Red Cell Acid Phosphatase Phenotypes Research Articles

Estimation of genetical parameters for a quantitative trait subject to major gene influences.

Both regression and correlation estimates of genetical variance and heritability for a quantitative trait influenced by a major gene can be obtained from the error variance-covariance matrix of MANOVA using relative-relative phenotype pairs as factors. The method is illustrated with parent-offspring data on red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes and serum acid phosphatase activity.

Phenotypic and quantitative relationship of red cell acid phosphatase with haemoglobin, haptoglobin, and G6PD phenotypes.

The phenotypic and quantitative relationship of red cell acid phosphatase with haemoglobin, haptoglobin, and G6PD phenotypes was investigated in three populations in the Sudan and one population in Nilgiris, India. No significant consistent association of red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes was observed with these polymorphisms. However, there was a lack of acid phosphatase AB in G6PD deficient subjects from Nilgiris. The relative quantitative expression of red cell acid phosphatase genes PA, PB, and PC was 1.0, 1.2, and 1.3, respectively. The red cell acid phosphatase activity was higher (15%) in the presence of raised haemoglobin A2 and in sickle cell anaemia (21%). Those with Hp2 had 18% higher level of acid phosphatase than those with Hp1. G6PD deficient subjects had a lower level of acid phosphatase activity (20%) than those with normal G6PD activity.

Codominant autosomal inheritance of polymorphic red cell acid phosphatases of lemurs and some properties of the enzymes

Red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes of 207 captive animals of the genera Lemur, Hapalemur, and Prophithecus were determined by starch gel electrophoresis and phosphatase-specific staining. In Lemur fulvus, three phenotypes, designated A, B, and AB, were observed. In each of the species L. catta, L. macaco, L. mongoz, and L. variegatus, a single phenotype was observed, In Hapalemur griseus, three phenotypes were found: A,B, and AB. In Propithecus verreauxi, a single phenotype was found. Examination of breeding records in conjunction with the results of the electrophoretic analyses supports the conclusion that the erythrocytic acid phosphatases in this group of nonhuman primates are the products of at least two codominant autosomal alleles. There is a wide range of specific activities of the acid phosphatases as determined by colorimetric assays. The values range from 60.6 micronmoles of p-nitrophenol released per gram of hemoglobin per 30 min in Lemur catta to 429.1 micronmoles in Propithecus verreauxi. The enzymes of L. fulvus and P. vereauxi were purified approximately 400-fold, and Michaelis-Menten constants were determined on the purified preparations. For L. fulvus phenotype A, Km = 0.8 mM; for L. fulvus phenotype B, Km = 0.8 mM; and for P. verreauxi, Km = 0.6 mM; the substrate in each case was p-nitrophenylphosphate.

Agarose gel electrophoresis of the human red cell acid phosphatase.

Abstract. A technique of agarose gel electrophoresis has been developed for the determination of red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes. Using this simple and time‐saving method, the common phenotypes and a rare variant were easily identified. Contrary to earlier results obtained by electrophoresis on starch gel, polyacrylamide, and cellulose acetate, a cathodic migration on agarose was observed.

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis of the Human Red Cell Acid Phosphatase

A technique of agarose gel electrophoresis has been developed for the determination of red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes. Using this simple and timesaving method, the common phenotypes and a rare variant were easily identified. Contrary to earlier results obtained by electrophoresis on starch gel, polyacrylamide, and cellulose acetate, a cathodic migration on agarose was observed.

Some notes on the geographical distribution of the human red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes.

Basing on the data of 65 populations the geographical variability of the human red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes resp. alleles was studied. We found a marked distribution gradient: The frequency of pB-alleles increases with the increase of the mean annual temperature of the various biotops, whereas the pA-allele frequencies show a clear decrease. For this allele we calculated a significant negative correlation between its frequency and the mean annual temperature: r=-0.71; P<0.001. We suppose that the pB-allele is in some way adaptive under the climatic conditions of tropical biotops. The possible reasons are discussed.

Studies on the separate isozymes of red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes A and B. I. Chromatographic separation of the isozymes.

Studies on the separate isozymes of red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes A and B. I. Chromatographic separation of the isozymes.

Studies on the separate isozymes of red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes A and B. II. Comparison of kinetics and stabilities of the isozymes.

SUMMARYComparisons were made of some of the properties of the isozymes of types A and B red cell acid phosphatase. In each case, the more anodal isozyme had a higher pH optimum and a lower Km for ^‐nitrophenyl phosphate. Thermostability tests indicated that this isozyme was also the least stable in both types. Evidence is also presented which suggests that the two isozymes within one type are interconvertible.

The red cell acid phosphatase polymorphism in Sweden. Gene frequencies and application to disputed paternity.

SummaryRed cell acid phosphatase phenotypes were determined in 517 unrelated persons from Sweden (317 men, 200 women). The observed gene frequencies were pA = 0.372; pB = 0.558; pC = 0.070.Experiences in 101 cases of disputed paternity with 167 men involved are reported. On grounds of red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes, ig men (in 18 cases) could be excluded.In all 112 mother-child combinations studied the distributions of phenotypes were in agreement with the genetical hypothesis suggested by Hopkinson et al (1963).

Haptoglobins and acid phosphatases of Galago.

Haptoglobin and red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes of Galago crassicaudatus crassicaudatus and G. c. argentatus were determined by starch-gel electrophoresis. In samples of plasma from 55 animals, a single haptoglobin phenotype, with a pattern similar to human Hp 1-1, was found. In red cell hemolysates of 55 animals, three different acid phosphatase phenotypes were distinguished. It is probable that red cell acid phosphatases of G. crassicaudatus are the products of nondominant autosomal alleles. The enzymatic activity of red cell acid phosphatase of G. crassicaudatus was compared with the activity of human enzyme; hemolysates from Galago have two to three times the activity of hemolysates prepared from human blood.

Atypical segregation of human red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes: evidence for a rare 'silent' allele Po.

SUMMARY1. Aberrant segregation of red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes has been encountered in a large family from Vienna.2. The segregation data suggest the occurrence of a silent allele Po which is associated with either no acid phosphatase or very weak activity.3. Quantitative analysis supports this interpretation since individuals who appear to be heterozygous for Po exhibit approximately half normal red cell acid phosphatase activity.

Distribution of Red Cell Acid Phosphatase Phenotypes in a Japanese Population

Distribution of Red Cell Acid Phosphatase Phenotypes in a Japanese Population

Human red cell acid phosphatase polymorphism. A study on gene frequency and forensic use of the system in cases of disputed paternity.

Red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes were determined in 401 unrelated persons from Southwestern Germany. The frequencies of genes Pa, Pb and Pc were estimated to be p=0.328, q=0.630 and r=0.042.

ACID PHOSPHATASES OF HUMAN RED CELLS: PREDICTED PHENOTYPE CONFORMS TO A GENETIC HYPOTHESIS.

Analysis of data from 80 families and 369 unrelated individuals confirms the hypothesis that human red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes are determined by three codominant alleles at a single autosomal locus. Further confirmation is afforded by the finding of the predicted sixth phenotype.