Regional Financial Institutions Research Articles

Humanitarian diplomacy and the countries of the Global South: Trends and discourses

In recent years, discussions about the essence of humanitarization and humanization of international relations have intensified due to the aggravation of economic, social, and ethical problems against the background of a sharp deterioration in the international situation, particularly in the Global South. This paper aims to identify the specifics and provide a comparative analysis of the approaches of both the developed and developing states of the North and the South to the formats, content and purpose of humanitarian diplomacy in contemporary world politics. The first section examines academic discussions on the issues of humanitarian diplomacy. The authors highlight two main approaches in foreign and Russian international political studies to addressing the humanitarian problems of the Global South — an objectal and a subjectal ones. The former is typically associated with the developed countries of the Global North and is rooted in the practices of the colonial era. The latter gained prominence in academic research in the 21st century with the emergence of the ‘new donors’, which promoted joint development programs led by the countries of the Global South and built on regional financial institutions. At the same time, the authors note that academic research tends to focus primarily on the dynamics of aid flows and conditions for development assistance, while a number of current trends in the humanitarian diplomacy remain understudied. These trends are examined in the second section of the article. The authors emphasize the growing trend towards transnationalization and privatization of humanitarian diplomacy, active involvement of non-state and hybrid actors. The third section outlines the key features of humanitarian diplomacy of the leading countries of the Global South (China, India, Turkey), as well as that of the ASEAN states and Arab monarchies. The authors identify several general principles of humanitarian diplomacy shared by the countries of the Global South: a broad, pluralistic understanding of the humanitarian agenda to include cultural, scientific, academic, and youth policy issues; commitment to the ideas of solidarity and humanitarian cooperation (instead of the donor-recipient model); normative neutrality of the humanitarian policy; adherence to the principles of state sovereignty.

Financial accessibility in Southern Russia: A study of digitalization and regional differences

Subject. The article addresses the effectiveness of digital innovations in financial inclusion in the Southern Federal District of Russia. Objectives. The aim is to assess the impact of digitalization on the process of financial inclusion in Southern Russia. Methods. The study rests on the analysis of secondary data obtained from the Bank of Russia and regional financial institutions. These included quantitative data on the spread of banking networks, financial inclusion indices, and the adoption of digital financial services in Southern Russia. Furthermore, I conducted a survey of existing literature on financial inclusion and digitalization to provide context and theoretical background. I also applied descriptive statistical methods to identify and analyze patterns and trends in the data, and comparative analysis to assess regional differences in financial inclusion and digitalization in Southern Russia. Results. The study revealed significant regional differences in the availability of digital financial services. The survey found a growing trend towards the adoption of digital payment methods, with a marked increase in the use of payment cards and mobile banking services. However, the pace of digitalization was uneven across regions, influenced by factors such as demographic structure, economic development, and cultural practices. Conclusions. A customized approach that takes into account the unique socio-economic characteristics of each region is critical to bridging the digital divide in financial services. This study contributes to understanding the complex relationship between digitalization and financial inclusion in a region with diverse socioeconomic conditions, provides insight for policymakers and financial institutions on how to design strategies for inclusive and sustainable financial development.

Analisis Prosedur Rekonsiliasi Bank pada Badan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Medan

This study aims to analyze bank reconciliation procedures for regional financial institutions and assets in the city of Medan and researchers want to know the procedures for the bank reconciliation system for the Medan City Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BKAD). The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method and in practice this research collects data and looks for references from journals and manuals. The data analysis technique used in this study was data obtained qualitatively and data collection in this research method also carried out field observations, and direct interviews with employees who were in the Regional Financial and Asset Management Office of the Medan Mayor's Office. From the results of data analysis, conclusions can be drawn and the results of the research found that the bank reconciliation procedure in the BKAD treasury sector in the city of Medan still has deficiencies, namely the checking account submitted is still in the form of paper, so the author analyzes the excessive use of paper. In addition, the bank data reconciliation process still uses a manual process that takes a long time. Keywords : procedure, reconciliation, bank data.

Analisis Prosedur Rekonsiliasi Bank pada Badan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Medan

This study aims to analyze bank reconciliation procedures for regional financial institutions and assets in the city of Medan and researchers want to know the procedures for the bank reconciliation system for the Medan City Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BKAD). The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method and in practice this research collects data and looks for references from journals and manuals. The data analysis technique used in this study was data obtained qualitatively and data collection in this research method also carried out field observations, and direct interviews with employees who were in the Regional Financial and Asset Management Office of the Medan Mayor's Office. From the results of data analysis, conclusions can be drawn and the results of the research found that the bank reconciliation procedure in the BKAD treasury sector in the city of Medan still has deficiencies, namely the checking account submitted is still in the form of paper, so the author analyzes the excessive use of paper. In addition, the bank data reconciliation process still uses a manual process that takes a long time.
 Keywords : procedure, reconciliation, bank data.

Pengaruh Penerimaan Pajak Hotel, Pajak Restoran, Pajak Hiburan, Pajak Penerangan Jalan dan Pajak Reklame Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Batu

Indonesia as a government that adheres to the principle of regional autonomy, each region is given the authority to regulate its own government. Where to organize their own local government requires a source of income. One source of local revenue is local taxes and regional levies. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hotel taxes, restaurant taxes, street lighting taxes and advertisement taxes on local revenue This type of research is quantitative with a descriptive approach. The data used in the secondary data research contained in the Batu City regional financial institutions are in the form of regional tax target and realization reports and 2012-2018 regional original revenue target and realization reports. The research method used is multiple linear regression analysis to see the effect of hotel taxes, restaurant taxes, entertainment taxes, street lighting taxes and advertisement taxes on local revenue. The results of testing the hypothesis using the t test succeeded in proving that the hotel tax did not have a significant effect on local revenue, while the restaurant tax, entertainment tax, street lighting tax and advertisement tax had a significant effect on regional original income. The test results using the f test prove that the hotel tax, restaurant tax, entertainment tax, street lighting tax, and advertisement tax simultaneously affect local revenue. Keyword: Regional Autonomy, Revenue, Regression Analysis, Taxes, Realization Report.

Early warning model and prevention of regional financial risk integrated into legal system.

In order to improve the laws and regulations of the financial system, in the construction of laws and regulations, the traditional financial risk Early Warning (EW) model is optimized. The financial prevention and control measures with legal protection are implemented to warn the financial risks, which plays an important role in the construction of the rule of law in the Financial Market (FM) and the establishment of financial risk prevention and control laws and regulations. This paper combines the deep learning model and the Markov regime Switching Vector Auto Regression (MS-VAR) model and constructs a regional financial risk EW model from the following aspects: macroeconomic operation EW indicators, regional economic risk EW indicators, regional financial institution risk EW indicators. The model is empirically researched and analyzed. The results show that the fluctuation trend of the macroeconomic pressure index in the time series is relatively large, and the overall fluctuation of the regional economic pressure index is small, and fluctuates around 0 in most periods. After the financial crisis, local governments stepped up their supervision of non-performing corporate and household loans. From 2011 to 2018, the non-performing loan ratio began to decline, and the overall fluctuation of the regional financial comprehensive stress index was small, fluctuating around 0. Due to the lack of legal regulation, from the perspective of the regional economy, the risk level is more likely to change from low risk to moderate risk, while the risk status is less likely to change from high risk to moderate risk. From the perspective of regional financial institutions, the probabilities of maintaining low risk and moderate risk are 0.98 and 0.97, respectively, which is stronger than maintaining the stability of high risk. From the perspective of the state transition of the regional financial risk composite index, the probability of maintaining low risk and high risk is 0.97 and 0.93, which is higher than maintaining the stability of medium risk. The Deep Learning (DL) regional financial risk EW MS-VAR model has strong risk prediction ability. The model can better analyze the conversion probability of regional financial risk EW index and has better risk EW ability. This paper enhances the role of legal systems in financial risk prevention and control. The regional financial risk EW model incorporating financial legal indicators can better describe the regional financial risk level, and the EW results are basically consistent with the actual situation. In order to effectively prevent financial risks and ensure the safety of the financial system, it is recommended that the government improve local debt management, improve financial regulations and systems, and improve the legislative level of financial legal supervision.

Factors and Directions of Transformations of the Integration Financial and Economic Cooperation of the EAEU Countries in Modern Conditions

The article defines and analyzes the features, factors, and directions of transformation of the model of regional monetary and financial integration of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The aim of the study is to develop and systematize a set of measures to develop the investment direction of integration cooperation between the EAEU countries, reduce their dependence on the highly volatile international economic and financial environment and neutralize the negative impacts of Western sanctions for national economies. The objectives of the study are as follows: analysis of trends and problems of the investment process in the economies of the EAEU countries for 2013–2021, substantiation of proposals and recommendations for optimizing the model of integration financial and economic cooperation of the EAEU countries based on increasing the regulatory role of the state and regional financial institutions in attracting investments. The research methodology includes the analysis of the EAEU legal framework, statistical information, official reports of state bodies of the EAEU countries and the Eurasian Economic Commission, regional development institutions, scientific monographs and publications of Russian and foreign economists, and periodicals. Based on the methods of econometric analysis, the expediency of introducing into circulation a monetary unit of collective use of the EAEU countries independent of the US dollar and euro for mutual settlements is substantiated. The authors conclude that it is necessary to supplement and, in some cases, substitute the predominantly market-oriented model of Eurasian financial and economic integration with a regulatory investment model of regionalization with an increased role of national and regional management institutions in promoting integration processes.

Significance of existence and new product strategies in regional financial institutions V --Transition of financial institutions and current status and issues of securitized products--

Significance of existence and new product strategies in regional financial institutions V --Transition of financial institutions and current status and issues of securitized products--

НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЕ ТА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ РИНКУ ПОХІДНИХ ФІНАНСОВИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ В УКРАЇНІ

The purpose of the article is to structure the legal framework for regulating the market of derivative financial instruments at the global and national levels, to harmonize them with each other and to identify current changes and problems. The article uses an economic and legal approach to the study of the problems raised. It has been established that the structure of regulation of the derivatives market consists of supranational and national levels. At the supranational level, global and regional financial market institutions determine the basic provisions for the functioning of the market; at the national level, it is regulated by legislative bodies, state regulatory bodies and self-regulatory organizations. The regulatory support of state bodies in the capital market is formed by instructions, standards and norms, methodological guidelines, explanations, rules, etc. The attention is focused on the important role of European supranational institutions as factors of adaptation of the Ukraine financial system to EU requirements. It has been established that the Ukrainian model of financial regulation is close to the “two peaks” model, in accordance with which the main functions are distributed between institutes – by the National Bank of Ukraine and the National Securities and Stock Market Commission. The functions and powers of all components of the derivatives market regulation system, including self-regulatory organizations, are considered. It is noted that in Ukraine derivatives trading outside the organized market is poorly regulated and requires the use of tools aimed at standardizing processes (General Agreement) and enhancing depository and clearing activities. The level of Ukraine derivatives market development is characterized as the active phase of the rule-making processes regulating. The legislative bodies have a decisive influence on the system of regulation of derivatives market at the national level. They form a legal framework and have a clear hierarchy. The key subjects of information support of the financial market are identified, their functions and the state of disclosure of information are determined, the main problems of the informational support require solution.

The Eurasian Development Bank as a mechanism of scientific and technological integration within the framework of EAEU: legal aspects

The subject of this research is the legal and cognate framework strategic aspects of the Eurasian Development Bank (EDB) as the key regional financial and investment institution that lend support to integration projects in the industrial sector in the countries of operations on a priority basis. The goal of this research lies in the conceptually systematization of the framework strategic and legal grounds of the  activity of the Eurasian Development Bank as the mechanism for the development of cooperation between EAEU member-states in the sphere of technological modernization of the economy and manufacturing of high-tech and science-driven products based on the cooperation projects with integration component. The author analyzes the instruments that are part of law of the Bank and determine its engagement in the integration processes in the industrial, agricultural and energy spheres, which suggest technological modernization. The conclusion us made that the current project and related analytical work of the EDB is in line with the trends of operation of the multilateral development banks, as well as correlated the requirement for increasing global competitiveness of the EAEU. The novelty of this research consists in comprehensive examination of the system of legal instruments aimed at implementation and strengthening of the potential of the Eurasian Development Bank as one of the mechanisms of industrial and technological integration within the EAEU. The author’s main contribution consists in argumentation of the position that overcoming systemic problems that persist in the activity  of the EDB, with the support of the national governments and national institutions of development, as well as active cooperation with the Eurasian Economic Commission, would most positively affect the intensification of the processes of industrial and technological cooperation and turning the EAEU into one of the most influential integration associations in modern world.

Investigating the role of the International Monetary Fund in the process of resolving financial crises: case study of Greece

The economic crisis in the United States and its spread to continental Europe caused a financial crisis in European stock markets, which in turn reduced production in Europe, resulting in rising unemployment, that eventually led to protests against the current economic situation. These political unrests have prompted international and regional governments and financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the European Central Bank to find a way to end this severe financial crisis. Greece, as one of the EU member states that has been affected by this global crisis, has made efforts to improve its economic situation. The main question of this study is to what extent the International Monetary Fund was able to help resolve the financial crisis in Greece? The hypothesis is that due to the conditionality of financial aid from the International Monetary Fund to Greece in crisis and Greeces lack of attention to the full implementation of austerity programs, such financial aid has not been able to save the Greece economy from financial crisis. One of the aims of this study is to what extent developing countries can rely on IMF recommendations to overcome the financial crisis. The aim of the research is to find out why International Monetary Fund could not adopt proper monetary and financial policy to settle the financial crisis in Greece. Moreover, the reasons behind failed attempts of Greeces policymakers to implement IMFs austerity measures in their country are sought.

Experience, communication, and collective action: financial autonomy and capital market development in East Asia

ABSTRACT From the creation of the eurozone to the African Financial Markets Initiative, the world has seen the emergence of regional financial institutions in recent decades. East Asia is no exception. ASEAN plus Three (China, Japan, and Korea) has institutionalised the Asian Bond Marked Initiative (ABMI) since 2003. What explains the development of the ABMI? We argue that East Asian states established it as an institutional mechanism for regional financial autonomy constrained by their dependence on Western financial market. In making this argument, we propose an experience-communication analytical framework to systematically investigate the formation of collective economic interests. We show that the analytical framework captures the timing and the content of the institutional evolution of the ABMI with greater precision. To demonstrate our claim, we attempt to make best use of both qualitative process tracing and quantitative collocational analysis for the validity and reliability of our claim. Particular attention is paid to analysing the politics of inclusion and exclusion in membership as ASEAN plus Three states shifted the forum for regional bond market cooperation from the APEC, of which the United States is a member, to the ABMI, which excludes the United States in pursuing regional financial autonomy.

Activity of Regional Microfinance Institutions in Terms of Regional Development

Purpose: The aim of the article is to analyse the activity of two types of microfinance institutions in Poland, loan funds and loan guarantee funds and to indicate the relations between their activity and the condition of the regions. Design/Methodology/Approach: To analyse funds activity we have employed a methodological approach of comparative analysis based on data from Eurostat, Local Data Bank, European Microfinanse Network, Polish Association of Loan Funds and Polish Association of Guarantee Funds. Data used in the study included 2012- 2018 years. In order to evaluate the impact of the funds on the region’s development, the study applied Pearson's correlation analysis, linear regression analysis, and single-factor variance analysis. Findings: The results indicate that the collective analysis of operations run by both types of institutions has shown numerous negative correlations, whereas the analysis of the impacts of the funds in the individual voivodeships has shown positive outcomes. It can therefore be stated that the activity of loan funds and guarantee funds on the regional scale displays positive effects and relationships, which differ depending on the region. Practical Implications: Both funds and their owners have to search for new solutions and ways of development. This regards especially the guarantee funds which must compete with national guarantee programmes, which decreases their role from the point of view of commercial banks. Originality/Value: The research study is an original analysis of the impact of regional financial institutions on regional development. It indicated a need for the institutions to change their strategies. In order to increase their impact on the region, the owners (which are mainly self-governmental bodies) should consider recapitalisation while retaining their regional character.

The impact of regional banks on environmental pollution: Evidence from China's city commercial banks

The unfortunate price paid by the rapid growth of the global economy is the destruction of the ecological environment, yet financial development represented by the establishment of regional financial institutions may have a positive effect on environmental improvement. Based on data of 284 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 1998 to 2018, this research takes the establishment of China's city commercial banks (CCBs) as a quasi-natural experiment and constructs a difference-in-differences (DID) model to explore the impact of these regional banks on regional environmental pollution in China. The results are as follows. First, the establishment of CCBs significantly reduces regional pollution, and the pollution reduction effect of CCBs that have been established for several years and opened branches is more obvious. Second, the establishment of CCBs cuts environmental pollution by improving the innovation capacity, attracting more foreign direct investment (FDI), and upgrading the industrial structure. Third, the higher the economic strength, population size, and degree of marketization a city exhibits, the stronger is the pollution reduction effect of CCBs. Further analysis finds that the effect of CCBs in reducing pollution is higher in cities with strong economic power and large populations, which mainly relates to the innovation promoting effect. When cities have a high degree of marketization, the pollution reduction effect of CCBs generally comes from the innovation promoting effect and the FDI attracting effect. Therefore, cities should continue to improve the operating efficiency of regional banks, properly handle the relationship between regional banks and local governments, optimize the allocation of financial resources, and improve environmental quality through green finance.

Analysis of the Effect of Total Quality Management (TQM) on Performance in the Regional Financial Institutions in Pontianak City

Abstract
 
 The limited quality of human resources owned and the lack of instruments used and the lack of support from employees in access to performance appraisals will create obstacles in the objective and optimal performance appraisal. The phenomenon that occurs in the Regional Finance Board of Pontianak City, namely the performance appraisal approach that is often used by management to see performance is still traditional. Another phenomenon that occurs is the lack of attention from management in appreciating quality employees. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct a study regarding how the effect of total quality management on the performance of the Pontianak City Financial Agency. This study aims to determine the effect of Total Quality Management (TQM) on the performance of the Regional Finance Board of Pontianak City. The research is descriptive research and associative research or causal design. Qualitative data processing was done by tabulating, while quantitatively analyzed for discussion using Multiple Linear Regression. Based on the coefficient of determination, it can be concluded that the magnitude of the influence of self-potential quality, process quality and performance quality on the ups and downs or variations in the performance of employees of the Pontianak City Regional Finance Agency is 47.10%. Simultaneously it can be concluded that the variables of self-potential quality, process quality and performance quality simultaneously have a significant effect on the respondent's performance. Partially the variables of self-potential quality and performance quality in this study have a significant effect on the respondent's performance, so that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Partially the process quality variable in this study has no significant effect on the respondent's performance.
 
 Keywords: Quality, Total, Management, Performance

PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI (STUDI KASUS PADA BADAN KEUANGAN DAN ASET DAERAH KABUPATEN SLEMAN)

The purpose of this study was conducted to determine the effect of the relationship between organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) with organizational commitment as a mediating variable. This research was conducted in the Regional Financial Institutions and Assets of Sleman Regency. The sample in this study were all employees of the Regional Financial Institutions and Assets of Sleman Regency. Data collection by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale to measure indicators. The technique used in this research is descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and organizational commitment acts as mediation affect organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB).

Patologi Birokrasi Dalam Pengelolaan Tenaga Honorer Di Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah

This study aims to examine and analyze the bureaucratic pathology model in the management of honorary staff in Central Mamuju. Some of the indicators used in this study include perceptions of managerial style, violation of legal norms, low knowledge and skills, dysfunctional behavior and internal situations in various government agencies. The research method used is qualitative by using interviews as a means of extracting secondary data. Information is obtained from local governments, namely the education office, regional civil service agencies, financial institutions, council secretariats, hospitals and honorary staff. The results showed that the management of honorary staff in Central Mamuju district still shows bureaucratic pathology. This is evident in the method of recruiting honorary staff, there are still some individuals who still practice nepotism towards the acceptance of honorary staff; the lack of discipline of honorary staff is part of the pathology of the bureaucracy. Furthermore, the discipline of honorary staff in several OPDs is still not effective; found data dissynchronization / administration mall. Data discrepancies between the SK data issued and the data on the amount of wages disbursed by regional finances; the potential for budget fattening due to the absence of data validation from financial institutions on the number of SKs in each OPD with the reality in the field. Several suggestions were given as input to correct deficiencies in the management of honorary staff in Central Mamuju District.

EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE BASED BUDGETING AT THE REGIONAL FINANCIAL AGENCY TANAH DATAR

ABSTRACT The problem in this research is evaluating the budget preparation procedure in the regional financial institution of Tanah Datar district with the Minister of Home Affairs regulation number 21 of 2011 concerning the guidelines for regional financial management. This study aims to evaluate the budget preparation procedure based on the Minister of Home Affairs regulation number 21 of 2011 concerning guidelines regional financial management in the regional financial agency Tanah Datar. This type of research is field research and the method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques used are interview and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used is the comparative method. The results of this study provide evidence that the budget preparation procedure at the flatland district regional financial agency has referred to the Minister of Home Affairs regulation number 21 of 2011 concerning regional financial management quidelines. The outcome of the work plan and budget of the regional flatland district financial agencies for the 2020 fiscal year shows that in general the performance indicators used do not meet the criteria for good performance indicators. Key Words : Evaluation of budget preparation procedures

Significance of existence and new product strategies in regional financial institutions --Transition of financial institutions and current status and issues of securitized products--

Significance of existence and new product strategies in regional financial institutions --Transition of financial institutions and current status and issues of securitized products--

Significance of existence and new product strategies in regional financial institutions II --Transition of financial institutions and current status and issues of securitized products

Significance of existence and new product strategies in regional financial institutions II --Transition of financial institutions and current status and issues of securitized products