Asymmetry In Region Research Articles

Improving Outcomes in Child Care Subsidy Voucher Programs under Regional Asymmetries

Related to several efforts by governments to attain United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, subsidy vouchers are used to provide monetary support to income-eligible (IE) families who cannot afford child care. However, IE families are often unable to accept an offered voucher due to an inadequate supply of voucher-accepting child care providers that best suit their needs. Child Care Resource and Referral agencies (CCRR the marginal return of investment in outreach in that region is higher and abundant funds are available; the socioeconomic distress experienced by families in that region is significantly higher; or a large amount of funds is earmarked for outreach in that region. We contextualize our study for a CCR&R in Massachusetts and conclude that the proposed investment decisions can improve equity outcomes by 7.0%.

Plasma Upflows Induced by Magnetic Reconnection Above an Eruptive Flux Rope

One of the major discoveries of Hinode’s Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) is the presence of upflows at the edges of active regions. As active regions are magnetically connected to the large-scale field of the corona, these upflows are a likely contributor to the global mass cycle in the corona. Here we examine the driving mechanism(s) of the very strong upflows with velocities in excess of 70 km s−1, known as blue-wing asymmetries, observed during the eruption of a flux rope in AR 10977 (eruptive flare SOL2007-12-07T04:50). We use Hinode/EIS spectroscopic observations combined with magnetic-field modeling to investigate the possible link between the magnetic topology of the active region and the strong upflows. A Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) extrapolation of the large-scale field shows a quadrupolar configuration with a separator lying above the flux rope. Field lines formed by induced reconnection along the separator before and during the flux-rope eruption are spatially linked to the strongest blue-wing asymmetries in the upflow regions. The flows are driven by the pressure gradient created when the dense and hot arcade loops of the active region reconnect with the extended and tenuous loops overlying it. In view of the fact that separator reconnection is a specific form of the more general quasi-separatrix (QSL) reconnection, we conclude that the mechanism driving the strongest upflows is, in fact, the same as the one driving the persistent upflows of ≈10 – 20 km s−1 observed in all active regions.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SYSTEM HUMAN RESOURCES HEALTH CARE IN THE NORTH CAUCASIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT

The article examines the features of the regional provision of the health care system with personnel on the basis of a comparative assessment, both in terms of quantitative and level indicators of the personnel potential of the industry of the North Caucasian Federal District. In order to identify a real idea of ​​the state of the personnel potential of the region, the indicators of the load on medical workers were studied. Additionally, they were grouped in relation to the average Russian and mid-level levels. The regional asymmetry of the personnel potential and the corresponding disproportions in the development of the regional health care system are revealed. The directions of reducing the differentiation of staffing of health care institutions in the region are indicated.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE IT-SPHERE OF UKRAINE: FACTORS AND DIRECTIONS OF ACTIVATION

Purpose. This article aims to improve the theoretical and applied bases of activating the development of the IT sphere in Ukraine by determining the factors that influence this process and the stages this process went through. Design/methodology/approach. In the article, authors use a set of scientific methods that ensured the conceptual integrity of the study, in particular: logic – to study the evolution of the IT-sphere; system – to highlight the conceptual foundations of the IT products market; methods of dialectical reasoning, induction, deduction – to justify strategic priorities; comparative and statistical analysis – to study the peculiarities of the development of the-IT sphere; economic and mathematical modelling – to build trends, regression models and forecasts; cluster analysis – to identify regional asymmetries in the development of the IT sector of Ukraine. Findings. The article summarizes scientific approaches to the interpretation of the IT sphere. The authors of the article interpret IT-sphere with the activities of economic agents involved in developing a computerized system, storage, data processing, and data management. The authors describe the institutional and legal support for the IT market regulation; the components of the IT market. The authors investigate the chronology of the IT-sphere formation in Ukraine and identify five stages of its development: before 1990; 1990–2000; 2000–2020; 2011–2019; 2019 and to present. The article shows that during the pandemic, the domestic IT sector does not lose its potential, increases exports, and does not reduce public funds payments. Employment in the domestic IT sector is identified as prestigious based on a study of the rate of change in the number of IT specialists in Ukraine, the share of young people among them, and a comparative assessment of their income and income in other sectors of Ukraine’s economy. Originality/value. The authors hypothetically assume that the system of higher education and the volume of government procurement for IT specialists’ training affect the development of IT entrepreneurship in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of data on the distribution by region of Ukraine of the number of higher education institutions, the number of students in higher education institutions, the volume of government procurement for the training of IT specialists, the authors conclude the most increased localization of these indicators in the following regions: Kyiv, Kharkiv region, Lviv region, Dnipropetrovsk region, Odesa region. The authors show that the results of cluster analysis harmonize with the official information on the number of IT companies in Ukraine. This allowed the authors to prove the conclusion about the validity of the hypothetical assumption. A separate part of the article is dedicated to the strategic priorities of the state policy of developing the IT-sphere of Ukraine. The authors consider the effective development of the IT-sphere of Ukraine as strategic progress based on sustainability (viability for future generations), social value (producing effects that are beneficial to society), planning and predictability; effectiveness (multifaceted expediency); controllability, and settlement (state influence). Among the expected results of effective development of the IT-sphere of Ukraine, the authors single out the following: strengthening the role of the IT-sphere in the national economy; development of international cooperation; digitalization of social life and e-government; improving the business climate in IT and related fields; intensification of investment and innovation processes; enhancing the quality of life; expansion of the middle class. Practical implications. The study results can be used by public authorities and local selfgovernment, and extensive IT companies to predict and influence IT development in some countries.

FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR TRUST MANAGEMENT SERVICES

The article is devoted to the problems of the development of global markets for trust management services. The purpose of the article is to identify modern trends in the development of the global market for asset management services. The article uses the methods of quantitative empirical research, statistical analysis and visualization, comparative analysis and assessment of the dynamics of the main forms of development of trust management. The essence of trust management, its main forms, types of companies providing trust management services are disclosed. There is a gradual complication of the regulatory framework for trust management, although the features and models of regulation of trust activities or the activities of trust funds, the level of control and responsibility of the parties vary greatly in different countries. The advantages of trust management are systematized. The current trends in the development of trust management are characterized: regional asymmetry (mainly represented in the developed countries of Europe and the USA, the Asia-Pacific region is the fastest growing); the emergence of new forms (new instruments, institutional entities) and directions (the spread of offshore companies, the search for new markets). The formation of the global nature of the market is due to an increase in the volume of trust management services, an increase in income, the need to search for new forms of reliable savings and investments. The main development strategies of companies providing trust management services are identified and disclosed: global (focused on the global market), regional (focused on regional markets) and specialized (aimed at developing local markets or specialized products).

Lepton-charge and forward-backward asymmetries in Drell-Yan processes for precision electroweak measurements and new physics searches

Precision determinations of Standard Model (SM) Electro-Weak (EW) parameters at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are dominated by uncertainties due to Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs). Reweighting and profiling techniques are routinely employed to treat this. We explore approaches based on combining measurements of charged current and neutral current Drell-Yan (DY) asymmetries to improve PDF uncertainties. We present the results of a numerical analysis performed with the open-source platform xFitter. PDF uncertainties are examined for lepton-charge and forward-backward asymmetries in regions of transverse and invariant masses near the vector-boson peak, based on LHC Run III and HL-LHC luminosity scenarios. We discuss the complementarity of the asymmetries in reducing PDF uncertainties in observables relevant to both SM and Beyond the SM (BSM) physics.

Regional Asymmetries in Ocean Heat and Carbon Storage due to Dynamic Redistribution in Climate Model Projections

AbstractProjected changes in ocean heat and carbon storage are assessed in terms of the added and redistributed tracer using a transport-based framework, which is applied to an idealized climate model and a suite of six CMIP5 Earth system models following an annual 1% rise in atmospheric CO2. Heat and carbon budgets for the added and redistributed tracer are used to explain opposing regional patterns in the storage of ocean heat and carbon anomalies, such as in the tropics and subpolar North Atlantic, and the relatively reduced storage within the Southern Ocean. Here the added tracer takes account of the net tracer source and the advection of the added tracer by the circulation, while the redistributed tracer takes account of the time-varying circulation advecting the preindustrial tracer distribution. The added heat and carbon often have a similar sign to each other with the net source usually acting to supply the tracer. In contrast, the redistributed heat and carbon consistently have an opposing sign to each other due to the opposing gradients in the preindustrial temperature and carbon. These different signs in heat and carbon redistribution can lead to regional asymmetries in the climate-driven changes in ocean heat and carbon storage. For a weakening in the Atlantic overturning and strengthening in the Southern Ocean residual circulation, the high latitudes are expected to have heat anomalies of variable sign and carbon anomalies of a consistently positive sign, since added and redistributed tracers are opposing in sign for heat and the same sign for carbon there.

Increased Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Suicidal Ideation Severity in Acutely Suicidal Patients

Abnormalities in resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) activity and pain processing have been observed in depression and suicidal behavior. Frontal region asymmetry in resting-state alpha band activity has been associated with impaired brain functioning. Aberrations in resting-state EEG activity have been described in depressed patients; however, it is unclear how it compares to acutely suicidal patients. In this study, we aimed to examine the differences in frontal alpha asymmetry and psychological pain between acutely suicidal patients and non-suicidal depressed patients.

Asymmetric Amyloid Deposition as an Early Sign of Progression in Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer Disease.

In typical Alzheimer disease with dementia (ADD), amyloid pathologies affect both cerebral hemispheres symmetrically. However, the spatial distribution of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the early stage of ADD or over the course of disease has not been investigated. Therefore, we explored asymmetric pattern of Aβ deposition in both hemispheres according to the ADD continuum using 18F-florbetaben PET. Sixty-eight subjects, including 15 Aβ-negative normal controls, 28 Aβ-positive mild cognitive impairment (Aβ+ MCI), and 25 Aβ-positive ADD (Aβ+ ADD) subjects, were enrolled. Differences in the asymmetry index and SUV ratio in each of the 6 target regions (4 cortical lobes, cingulate, precuneus) plus composite region between groups were explored. The composite and target regional asymmetry indices were significantly different between groups and was highest in Aβ+ MCI (composite, occipital, and temporal, P < 0.001; frontal, P = 0.004). The composite and target regional SUV ratios were significantly different according to 3 groups with gradual increase and were highest in Aβ+ ADD (composite and all target regions, P < 0.001). The asymmetric pattern of amyloid deposition was distinct between Aβ-negative normal controls and Aβ+ MCI. This pattern disappeared as the disease progressed. These data indicate that asymmetric amyloid deposition may be an early sign of MCI over the course of ADD.

Osteochondroma of the left condylar head- Case Report

Facial asymmetry and pain in preauricular region are rare complaints encountered in our practice and in such cases proper examination are important. Osteochondroma (OC) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a rare, benign tumour of the jaw which leads to facial asymmetry, malocclusion and restricted mouth opening. Pain is not a frequent complaint but some patients can experience pain in cases of OC. Proper examination and radiographic techniques help in attaining a diagnosis. Final diagnosis is by histopatholgical examination and Treatment of choice is surgical excision. Here we are reporting a case of OC where history, clinical and radiographic examination helped in diagnosing the lesion. Keywords: Osteochondroma, Facial asymmetry, Benign tumour of TMJ.

Myeloarchitectonic Asymmetries of Language Regions in the Human Brain.

One prominent theory in neuroscience and psychology assumes that cortical regions for language are left hemisphere lateralized in the human brain. In the current study, we used a novel technique, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI), to examine interhemispheric asymmetries in language regions in terms of macromolecular tissue volume (MTV) and quantitative longitudinal relaxation time (T1) maps in the living human brain. These two measures are known to reflect cortical myeloarchitecture from the microstructural perspective. One hundred and fifteen adults (55 male, 60 female) were examined for their myeloarchitectonic asymmetries of language regions. We found that the cortical myeloarchitecture of inferior frontal areas including the pars opercularis, pars triangularis, and pars orbitalis is left lateralized, while that of the middle temporal gyrus, Heschl’s gyrus, and planum temporale is right lateralized. Moreover, the leftward lateralization of myelination structure is significantly correlated with language skills measured by phonemic and speech tone awareness. This study reveals for the first time a mixed pattern of myeloarchitectonic asymmetries, which calls for a general theory to accommodate the full complexity of principles underlying human hemispheric specialization.

A Novel Approach to Enhancement Linked Laser Asymmetric Keratectomy Using Semi-Cylindrical Ablation Pattern in Patients with Myopic Regression After Laser Refractive Surgery.

PurposeWe aimed to introduce a new technique to reduce regional asymmetry of corneal thickness by assessing its effectiveness in four patients with myopic regression after laser refractive surgery (LRS).Patients and MethodsFour patients (four eyes) with myopic regression after LRS were included in this study. A new technique of enhancement with laser epithelial keratomileusis-linked laser asymmetric keratectomy using semi-cylindrical ablation pattern (E-LAK-SCAP) with full integration of the Vision-Up software for analyzing the corneal thickness deviation can be used to create central symmetry by blocking laser ablation on the thin cornea. It reduces the regional asymmetry of the corneal thickness, thus improving corneal symmetry and correcting the refractive power and myopic shift due to E-LAK-SCAP. We measured refraction, visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal irregularities in the 3.0mm, and 5.0 zones on Orbscan maps, the sum of corneal thickness deviations in four directions (SUM), distance between the maximum posterior elevation (best-fit-sphere [BFS]) and the visual axis (DISTANCE), and angle kappa before and after LRS and E-LAK-SCAP. Blurring scores were measured before and after E-LAK-SCAP.ResultsThe uncorrected far visual acuity (LogMAR) increased after LRS and E-LAK-SCAP. SUM (µm) increased after LRS in three cases, but decreased in all four cases after E-LAK-SCAP. DISTANCE increased after LRS, but decreased after E-LAK-SCAP. The spherical equivalent, CCT, decreased after LRS and E-LAK-SCAP. Blurring scores decreased after E-LAK-SCAP, and angle kappa was similar before and after LRS, but decreased after E-LAK-SCAP. IOP was similar before and after both LRS and E-LAK-SCAP.ConclusionE-LAK-SCAP improved corneal symmetry by reducing the SUM and DISTANCE, showing good postoperative visual acuity, and blurring was reduced postoperatively. There was no myopic regression in the one-year postoperative period.

Structural Changes in the Market of Bank Deposits of Households in Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to identify the main factors that cause the structural changes in the market of bank deposits of households by regions of Ukraine. This is based on evaluating the spatial asymmetries in this market development in 2009–2018 by regions of Ukraine and identifying the factors that influences its structure by gross regional product (GRP) by means of the methodology of multivariate econometric modelling.&#x0D; Methodology. The following scientific methods are used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparative analysis and econometric modelling. The scope and coefficients of variation for such indicators as the share of household bank deposits by GRP, the volume of household bank deposits per capita, the structure of household bank deposits by terms in general, in national and foreign currencies are calculated. Determining the main factors for multiple regression equations influencing structural changes in the market of household bank deposits by GRP is based on the methodology of stepwise regression.&#x0D; Results of the research. The spatial peculiarities of household bank deposits development in Ukraine was analysed and the reduction of its capacity was revealed due to the unfavourable socio-economic situation, the reform of the banking system and the influence of geopolitical factors. Based on the assessment of variation indicators dynamics, it was found that this market is characterised by regional asymmetries in terms of types of currencies and placement of household deposits. Regression-correlation equations were built, in which the shares of household deposits by regions of Ukraine (Y1, % GRP), in national currency (Y2, % GRP) and foreign currency (Y3, % GRP) are selected as dependent variables. The following measures are proposed to achieve positive changes in the market of household bank deposits in Ukraine: reducing unemployment; creation of favourable conditions for increasing the average monthly salary in the regions and modifying household spending to make savings; formation of an appropriate interest rate policy aimed at actively attracting temporarily available funds of the population to commercial banks.

Researches on the effect of biofeedback training on cognitive processes and emotional states

Biofeedback method is a perspective approach in the behavioral psychiatry. It is widely used in clinical practice for correction of psychophysiological disorders, as well as for enhancement of cogni- tive abilities, productivity, stress tolerance, depression, etc. As this method is non-invasive and does not require medication, there is a relatively low risk of undesirable side effects in comparison with other means of treatment. In this paper the familiarization and applications of biofeedback are presented. A special accent is made in regard to literature review on the theme of enhancement of attention in health and correction of depressive state. According to the conducted studies, it was revealed that the main methods ap- proaches for attention improvement in health with the use of neurofeedback are trainings for increasing beta rhythms (12-18 Hz) and theta rhythms suppression (4-7 Hz), as well as SMR training (12-15 Hz). This article also provides a review of the literature on biofeedback devoted to the problem of the depres- sive state. Researches show that biofeedback trainings aimed in increasing alpha rhythms (8-12 Hz) and altering alpha asymmetries in the prefrontal regions of the brain show positive effect on the depression reduction. Key words: biofeedback, attention, depression.

Transient variations of vertical total electron content at low latitude during the period 2013–2017

Abstract We use GPS networks to measure the vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) variations at low latitude, in three longitude sectors: America, Europe-Africa and Asia, collected during the period 2013–2017. This period corresponds to the increasing phase of the solar cycle 24 (SC#24) observed around 2013–2014 as well as the decreasing phase around 2014–2017. Our results discussed a morphological analysis of regular variations in ionization during different phases of solar activity: daytime variations, seasonal and semi-annual variations and variations based on the solar cycle 24 in three longitude sectors. In all longitude sectors, the highest VTEC values are displayed during the two months of the spring, located after sunrise and before sunset. The lowest values are found during the summer and winter seasons. We found that the winter anomaly and the presence of equinoxial peaks are the most pronounced effects in VTECs in the increasing and decreasing phase of the SC#24. A strong asymmetry is detected between equinoxial peaks and the location of peaks occurring in March/April and October/November at maximum in the solar flux variations during the increase phase. We show that the daily VTEC maximum values were registered between 14:00 and 16:00 LT and the minimum values between 4:00 and 6:00 LT. Double ionization peak in the morning and evening is observed in VTEC annual variations, due to the proximity of the equatorial fountain stations. From the statistical analysis part, we observed practically the same distribution of the different classes of VTEC (two peaks, bell-shaped and plateau-shaped) variations in the three sectors of longitude. These observations indicate longitudinal variation in the presence of the winter anomaly in the Equatorial Ionized Anomaly (EIA) region. Additionally, we can note a longitudinal variation of the spring-autumn VTEC asymmetry in the EIA region during the five years 2013–2017. We observe also that the occurrence of nocturnal peak recorded around 19 local time (LT) shows the same characteristics as the vertical drift E × B (B: magnetic field is perpendicular to E: electric field.) with respect to solar cycle, season and longitude. Three essential characteristics we noted: 1) the occurrence of the nocturnal peak generally follows the solar cycle. 2) The occurrence of the nocturnal peak is generally stronger at the equinoxes than at the solstices. 3) The occurrence of the nocturnal peak is stronger in the Europe-Africa and America sectors than in the Asia sector. As a result, nocturnal peak occurrence is well related to the PRE at the origin of the GNSS signal scintillations.

Nanoscale Phononic Analog of the Ranque-Hilsch Vortex Tube

Thermal management is a current global challenge that must be addressed exhaustively. We propose the design of a nanoscale phononic analog of the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube in which heat flowing at a given temperature is split into two different streams going to the two ends of the device, inducing a temperature asymmetry. Our nanoscale prototype consists of two carbon nanotubes (capped and open) connected by molecular chains. The results show that the structural asymmetry in the contact regions is the key factor for producing the flux asymmetry and, hence, the induced temperature-bias effect. The effect can be controlled by tuning the thermal-equilibration temperature, the number of chains, and the chain length. Deposition on a substrate adds another variable to the manipulation of the flux asymmetry but the effect vanishes at very large substrate temperatures. Our study yields insights into the thermal management in nanoscale materials, especially the crucial issue of whether the thermal asymmetry can survive phonon scattering over relatively long distances, and thus provides a starting point for the design of a nanoscale phononic analog of the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube.

Impacto territorial de la concentración económica en el norte de México en 2018

En el norte de México, las asimetrías regionales son causadas por la concentración económica de los municipios de la región: por un lado, la hipótesis alternativa sostiene la existencia de dependencia espacial entre los municipios; por el contrario, la hipótesis nula, argumenta la ausencia de dependencia espacial, es decir, la densidad económica de los municipios no está dada por la concentración económica de sus municipios vecinos. Este análisis se realizó a partir del censo económico de INEGI 2018. El artículo: 1) presenta los referentes teóricos y la estrategia metodológica desarrollada; 2) revisa las políticas de desarrollo regional; 3) analiza la densidad económica de los espacios municipales desde el enfoque de análisis exploratorio de datos, empleando la econometría espacial con base en el cálculo del Índice de Moran y los sistemas de información geográfica. En conclusión, la apertura comercial ha contribuido a reforzar las asimetrías regionales en el territorio, pues no sólo persisten, sino que se profundizan en los municipios tradicionalmente retrasados a medida que se globalizan las economías estatales y nacional. Además, en este territorio, los programas implementados son diseñados por el gobierno federal y responden a criterios sectoriales y mandatos en sus secretarías.

A system of spatially connected federalism based on regional specialization

The relevance of the article is due to the need to develop a model of federalism in Russia in the context of the existing problem of asymmetry of territorial development, which has not yet been eliminated by the current federal policy. The problem of the asymmetry of Russian regions is caused by a variety of natural, industrial, ethnic, social, and geographical conditions. This entails an asymmetry of economic and budgetary indicators: gross regional product, investments, revenues and expenditures of regional budgets. As a reason for the ineffectiveness of the pursued policy of federalism, the authors highlight a single universal approach in relations between the federal center and the regions. The article proposes a transition from a universal model to a model that considers the specialization of regions. This model is based on the principles of "smart specialization", in which each region is assigned a special role in the functioning of the state. The proposed model is called by the authors "spatially binding economic federalism» because it provides for the regulation of federalism relations along the horizontal state structure and allows increasing the spatial connectivity of regions. Thus, the proposed model of federalism is based on a differentiated approach to territories within a single federal state and makes it possible to overcome the significant disintegration of the country's economic space.

Distinctive regional asymmetry in dopaminergic and serotoninergic dysfunction in degenerative Parkinsonisms

PurposeThis study aimed to identify regional asymmetry in dopaminergic and serotoninergic dysfunction in degenerative parkinsonisms, using dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography images. Material and methodsThis study included 213 consecutive participants (Parkinson's disease [n = 111], dementia with Lewy bodies [n = 64], progressive supranuclear palsy with Richardson's syndrome [n = 18], and healthy participants [n = 20]) who underwent both magnetic resonance imaging and 123I-labelled 2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl) nortropane single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography. Using normalized specific binding ratio images, we created voxel-wise regional asymmetry index images to identify the regional specific pattern of regional asymmetries in degenerative parkinsonisms. ResultsCompared with healthy controls, patients with Parkinson's disease showed a regional asymmetry index increase in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway, and those with dementia with Lewy bodies showed a regional asymmetry index increase confined to the bilateral caudate. Individuals with progressive supranuclear palsy exhibited a distinct regional asymmetry index increase in the pallido-subthalamic pathway. Notably, the regional asymmetry index increase in the subthalamic nucleus was significantly greater in progressive supranuclear palsy than in Parkinson's disease. ConclusionThe current study revealed distinctive regional asymmetry in dopaminergic and serotoninergic dysfunction in degenerative parkinsonisms. The present findings highlight the potential application of visual diagnosis in degenerative parkinsonisms.

Mapping cortical and subcortical asymmetries in substance dependence: Findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group.

Brain asymmetry reflects left-right hemispheric differentiation, which is a quantitative brain phenotype that develops with age and can vary with psychiatric diagnoses. Previous studies have shown that substance dependence is associated with altered brain structure and function. However, it is unknown whether structural brain asymmetries are different in individuals with substance dependence compared with nondependent participants. Here, a mega-analysis was performed using a collection of 22 structural brain MRI datasets from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Structural asymmetries of cortical and subcortical regions were compared between individuals who were dependent on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis (n=1,796) and nondependent participants (n=996). Substance-general and substance-specific effects on structural asymmetry were examined using separate models. We found that substance dependence was significantly associated with differences in volume asymmetry of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc; less rightward; Cohen's d=0.15). This effect was driven by differences from controls in individuals with alcohol dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d=0.10) and nicotine dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d=0.11). These findings suggest that disrupted structural asymmetry in the NAcc may be a characteristic of substance dependence.