Reduce Calculation Errors Research Articles

A Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Kas Rute12 Berbasis Web pada RT 012 RW004 Tanah Merdeka Jakarta Timur

The monthly contribution payment system at RT 012 RW 004 Tanah Merdeka, East Jakarta, still relies on a manual process using a contribution book, making it prone to errors and discrepancies between the money collected and the recording report. To overcome this problem, a web-based application has been developed called RUTE12. This application aims to simplify the tasks of RT officers in recording and managing finances while increasing community involvement. With the introduction of digitalization, it is hoped that it can reduce calculation errors, align the amounts collected with reports, and increase service efficiency. RUTE12 also plays a role in increasing community participation in various RT/RW activities, providing positive benefits for improving the financial system at the RT level, and being an inspiration for similar developments in various regions.

An improved habitat suitability index for the great crested newt Triturus cristatus

An improved habitat suitability index for the great crested newt Triturus cristatus

DIGITALISASI MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN MELALUI SISTEM INFORMASI PADA ATRAKSI JOGGING TRACK DI DESA WISATA MENGWI

Recorded financial management will make it easier for managers to create programs, control, view history and determine future policies. Mengwi Village is one of the tourist villages in Badung Regency, Bali. Its has experienced problems so far because financial recording is still done manually. It is hoped that the digitization of financial management through an information system can help financial management, especially regarding the finances of the jogging track tourist attraction. Digital management of information systems so that they are more accurate and efficient. The Financial Information System in the Mengwi Tourism Village, called SIKU Mengwi, was designed using the waterfall method approach. It is hoped that the SIKU Mengwi will make it easier to record financial transactions, prepare financial reports, increase the accuracy of reports by reducing calculation errors because it has been computed by the system and ultimately help in making policies and program activities for developing the Mengwi Tourism Village.

DETERMINATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF THE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

The article systematizes the factors that form the innovative potential of food industry enterprises. Particular emphasis is placed on such factors as technological development, innovative culture, financing of innovations, industry specifics, personnel potential, and state assistance. The authors use simulation modeling to achieve the research objectives. Based on the decomposition of the system into subsystems, easy-to-use analytical models were created for evaluation, which allow to represent the input influences as a sequence of numerical values that arrive at a certain interval. The use of the proposed models allows for interpreting input data as mathematical dependencies describing the sequence and content of signals and data in a real system. The authors have developed an algorithm for constructing an econometric model to assess the impact of factors on the formation of the innovative potential of food industry enterprises. Special attention is dedicated to such blocks as identification of variables, data collection, model construction, model evaluation, model verification, and use of the model for forecasting. The article demonstrates the potential of using the model for forecasting to create favorable conditions for the development of innovative projects and to increase the competitiveness of enterprises in the sector. A system of equations is presented showing how various factors influence the formation of innovative potential of food industry enterprises. The authors have substantiated that using the proposed method of forecasting, based on the extrapolation of trends, allowed to consider the relationships between cause and effect factors and to assess the innovative potential. The authors emphasize that the proposed model makes it possible to take into account the influence of various factors to reduce calculation errors when evaluating the volume of innovation potential in the dynamics.

МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ЕВАКУАЦІЇ ЛЮДЕЙ ПРИ ПОЖЕЖІ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ ПРОГРАМНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ PATHFINDER

This research analyses scientific publications that highlight the problems of evacuation of people during emergencies and the latest methods, techniques and strategies. It is determined that the PATHFINDER software complex gives a more accurate calculation compared to the simplified analytical model. The PATHFINDER software complex allows to simulate evacuation in various buildings and areas. Moreover it gives a wider range of possibilities, such as: simulation of evacuation of people with disabilities; ability to set and adjust the speed of agents in different sections of the escape route; the presence of a function that regulates the onset of movement of agents in a given behaviour. In this work the computer simulation of the actual time of evacuation of people from the integral property complex of industrial and household facilities was carried out. The duration of the evacuation of people from the rooms of buildings and structures bases on the model of the movement of people to the exit in one of the following ways: based on a simplified analytical model of human flow; based on a mathematical model of the individual-flowing movement of people from a building or structure; based on a simulation-stochastic model of human flows. These calculations were performed in accordance with the recommendations and instructions using the PATHFINDER software for the two most likely fire scenarios. According to the scenario, the fire occurred in the room with the highest fire-hazardous load or in the room with the smallest volume: scenario 1 - fire occurs in the hot shop; scenario 2 - a fire occurs in the administrative room. The software provides an opportunity to quickly calculate various ways of evacuating people from the rooms. The use of PATHFINDER software gives more accurate results than the calculation given in regulatory document, due to the greater detalization of the evacuation calculation, and also helps to avoid possible errors and reduce calculation errors.

Dose 4 You: Dose Division Calculator-A Tool to Reduce Calculation Errors.

Background: Medication dosing calculation errors can cause significant harm to patients, especially in the pediatric population. Crushing tablets for dose division purposes may increase the risk of calculation errors, which can lead to incorrect dosing and compromised patient safety. This study aimed to develop a calculator to eliminate calculation errors associated with dose division. Methods: Using the Wix platform, a group of pharmacists created a user-friendly webpage "Dose 4 You." To enable accurate dose division calculations, the advanced language model Chat GPT and Visual Studio were used. The tool assists healthcare professionals through a step-by-step process, allowing them to enter the necessary dose and medication requirements. The Dose 4 You web page's reliability and feasibility were assessed using retrospective data and validated questionnaires, including the System Usability Scale (SUS), respectively and a Likert scale-based acceptance questionnaire. Results: The Dose 4 You website calculated the required amount of powdered tablet to achieve the desired dose with 100% accuracy. The obtained SUS score was 88.38, indicating excellent usability. The average score of all questions for acceptance was found to be 4.7 ± 0.15 indicating a strong agreement on the tool's usefulness and effectiveness. Conclusion: Dose 4 You is a reliable tool that improves patient safety by streamlining dose calculations and lowering calculation errors. The tool's ease of use, practicality in daily clinical practice, and potential to reduce medication errors are highlighted by the positive perception among healthcare professionals. Dose 4 You's successful implementation demonstrates the power of technology and collaboration in transforming medication administration and improving patient outcomes. Similar innovative solutions to optimize healthcare practices can be explored in future health informatics endeavors.

Interindividual distances and orientations of laying hens under 8 stocking densities measured by integrative deep learning techniques

Interindividual distances and orientations of laying hens provide quantitative measures to calculate and optimize space allocations for bird flocks. However, these metrics were often measured manually and have not been examined for different stocking densities of laying hens. The objectives of this study were to 1) integrate and develop several deep learning techniques to detect interindividual distances and orientations of laying hens; and 2) examine the 2 metrics under 8 stocking densities via the developed techniques. Laying hens (Jingfen breed, a popular hen breed in China) at 35 wk of age were raised in experimental compartments at 8 different stocking densities of 3,840, 2,880, 2,304, 1,920, 1,646, 1,440, 1,280, and 1,152 cm2•bird-1 (3-10 hens per compartment, respectively), and cameras on the top of the compartments recorded videos for further analysis. The designed deep learning image classifier achieved over 99% accuracy to classify bird's perching status and excluded frames with bird perching to ensure that all birds analyzed were on the same horizontal plane, reducing calculation errors. The YOLOv5m oriented object detection model achieved over 90% precision, recall, and F1 score in detecting birds in compartments and can output bird centroid coordinates and angles, from which interindividual distances and orientations were calculated based on pairs of birds. Laying hens maintained smaller minimum interindividual distances in higher stocking densities. They were in an intersecting relationship with conspecifics for over 90% of the time. The developed integrative deep learning techniques and behavior metrics provide animal-based measurement of space requirement for laying hens.

Performance Evaluation of a Quadcopter by an Optimized Proportional–Integral–Derivative Controller

This paper presents an analysis of a quadcopter’s stability and its sensors’ data reading using an IMU (inertial measurement unit). Firstly, the angular velocity and acceleration data are read by an Stm® development board embedded with an Stm32f401ccu6 microcontroller. The altitude of the measurement instrument platform was determined using an MS5611 barometric pressure sensor combined with a temperature sensor. The quadcopter’s control was achieved by connecting a brushless DC motor to the Stm® board, which received four PWM (pulse-width modulation) signals via the output port. An electronic governor was utilized to control the brushless DC motor, while a pre-existing remote control was designated as the transmitter. The quadcopter receiver received a 2.4 GHz signal from the transmitter using the BLE (Bluetooth low-energy) protocol, which was used to ensure the simultaneous operation of the four brushless DC motors. Finally, a PID (proportional–integral–derivative) controller was employed for parameter adjustment. The collected PID parameter program was developed in the Simulink software as a simulation platform, allowing for the execution of the Simulink model on the Stm® MCU. The Stm® module facilitates monitoring of the performance of the UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) and enables immediate parameter adjustments to ensure flight stability. This research aims to reduce calculation errors in sensor and controller usage and improve the efficacy of the remote machine module for future industrial applications.

Gain Fault Detection Method for 3-phase AC Current Sensors

This paper proposes a novel method for detecting the gain fault of 3-phase AC current sensors in power electronics systems. In conventional methods, the sensor gain fault is detected by comparing the RMS values of the detection current of each phase. However, for an unbalanced three-phase load, a higher current will flow in the phase with the lower impedance, which causes misdiagnoses. In contrast, the proposed method utilizes the product of the detection current in each phase and sum of the detection current as part of the abnormality calculation (gain error calculation) of each current sensor, which can reduce calculation errors caused by an imbalance in the three-phase load. Simulation results show that the method can calculate the abnormality of the sensors with small error even if there is an imbalance in the three-phase load. Moreover, simulation results under conditions of varying current amplitude and frequency indicates that the method can detect sensor faults under transient conditions.

Complementary operation with wind and photovoltaic power induces the decrease in hydropower efficiency

Complementary operation with hydropower can facilitate the integration of intermittent wind and photovoltaic (PV) power by the regulation ability of reservoirs and the flexibility of hydro units. However, changes in operating patterns of hydropower stations in hydro-wind-PV complementary energy systems (HWPESs) induce potential impacts on hydropower efficiency, which has been seldom studied. To quantify the changes in hydropower efficiency in HWPESs, the complementary and separate short-term operation models are constructed to identify the changes in hydropower efficiency. Then, an accurate calculation method for power generation of HWPESs in the mid- and long-term operation is proposed by considering the short-term hydropower efficiency changes and power curtailment patterns. The JP-I HWPES in the Yalong River Basin is selected as a case study. Results indicate that the average daily hydropower efficiency under complementary operation decreases from 9.04 to 9.02 compared with separate operation, which results in a 3.73 % (1.36 billion kWh) decrease in the total hydropower generation. The proposed method can reduce calculation errors of hydropower and system total power generation by 99.59 million kWh (from 0.65 % to 0.09 %) and 126.78 million kWh (from 0.60 % to 0.03 %) in the validation period, respectively. From the hydropower perspective, this study quantified the changes in short-term hydropower efficiency, which can provide a practical tool for the accurate mid- and long-term operation of HWPESs.

Region Expansion of Background Field Removal with Local Spherical Harmonics Approximation for Whole-brain Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.

Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is useful for obtaining biological information. To calculate susceptibility distribution, it is necessary to calculate the local field caused by the differences of susceptibility between the tissues. The local field can be obtained by removing a background field from a total field acquired by MR phase image. Conventional approaches based on spherical mean value (SMV) filtering, which are widely used for background field calculations, fail to calculate the background field of the brain surface region corresponding to the radius of the SMV kernel, and consequently cannot calculate the QSM of the brain surface region. Accordingly, a new method calculating the local field by expansively removing the background field is proposed for whole brain QSM. The proposed method consists of two steps. First, the background field of the brain surface is calculated from the total field using a locally polynomial approximation of spherical harmonics. Second, the whole brain local field is calculated by SMV filtering with a constraint term of the background field of the brain surface. The parameters of the approximation were optimized to reduce calculation errors through simulations using both a numerical phantom and a measured human brain. Performance of the proposed method with the optimized parameters was quantitatively and visually compared with conventional methods in an experiment of five healthy volunteers. The proposed method showed the accurate local field over the expanded brain region in the simulation studies. It also showed consistent QSM with conventional methods inside of the brain surface and showed clear vein structures on the brain surface. The proposed method enables accurate calculation of whole brain QSM without eroding the brain surface region while maintaining same values inside of the brain surface as the conventional methods.

Anesthcalc™ is Associated with Superior Accuracy and Faster Accomplishment in Simulation-based Anesthesia Drugs Dosage Calculation

Abstract Background: Medication error is one of the barriers to achieving sustainable patient safety. We aim to determine the efficacy and reliability of a smartphone dosage calculator application (AnesthCalc™) when compared with the manual calculation of various anesthetic drugs to prevent medication error. Materials and Methods: This is a pre-test–post-test intervention study. There are 52 participants who included residents in anesthesiology, which is divided into two groups. Each group performed two simulation cases in which they had to calculate drugs dosage in anesthesia settings. One set of cases was performed with the app and the other set was performed manually. The order of drugs and simulation patients was randomized. The accuracy and the deviation of administered drug doses were recorded. Accuracy of dosage was categorized as either accurate (80–100% of target dose) or inaccurate (less than 80%), whereas the deviation of dosage was categorized as either deviant (<50% or >200% of target dose) or safe (between the range). Results: There is a significant increase in the accuracy of calculation between the manual group and that using the app group (from 46% to 92%, a mean increase of 18.29%, P < 0.005). There is a significant decrease in the duration of calculation between without using the app group and with using the app group (from 32.92 to 18.79 s, a mean decrease of 30.55 s, P = 0.001). Conclusion: AnesthCalc™ is a valid and reliable instrument as it increases users’ accuracy and shortens calculating time. AnesthCalc™ may be the potential to reduce calculation errors and may increase patients’ safety.

Penerapan Metode Profile Matching untuk Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Manajer Information Technology

The selection of an IT manager in a company has an important role in a decision, because a manager occupies a managerial level position who will make decisions later. The current process of selecting IT managers is still being carried out conventionally, resulting in several problems. Among them, the assessment is carried out manually so that the calculation process can occur errors and take longer, then which alternative is the best according to the recommendation of the decision support system (DSS) application. To overcome some of these problems, a DSS was designed which resulted in more precise and effective decisions. The method used is the Profile Matching method which is used to determine alternative rankings, where the criteria and weight values ??have been determined and are contained in the assessment document. This research produces a web-based DSS application that helps decision making in selecting IT managers. This DSS application will simplify the calculation of the assessment thereby reducing calculation errors. The end result of implementing DSS for the selection of IT managers is that the selection process becomes more precise, effective and objective

Mathematical Modeling of Coal Dust Screening by Means of Sieve Analysis and Coal Dust Combustion Based on New Methods of Piece-Linear Function Approximation

This study focuses on the development of new methodological approaches to dust-preparation and burning of separated particles, including through the use of polyfractional ensembles. Coal dust screening by means of sieve analysis is described in standard methods. However, in order to further use the results obtained during mathematical modeling of particle motion in fuel-air mixture and exothermal reactions of oxidation while burning in a torch, it must be possible to differentiate and integrate continuous functions. The methodology is based on the continuity of particle motion in a mixture with air in the calculation of aerodynamic and heat-mass exchange processes in a torch. The paper employs new scientific approaches to transforming and normalizing a continuously differentiable function described by the Gauss curve. We propose to combine mathematical modeling of such functions with methods of approximation of piece-linear functions developed by Professor S. V. Aliukov. The implementation of such methods helps reduce calculation errors of particle size and deviations thereof from average equivalent diameter and to avoid the Gibbs effect while differentiating. The paper contains analytical calculations based on the proposed method and experimental data. Quantitative and qualitative results of comparing analytical and experimental data are also presented. We provide recommendations on the further use and extension of the range of the results obtained in a computer simulation of fuel production and burning processes in a torch.

Open‐switch fault diagnosis in three‐level rectifiers based on selective calculation method for instant voltage deviation

This paper presents an open-switch fault detection, and identification method for a neutral-point clamped rectifier system. A new calculation method for phase-to-phase pole voltage deviations is proposed for reducing calculation errors. In this way, the more accurate diagnosis can be achieved. Both single-switch faults, and multiple-switch faults can be identified effectively by using fewer diagnostic variables, which makes the diagnostic method simpler, and more reliable. And all the variables can be simply calculated by signals which are available to the control system of the rectifier, avoiding the use of additional hardware. Moreover, different voltage thresholds are designed for different faulty feature sections to further reduce the diagnostic time. Additionally, a diagnostic result checking method is proposed to avoid the misdiagnosis when considering the effect of outer-switch faults. Finally, experiments are carried out, and the results show the robustness, and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Numerical Simulation of the Velocity Fields Generated by a Plume in Enclosure with Several Openings

The objective of this study is to understand and control the phenomena generated by a plume in a semi-ventilated enclosure using velocity fields. The enclosure has a rectangular cross-section and twenty openings located near the floor on two side walls. Each side wall has ten openings distributed over two horizontal rows on the axis (0y) in equal number. The plume is created by a linear source. The study is carried out in a steady state. To solve the mass and momentum conservation equations, the Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) method and the finite volume method were used to discretize the differential equations. The fine non-uniform regular mesh was chosen to reduce calculation errors, to have a rapid convergence of the conservations equations and a stable result which approaches reality. As discretization scheme, we used the QUICK scheme and schema "Body Strength weighted for the resolution of the pressure. We have shown the influence of the reduced Grashof number on the fields of mean velocity, velocity along the (0z) w axis, velocity along the (0x) u axis and on the differential static pressure profiles. We compared the dimensionless differential static pressure results against the relevant experimental and the numerical calculations results. The results obtained showed that the velocity plume w can take the positions centered, tilted to the left and tilted to the right in the enclosure according to the increase in the number of reduced Grashof The velocity plume w reaches the ceiling where it is destroyed and go back down to the bottom of the enclosure. The maximum absolute values of the velocity w in the plume and u at the openings increase with the increase in the reduced Grashof number. The neutral height has for value <i>z+=0.05</i>. At the openings, cool air enters the enclosure through openings near the floor and below neutral height, and hot air exits through openings above neutral height. The comparison of the dimensionless differential static pressure results with against the relevant experimental and numerical calculations results is concordant.

FANM: A software for focus and aberrations of nuclear microprobe

Focus and Aberrations of Nuclear Microprobe (FANM) is a new beam optics package to achieve fast and accurate design of a nuclear microprobe. FANM achieves a balance between speed of focusing and accuracy of high order aberrations. A combined method proposed in FANM is to achieve focusing conditions using a matrix method and to calculate aberration coefficients using a numerical ray tracing method. FANM has two optional optimization algorithms (derivative-free method and particle swarm optimization), offering a powerful choice for multi-variable optimization. Numeric variables in FANM are stored as 64-bit (8-byte) double-precision floating-point values to reduce calculation errors. Results obtained with FANM are compared with six existing computational tools (PRAM, TRANSPORT-PSI, TRANSPORT-PBO, WinTRAX, GEANT4-nanobeam and Zgoubi). The reasons for discrepancies between the different packages are discussed. Calculated currents of magnetic quadrupole lenses obtained with FANM are compared with experimental values of a nuclear microprobe in the National University of Singapore.

Surface Wave Topography using The 4 Point FDM Simulator

The 2D topography proffers a new challenge of modeling surface waves with a 4-point finite difference (FDM) model. Topographic representation of wave propagation over a certain area will result in loss of accuracy of the numerical model. Then from this the need for appropriate modifications to reduce calculation errors. The existing approach requires value representation as an internal extrapolation solution for temporary exterior conditions. It is finally by providing boundary conditions and initial conditions in the system. However, the scheme sometimes becomes unstable for very irregular topography. 1D extrapolation along the parallel path is known to produce a simple and efficient scheme. During extrapolation, the stability of the 1D hyperbolic Schema improved by disregarding the nearest interior boundary point, which is less than half the lattice distance. Given the limited difference so that the stencils from both sides of the central evaluation point can be used as a 2D form modification if there are not enough inside points. So that in propagation space, waves that move and change according to changes in time. It will be following the wave nature of one source that travels in the x and y fields whose amplitude will change exponentially against propagation time. It is by the nature of surface wave motion.

Development and evaluation of a national gentamicin and vancomycin quality improvement programme.

Scottish Antimicrobial Prescribing Group (SAPG) recommendations to reduce broad-spectrum antimicrobial use led to an increase in gentamicin and vancomycin prescribing. In 2009, SAPG introduced national guidance to standardize dosage regimens, reduce calculation errors and improve the monitoring of these antibiotics. Studies conducted in 2010 and 2011 identified limitations in guideline implementation. To develop, implement and assess the long-term impact of quality improvement (QI) resources to support gentamicin and vancomycin prescribing, administration and monitoring. New resources, comprising revised guidelines, online and mobile app dose calculators, educational material and specialized prescribing and monitoring charts were developed in collaboration with antimicrobial specialists and implemented throughout Scotland during 2013-16. An online survey in 2017 evaluated the use of these resources and a before (2011) and after (2018) point prevalence study assessed their impact. All 12 boards who responded to the survey (80%) were using the guidance, electronic calculators and gentamicin prescription chart; 8 used a vancomycin chart. The percentage of patients who received the recommended gentamicin dose increased from 44% to 89% (OR 10.99, 95% CI = 6.37-18.95) between 2011 and 2018. For vancomycin, the correct loading dose increased from 50% to 85% (OR = 5.69, CI = 2.76-11.71) and the correct maintenance dose from 55% to 90% (OR = 7.17, CI = 3.01-17.07). This study demonstrated improvements in the national prescribing of gentamicin and vancomycin through the development and coordinated implementation of a range of QI resources and engagement with local and national multidisciplinary teams.

Does a Dose Calculator as an Add-On to a Web-Based Paediatric Formulary Reduce Calculation Errors in Paediatric Dosing? A Non-Randomized Controlled Study.

ObjectivesThe structured digital dosing guidelines of the web-based Dutch Paediatric Formulary provided the opportunity to develop an integrated paediatric dose calculator. In a simulated setting, we tested the ability of this calculator to reduce calculation errors.MethodsVolunteer healthcare professionals were allocated to one of two groups, manual calculation versus the use of the dose calculator. Professionals in both groups were given access to a web-based questionnaire with 14 patient cases for which doses had to be calculated. The effect of group allocation on the probability of making a calculation error was determined using generalized estimated equations (GEE) logistic regression analysis. The causes of all the erroneous calculations were evaluated.ResultsSeventy-seven healthcare professionals completed the web-based questionnaire: thirty-seven were allocated to the manual group and 40 to the calculator group. Use of the dose calculator resulted in an estimated mean probability of a calculation error of 24.4% (95% CI 16.3–34.8) versus 39.0% (95% CI 32.4–46.1) with use of manual calculation. The mean difference of probability of calculation error between groups was 14.6% (95% CI 3.1–26.2; p = 0.013). In a secondary analysis where calculation error was defined as a 10% or greater deviation from the correct answer, the corresponding figures were 19.5% (95% CI 13–28.2) versus 26.5% (95% CI 21.6–32.1) with a mean difference of 7% between groups (95% CI 2.2–16.3; p = 0.137). Juxtaposition, typo/transcription errors and non-specified errors were more frequent as cause of error in the calculator group; exceeding the maximum dose and wrong correction for age were more frequent in the manual group. The percentage of tenfold errors was 3.1% in the manual group and 3.7% in the calculator group.ConclusionsOur study shows that the use of a dose calculator as an add-on to a web-based paediatric formulary can reduce calculation errors. Furthermore, it shows that technologies may introduce new errors through transcription errors and wrongly selecting parameters from drop-down lists. Therefore, dosing calculators should be developed and used with special attention for selection and transcription errors.