Test Regression Research Articles

Deciphering shadows: A study on disinformation, its digital proliferation, and effects on organizational integrity

Managing the spread of “disinformation” is becoming an increasingly difficult task of our time, with an emphasis on digital marketing and its influence on organizational reputation. This paper aims to analyze the phenomenon of disinformation, with emphasis on the role of digital marketing and the consequent effect on organizational image. Thus, using the systematic literature review methodology, the study defines and categorizes different types of disinformation, namely fake news, misinformation, and propaganda, and how they are spread across different channels. Using the research, it is possible to conclude that digital marketing is more effective in spreading disinformation than traditional media and word-of-mouth; social media management and content marketing are the most effective. The work also evaluates the catastrophic impact of disinformation on an organization’s image, fiscal health, and the trust of its stakeholders. Using the Chi-Square Test for Independence and Logistic Regression, the study determines the factors likely to lead to severe consequences of disinformation campaigns. Last but not least, the paper also suggests ways of preventing the spread of disinformation, which include improved education on the use of digital platforms, better fact-checking systems, and an improved code of ethics in digital marketing.

The Effect of Uploads on Folkative on the Fulfillment of Information for Z Generation

A rapid development, especially in the technology industry, led to a big impact on media development. A lot of media companies switched from conventional media to digital media because of fear of being eroded and disability to adapt with the digital advances. not only that, there were also a lot of new online media appearance based on social media, one of which is Folkative. We cannot deny that social media is a new platform which is loved by lots of people, especially Z generation, so the appearance of new online media such as Folkative created a uniqueness of it. Folkative itself is a new online media platform based on Instagram which focused on news, art, culture, and local products, Folkative was called as new media since it was established on 2018. This research aims to determine the effect of uploads on Folkative on the fulfillment of information for Z generation. This research is quantitative research which defines phenomenon with numbers. This research also focused on communication major student at Universitas Negeri Jakarta especially on class of 2020 as the population. This research tests the validity and reliability of data, simple linear regression test to check the effect, and hypothesis test using IBM SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) version 25. Based on the results of this research, it was determined that there was a positive impact of 15,6%, so it was concluded that there was an effect of uploads on Folkative on the fulfillment of information for Z generation.

Javanese and Batak Tribes: The Role of Moderation in Parenting Style on Self-Control in Adolscents

This research aims to determine the influence of parenting styles on self-control which is moderated by ethnicity in adolescents. The research design used is a correlational quantitative design. Sampling technique using method convenience sampling. The research used 2 scales, namely the Parental Style Inventory II (PSI-II) to measure parenting style and the Brief Self Control Scale to measure self-control. The data analysis technique in this research is using moderated regression analysis and simple regression tests. The research results show that ethnicity does not moderate the influence of parenting style on self-control (P Int_1 = 0.5323 > 0.05). Besides that, independent testing obtained significant results (parenting style influence self-control). However, when there is a covariate (another variable present), namely ethnicity and controlled simultaneously, it becomes insignificant (in the test using Hayes).

Rectal Cancer and Lateral Lymph Node Staging: Interobserver Agreement and Success in Predicting Locoregional Recurrence

Objectives: To evaluate the agreement among radiologists in the evaluation of rectal cancer staging and restaging (after neoadjuvant therapy) and assess whether locoregional recurrence can be predicted with this information. Materials and Methods: Pre-neoadjuvant and after-neoadjuvant therapy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of 239 patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists. The agreement between the MRI findings (localization of tumor involvement, tumor coverage pattern, external sphincter involvement, mucin content of the mass and lymph node, changes in the peritoneum, MRI T stage, distance between tumor and MRF, submucosal sign, classification of locoregional lymph node, and EMVI) was discussed at the September 2023 meeting of the Society of Abdominal Radiology (SAR) and the interobserver and histopathological findings were examined. The patients were evaluated according to locoregional rectal cancer and lateral lymph node (LLN) staging, and re-staging was performed using MRI images after neoadjuvant treatment. The ability of the locoregional and LLN staging system to predict locoregional recurrence was evaluated. Results: Among the parameters examined, for the MRI T stage and distance between the tumor and the MRF, a moderate agreement (kappa values: 0.61–0.80) was obtained, while for all other parameters, the interobserver agreement was notably high (kappa values 0.81–1.00). LLNs during the restaging with an OR of 2.1 (95% CI = 0.33–4.87, p = 0.004) and a distance between the tumor and the MRF of less than 1 mm with an OR of 2.1 (95% CI = 1.12–3.94, p = 0.023) affected locoregional recurrence. A multivariable Cox regression test revealed that the restaging of lymph nodes among the relevant parameters had an impact on locoregional recurrence, with an OR of 1.6 (95% CI = 0.32–1.82, p = 0.047). With the LLN staging system, an increase in stage was observed in 37 patients (15.5%), and locoregional recurrence was detected in 33 of them (89.2%) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: LLN staging is not only successful in predicting locoregional recurrence among MRI parameters but is also associated with a very high level of interobserver agreement. The presence of positive LLN in the restaging phase is one of the most valuable MRI parameters for poor prognosis.

The Relationship between Work Engagement and Workaholism and Nurses' Job well-being

Background: Nurses continuously face workaholism and work engagement that affect the professional performance of nurses. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between work engagement and workaholism with nurses' job well-being. Methods: This was a descriptive correlation study. Two hundred nurses from Lahijan Hospitals were selected by convenience sampling method in 1399. Data were collected using three standard questionnaires of work engagement, workaholism, and job well-being. Data analysis was used using SPSS21 software using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, percentage) and inferential methods (Single regression test). Results: The results of the study showed that work engagement and workaholism can predict the job well-being of nurses in Lahijan hospitals (p<0.001). Among the dimensions of job well-being, the results showed that workaholism is negatively related to the job satisfaction of nurses(p=0.03), but has a positive relationship with the dimensions of perceived stress and nurses' sleep problems(p<0.001). Among the dimensions of job well-being, work engagement can predict positive the job satisfaction of nurses(p<0.001), but cannot predict the perceived stress and the nurses' sleep problems(p>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, work engagement and workaholism are good predictors for nurses' job well–being. Therefore, it is suggested that managers help to enhance nurses' job well-being by improving the motivated and vibrant work environment, creating work engagement, and reducing work addiction.

Association between maternal dietary diversity during pregnancy and birth outcomes: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Maternal nutrition is a key factor influencing birth and offspring health outcomes in later life. Dietary diversity (DD) is a proxy for the macro/micronutrient adequacy of an individual's diet. There is inadequate comprehensive evidence regarding maternal nutrition during pregnancy, measured through DD and birth outcomes. This study aimed to provide extensive evidence on maternal DD during pregnancy and birth outcomes. A comprehensive search was performed using PubMed, HINARI, and Google Scholar databases up to January 17, 2024. Studies conducted among pregnant mothers and measuring maternal DD with an evaluation of birth outcomes (low birth weight, small for gestational age, preterm birth), in the global context without design restriction were included. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool were used to assess the risk of bias. The results are summarized in a table, and odds ratios were pooled where possible. Between-study heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics. Potential publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's regression test. To explore the robustness, a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was conducted. Thirty-three studies were used to synthesize narrative evidence (low birth weight: 31, preterm birth: 9, and small for gestational age: 4). In contrast, 24 records for low birth weight, eight for preterm birth, and four for small for gestational age were used to pool the results quantitatively. Of the 31 studies, 17 reported a positive association between maternal DD and infant birth weight, 13 studies reported a neutral association (not statistically significant), and one study reported a negative association. Overall, inadequate DD increased the risk of low birth weight OR = 1.71, 95% CI; (1.24-2.18), with I2 of 68.7%. No significant association was observed between maternal DD and preterm birth. Inadequate DD was significantly associated with small for gestational age (OR = 1.32, 95% CI; 1.15-1.49, and I2 = 0.0%). Inadequate maternal DD is associated with an increased risk of low birth weight and small for gestational age but not preterm birth, underscoring the importance of promoting adequate DD during pregnancy. To address these issues, it is essential to implement and expand nutritional programs targeted at pregnant women, especially in low-resource settings, to ensure they receive diverse and adequate diets. Further research is needed to address the current limitations and to explore the long-term implications of maternal nutrition on child health. The study was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42024513197). No funding was received for this study.

The Correlation between Occupation and Birth Interval in Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage

ntroduction: Postpartum hemorrhage stands as one of the major contributors to maternal mortality globally. Postpartum hemorrhage is a rapid heavy vaginal bleeding that can cause signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Many factors cause postpartum hemorrhage classified into indirect causes, namely type of delivery, age, parity, birth spacing, family income, education, and occupation. Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation between occupation and birth spacing with primary postpartum hemorrhage. Method: This study uses a case-control approach with a purposive sampling technique. The sample for this study included multigravida mothers and mothers diagnosed with primary postpartum hemorrhage at Ananda Maternity and Child Hospital, Makassar, in 2021. The total sample was 174 consisting of 84 cases and 84 control samples. The research instrument data is in the form of secondary data, namely medical records. Data analysis employed the chi-square test for bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis, with a significance level of 0.05 Result: The results of the bivariate analysis showed a relationship between occupation (p-value: 0.000) and delivery distance (p-value: 0.000). Working mothers are 6 times at risk for experiencing primary postpartum hemorrhage (OR= 5.833) while mothers whose delivery interval is < 2 years or > 5 years have 4 times the risk (OR= 3.719). The results of the multivariate analysis show that the work and pregnancy distance is significantly related to the risk of postpartum hemorrhage (value P: 0,000) where the odds ratio for work (OR = 6,178) is higher than the distance of pregnancy (OR = 4.008). Conclusion: Occupational factors and birth spacing are significantly associated with primary postpartum hemorrhage, working mothers have a higher risk of experiencing primary postpartum hemorrhage. Pregnant women and women of childbearing age should receive more education about postpartum hemorrhage and its influencing factors to help prevent and identify it early.

Prolonged length of stay and associated factors among emergency department patients in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

The duration between a patient's arrival at the Emergency Department (ED) and their actual departure, known as the Emergency Department Length of Stay (EDLOS), can have significant implications for a patient's health. In Ethiopia, various studies have investigated EDLOS, but a comprehensive nationwide pooled prevalence of prolonged EDLOS, which varies across different locations, is currently lacking. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide nationally representative pooled prevalence of prolonged EDLOS and identify associated factors. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. We conducted a thorough search of numerous international databases, including PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The primary outcome was the prevalence of prolonged EDLOS. The secondary outcome was factors affecting the EDLOS. Random-effects model was used to since there was high heterogeneity. We also conducted subgroup analysis and meta-regression to investigate heterogeneity within the included studies. To assess publication bias, we used Egger's regression test and funnel plots. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 17.0 software to ensure accurate and reliable findings. We have identified eight articles that met our inclusion criteria with a total sample size of 8,612 participants. The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that the pooled estimate for the prevalence of prolonged EDLOS is 63.67% (95% CI = 45.18, 82.16, I2 = 99.56%, P = 0.0001). The study identified several significant factors associated with prolonged EDLOS, including patients admitted to overcrowded emergency departments (OR = 5.25, 95% CI = 1.77, 15.58), delays in receiving laboratory findings (OR = 3.12, 95% CI = 2.16, 4.49), and delays in receiving radiological results (OR = 3.00, 95% CI = 2.16, 4.16). In this review, the EDLOS was found to be very high. Overcrowding, delays in laboratory test findings, and delays in radiology test results make up the factors that have a statistically significant association with prolonged EDLOS. Given the high prevalence of prolonged EDLOS in this review, stakeholders should work to increase the timeliness of ED services in Ethiopia by proper disposition of non-emergency palliative patients to the appropriate destination, and implementing point-of-care testing and imaging.

Pemberian Asupan Gizi Seimbang terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of balanced nutritional foods on early childhood growth and development at Sindang State Kindergarten. This study uses a Quantitative research method with a survey type. This method is used in evaluation to make a systematic, factual, and accurate description of the facts and properties of a particular population or area. The total research population was 33 children, then taken using purposive sampling so that the research respondents became 15 children. The instruments used in this study used observation sheets in the form of checklists with data collection through observation, documentation, and structured questionnaires regarding the effect of the application of balanced nutritional feeding on early childhood growth and development. The data analysis technique used a simple linear regression test using the help of the SPSS technique. This research data analysis technique tests validity, descriptive statistics, normality, homogeneity, simple linear regression, correlation, and dependent sample tests using statistics with the help of SPSS. Based on the results of this study there is a significant effect of balanced nutritional feeding on early childhood growth and development in Sindang State Kindergarten. This is evidenced based on the Ftable results calculated using the f test with a sig of 0.05 is 2.70 so that fcount>ftable (9.006> 4.543). This shows that Ha is accepted Ho is rejected, which means that providing balanced nutritional food has a positive and significant effect on the growth and development of children after early age at TK Negeri Sindang.

Depression, anxiety, and help-seeking among Slovenian postsecondary students during the COVID-19 pandemic

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has faced students with many challenges, contributing to their mental distress. This article explores the role of demographic characteristics, psychological status, year of study, and social support during the COVID-19 pandemic in explaining Slovenian university students’ mental health problems and help-seeking behavior.MethodsIn February and March 2021, data were collected on 5,234 full-time Slovenian postsecondary students who were enrolled in public and concessionary independent higher education institutions. Participants completed a questionnaire, which included The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-7), Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS-3), and items measuring psychological status, help-seeking behavior and demographics. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and hypothesis testing for differences.ResultsFactors, such as gender, age, psychological status and social support, contributed to experiencing anxiety and depression among Slovenian students during the COVID-19 pandemic, with year of study additionally contributing to experiencing depression. Similarly, gender, age, psychological status and social support contributed to help-seeking behavior. Higher levels of depression and anxiety were reported by female students, students with prior mental disorders, and students with lower social support levels. Female students and students with lower social support levels reported more frequent help-seeking behaviors.ConclusionThe results provide insight into the mental state of the Slovenian student population in the context of imposed public health measures at the end of the second COVID-19 wave in Slovenia. The findings can help identify vulnerable groups within the student population to whom we must be particularly attentive in times of crisis.

Adversity Quotient: Fenomena Fatherless Involvement dan Kecerdasan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini

This article is the result of research that examines the influence of fatherless involvement and social-emotional development on the adversity quotient of early childhood. The research method used is quantitative with multiple linear regression tests. This research was conducted among the people of Purwawinangun sub-district, Kuningan, West Java. The research results show that fatherlessness positively affects the adversity quotient. Social emotions positively impact the Adversity Quotient, and fatherless and Social emotional influence the Adversity Quotient. Lack of positive interaction with the father can result in children experiencing difficulties in developing life skills and social abilities, this can hurt the child's ability to survive and find solutions to every problem.

Abstract 4140140: Cardiology Follow-Up as a Determinant of LDL-C Management Success in Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention

Managing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is crucial for secondary cardiovascular prevention. Despite ACC/AHA recommendations for maintaining LDL below 70 mg/dL, achieving this target remains suboptimal. This study investigates the impact of consistent cardiologist involvement on LDL cholesterol management. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional cohort study within the Steward Healthcare System in Massachusetts, analyzing data from 10,211 patients hospitalized from January 2019 to March 2024. This study offers a detailed snapshot of data across the study period, capturing both recent and long-standing cases identified through ICD codes for conditions like NSTEMI, CAD, STEMI, or CABG, specifically as markers for secondary cardiovascular prevention. We utilized the most recent LDL cholesterol measurements for our analysis and compared the distribution of lipid-lowering medications across groups. Notably, follow-ups with cardiologists outside our network were not tracked, potentially omitting relevant data. Statistical analysis employed the Chi-square test for categorical variables and binary logistic regression to adjust for confounders. Results: showed that patients with regular cardiology visits more often achieved LDL levels below 70 mg/dL (57.45% vs. 46.67%; OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.42-1.68; P<0.0001). These patients also had lower mean LDL levels (68.72 ± 27.02) compared to those without cardiology follow-up (75.82 ± 30.27; P<0.0001). Higher usage of PCSK9 inhibitors and non-statin medications was noted among the visiting group, with an adjusted OR of 1.43 (95% CI: 1.29-1.59; P<0.0001). Conclusion: Our study shows that cardiologist involvement significantly enhances cholesterol management in CAD patients, as evidenced by a higher proportion achieving optimal LDL levels and more aggressive use of lipid-lowering medications. Despite these benefits, some patients discontinue their follow-ups with cardiologists after coronary events, shifting cholesterol management to primary care providers (PCPs). This transition often results in less aggressive treatment strategies, evidenced by elevated LDL levels in patients lacking recent cardiology care. To sustain effective cholesterol management and stringent LDL targets, long-term follow-up with a cardiologist is crucial. Furthermore, equipping PCPs with the necessary tools and protocols to adopt more aggressive treatment approaches could bridge the care gap when specialist visits are infrequent.

Effects of land use changes on local dust event in Urmia Lake basin

Land use change is an effective factor in climate change and global warming, which contributes to the carbon cycle, radiant energy balance, and dust production. Urmia Lake basin water balance in the Northwestern part of Iran is in a critical condition due to land use change, drought, and climate change. This process has led to the lake water area reduction and pronounced dust production. The satellite images indicate that from 1984 to 2017, 1433 Km2 rangelands and water area of the Urmia Lake basin decreased by more than 2906 Km2. The area of human settlement increased by 550 Km2, irrigated farmland and orchards, 804 Km2, and salty marsh, 3428 Km2. The outputs of the WetSpass hydrological model reveal the highest coefficient of evapotranspiration and interception variation in the East of Urmia Lake basin. The effects of these changes are observed in reduced soil moisture, increased salty marsh, and soft sediments as potential dust resources. During the study period, the frequency of dust days in the North and East of the lake increased 2.5-fold, while in the Southern and Western parts increased 6-fold. The results of the Pettitt Test indicate that these changes began to appear in 2007. The regression and correlation test confirm that salt marshes and soft sediments account for up to 75 %, and the decrease in the area of Urmia Lake for more than 64 % of the dust changes. The results of the assessments indicate the contribution of footprint in the destruction of the natural environment and the water balance of the lake basin. Revision of water resources management and environmental water rights of the lake, changes in the development strategy from agriculture to non-agriculture development based on lower water demand, and reduction of storage dams are among the recommended strategies to address this problem.

Postpartum modern family planning among women living with HIV attending care at health facilities in Busia County, Kenya.

For women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (WLHIV), preventing untimed pregnancies during the postpartum period reduces vertical transmission and improves other maternal and child health outcomes. In Kenya, Busia County's HIV prevalence and mother-to-child transmission rate are higher than the national average yet uptake of postpartum family planning (PPFP) is generally low. This study examined health system factors influencing the consistent use of PP modern FP methods among WLHIV in Busia County. A retrospective study involving 314 WLHIV with children aged 12-24 months who were chosen using systematic random sampling was conducted from February to March 2024 from outpatient clinics in Busia County. Additionally, 14 health providers were purposively sampled as key informants. Quantitative data was collected using a pretested questionnaire, while qualitative data was gathered through key informant interview guides. Quantitative data was analyzed using STATA 15 with descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and Chi-square tests, while a deductive thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. The mean age of the participants was 32.06 (± 6.00) with the majority (51.27) aged between 25 and 34 years, married (74.84%) and unemployed (77.39%). Overall, 73.25% had used postpartum (PP) modern family planning (FP) methods, but only 52.55% reported consistent use throughout the first year postpartum. The only factors found to increase the odds of PPFP use were being married (aOR 3.34, 95% CI 1.58-7.07, p = 0.002), being escorted by a preferred person during seeking maternal and child health services (aOR 2.29, 95% CI 1.36-3.83, p = 0.002), and perceiving that they were provided information on all types of FP (aOR 2.33, 95% CI 1.19-4.16, p = 0.012). Persistent stock-outs and inadequate counseling hindered consistent PPFP use. The study identified gaps in the consistent use of PP modern FP methods among WLHIV in Busia County, influenced by the availability of FP information and health system factors. Addressing stock-outs and improving counseling during clinic visits and pregnancy are crucial for improving FP service delivery and reducing maternal and child health risks in high HIV-incidence areas like Busia County.

Study of Bacteriological Content and Risk Factors of Drinking Water Consumption Patterns in Cases of Stunting Toddler

Stunting is one of global nutrition problems, especially in developing countries including Indonesia. The prevalence of stunting in Demak Regency, Indonesia, in 2021 was 4.34%, and in 2022 it was 2.99%. However, stunting problem remains a priority because the impact of stunting can hinder efforts to enhance the health of the society and the development of the quality of human resources. Risk factors for stunting are influenced by behavioral aspects of the environment, like sanitation and drinking water. This study aimed to determine the content of bacteriological factors that contribute to the risk pattern of drinking water consumption in cases of stunting toddlers in Temuroso Village, Working Area of Guntur I Health Center, Demak Regency, Indonesia. This study was a quantitative observational case study. The population included families and toddlers in Temuroso Village, totaling as many as 854 people. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, so the sample size was 182 people for cases and controls. Data analysis used Chi-Square test and linear regression test. The bacteriological content was predominantly negative (66.5%), with the majority of subjects showing no infections (67%). Most participants fell into the high drinking water consumption category (62.1%). Stunting incidence was significantly associated with bacteriological content (p <0.0001) and drinking water consumption patterns (p <0.0001). Among these, bacteriological content was the most dominant factor influencing stunting (exp B =0.199). In summary, the primary risk factors for stunting among toddlers in Temuroso Village, within the Guntur I Health Center working area, Demak Regency, were bacteriological content (p <0.000) and drinking water consumption patterns (p <0.000).

Analyzing the Nexus Between Project Constraints and Social Sustainability in Construction: A Case for a Developing Economy

The construction industry plays a crucial role in the development of emerging economies; however, project constraints can pose significant challenges to achieving social sustainability. Therefore, this study investigates the nexus between project constraints and social sustainability factors within Pakistan’s construction industry. The study adopted a quantitative approach and analyzed the collected data through descriptive and inferential tests. Data were collected from 100 civil engineers registered with the Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC) through structured questionnaires. Analysis methods included the mean, standard deviation, Relative Importance Index (RII), and multiple regression tests. Cost (mean = 3.98) and time (mean = 3.90) emerged as the most significant project constraints, while poor safety on sites had the lowest means (3.49). In social sustainability factors, improving quality of life (mean = 3.73) ranked highest, with diversity in the workforce scoring lower (mean = 3.35). RII revealed cost (RII = 0.796) and time (RII = 0.780) as top constraints, while safety ranked lowest (RII = 0.698). Multiple regression showed that cost (slope = 0.390, p = 0.027) and unskilled workforce productivity (slope = 0.312, p = 0.073) significantly affect client social sustainability. Consultants prioritized poor productivity (slope = 0.623, p = 0.003), and contractors showed positive trends in cost and planning. The study highlights challenges like workforce skill gaps and safety enforcement, stressing the need for interventions to enhance social sustainability outcomes in Pakistan’s construction sector.

Live or Let Die: MILSTD 1472 Type Usability Checklists in an Agile Development World

Traditional Human System Integration (HSI) processes are at risk of being eliminated given the industry driven velocity and continuous delivery methods of Agile and Development to Operations Engineering. One such process at risk is usability standard checklists like MIL-STD 1472. The DoD Design Criteria Standard—Human Engineering, or MIL-STD 1472 is a military standard that provides guidelines for the ergonomic design of military systems and equipment. It is primarily focused on ensuring that military systems are designed to optimize human performance, safety, and comfort. However, it can be time-consuming to use given that it contains over 4,400 compliance items in its entirety. In an Agile DevOps environment, the typical delivery of products is 2 weeks with some software products boasting deployments every 11 min. Incorporation of usability and rigorous human factors checklists in the design of products using a DevOps environment is a challenge given the shorter timelines and smaller increments between product development and deployment combined with the expertise and hours needed to execute the checklists. The need for regression testing, the act of re-checking items to make sure new features have not created unforeseen usability issues, exacerbates the problem. Software quality testing for each release demands automatic methods to reduce the efforts of recursive testing. Industry standard methods in agile engineering utilize heuristics for quick turn low-cost usability inspections. This paper describes the derivation of a set of usability heuristics based on MIL-STD 1472 which can be used to identify potential human factors issues more quickly, with less cost, and reduced amount of expertise required. The paper also gives an example of a case study which incorporated automatic checking to support usability experts keeping pace with the high velocity pipelines of software development in an agile DevOps environment.

Geospatial Analysis of Malaria and Typhoid Prevalence Due to Waste Dumpsite Exposure in Kinshasa Districts with and without Waste Services: A Case Study of Bandalungwa and Bumbu, Democratic Republic of Congo

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management poses substantial challenges in rapidly urbanizing areas, with implications for both the environment and public health. This study focuses on the city of Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of Congo, investigating whether the presence or absence of solid waste collection services results in varying health and economic impacts, and additionally, seeking to establish a correlation between residing in proximity to dumpsites and the prevalence of diseases like malaria and typhoid, thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of the health implications tied to waste exposure. Health data were collected through survey questionnaires, and the geospatial distribution of 19 dumpsites was analyzed using Google Earth Pro 7.3.1 for satellite imagery and GIS software 10.3.1 to map dumpsites and define 1 km buffer zones around the largest dumpsites for household sampling. Statistical analyses were conducted using R Version 4.2.3, employing Chi-square tests for disease prevalence and logistic regression to assess associations between waste management practices and health outcomes. A multivariate regression was used to evaluate correlations between discomfort symptoms (e.g., nasal and eye irritation) and waste activities. The geospatial analysis revealed significant variation in dumpsite size and location, with larger dumpsites near water bodies and flood-prone areas. The study contributes valuable insights into waste-related health risks, emphasizing the need for improved waste management policies in rapidly urbanizing areas like Kinshasa. The socio-demographic analysis reveals distinct traits within the surveyed populations of two communes, Bandalungwa (Bandal) and Bumbu. Bumbu, characterized by larger open dumpsites and limited waste collection services, exhibits a higher prevalence of certain diseases, particularly typhoid fever, and malaria. This discrepancy is statistically significant (p < 2.2 × 10−16), suggesting a potential link between waste exposure and disease prevalence. In Bandal, self-waste collection is a high risk of exposure to typhoid (OR = 4.834 and p = 0.00001), but the implementation of a waste collection service shows protective effect (OR = 0.206 and p = 0.00001). The lack of waste collection services in Bumbu increases the risk of exposure, although not significantly (OR = 2.268 and p = 0.08). Key findings indicate that waste disposal methods significantly differ between Bandal and Bumbu. Bumbu’s reliance on burning and dumping creates environments conducive to disease vectors, contributing to elevated disease transmission risks. However, an in-depth correlation analysis reveals that specific waste management practices, such as burning, burying, and open dumping, do not exhibit statistically significant associations with disease prevalence, underlining the complexity of disease dynamics. This study contributes valuable insights into the importance for urban public health, particularly in rapidly urbanizing cities like Kinshasa, where inadequate waste management exacerbates health risks. By investigating the correlation between proximity to unregulated dumpsites and the prevalence of diseases such as malaria and typhoid fever, the research underscores the urgent need for targeted waste management policies. The stark health disparities between Bandal, with better waste services, and Bumbu, where services are lacking, highlight the protective effect of organized waste collection. These findings suggest that expanding public waste services and enforcing stricter regulations on waste disposal could reduce disease prevalence in vulnerable areas. Additionally, the study supports integrating waste management into urban planning as a critical public health measure. Its evidence-based approach offers valuable insights for policymakers in Kinshasa and other cities facing similar challenges, emphasizing the broader health implications of environmental governance in urban settings.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Radiologists' Reading Time in Bone Age Radiograph Assessment: A Preliminary Retrospective Observational Study.

To evaluate the real-world impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on radiologists' reading time during bone age (BA) radiograph assessments.Patients (<19 year-old) who underwent left-hand BA radiographs between December 2021 and October 2023 were retrospectively included. A commercial AI software was installed from October 2022. Radiologists' reading times, automatically recorded in the PACS log, were compared between the AI-unaided and AI-aided periods using linear regression tests and factors affecting reading time were identified.A total of 3643 radiographs (M:F=1295:2348, mean age 9.12 ± 2.31 years) were included and read by three radiologists, with 2937 radiographs (80.6%) in the AI-aided period. Overall reading times were significantly shorter in the AI-aided period compared to the AI-unaided period (mean 17.2 ± 12.9 seconds vs. mean 22.3 ± 14.7 seconds, p < 0.001). Staff reading times significantly decreased in the AI-aided period (mean 15.9 ± 11.4 seconds vs. mean 19.9 ± 13.4 seconds, p < 0.001), while resident reading times increased (mean 38.3 ± 16.4 seconds vs. 33.6 ± 15.3 seconds, p = 0.013). The use of AI and years of experience in radiology were significant factors affecting reading time (all, p≤0.001). The degree of decrease in reading time as experience increased was larger when utilizing AI (-1.151 for AI-unaided, -1.866 for AI-aided, difference =-0.715, p<0.001). In terms of AI exposure time, the staff's reading time decreased by 0.62 seconds per month (standard error 0.07, p<0.001) during the AI-aided period. The reading time of radiologists for BA assessment was influenced by AI. The time-saving effect of utilizing AI became more pronounced as the radiologists' experience and AI exposure time increased.

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Nilai Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Sektor Property &amp; Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek

The purpose of this research is to test in reality whether profitability, leverage, and company size affect company value in real estate and property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019-2023 period. This study uses secondary data, there are 10 companies that meet the research criteria many as 50 observation data. This study uses a quantitative method. The research variables used are profitability, leverage, and company size. This test uses multiple linear analysis and the eviews 13 software program. These results illustrate that profitability and leverage do not affect company value, while company size has a negative effect. according to the results of the regression test using (REM), the Determination Coefficient R² = 0.493716, indicating that 49.37% of company value is influenced by (ROAS), (DERA), and (UP), while the remaining 50.63% is explained by other factors.