Red Dragon Fruit Skin Research Articles

THE EFFECT OF RED DRAGON FRUIT PEEL EXTRACT (HYLOCEREUS POLYRHIZUS) ON COLLAGEN DEPOSITION IN THE KIDNEYS OF MENOPAUSAL MODEL RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)

Background: The estrogen hormone possesses nephroprotective properties during menopause that can influence kidney function. This increases collagen deposition in the kidneys. Estrogen deficiency during menopause can be replaced by phytoestrogens. The skin of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) contains numerous anthocyanin contents, which have been proven to exhibit activities as phytoestrogens. Objective: To determine whether there are changes in collagen deposition in the kidneys of menopausal rat models with the administration of Hylocereus polyrhizus peel extract. Methods: This research utilized a randomized post-test control group design with three sample groups that had undergone ovariectomy. The three groups consist a control group without intervention (P0), an intervention group with red dragon fruit peel extract at a dose of 60mg/200gBW (P1), and an intervention group with red dragon fruit peel extract at a dose of 90mg/200gBW (P2). Results: The mean percentage of collagen expression in menopausal rat kidneys in groups P0, P1, and P2 were 0.876 ± 0.433, 0.189 ± 0.102, and 0.162 ± 0.108, respectively. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a significant difference with a p-value of 0.000. Post-Hoc Mann-Whitney U test found a significant difference between groups P0 and P1 (p = 0.000), as well as groups P0 and P2 (p = 0.000). However, there was no significant difference between P1 and P2 (p = 0.436). Conclusion: The extract of Hylocereus polyrhizus peel has an effect on the collagen deposition in the kidneys of menopausal rat models. The lowest level of collagen deposition in the kidneys was observed in the intervention group with a dose of 90mg/200gBW. Keywords : Hylocereus polyrhizus, collagen, kidney, menopause

Effect of Extraction and Spray Drying Temperatures on The Bioactive Materials Content in Red Dragon Fruit Skin

Effect of Extraction and Spray Drying Temperatures on The Bioactive Materials Content in Red Dragon Fruit Skin

Daya Terima dan Kandungan Serat, Protein, Daya Antioksidan Keciput Kulit Buah Naga Merah dengan Penambahan Tepung Beras Merah Sebagai Jajanan Sehat

Red dragon fruit peel has high antioxidant content and abundant availability in Indonesia but is still rarely utilized. Brown rice has a higher fiber content than white rice. Brown rice and dragon fruit skin can be processed into keciput snacks. Keciput is a snack made from glutinous rice flour wrapped in sesame seeds that can be varied in shape, color and taste. The aim is to determine the effect of the acceptability of red dragon fruit peel keciput with the addition of brown rice flour as a healthy snack. Completely randomized design (CRD) experiment with 3 treatments on red dragon fruit peel and brown rice F1 (50%:50%), F2 (60%:40%) and F3 (70%:30%). Acceptability test on 30 untrained panelists and analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney tests with a significance of p<0.05. Analysis of fiber content, protein, and antioxidant power was done twice on the selected formulations. There was an effect on the acceptability of red dragon fruit skin snails and brown rice flour (p<0.001). There was no effect of acceptability in the comparison of F2 and F3 on color, aroma, and taste (p=0.252; p=8.24; p=0.247). The highest mean value of acceptability was in F2 (selected). F2 contained 27.653% fiber, 17.346% protein, and 107.268 ppm antioxidant power.

Pelatihan Pengolahan dan Pemanfaatan Jahe Merah dan Kulit Buah Naga Menjadi Permen Jelly untuk Alternatif Pengobatan Penyakit Degeneratif di Desa Kalasey II Kabupaten Minahasa

The utilization of natural materials as traditional medicine is considered to have less side effects than drugs derived from chemicals. Plants that can be utilized as traditional medicine are red ginger and dragon fruit skin. Red ginger is widely known as a cooking spice and is used in medicine because it contains compounds with broad biological activities and dragon fruit has properties as an antioxidant, but its skin has not been utilized and is only discarded as garbage or waste. Dragon fruit skin contains high antioxidant compounds that are beneficial for health and can be used as a natural coloring material. Jelly candy is one of the processed food products that is easy to make by utilizing the active substances of red ginger juice and dragon fruit skin juice with additional ingredients such as agar. The purpose of this activity is to train the community in processing jelly candy from red ginger juice and dragon fruit peel juice. The method of implementation is in the form of training on how to process red ginger juice and dragon fruit peel juice into jelly candy. After the training, it was found that the Community Service Activity through this training can increase the knowledge and skills of the community of Kalasey II Village, Mandolang District, Minahasa Regency about processing red ginger juice and dragon fruit peel juice into jelly candy which is beneficial for health.

Effect of Adding Jackfruit Dami (Artocarpus heterophyllus) on the Sensory and Chemical Characteristics of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Fruit Leather

This research explores how the use of jackfruit mesocarp waste can improve the sensory and chemical aspects of red dragon fruit skin, considering the high pectin and fiber content in jackfruit dami, despite its lack of taste and color. Red dragon fruit is added to compensate for this deficiency. The research used a Completely Randomized Block Design with five comparisons of red dragon fruit and jackfruit dami: 100% : 0%, 75% : 25%, 50% : 50%, 2% : 75%, and 0% : 100%, each tested in five repetitions. The analysis carried out included testing data homogeneity with the Bartlett test, followed by the Tuckey range test, analysis of variance, and the Honest Significant Difference Test (HSD) at a significance level of 5%. This study concluded that the proportion of jackfruit dami significantly influences the sensory (texture, color, aroma, taste, and overall liking) and chemical properties (moisture content, ash content, acidity, vitamin C, and reducing sugars) of the fruit skin. The optimal composition found was a 50:50 mixture of dami jackfruit and red dragon fruit, which produced the desired sensory characteristics (a texture value of 3.87 indicated very elastic, a color value of 3.55 indicated a red color, an aroma value of 3.24 indicated favorable, taste value of 3.11, and overall preference rating of 3.60) and good chemical properties (moisture content 14.09%, ash content 0.88%, pH 4.26, vitamin C content 1.11 mg/g, and reducing sugar content 23.73%).

Uji Aktivitas Sediaan Sampo Antiketombe Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Candida Albicans Secara in Vitro

Dandruff is one of the problems that cause a lack of confidence. The triggering microorganism is Candida albicans. The innovation in the skin of red dragon fruit has the potential as an antibacterial and antifungal because it contains several active compounds such as alkaloids, terpenoids and flavonoids. This study aims to find out at what concentration the anti-dandruff activity on the growth of Candida albicans fungus in the formulation of dragon fruit peel extract shampoo preparation (Hylocereus polyrhizus). This research method is an experimental research using the disc paper diffusion method which consists of making dragon fruit peel extract with the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. The extract is formulated in shampoo with concentrations of 20.40 and 80%. The results of this study were in the organoleptis test in the form of a viscous liquid, soft sticky texture, brown and menthol flavor. pH test 6.13, 6.71, 6.39, 5.49. Test the height of the foam 5.8cm, 6.0cm, 6.5cm, 10.3cm. Viscosity test 500 Cp, 612 Cp, 635 Cp, 624 Cp. Homogeneity test is homogeneous. Anti-dandruff shampoo activity test of kontro (+), control (-), concentration of 20%, 40%, 80% with an average of 21.95 mm, 0.00 mm, 22.9 mm, 26.07 mm, 28.52 mm. The conclusion of this study is that the formulation of dragon fruit peel extract shampoo (Hylocereus polyrhizus) has provided an inhibitory effect on the growth of Candida albicans fungus with the strongest inhibitory concentration produced in formulation III with a concentration of 80% of 28.52 mm.

KAJIAN FORTIFIKASI DAGING DAN KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus) TERHADAP MUTU MIKROBIOLOGI DAN ORGANOLEPTIK TAPAI KETAN PUTIH

White glutinous tapai is a fermented food product in which yeast is added in manufacturing. Red dragon fruit can be added to increase the nutritional value, taste and product diversification of processed white sticky rice tapai. Besides being rich in nutritional value, red dragon fruit also contains antioxidant compounds, natural food fiber and natural colouring compounds that display a purplish-red colour. This study aims to determine the effect of fortification of red dragon fruit meat and skin on fiber content and organoleptic quality of white sticky rice. This study was experimental, using a completely randomized design (CRD), with the fortification of red dragon fruit meat and skin in the production of white sticky rice tapai. The type of treatment: T1 = white glutinous rice without red dragon fruit (control), T2 = white glutinous rice + red dragon fruit pulp, T3 = white glutinous rice + (flesh and skin) of red dragon fruit, and T4 = white glutinous rice + red dragon fruit skin). Observational data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level and follow-up test with HSD at the same significant level. The results of the analysis of the quantity of microorganisms in white sticky rice tapai yeast with fortification treatment of red dragon fruit flesh and skin showed that the sticky rice tapai contained 2.9x104 microbes in T1, 6.0x104 in T2, 7.1x104 in T3 and 4.0x104 in T4 and research results organoleptic properties of the colour, aroma, taste and texture score parameters. The best treatment preferred by the panellists was the T2 treatment (fortification of red dragon fruit pulp) with a fiber content of 4.13%, a pH value of 5.13, an aroma value score of 3.39 (slightly tapai flavour), a taste of 4.11 (liked it), texture 3.29 (slightly soft) with a purplish red appearance 3.86. The use of a mixture of dragon fruit, dragon fruit skin is able to produce the most suitable organoleptic assessment for white sticky rice compared to the use of dragon fruit skin from the results of organoleptic panelists and statistical tests. The use of dragon fruit in producing aroma, taste, and homogeneity are more preferred, while other parameters of color tend not to be affected. Total microbes, log 4.85, were the highest produced by fortification using dragon fruit skin. The use of dragon fruit flesh, which causes the sour taste is not strong and good color other treatments to be more acceptable to panelists.

The Effect Of Adding Red Dragon Fruit Skin On The Quality Of Dadiah Gelato

Indonesia is geographically located on the equator, which is a country with a tropical climate. Ice cream is a snack that is suitable to eat when the weather is hot. One type of ice cream is gelato. Gelato is a type of frozen dairy food dessert which is a processed product made from cow's milk and is included in the low-fat ice cream category. The main ingredients for gelato include cow's milk, whipped cream, egg yolks and sugar. Gelato has lower fat content (4-8%) and total solids (32-42%) than regular ice cream, but usually has higher sugar content (16-21%) to provide a smooth, scoopable texture. Ways are needed to develop gelato, such as adding curd and natural coloring from fruit. Dadiah has weaknesses in terms of its sour taste and fishy aroma which people don't like, therefore there needs to be innovation or efforts that can be made to attract people's interest in consuming dadiah, such as by adding dragon fruit skin. 30-35% of dragon fruit is the skin of the fruit, but it is often just thrown away as trash and considered waste without being used for anything more useful. Dragon fruit skin contains quite high levels of antioxidant compounds which are able to fight oxidation in the body. Red dragon fruit skin contains vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3 and vitamin C, protein, fat, carbohydrates, crude fiber, thiamine, niacin, pyridoxine, cobalamin, glucose, phenol, betacyanin, polyphenols, carotene, phosphorus, iron and flavonoids. This research aims to analyze the effect of adding 15%, 25% and 35% of red dragon fruit skin on the quality of the color, aroma, texture, taste and preferences of the dadiah gelato produced. This type of research is a pure experiment using a Completely Randomized Design method. The data used is primary data obtained directly from 3 expert panelists by filling in the organoleptic test format for the quality of gelato with the effect of adding red dragon fruit skin. The data obtained is then tabulated in table form and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is carried out, if Fh>Ft then followed by the Duncan Test. The results of the research showed that there was a significant effect of adding red dragon fruit skin of 15%, 25% and 35% on color quality (pink fanta). The best result from the gelato quality test with the addition of red dragon fruit skin was 35%.

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PELARUT TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SEDIAAN SERUM EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus Polyrhizus)

The skin of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) contains active substances that are useful for extracting in making natural serums. Antioxidants, one of the important compounds in serum that can protect the skin and capture free radicals. This study aims to prove the presence of antioxidants in serum made from red dragon fruit peel extract, and to compare the effect of using 70% and 96% ethanol solvents on the physical properties and antioxidant activity of the serum. The extraction method used was maceration extraction, by testing the flavonoid content and free ethanol content in the extract. The physical properties of the serum were tested including organoleptics, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, spreadability and stickiness. Meanwhile, antioxidant activity was tested using the UV-VIS spectrophotometric method. The research results show that red dragon fruit peel extract contains flavonoids with orange and red colors, and does not have an ester odor. Serum preparations from 70% and 96% ethanol extracts have semisolid form, characteristic odor, color differences, pH 5, homogeneous, with viscosities of 464 cPs and 341 cPs respectively. The spreadability of the serum is 7.1 cm and 9.7 cm, while the adhesive power is 0.88 and 0.93. The serum antioxidant activity of 70% and 96% ethanol extracts was 39.59 µg/mL and 45.87 µg/mL. The 70% ethanol extract serum meets the standard physical properties of serum and has stronger antioxidant activity compared to the 96% ethanol extract serum, indicated by the lower IC50 value. Flavonoids, as antioxidant compounds, have various types and different polarities depending on the position and number of hydroxyl groups.

Physical and organoleptic characteristics of jelly candy from beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) and red dragon fruit skin (Hylocereus polyrhizus)

Jelly candy is made from fruit juice and gelling ingredients as well as additional sweeteners. Jelly candy ingredients are often used as an alternative snack for people with diabetes, and contain nutrients and are high in fiber, so that they can meet nutritional needs and as well as help people avoid hyperglycemia. This study aims to investigate the physical and sensory characteristics of jelly candy made with natural coloring agents from beetroot and red dragon fruit skin. This study was designed by examining 3 (three) variables, namely: 1) type of dye (P), gelling agent (G) and the ratio of stevia:sucrose (R). The parameters analyzed were physical (texture and color) and organoleptic properties (color, aroma, taste and texture). The results showed that the texture, color (L*, a*, and b*), and organoleptic (color) parameters were influenced by the addition of coloring agents (P). The value of texture, color (b*), and organoleptic (color) are all impacted by the inclusion of gelling agents (gelatin and pectin). The textural value is influenced by the stevia: sucrose ratio. Based on the analysis, the best treatment was the combination of red dragon fruit skin with gelatin and stevia: sucrose ratio of 0%:30% with the texture value (10.03 g/mm), color *L (26.27), a*( 15.47), b*(8.27) and organoleptic properties (color) was 3.39-3.44 (neutral).

The Potential of Hyperglycemia Combination of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Rind Extract and Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peel Extract

This study aims to determine the potential hyperglycemia of the combination of Watermelon Skin Extract (Citrullus lanatus) and Red Dragon Fruit Skin Extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus). The research method used is the alloxane induction method. Rats were divided into 5 groups, namely positive control given metformin 45 mg / Kg BB, negative control given Na. CMC 1% w/v, and variations of test groups given combination extracts with concentration variations of 6% and 13.4%; 9% and 16.4%; and 12% and 19.4% then each group was induced alloxane at a dose of 24 mg / 200g BB. The results of the study on the negative control given NaCMC 1% did not show a decrease in blood sugar levels, in the positive control given metformin 45 mg / KgBB showed an average percent decrease of 94.12%, in the combination extract test group with a dose of 6% and 13.4% showed an average percent decrease of 25.04%; 9% and 16.4% % showed an average percent decrease of 24.69%; and 12% and 19.4% % showed an average percent decrease of 55.61%. Based on the results of this study, a combination extract of 12% and 19.4% can reduce blood sugar levels of white rats. This study proved that red watermelon peel extract and red dragon fruit peel extract have antihyperglycemia effects.

Pengaruh Penambahan Dekstrin dan Kulit Buah Naga Merah terhadap Karakteristik Fisiko Kimia dan Organoleptik Serbuk Mangga Gadung Klonal 21

Mango Gadung Clonal 21 (Mangifera indica L.) is the result of crossbreeding between Gadung Mango and Arumanis, acknowledged as a native fruit of Pasuruan Regency. However, the sales of this fruit decline during the peak harvest season, causing difficulties for farmers in processing ripe fruit. Therefore, technology is needed to enhance shelf life and create innovative products using Mango Gadung Clonal 21 (Mangifera indica L.) as the base ingredient, with the addition of antioxidants from red dragon fruit peel. The aim of this research is to assess the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics and identify the best combination of adding dextrin and red dragon fruit peel to Mango Gadung Clonal 21 (Mangifera indica L.) powder. This study employed a randomized block design with two main factors: the addition of red dragon fruit peel extract (M) with 2 levels (15 grams and 20 grams) and the addition of dextrin (D) with 3 levels (15 grams, 20 grams, and 25 grams). The study was repeated three times, resulting in a total of 18 treatments. Analysis encompassed antioxidant activity, water content, solubility, as well as organoleptic evaluations of color, aroma, taste, and texture. The best results were observed in the M1D3 treatment (15 grams of red dragon fruit peel and 25 grams of dextrin), with an antioxidant activity of 58.96 mg/ml, water content of 9.15%, solubility of 79.31%, color rating of 3.56 (liked), taste rating of 3.8 (liked), aroma rating of 3.04 (somewhat liked), and texture rating of 3.76 (liked). Keywords: Antioxidant, Clonal 21 gadung mango, Dextrin, Red dragon fruit skin

Metode ohmic heating untuk ekstraksi betasianin sebagai pewarna pangan dari kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus)

Natural food colorant is increasingly being developed and applied to food products. Natural food coloring is safer to use because it does not cause side effects to health. Indonesia is rich in the availability of red dragon fruit. In general, people only eat dragon fruit flesh, while the skin is not used. Red dragon fruit skin is rich in betacyanin pigment which produces a red-violet color. This pigment needs to be extracted so that it is separated from other skin components. Extraction using ohmic heating technology can be a solution to extract betacyanin pigment. The aim of the study was to determine the characteristics of the betacyanin pigment from red dragon fruit skin extracted using the ohmic heating method. The study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors, the first factor was the type of solvent (aquades, 0.25% NaCl solution, 0.25% citric acid) and the second factor was the amount of voltage (30 V, 40 V, 50 V). The results showed that the highest betacyanin content was found in the 0.25% NaCl solvent treatment, which was 5.15 mg/L. Extracts stored in the refrigerator for 5 days did not show a significant change in extract betacyanin pigment levels.

EFFECT OF RED DRAGON FRUIT (HYLOCEREUS POLYRHIZUS) PEEL ETHANOL EXTRACT ON VAGINAL WALL COLLAGEN EXPRESSION IN MENOPAUSE MODEL RATS

The skin of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) contains polyphenols, in particular anthocyanins, which may act as phytoestrogens and antioxidants. Phytoestrogens can help synthesize collagen through their bonds with estrogen receptors and antioxidants prevent the accumulation of free radicals that can damage collagen, so the skin of red dragon fruit has the potential to prevent vaginal organ disorders due to the reduced amount of collagen in the vaginal wall during menopause. This study aims to prove the effectiveness of the ethanol extract of Hylocereus polyrhizus rind in preventing decreased collagen in the vaginal wall of menopausal rats. This study was structured using a randomized post-test only control group design on 30 female Wistar rats, which were divided into three groups, namely the control group (P0) was given normal saline, the treatment group (P1) was given ethanol extract 60mg/200grBW and (P2) was given ethanol extract 90mg/200grBB. Dosing rats orally for 30 days, then vaginal wall samples were taken to examine vaginal collagen levels with Sirius red staining. The amount of collagen is calculated by the percentage area of ??the collagen pixels compared to the pixels of the entire vaginal tissue. The results show that the mean amount of collagen at P0, P1 and P2 is 55.53 ± 8.12 respectively; 67.50±3.89; 78.14±5.87. The One-way ANOVA test shows statistically significant differences among the groups (p = 0.000). The post hoc analysis using the LSD test finds that the mean amount of vaginal collagen in P2 is the highest than P0 (p=0.000) and P1 (p=0.001) and P1 is higher than P0 (p=0.000). It is concluded that giving of ethanol extract of Hylocereus polyrhizus rind is able to prevent the decrease in vaginal wall collagen in menopausal rats.

Efek Pemberian Kulit Buah Naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) terhadap Tebal Endometrium dan Miometrium Tikus Model Menopause

ABSTRACT
 Effects of Giving Red Dragon Fruit Skin (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as Phytoestrogens on Endometriak Thickness and Myometrium of Menopausal Model Rats
 Background: Menopause is a condition in which the body experiences a lack of estrogen due to decreased ovarian function. Decreased estrogen levels result in particular changes in the thickness and shape of the uterus. Phytoestrogens are herbal compounds that have several similarities to the functions and structures of estrogen. Phytoestrogens also can be an alternative as a therapeutic option when they need a substitute for estrogen. Among several types of phytoestrogens, anthocyanin is one of the potential. Anthocyanins are mostly found in the red dragon fruit, Hylocereus polyrhizus. Red dragon fruit skin contains anthocyanins. Anthocyanins compounds have the potential to overcome the symptoms caused by menopause through their phytoestrogens and antioxidant activity.Objective: The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of red dragon fruit skin extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on the thickness of the endometrium ad myometrium in menopausal model rats. Methods: This study applied a randomized post-test only control group design using a sample of 30 female wistar rats that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample was divided into 3 (three) treatment groups where a group was consisted of 10 female wistar rats. The treatment group 1 was the control group, while the treatment group 2 was the group given the ethanol extract of red dragon fruit skin at a dose of 60 mg/200 grBW/day for 30 days, and the treatment group 3 was the group given the ethanol extract of red dragon fruit skin at a dose of 90 mg/200 grBW/day for 30 days. Results: The study signified an increase in the endometrial thickness after being given red dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) at a dose of 60 mg/200 grBW and 90 mg/200 grBW in menopausal model rats. In the single-lane ANOVA test, the thickness of the endometrium found a significance value of 0.038 (p<0.05), while the thickness of the myometrium found a significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05).

FORMULASI GEL EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH SEBAGAI TABIR SURYA

Sunscreen is a preparation that contains chemical compounds that can absorb, scatter or reflect sunlight that hits the skin so that it can be used to protect the function and structure of human skin from damage caused by sunlight. In the field of pharmacology, dragon fruit peel can be used as an antioxidant or free radical scavenger. This study aims to determine the SPF value of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus lemairei (Hook) Britton & Roose) peel extract and gel at concentrations of 30%, 50% and 70%. This research is a quantitative descriptive analysis. Red dragon fruit peel extract was tested using the Uv-Vis spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the SPF value of the red dragon skin extract was 13.0225; the SPF value of red dragon fruit peel extract gel at concentrations of 30%, 50%, and 70% were 5.1557; 8.5413; and 6.8113. Where the extract from the red dragon fruit skin has good potential if used as an active ingredient in gel preparations to protect against ultraviolet light because each concentration has an SPF value with the category of extra sunscreen protection (6-8) and maximum protection (8-15).

Formulasi Dan Uji Fisikokimia Gel Sleeping Mask Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Merah Dengan Variasi Gelling Agent Hydroxypropyl Methly Cellulose (HPMC)

Gels are semi-solid preparations formed from suspensions made up of large organic molecules and small inorganic particles that permeate the liquid. Sleeping mask It is a skin care product that is used at night (before going to bed). Serious research on natural ingredients is currently being carried out, including research in the field of cosmetics. Among the advantages of natural ingredients is their antioxidant properties, which can disrupt free radicals and cause the use of antioxidants in preventing premature aging. Dragon fruit skin contains compounds polyphenol, anthocyanins and betacyanins which have antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the effect of the gelling agent Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) on the physical properties of gel preparations sleeping mask red dragon fruit skin extract. This study uses an experimental method. Red dragon fruit skin is extracted by maceration in 96% ethanol. This study used 3 gel formulations, with various concentrations of HPMC 5%, 7% and 9%. Physicochemical tests carried out included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, irritation and viscosity. The results of the research show the use of variations gelling agent HPMC meets the criteria for the physicochemical test of gel preparations sleeping mask from dragon fruit skin extract which produces the best formula from gel preparations sleeping mask namely formulation III (9%) has the best evaluation.

Karakteristik Uji Stabilitas Pigmen dan Antioksida Hasil Ekstraksi Pewarna Alami dari Kulit Buah Naga Merah

This article aims to determine the level of anthocyanins in natural colors derived from dragon fruit, especially on the skin. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with SPSS was used as the research method for this article, as well as two treatments, namely variations in solvent volume A and immersion time (B). Each treatment consisted of three levels and three repetitions, namely the first factor of variation in solvent volume (A) consisted of (A1) 0.29%, (A2) 0.432%, (A3) 0.576%. The second factor is the immersion time (B1) 42 hours, (B2) 48 hours, (B3) 72 hours. Extraction of anthocyanin pigment from red dragon fruit skin was carried out using maceration extraction. The test parameters in this study were the color stability test, anthocyanin content test and the yield of dragon fruit peel extract. The pH value was measured using a pocket pH meter. In this study, a spectrophotometer was used to determine the brightness level of anthocyanins. Measurement of the weight % yield of anthocyanin pigment was carried out using the yield formula below. The research results show; (1) the best treatment resulted in extraction using citric acid solvent: water which produced an absorbance of 0.479 – 0.439 at λmax 517 nm; (2) radar antioxidant activity in anthocyanins from dragon fruit peels of 76.71%; (3) the stability of anthocyanin dyes is stable at acidic pH from pH 2 – pH 5, at a temperature of 80˚C and the effect of long exposure to the lamp makes the anthocyanin dyes unstable; and (4) dragon fruit syrup was stable at almost the same pH of dragon fruit syrup without coloring and added dragon fruit syrup, namely 3.42 and 3.89.

Antioxidant Activity of Red Dragon Fruit Teabag (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peels with the Addition of Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. amarum) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, BI)

Free radicals have very unstable and reactive molecules. Excessive free radicals can trigger oxidative stress and cause various diseases. The peel of red dragon fruit contains chemical compounds that shows potential as an antioxidants. This study aims to optimize the benefits of red dragon fruit peels as tea bags because its convenient and simple to use. Design of this study was a randomized block design (RBD) which consisted of two factors, the drying temperature of the red dragon fruit skin (T) and the teabag formulation (F). Ginger and cinnamon are added as flavoring ingredients to the formula. The result showed that the drying temperature of the peel red dragon fruit affects the antioxidant activity of the teabag, where T1 has the highest antioxidant activity. The formulation of teabags also affects the antioxidant activity of the teabag, where F1 has the highest antioxidant activity. T1F1 had the highest antioxidant activity, and the interaction between the two (T and F) had a significant effect on antioxidant activity (p < 0.05).

SEDIAAN LIP BALM DARI EKSTRAK BUAH NAGA BERWARNA MERAH PADA KULIT (Hylocereus polyrhizus)

Lip balm is a moisturizer used as a lip balm. Red dragon fruit skin has anthocyanin as an antioxidant and protects against free radicals. The aim is to formulate red dragon fruit extract on the skin in the form of lip balm which has physical and safety characteristics. Red dragon fruit extract on the skin used in lip balm preparations, namely 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. Evaluation of the lip balm including organoleptic, homogeneity, smearability, pH got good results and irritation test showed that all lip balm concentrations were safe to use because there was no reaction. So that the red dragon fruit extract on the skin can be used as a lip balm preparation. The difference in the concentration of red dragon fruit extract on the skin does not affect the physical properties of the lip balm preparation.