of continuous wavelet transform were used. In the dynamics of therapy, an analysis of quantitative EEG (qEEG), heart rate variability (HRV) (Utas UM 200) was proceed.
 Results and discussion. Using the method of quantitative EEG with a wavelet conversion of a stationary EEG signal [9], the formation and destruction of stable pathological systems of the brain in patients with stroke, transient cerebral ischemia (TCI), MCI grade 2 were studied. In patients with MCI grade 2, in contrast to the “healthy brain”, the role of the “central contour” of regulation of heart rate variability shifts from the vegetative centers of the medulla oblongata to the region of diencephalic formations; in the thalamus area; into the hypothalamic zone. In patients with stroke, the role of the "central contour" is shifted to the region of limbic-hippocampal formations, the diencephalic zone, the area of the thalamus and ascending thalamocortical pathways. In patients with TCI, the role of the “central contour” shifts to the cortical region (signs of cortical irritation), diencephalic zone, thalamus and descending corticothalamic pathways.
 Conclusions. The positive effect of therapy when acting on the formed pathological system should be considered the appearance of an EEG on the wavelet graph in parallel with the dominant frequency of the subdominant frequency in the alpha range, the movement of the “central contour” of regulation of heart rate variability in the region of the vegetative centers of the medulla oblongata.

FEATURES OF HEART RATE regulation IN ADOLESCENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

Cardiointervalography is an important method of analyzing the regulation of heart rate variability, which allows evaluating the balance of the entire spectrum of humoral-metabolic and vegetative effects, both in condition of physiological rest and in various functional tests. It is noted that in hypertensive patients, in most cases, there is a chronic predominance of ergotrophic metabolic reactions that reflect the system tension in the regulatory mechanisms. The aim of our study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the features of the mechanisms of heart rate regulation in adolescents with confirmed essential hypertension and their healthy age mates. Material and methods . The study involved 50 adolescents (12–16 years of age) – 26 boys and 24 girls with labile essential hypertension (EHT) and stage 1 HT on the background of the standard medical correction of blood pressure (enalapril 0,58 mg/kg per day). Each participant of the study and control group underwent recording of at least 512 cardio cycles in the state of physiological rest in a sitting position, as well as registration of blood pressure. Results and discussion . We have found that for adolescents with EHT a significantly lower (by 15 %) average duration of the heart cycle is typical in combination with a decrease in the variation range, which indicates some rigidity of the heart rate regulatory mechanisms. The relative decrease in the proportion of high-frequency spectrum components in comparison with the low-frequency and very low-frequency ranges in adolescents with hypertension also indicated a tendency to predominance of sympathicotonic effects with the predominant involvement of the structures of the diencephalic region and the brain stem. At the same time blood pressure inversely correlated with the index of the variation range of cardiointervals, reflecting the lower adaptive potential of the heart rate regulation mechanisms. Conclusion . We have found regular changes in the regulation of heart rate in adolescents with hypertension, that can be taken as markers of its progressive development and used by clinicians to develop more personalized approaches to medication treatment.

Use of cardiorespiratory coherence to separate spectral bands of the heart rate variability

Abstract Regulation of heart rate variability (HRV) is dependent on the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The regulation is achieved by the two ANS activity branches distribution, namely the parasympathetic and the sympathetic activities. Their fluctuations can be observed in the HRV signal spectral domain through respective dissociated frequency domains. Power spectrum parameters in low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) domains are classically estimated using predetermined fixed frequency ranges which are [0.04–0.15 Hz] band for LF domain and [0.15–0.4 Hz] band for HF domain. However, the 0.15 Hz frequency threshold is controversial in dynamic situations or positions changing. Several studies advanced that the observed cardiac and respiratory oscillation interactions could reflect the functionality of the ANS. These interactions can be estimated by the cardiorespiratory spectral coherence tool which quantifies the existence and strength of linearity between the two modes. We propose in this paper to jointly use the heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration modes by exploiting the cardiorespiratory spectral coherence tool for the time-varying frequency threshold definition between LF and HF bands. The instantaneous center frequency computed on the time-frequency coherence estimator is the proposed variable threshold (VT). The VT method was implemented on both simulated data and real data acquired from the experimental orthostatic test protocol with 10 healthy subjects. The classical 0.15 Hz fixed threshold (FT) and the individual time-dependent spectral boundaries method (AT) using the lower limit of the respiratory HF band as a time-varying threshold are used for comparison. The proposed VT strategy makes it possible to obtain: (i) a strengthened data-dependent definition of boundaries for the HF domain; (ii) instantaneous estimations of the LF and HF band energies; (iii) a better discrimination between the two positions SUPINE and UPRIGHT of the classical orthostatic test.

FEATURES OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN WORKERS OF MINING PRODUCTION OF THE KOLA POLAR REGION

The article provides the evaluation results of the body functional state of mining production workers associated with the extraction and processing of loparite ore. The complex influence of the work conditions on appearance of autonomic dysfunction in the regulation of heart rate variability (HRV) was revealed in workers employed in the ore mining and processing. This dysfunction manifests in the stress indices increasing, earlier exhaustion of the adaptive reserves in comparison to the experimental group, decrease of the total autonomic nerve system effect on heart rate and the increase of the sympathetic nerve system impact to the HRV regulation. High contribution of the very low-frequency component to the spectral range of HRV of the surveyed shows the hyper adaptive state of the mining production workers. The failure of adaptation and a high degree of vulnerability to the environmental factors are the next stage of the body state. It was shown that the functional state of the body of underground miners (in the group of persons under 45 years of age) differed from functional state of ground workers. Furthermore the systolic and diastolic pressure were higher in a group of persons over 45 years old associated with underground work and work with high personal responsibility for production than in the group of persons working in the ground conditions. The obtained results showed that certain values of the HRV in miners group aged

СТАН ВЕГЕТАТИВНОЇ РЕГУЛЯЦІЇ В ОСІБ ІЗ ВИСОКИМ РІВНЕМ ПРОФЕСІЙНО ЗУМОВЛЕНОГО ПСИХОЕМОЦІЙНОГО НАВАНТАЖЕННЯ – ВОДІЇВ ПАСАЖИРСЬКОГО ЕЛЕКТРОТРАНСПОРТУ

Метою дослідження стало вивчення стану вегетативної регуляції в осіб із високим рівнем професійно зумовленого психоемоційного навантаження – водіїв пасажирського електротранспорту. Стан вегетативної регуляції визначали за даними варіабельності ритму серця (методом кардіоінтервалографії), активності та біоритміки гормонів стресу – кортизолу та катехоламінів. Стан вегетативної регуляції варіабельності ритму серця в обстеженого контингенту відзначався суттєвим підвищення ролі центрального контуру керування та значною компенсаторною активністю парасимпатичної ланки вегетативної регуляції із суттєвим зростанням активності автономного контуру керування. Стан активності та біоритміки гормонів стресу характеризувався суттєво вищим рівнем вмісту в крові катехоламінів, більш низьким рівнем кортизолу вранці та більш високим рівнем кортизолу ввечері, зменшенням різниці між ранковим і вечірнім рівнями кортизолу порівняно з працівниками без психоемоційного навантаження. Загалом, результати дослідження встановили, що у водіїв пасажирського електротранспорту підвищену активність симпато-адреналової системи організму та гормонів стресу і перекручення біологічного ритму регуляції вегетативних механізмів адаптації.

Features of the heart rate variability in the perioperative period after adenotomy in children

Aim. Study course of perioperative period after adenotomy in children in different ways of general anesthesia by examining indicators of heart rate variability and efficacy of postoperative analgesia.Materials and methods. To study included 70 children aged from 6 to 8 years, which was held adenotomy. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group I (n = 28) - operated under conditions of intravenous anesthesia based on propofol combined with fentanyl; group II (n=23) – operated under conditions of inhalation anesthesia by sevoflurane in combination with fentanyl and analginum; group III (n=19) – operated under conditions of intravenous anesthesia based on thiopental sodium combined with fentanyl. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05 using Student t-test.Results. Indicators of heart rate variability indicated that in the extubation stage in all groups of patients revealed high activity of the sympathetic tone with the trend of decline in the morning after surgery. Statistically higher activity of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system was in patients of group III - 1 hour after surgery compared with patients groups I and II (p <0,001 and p <0,01, respectively). After 1 hour after surgery on the scales "Faces" and "Oucher" scores indicated that the child "a little hurt" in all groups of patients In the dynamics of observation in all groups tended to reduce the intensity of pain. An interpretation of scores on the FLACC scale indicated that patients in both groups felt comfortable.Conclusions. It was found that in patients in all groups there are changes in the nervous regulation of heart rate variability, characterized by increased activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. Postoperative anesthesia by 10 mg / kg ibuprofen provides effective analgesia

Heart rate complexity in sinoaortic-denervated mice.

What is the central question of this study? New measurements for cardiovascular complexity, such as detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and multiscale entropy (MSE), have been shown to predict cardiovascular outcomes. Given that cardiovascular diseases are accompanied by autonomic imbalance and decreased baroreflex sensitivity, the central question is: do baroreceptors contribute to cardiovascular complexity? What is the main finding and its importance? Sinoaortic denervation altered both DFA scaling exponents and MSE, indicating that both short- and long-term mechanisms of complexity are altered in sinoaortic denervated mice, resulting in a loss of physiological complexity. These results suggest that the baroreflex is a key element in the complex structures involved in heart rate variability regulation. Recently, heart rate (HR) oscillations have been recognized as complex behaviours derived from non-linear processes. Physiological complexity theory is based on the idea that healthy systems present high complexity, i.e. non-linear, fractal variability at multiple scales, with long-range correlations. The loss of complexity in heart rate variability (HRV) has been shown to predict adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Based on the idea that most cardiovascular diseases are accompanied by autonomic imbalance and a decrease in baroreflex sensitivity, we hypothesize that the baroreflex plays an important role in complex cardiovascular behaviour. Mice that had been subjected to sinoaortic denervation (SAD) were implanted with catheters in the femoral artery and jugular vein 5 days prior to the experiment. After recording the baseline arterial pressure (AP), pulse interval time series were generated from the intervals between consecutive values of diastolic pressure. The complexity of the HRV was determined using detrended fluctuation analysis and multiscale entropy. The detrended fluctuation analysis α1 scaling exponent (a short-term index) was remarkably decreased in the SAD mice (0.79 ± 0.06 versus 1.13 ± 0.04 for the control mice), whereas SAD slightly increased the α2 scaling exponent (a long-term index; 1.12 ± 0.03 versus 1.04 ± 0.02 for control mice). In the SAD mice, the total multiscale entropy was decreased (13.2 ± 1.3) compared with the control mice (18.9 ± 1.4). In conclusion, fractal and regularity structures of HRV are altered in SAD mice, affecting both short- and long-term mechanisms of complexity, suggesting that the baroreceptors play a considerable role in the complex structure of HRV.

Effect of vasoactive drugs on the response of the baroreceptor and regulation of heart rate variability in patients with septic shock

We evaluated the action of vasoactive drugs on baroreceptor regulation and the interaction of this in regulation of heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with septic shock.

People Create Health: Effective Health Promotion is a Creative Process.

Effective health promotion involves the creative cultivation of physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being. Efforts at health promotion produce weak and inconsistent benefits when it does not engage people to express their own goals and values. Likewise, health promotion has been ineffective when it relies only on instruction about facts regarding a healthy lifestyle, or focuses on reduction of disease rather than the cultivation of well-being. Meta-analysis of longitudinal studies and experimental interventions shows that improvements in subjective well-being lead to short-term and long-term reductions in medical morbidity and mortality, as well as to healthier functioning and longevity. However, these effects are inconsistent and weak (correlations of about 0.15). The most consistent and strong predictor of both subjective well-being and objective health status in longitudinal studies is a creative personality profile characterized by being highly self-directed, cooperative, and self-transcendent. There is a synergy among these personality traits that enhances all aspects of the health and happiness of people. Experimental interventions to cultivate this natural creative potential of people are now just beginning, but available exploratory research has shown that creativity can be enhanced and the changes are associated with widespread and profound benefits, including greater physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being. In addition to benefits mediated by choice of diet, physical activity, and health care utilization, the effect of a creative personality on health may be partly mediated by effects on the regulation of heart rate variability. Creativity promotes autonomic balance with parasympathetic dominance leading to a calm alert state that promotes an awakening of plasticities and intelligences that stress inhibits. We suggest that health, happiness, and meaning can be cultivated by a complex adaptive process that enhances healthy functioning, plasticity and self-transcendent values. Health promotion is likely to have only weak and consistent benefits unless it is person-centered and thereby helps people to learn to live more creatively.

Avaliação por eletrocardiografia contínua (holter) em cães da raça Pastor Alemão praticantes de atividade física regular

ABSTRACT The pattern for ambulatory electrocardiography was evaluated in 25 healthy German Shepherd dogs. The influences of gender, age, and physical activity in HR maximum, mean, and minimum (HRmx, HRme, and HRmin, respectively) were studied. The physically active dogs (PA) showed lower HRme than sedentary animals (S) (P=0.03), whereas HRmx and HRmin were not altered (P=0.06 and P=0.65, respectively). The HRme was 80.89 ± 13.85 for PA and 112.94 ± 35.71 for S. No effect of gender and age on HR was observed. It is possible to state that the physical activity can modulate the sinus node of the dogs. Keywords: dog, German Shepherd, ambulatory electrocardiography, physical activity REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS BILLMAN, G.E. Aerobic exercise conditioning: a nonpharmacological antiarrhythmic intervention. J. Appl. Physiol ., v.92, p.446-454, 2002. DIXON, E.M.; KAMATH, M.V.; MCCARTNEY, N. et al. Neural regulation of heart rate variability in endurance athletes and sedentary controls. Cardiovasc. Res

575 Continuous combined hormonal replacement therapy affects autonomic regulation of heart rate variability

575 Continuous combined hormonal replacement therapy affects autonomic regulation of heart rate variability

Effect of treprostinil sodium on circadian regulation of heart rate variability in primary pulmonary hypertension

Effect of treprostinil sodium on circadian regulation of heart rate variability in primary pulmonary hypertension

Derangement of autonomic nerve control in rat with right ventricular failure

The effects of right ventricular hypertrophy and eventual right ventricular failure on autonomic nerve regulation of heart rate variability were investigated using rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension. ECG signals were obtained from a radio transmitter placed into the subcutaneous pouch in the back of the male MCT-treated and control rats for 30 min every 6 h at a sample rate of 5 kHz with or without injection of atropine (2 mg/kg I.P.) or propranolol (4 mg/kg I.P.), in a room equipped with a climate controller. Heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) were analyzed in each group by power spectrograms obtained by the fast-Fourier transform algorithm. The RR interval, total power (TP), low-frequency (LF) power (0.04–0.73 Hz), high-frequency (HF) power (0.73–2 Hz) and LF/HF ( L/ H) ratio were measured. HR was significantly increased in the MCT-treated rats ( P<0.001), which also presented lower HRV than that of the control Wistar rats; TP ( P<0.05) and HF ( P<0.05) power, but not the L/ H ratio, were significantly lower than that of the control rats. Responses of these parameters to a muscarinic antagonist (atropine: 2 mg/kg) and a β-adrenergic antagonist (propranolol: 4 mg/kg), however, remained intact in the MCT-treated rats. Only the parasympathetic component of autonomic nervous controls of HRV was deranged in rats with MCT-induced right ventricular failure.

Relationship of aggression and anxiety to autonomic regulation of heart rate variability in adolescent males.

Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 794, Issue 1 p. 376-379 Relationship of Aggression and Anxiety to Autonomic Regulation of Heart Rate Variability in Adolescent Males ENRICO MEZZACAPPA, Corresponding Author ENRICO MEZZACAPPA Judge Baker Children's Center Harvard University Boston, MassachusettsAddress for correspondence: The Judge Baker Children's Center, 295 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115. Tel: (617) 232-8390, ext. 2603. Fax: (617) 232-8399; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorRICHARD E. TREMBLAY, RICHARD E. TREMBLAY Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment University of Montreal Montreal, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorDANIEL KINDLON, DANIEL KINDLON Division of Maternal and Child Health Harvard School of Public Health Harvard University Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorJ. PHILIP SAUL, J. PHILIP SAUL Division of Cardiology The Children's Hospital Harvard University Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorLOUISE ARSENEAULT, LOUISE ARSENEAULT Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment University of Montreal Montreal, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorROBERT O. PIHL AND, ROBERT O. PIHL AND Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment University of Montreal Montreal, Canada Department of Psychology McGill University Montreal, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorFELTON EARLS, FELTON EARLS Division of Maternal and Child Health Harvard School of Public Health Harvard University Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this author ENRICO MEZZACAPPA, Corresponding Author ENRICO MEZZACAPPA Judge Baker Children's Center Harvard University Boston, MassachusettsAddress for correspondence: The Judge Baker Children's Center, 295 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115. Tel: (617) 232-8390, ext. 2603. Fax: (617) 232-8399; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorRICHARD E. TREMBLAY, RICHARD E. TREMBLAY Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment University of Montreal Montreal, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorDANIEL KINDLON, DANIEL KINDLON Division of Maternal and Child Health Harvard School of Public Health Harvard University Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorJ. PHILIP SAUL, J. PHILIP SAUL Division of Cardiology The Children's Hospital Harvard University Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorLOUISE ARSENEAULT, LOUISE ARSENEAULT Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment University of Montreal Montreal, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorROBERT O. PIHL AND, ROBERT O. PIHL AND Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment University of Montreal Montreal, Canada Department of Psychology McGill University Montreal, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorFELTON EARLS, FELTON EARLS Division of Maternal and Child Health Harvard School of Public Health Harvard University Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1996 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb32547.xCitations: 17AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume794, Issue1Understanding Aggressive Behavior in ChildrenSeptember 1996Pages 376-379 RelatedInformation

Chaos-related deterministic regulation of heart rate variability in time- and frequency domains: effects of autonomic blockade and exercise

Chaos-related deterministic regulation of heart rate variability in time- and frequency domains: effects of autonomic blockade and exercise

Chaos-related deterministic regulation of heart rate variability in time- and frequency domains: effects of autonomic blockade and exercise

To study non-linear complexity or chaotic behaviour of heart rate in short time series and its dependence on autonomic tone. Ten healthy individuals (5 men, mean age 44 years) were investigated at rest, after intravenous injections of propranolol (0.15 mg/kg), followed by atropine (0.03 mg/kg). On another occasion, investigation was made during exercise on a bicycle ergometer at 40% and at 70% of maximal working capacity. Heart rate variability was assessed by: local sensitive dependence on initial conditions as quantitated by the dominant Lyapunov exponent, coefficient of variation of heart rate, power spectral analysis of high- and low-frequency bands and the 1/f-slope of the very-low-frequency band and time domain analysis. The approximate dominant Lyapunov exponent was positive at rest and remained positive during autonomic blockade and during exercise. The exponent decreased significantly with propranolol+atropine and even more so during exercise but did not attain zero. At baseline approximate predictability was lost after about 30 s whereas after autonomic blockade or exercise it was lost after about 60 s. The 1/f-slope remained unaltered around -1. As expected, power in high- and low-frequency bands as well as time domain index decreased significantly with autonomic blockade. The low-frequency band and time domain index were affected by exercise. Heart rate variability of sinus rhythm in healthy individuals has characteristics suggestive of low-dimensional chaos-like determinism which is modulated but not eliminated by inhibition of autonomic tone or by exercise. The dominant Lyapunov exponent characterises heart rate variability independent or the other investigated measures.