Reduction In Sleep Time Research Articles

Does Stress Affect Adolescent Anxiety by Mediating Sleep Time?

Background: Health is essential for the sustainable well-being, yet high stress, anxiety, and lack of sleep among Korean adolescents have become significant social concerns.Methods: This study examined the impact of stress on anxiety and investigated whether sleep time mediates this relationship in 46,870 male and female adolescents, ranging from first-year of middle school students to third-year high school students. Data were obtained from the "18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey" conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.Results: The analysis showed that increased stress was associated with reduced sleep time and higher anxiety levels, stress was found to heighten anxiety, partly by reducing sleep time.Conclusions: Based on these findings, the study recommends: ① developing mental health indicators to quickly identify adolescents at risk for mental health issues, ② encouraging cooperation between schools, government agencies, healthcare providers to enhance access to mental health programs for adolescents, and ③ implementing policies that promote healthy behaviors, ensure adequate sleep, and improve overall well-being.

The effects of bedroom microclimate regulation behaviors on sleep quality: A field study on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

The environmental regulatory behaviors of humans have a myriad of effects on the microclimate of bedrooms and the quality of sleep. Due to the special geographical climate, proposing non-invasive optimal strategies for environmental regulation is of considerable significance to improve sleep quality among high-altitude residents. However, there is no report on the environmental regulatory behaviors of residents at high-altitudes. Conducted in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at an altitude of 3255m, this study investigated the environmental regulatory behaviors, bedroom microclimate, and sleep quality of 355 local residents over the course of one week, and analyzed the influence of the behaviors on the bedroom environment and sleep quality. Results from 1462 nights of monitoring revealed that residents of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau prefer to sleep with doors or windows open in both winter and summer. Leaving the doors or windows open during summer led to a reduction in sleep time, rapid eye movement sleep and awakening time, which is the most prominent sleep issue at high-altitude, while in winter the percentage of deep sleep decreased with open doors or windows. The habit of humidification displayed a noticeable seasonal bias, with plateau residents being more inclined to adopt humidification measures in winter. Based on the results, this study recommends sleeping with doors or windows open without humidification in summer, while in the winter, humidification is necessary.

Chronic sleep restriction during juvenility alters hedonic and anxiety-like behaviours in a sex-dependent fashion in adolescent Wistar rats.

Chronic reduction of sleep time in children and adolescents has been related to increased incidence of anxiety and depression. In rats, protocols of protracted sleep deprivation or chronic sleep restriction (CSR) are considered a stressor. In previous studies we showed that post-weaning CSR in male rats induces anxiety-like behaviour and changes in neurotransmission in emotion-related brain areas. In the present study we examined whether the effects of this adversity are sex-dependent. Twenty-two litters, containing four males and four females were distributed into control (CTL) and CSR groups. CSR began on postnatal day (PND) 21 and lasted for 21 days; each day the animals were placed onto small platforms immersed in water for 18 h and were allowed to sleep freely in their home-cages for the remaining 6 h. Throughout the CSR, all animals underwent the sucrose splash test once/week to assess their self-care and hedonic behaviours. Body weight was measured on PNDs 21 and 42. At the end of CSR period, the adolescents were allowed to sleep freely for 2 days, after which, behavioural tests began. Within each litter, one male and one female (pair) were not tested and provided blood and brain for determination of basal corticosterone (CORT) levels and hippocampal BDNF. One pair was tested in the sucrose preference test (SPT), one pair on the elevated plus maze (EPM) and one pair in the forced swim test (FST). CORT was measured after all conditions. CSR impaired self-care behaviour and body weight gain in males and females and increased relative adrenal weight only in males. There were no changes in sucrose intake in the SPT; CSR females displayed less immobility in the FST and CSR males displayed more anxiety-like behaviour in the EPM. CORT levels were similar between CTL and CSR males, whilst lower in CSR females than CTL ones in all experimental conditions. No changes in BDNF levels were detected in the dorsal hippocampus of CSR rats. The results indicate that CSR impaired self-care behaviour in both sexes, but only males displayed anxiety-like behaviour, whilst sleep recovery in females appeared to normalise their behaviour.

Circadian-informed lighting improves vigilance, sleep, and subjective sleepiness during simulated night shift work.

Shiftwork is associated with cognitive impairment and reduced sleep time and quality, largely due to circadian misalignment. This study tested if circadian-informed lighting could improve cognitive performance and sleep during simulated night shifts versus dim control lighting. Nineteen healthy participants (Mean±SD 29±10 years, 12 males, 7 females) were recruited to a laboratory study consisting of two counterbalanced 8-day lighting conditions (order randomized) 1-month apart: 1) control lighting condition- dim, blue-depleted and 2) circadian-informed lighting condition- blue-enriched and blue-depleted where appropriate. Participants underwent an adaptation night (22:00h - 07:00h), then four nights of simulated nightwork (cognitive testing battery of nine tasks, 00:00h - 08:00h) and sleep during the day (10:00h - 19:00h). Psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) lapses, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) scores, and polysomnography-derived sleep outcomes were compared between conditions and across days using mixed models. Significant condition-by-day-by-time of task interaction effects were found for PVT lapses, median reaction time, and reaction speed, with ~50% fewer lapses by the end of simulated shiftwork with circadian-informed lighting versus control (mean±SD 7.4±5.0 vs. 15.6±6.1). KSS was lower around the nightshift midpoints on days 6 and 7 with circadian versus control lighting. Participants slept 52 minutes longer [95% CIs: 27.5, 76.5 mins] by Day 7 with circadian-informed versus control lighting, p<0.001. Effects were inconsistent on other performance tasks. Circadian-informed lighting improved sleep, sleepiness, and vigilance compared to control lighting. These findings support the potential for lighting interventions to improve sleep and vigilance in night shift workers chronically exposed to dim lighting.

The Effect of Fear of Missing Out and SNS Addiction Proneness on Bedtime Procrastination: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Negative Affect

Objectives: The discrepancy between the intention to go to bed and actual behavior is called bedtime procrastination (BP), which is associated with sleep deprivation and reduced sleep time; the higher the level, the higher the daytime sleepiness and fatigue. This study examined how fear of missing out (FoMO), social network service (SNS) addiction proneness, and negative affect (NA) impact BP. Methods: In total, 273 adults (male, 46.5%; female, 53.5%; mean age, 27.15±1.86 years) completed the FoMO scale, SNS addiction proneness scale, NA scale, and BP scale. Results: First, only proneness to SNS addiction had a significant effect on BP (B=0.228, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01). This study verified the significance of the indirect effect and found that SNS addiction proneness completely mediated the relationship between FoMO and BP (B=0.086, 95% CI=0.023– 0.152). Second, the moderating effect of NA was significant in the relationship between FoMO and SNS addiction proneness (B=0.126, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01). Third, the moderated mediating effect of NA through SNS addiction proneness was significant in the relationship between FoMO and BP (Moderated Mediation Index=0.029, 95% bootstrap CI=0.004–0.060). Conclusions: This study is significant in that it verifies the relationship between FoMO and BP, SNS addiction proneness, and NA, and identifies motivational and behavioral factors that cause BP.

Chronic exposure to polytetrafluoroethylene microplastics caused sex-specific effects in the model insect, Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae).

Microplastics (MPs) have become a prominent environmental concern due to their ubiquity in various ecosystems and widespread distribution through multiple channels. In this study, the oral effects of 2,000 mesh polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microplastics were tested against Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen), at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 20. After exposure to a microplastic-containing medium for 20 days, energy metabolism, fecundity, spontaneous movement, and sleeping time were measured. The study results showed that glucose levels in male flies were significantly reduced after exposure to PTFE-MPs. Measurement of lipid and protein levels indicated an increase in males but decrease in females, whereas these changes were not statistically significant. Reduction in sleep time was also observed, especially in males at the concentration of 20 g/l. Our study indicates that chronic exposure of PTFE-MPs can change energy metabolism and the amount of sleep on D. melanogaster in a sex dependent and dose dependent way. The results of our study are hoped to contribute to a better understanding of the effects of microplastics as new pollutants on insects.

Prevalence of sleep disorders in teenage girls in Irkutsk (questionnaire data)

Background. Adequate sleep ensures a person’s physical and psycho-emotional well-being. Adolescence is one of the critical stages of life. The exclusive attention of specialists and leveling the impact of adverse factors on the body during this period is the key to the proper development and preservation of the health of adolescents. Meanwhile, sleep problems in teenage girls remain poorly understood.The aim. To study the features of the sleep regime and quality of sleep of teenage girls in the city of Irkutsk.Materials and methods. A survey of 422 teenage girls in the city of Irkutsk was conducted using a translated version of a questionnaire about adolescent sleep habits to subjectively assess their sleep and wakefulness. Two groups were formed: group I – girls with sleep problems (n = 171); group II – girls without sleep problems (n = 251).Results. Sleep disorders among teenage girls in the city of Irkutsk occurred with a frequency of 40.52 %. In most cases, a complex effect of various unfavorable factors on the sleep process has been identified. The adolescents with sleep disorders we examined were characterized by higher rates of sleep latency, later bedtime, earlier awakening, decreased time of night sleep, as well as changes in the sleep shift indicator towards its increase. These violations were noted both on weekdays and on weekends.Conclusions. Sleep problems were reported in 40.52% of respondents. The complex impact of various unfavorable factors on sleep quality has been revealed. The features of sleep hygiene of teenage girls are reflected. The group of girls with sleep problems was characterized by increased sleep latency, later bedtime, earlier awakening, reduced sleep time, and an increase in sleep shift.

Sleep and Its Disturbance in Parents of Children and Adolescents with Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Sleep disturbances are commonly reported by parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy. However, evidence synthesis including quality and quantity of sleep in parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to quantify pooled mean estimates of parental sleep variables and to determine the prevalence of sleep disturbances in parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy. Five electronic databases, PubMed, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, and CINAHL, were systematically searched from inception to September 2021. Eleven observational studies examining parents of pediatric patients aged <18 years with epilepsy using a quantitative measure of sleep duration, sleep quality, or sleep disturbance were reviewed. Our results showed that the pooled nocturnal sleep duration was 5.93 hours (95% CI: 4.64 to 7.21 hours). Overall sleep quality as estimated by the bias-adjusted pooled Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score was 6.65 (95% CI: 5.98 to 7.33). Parents of children with epilepsy had significantly higher Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total scores compared to parents of healthy children (differences in means 1.84, 95% CI: 1.29 to 2.39). The pooled estimated prevalence of parental sleep disturbances was 58.1% (95% CI: 45.7% to 69.6%). Our findings demonstrate a high prevalence of sleep disturbances with poor sleep quality and substantial reductions in sleep time in parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy. Healthcare professionals in pediatric neurology clinics should proactively initiate screening for sleep disturbances in parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy and refer parents to a sleep specialist when necessary.

The Link Between Sleeping and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.

Adults should get at least seven hours of sleep each night to preserve their overall health and well-being. Sleep disorders and other sleep-related issues affect a sizeable portion of the population. This reduction in sleep time may be brought on by the stress of modern life. This study's main goal was to look into the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and sleep. In this study, papers were thoroughly screened utilizing keywords using databases like PubMed, PubMed Central, and MEDLINE. Additionally, a few articles were taken from the Cochrane Library. This study screened papers by title and abstract before applying inclusion/exclusion criteria. Eleven related studies were carefully assessed, and a quality evaluation check was conducted. T2DM and sleep issues are frequent issues that frequently coexist. People with T2DM frequently experience sleep problems, which can be bad for their health, their mood, and their quality of life. On the other hand, sleep disturbances like obstructive sleep apnea increase the risk of metabolic diseases like T2DM. As part of standard clinical practice, all T2DM patients should be tested for sleep disturbances and given proper care. Evidence suggests that sleep problems may play a role in metabolic abnormalities as risk factors.

Objective and self-reported sleep outcomes in people with comorbid alcohol and opioid use disorder: examining the role of gabapentin

ABSTRACT Background Chronic substance use contributes to reduced sleep time and REM sleep, and increased sleep latency and WASO. These effects are exacerbated by withdrawal, impact craving, and increase risk factors for relapse to substance use. Methods This secondary analysis examined objective and subjective sleep data in individuals with comorbid alcohol and opioid use disorders (AUD and OUD) in an 8-week randomized, double-blind inpatient trial on gabapentin’s subjective and physiological effects on oxycodone and alcohol alone, and their combination. Participants (n = 13; 8% female) were non-treatment-seeking individuals with OUD and AUD. Participants wore an ActiWatch Monitor nightly and completed daily sleep diaries. We examined the effects of gabapentin on sleep after nine laboratory sessions where oxycodone (0 mg, 15 mg, 30 mg), alcohol (placebo, 0.5 g/kg, 0.75 g/kg) and combined doses were administered and explored the relationship between baseline substance use and sleep. Results Active gabapentin dosing attenuated the relationship between laboratory-administered alcohol, oxycodone, and their combinations on some objective sleep measures, but not others. Self-reported heroin and alcohol use at baseline impacted sleep outcomes throughout the inpatient trial. Discussion and Conclusion Gabapentin may attenuate the negative effects of opioids and alcohol on sleep, though further work is needed to examine this relationship. Scientific Significance Subjective and objective sleep outcomes are impacted by laboratory-administered doses of alcohol, oxycodone, and their combination, though patterns of results were somewhat inconsistent. More work is needed to understand safe and effective treatments for sleep disruption in those with OUD and AUD.

코로나-19 발생 이후 일상생활활동 변화와 인지된 사회적 지지가 지역사회 노인의 우울에 미치는 영향*

This study investigated the influence of changes in daily living activities and perceived social support on depression among community-dwelling older adults. The present research is the secondary analysis study based on a cross-sectional 2020 Community Health Survey. The sample consisted of older adults (n=50,256) aged 65 years or older. The differences in level of depression and relationship of changes in daily living activities during COVID-19 pandemic and perceived social support with depression in elderly were assessed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression analysis. The main findings were that the decrease in indoor and outdoor physical activities (OR=1.31, 95% CI=1.17-1.46), reduced sleep time (OR=2.29, 95% CI=1.97-2.66), increased sleep time (OR=1.37, 95% CI=1.13-1.66), and absence of perceived social support (OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.23-2.08) were significantly associated with depression in elderly. Given the potential outbreak of another infectious disease in the near future, the findings of this study highlight the interest in mental well-being and need for prevention and intervention services for depression, especially in community-dwelling elderly.

Évaluation de la santé mentale et des facteurs psychosociaux chez les élèves officiers de l’école de la marine marchande

IntroductionSeveral studies have demonstrated the existence of mental disorders and psychosocial risks among sailors, particularly merchant navy officers. The main risk factors reported are assuming the status of an officer, longer working hours and the consequent reduction in sleep time, loneliness, separation from family, and, more recently, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (fear for one's own health and that of one's family, and longer embarkation times). The low decision latitude of crew members compared to that of officers has also been highlighted. To date, no studies have been carried out among merchant navy officer cadets. MethodsA working group including members of the Merchant Navy school and the hospital of the University of Brest was set up. A questionnaire was devised that included demographic and navigational data to which we added the GHQ-12, HAD and Karasek questionnaires. All the students were asked to complete the questionnaire anonymously and submit it electronically. The results of the questionnaires were then analyzed using internationally recognized scoring procedures. A descriptive analysis phase was conducted which was followed by an analysis according to the Karasek scoring categories. ResultsIn all, 170 questionnaires were submitted. The participant population was predominantly male (76.4%), and the average age of the students was 21.7 years. Nearly 20% of the students stated that they had experienced a traumatic event during an on-board training course. We note that the average GHQ-12 is 13.3 and therefore higher than 12. The HAD anxiety and HAD depression averages are 6.9 and 5.37 respectively, with 18.2% and 7.6% of the students included showing signs of anxiety and depression. According to Karasek's classification, we note that the “active” class is the most represented with 29.4% of students, followed by the “tense” and “relaxed” classes with 27.6%. The “passive” class is the least represented with 15.3%. DiscussionThis study demonstrates that the students of the French Merchant Navy Officer Training School evaluated their overall health as average, with a predominance of anxiety disorders but few signs of depression. Signs of “work strain” according to the Karasek questionnaire were found in 1/4 of these young officers. The proportion of cadets showing signs of anxiety and depression according to the HAD questionnaire is similar to that shown in studies among French and European officers. On the other hand, the proportion of cadets classified as “tense” is higher. Concerning traumatic events, in a semi-structured analysis of the students’ first deployments at sea, the main stress factors reported were how the ship was managed, damaged, piracy and then weather conditions. The period of study within the ENSM involves both a period of theoretical learning but also one of practical training. In the highly specific environment of the merchant navy, the impact of psychosocial constraints seems to be significant. These data also raise questions about the impact of the profession as well as that of the SARS CoV-2 pandemic period. This also raises the issue of the fitness of certain students to sail where they showed signs of anxiety and depression at the time of the survey, and of others who are at risk of developing this type of pathology, which is included in the list of criteria for unfitness for sea duty.

0782 Sleep and Its Disturbance in Parents of Children and Adolescents with Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Introduction Sleep disturbances are commonly reported by parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy. However, evidence synthesis including quality and quantity of sleep in parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy is lacking. A greater understanding of the characteristics of sleep patterns and sleep problems in parents of children with epilepsy is needed because when the sleep of the parents is compromised, the parents’ ability to provide quality care for the child may be hampered. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize published studies examining sleep and its disturbance in parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy. Methods Five electronic databases, PubMed, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, and CINAHL, were systematically searched from inception to September 2021. Studies examining parents or caregivers of pediatric patients aged &amp;lt; 18 years with epilepsy using a quantitative measure of sleep duration, sleep quality, or sleep disturbance were included. Available data were pooled using random-effects or fixed-effects models on the basis of heterogeneity between studies. Results Eleven observational studies with a total of 934 parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy were reviewed. The pooled nocturnal sleep duration was only 5.93 hours (95% CI: 4.64 to 7.21 hours). Overall sleep quality as estimated by the bias-adjusted pooled Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score was 6.65 (95% CI: 5.98 to 7.33). Parents of children with epilepsy had significantly higher Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total scores in comparison to parents of healthy children (differences in means: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.29 to 2.39). The pooled estimated prevalence of parental sleep disturbances was 58.1% (95% CI: 45.7% to 69.6%). Conclusion Our findings demonstrate a high prevalence of sleep disturbances with poor sleep quality and substantial reductions in sleep time in parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy. Healthcare professionals in pediatric neurology clinics should initiate screening of sleep disturbances in parents and refer parents to a sleep specialist when necessary. Support (if any) This work was supported by Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, MOST 110-2628-B-002-039.

The Association Between Dry Eye and Sleep Disorders: The Evidence and Possible Mechanisms.

Dry eye is a disease that severely affects patients' quality of life, increasing the global burden on public health and finance. There is growing evidence that a poor lifestyle is a significant risk factor for dry eye. Along with the development of society, sleep, as a way of life, is also constantly changing. The main manifestations of sleep disorders are reduced sleep time, circadian rhythm disturbances, and sleep breathing disturbances. Sleep disorders and their secondary systemic diseases have attracted wide attention in recent years. This review mainly explored the correlation between sleep disorders and dry eye, and found that sleep-related problems and other factors potentially leading from sleep disorders could be critical factors for dry eye. These results suggest that ophthalmologists should pay attention to the sleep health problems in patients with dry eye, and we hope that this paper can provide help for future research in this field.

Association of sleep duration and quality with depression Among University Students and Faculty.

Highly competitive and demanding environments in educational institutions led to reduced sleep time for both students and faculty globally. The primary objective of this study was to determine the duration and quality of sleep among students and faculty of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU). The secondary objective was to explore the relationship between depression and sleep duration and quality among students and faculty. The study was conducted during 2021 in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. An online survey was disseminated among the university students. The survey form included: demographic data, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness scale (ESS). The responses were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. A total of 509 responses satisfying the inclusion criteria were included (323 student and 186 faculty). The average sleep duration for the entire cohort was 6.21 ± 1.32 hours, with 6.5% sleeping less than 5 hours per night. The mean PSQI score was 7.61 ± 3.09, with 73.1% falling in the poor sleep quality category (PSQI score >5). The mean PHQ9 score was 8.86 ± 6.20, with 63.9% falling in the mild depression category. The mean ESS score was 6.59 ± 4.02, with 11% having a score >10 (corresponding to excessive daytime sleepiness). A significant proportion of surveyed students and faculty IAU suffer from sleep insufficiency, poor sleep quality, and mild degree of depression. Initiatives to tackle the issue of poor sleep quality and quantity among university students and faculty are required.

Pengaruh Smartphone Terhadap Kualitas Tidur pada Siswa Kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Barumun Tengah

Excessive use of smartphones is causing a reduction in sleep quality due to reduced sleep time, not sleeping well, delays in starting sleep and waking up, not feeling refreshed when awakened and can cause nightmares, also the use of gadgets causes the brain to receive stimuli from outside in the form of sound. , light, and vibration from gadgets that keep a person awake at night. Smartphone is an electronic device or instrument that has a practical purpose and function, especially to help human work. a small electronic device that has a special function. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of smartphone use on the sleep quality of SMA Negeri 1 Barumun students, with the research method carried out by researchers using quantitative research, with a descriptive research design that emphasized quality or the most important thing. The population of this study was class XI high school students. Negeri 1 in Barumun Tengah which amounted to 161 people and the sampling was by using a random sampling technique. The instrument of this research used a questionnaire. Data analysis using Correction test. The results of the analysis of 40 respondents who were examined from the use of smartphones, the majority of the results were influential, namely as many as 29 people (72.5%) and the minority did not affect as many as 11 people (27.5%). The results of the Spearman correlation test obtained a significance level of p value of 0.000 (p &lt; 0.05), meaning that Ho was rejected. Ha was accepted. So it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the use of smartphones on sleep quality and the researcher's advice to be able to use smartphones in certain things, namely for learning.

CORRELATION OF SLEEP TIME WITH QUALITY OF LIFE IN ELDERLY AT MANDING TIMUR VILLAGE, SUMENEP

Background: In the elderly, there are anatomical, physiological, and psychological changes that can result in reduced sleep time in the elderly, and are thought to affect the quality of life of the elderly. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep time and quality of life in the elderly. Methods: This study used an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study was 35 elderly people in East Manding Village. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling by determining the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The tool used is the WHOQOL-BREF test to measure the quality of life of the elderly and uses the sleep time provisions from the Ministry of Health (Ministry of Health) to measure sleep time in the elderly. Results: Data analysis used a contingency correlation test with a significance value of p&lt;0.05. The correlation between sleep time and quality of life in the physical condition domain was positive, moderate, significant (r = 0.508 with p = 0.000); with the domain of psychological condition is positive, moderate strength, significant (r = 0.408 with p = 0.03); with the environmental factor domain being positive, moderate in strength, significant (r = 0.510 with p = 0.002); while in the domain of social relations there is no significant correlation. Conclusion: Sleep time is positively, moderately, and significantly correlated with quality of life in the domains of physical conditions, psychological conditions, and environmental factors. This means that the higher the sleep time, the better the quality of life in physical, psychological, and environmental conditions. These findings contribute to science and health promotion in geriatrics for the welfare of the elderly.

248-OR: MiTy Kids: Follow-Up of Offspring Exposed to Metformin In-Utero in Mothers with Type 2 Diabetes in the MiTy Trial

Background: Offspring of mothers with T2D are at increased risk of obesity and diabetes. In the MiTy trial [pregnant T2D randomized to metformin vs. placebo], infants exposed to metformin were lighter, had lower fat-mass and risk of large-for-gestational-age, but at higher risk of small-for-gestational-age. There are questions on the long-term effects of in-utero exposure to metformin on offspring of women with T2D. Aim: To examine adiposity in children of women with T2D, with and without exposure to metformin, up to 24 months. Methods: We included infants of women who participated in MiTy. Anthropometric measurements were made at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months of age. At 24 months, t-tests and linear regression were used to estimate differences in BMI z-score and sum of skinfolds by metformin group, adjusted for confounders. Comparisons over time used longitudinal models, with fractional polynomials for growth trajectories. Results: Of the 465 eligible children from MiTy, 283 (60.8%) participated in MiTy Kids. At 24 months, there was no difference in BMI z-score (0·84±1·52 in metformin vs. 0·91±1·38 in placebo (p=0.72)) or sum of skinfolds (23·0±5·2 in metformin vs. 23·8±5·3 in placebo (p=0.31)) between groups. There was no difference in BMI trajectory by treatment overall but in males, treatment had significantly different trajectories (p=0.048) ; the metformin BMI was higher from 8 to 24 months. At 24 months, reduced sleep time (p=0.0125) and increased screen time (p=0.0549) were associated with increased BMI z-score. Offspring of women with T2D were approximately 1 SD heavier than the WHO reference population. Conclusion: Offspring of women with T2D with and without exposure to metformin in-utero had similar anthropometrics overall. In males, metformin led to higher BMI growth trajectory between 8 and 24 months. Future follow-up is needed to see if these findings continue. Disclosure D.Feig: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk, Research Support; Apotex. A.Armson: None. J.F.R.Barrett: None. L.E.Donovan: Other Relationship; Dexcom, Inc., Inner Analytics, Medtronic, Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. P.Karanicolas: Research Support; Baxter. G.Klein: None. S.Tobin: None. K.Mangoff: None. G.Tomlinson: None. J.Hamilton: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk Canada Inc., Research Support; Mead Johnson &amp; Company, LLC. J.Sanchez: None. K.Murphy: None. E.Asztalos: None. B.Zinman: Advisory Panel; Abbott Diabetes, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck &amp; Co., Inc., Novo Nordisk Canada Inc., Sanofi K.K. D.Simmons: Other Relationship; Elsevier, Research Support; Abbott, Hitachi, Ltd., Novo Nordisk, Speaker's Bureau; Sanofi. A.Haqq: None. I.G.Fantus: None. L.Lipscombe: n/a. Funding Canadian Health Institute for Research

Problematic internet use among elementary school students during the Covid – 19 pandemic

IntroductionDuring Covid-19 pandemic schools in Greece were closed and distance education instituted.ObjectivesTo find out whether the pandemic circumstances and the catholic internet access affected the time students spend on web activities other than educational duties.MethodsOur sample consisted of 1213 parents with children from 4th, 5th, and 6th elementary school grades. They were collected with snowball sampling through internet, and they filled closed ended questions anonymous questionary.ResultsDuring the pandemic the amount of time that children spent on the internet for purposes other than school obligations (social media, videogames, videos) was increasing by the time. On holidays and weekends this time was further increased. Parents mentioned reduced sleep time, reduced interest in hobbies and activities, as well as in person social communication with friends and loss of interest for school and educational matters. Children spend a lot of time on internet activities and sometimes they use it to avoid loneliness and negative situations. According to parents if their child doesn’t spend its preferrable time on the internet, get anxious, irritable, and sad. Often the child hides the time of internet use. Children from families with low socioeconomic, educational level, family income are more vulnerable to develop internet problematic use.ConclusionsSocial isolation, school closures, distance education, cancellation of after school activities and the facile internet access increased problematic internet use. This use is associated with behavioural, emotional and psychosocial problems. It is important to give information and implement educational programs for parents about how to control internet use of their children.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

IDF21-0433 Association of fasting plasma glucose levels with sleep timings in rural Indians

Background: The median sleep time per night has been declining in the world consistently over last 5 decades. Although insomnia is highly prevalent in world, much of the reduction in sleep time reflects voluntary sleep restriction, with 43% of adults reporting that they often stay up later than they should watching television or using the Internet and 45% reporting that they sleep less to get more work done. Various studies have found that increased mortality has been associated with usual sleep times of less than 7 or more than 8 hours per night.