Regional Nerve Block Anesthesia Research Articles

Standing oral surgery for the management of mandible and maxilla fractures in horses: a case series of 15 horses

Fractures of the mandible and maxilla are common in horses. The present study was conducted on fifteen horses referred for the management of mandible or maxilla fractures. Fixation methods were used to repair the fractures in these horses, including tension band and cerclage wires, dynamic compression plates, and lag screw fixation. All procedures were performed under chemical restraint and regional nerve block anesthesia in the standing position. According to the results, the long term follow-up of the horses was satisfactory, and no severe complications were observed. Jaw fractures are most successfully treated by early diagnosis and fracture fixation. The surgical management of most oral region injuries may be readily performed in the standing position, to avoid the risks associated with general anesthesia in horses.

How Should Anesthesiologists Face Coronavirus Disease 2019?

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease. Most infected patients manifest mild flu-like symptoms, but in some cases, the patients rapidly develop severe lung infections and pneumonia. It is estimated that about 15–20% of patients with COVID-19 develop hypoxemia and require some form of oxygen therapy and ventilation support. Further, exacerbation of the disease usually requires an emergency tracheal intubation, where the patients are more prone to coughing and aerosol diffusion, placing the anesthesiologist at an extremely high risk of infection. In this review, after a brief introduction to the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the COVID-19, we describe various recommendations that the anesthesiologists should employ to avoid the chances of infection during the management of severely ill patients. We describe key steps such as not removing the patient's mask prematurely and using sedatives, analgesics, and muscle relaxants for rapid and orderly intubation. The use of spinal cord and regional nerve block anesthesia should also be promoted to avoid general anesthesia. Since the patients with COVID-19 may also have disorders related to other parts of the body (other than lungs), short-acting drugs are recommended to actively maintain the perfusion pressure of the peripheral and important organs without metabolism of the drugs by the liver and kidney. Multimodal analgesia is advocated, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic drugs can be used appropriately. In this review, we also discuss key studies and experiences of anesthesiologists from China, highlights research findings, and inform on the proper management of patients with perspective on anesthesiologists.

Application of whole-period nursing in surgery idea to regional nerve block anesthesia cooperation in pollex valgus operatoin

By analyzing regional nerve block anesthesia cooperation characteristics of 46 cases in pollex valgus operations,circulating nurse found that application ofwhole-period nursing in surgeryidea into this kind of anesthesia cooperation benefited evaluation of patient's physical status and rational usage of regional anesthesia drugs,which could he helpful for better anesthesia cooperation and operation realization. Key words: Whole-period nursing in surgery; Pollex valgus operation; Regional nerve block anesthesia; Cooperation

Surgery under Extreme Conditions in the Aftermath of the 2010 Haiti Earthquake: The Importance of Regional Anesthesia

The 12 January 2010 earthquake that struck Port-au-Prince, Haiti caused >200,000 deaths, thousands of injuries requiring immediate surgical interventions, and 1.5 million internally displaced survivors. The earthquake destroyed or disabled most medical facilities in the city, seriously hampering the ability to deliver immediate life- and limb-saving surgical care. A Project Medishare/University of Miami Miller School of Medicine trauma team deployed to Haiti from Miami within 24 hours of the earthquake. The team began work at a pre-existing tent facility in the United Nations (UN) compound based at the airport, where they encountered 225 critically injured patients. However, non-sterile conditions, no means to administer oxygen, the lack of surgical equipment and supplies, and no anesthetics precluded the immediate delivery of general anesthesia. Despite these limitations, resuscitative care was administered, and during the first 72 hours following the event, some amputations were performed with local anesthesia. Because of these austere conditions, an anesthesiologist, experienced and equipped to administer regional block anesthesia, was dispatched three days later to perform anesthesia for limb amputations, debridements, and wound care using single shot block anesthesia until a better equipped tent facility was established. After four weeks, the relief effort evolved into a 250-bed, multi-specialty trauma/intensive care center staffed with >200 medical, nursing, and administrative staff. Within that timeframe, the facility and its staff completed 1,000 surgeries, including spine and pediatric neurological procedures, without major complications. This experience suggests that when local emergency medical resources are completely destroyed or seriously disabled, a surgical team staffed and equipped to provide regional nerve block anesthesia and acute pain management can be dispatched rapidly to serve as a bridge to more advanced field surgical and intensive care, which takes longer to deploy and set up.

Congenital double lip: a review of seven cases.

Congenital double-lip deformity is an infrequent developmental abnormality affecting the lips, more commonly the upper lip. We report seven cases of double lip, all in males, of which six were in the upper lip and one in the lower lip. It was quite interesting to observe that in the upper lip, the buccal portion of the double lip appeared on either side with a midline constriction; in the lower lip, it was prominent in the midline without any central constriction. Surgical excision under regional nerve block anesthesia gives good results. The embryology, clinical appearances, and histopathology are discussed with a review of the literature.

Local infiltration and regional nerve block anesthesia in pedal surgery.

Local infiltration and regional nerve block anesthesia in pedal surgery.

Nerve block anesthesia for foot surgery

A new regional nerve block anesthesia is presented that is satisfactory in foot surgery