Red Book Research Articles

Life with tigers: maintenance and breeding of the Amur tiger in the Primorsky Krai in 1990–2017

Between 1990 and 2017 the authors carried out breeding and studied the biology of the Amur tiger at a research station in the Gayvoron village, Primorsky Krai, Russia. Since 1994, tigers have been kept in enclosures. Avoiding close contacts, we studied the habits, relationships in the family group, reproduction processes, growth of tiger cubs and other aspects of the biology of the Amur tiger. The article outlines the history of these events and summarizes the experience of enclosure keeping and breeding of this endangered species, listed in all Red Data Books.

Pararasbora moltrechti Regan, 1908, a senior synonym of Aphyocypris amnis Liao et al., 2011 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Taiwan with morphological and molecular evidence

The endemic cyprinid, Pararasbora moltrechti Regan, 1908 is briefly redescribed from central Taiwan. A more detailed description was first provided in Mandarin by Chen & Fang, 1999. A second, rather doubtful description error created a new cyprinid species, Aphyocypris amnis Liao et al., 2011, which is almost identical to the original species. The new species was found in a small tributary of the Jushuei River basin, just 0.5 km from Lake Candidius—Sun Moon Lake, the same location where P. moltrechti was originally found. Chen et al. (2012) clearly noted this synonym in the remarks of the Red Data Fish Book in AGC. The incorrect scientific name was added to the Governmental protection list in AGC, causing further issues for conservation management. Solid evidence, not only from morphological data but also from increasing mtDNA documentation, supports the fact that the later published name is redundant. Mito-genetic results also suggest that they are the same species with no distinct genetic differentiation. Herein we clearly state that the Pararasbora moltrechti Regan, 1908 is the senior synonym of Aphocypris amnis Liao et al., 2011 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Taiwan.

An examination of the valuation process in a low transparent property market – perspectives of property valuers in Nigeria

PurposeThe finance sector and property market challenges in some global regions have been linked to inefficient property valuation practices. As a result, global valuation professional organisations have set up standards and norms to promote efficient and transparent operations in the property valuation industry. Despite these concerns, valuation industries in some countries still face challenges that threaten their smooth operations. One of such is Nigeria, which faces various problems attributable to its valuation process and regulatory system. Consequently, this paper aims to examine the valuation process in Nigeria with a bid to identify the weaknesses in its valuation process and how it contributes to problems identified in the literature.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research approach was adopted, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 valuers across different segments of the valuation industry in Nigeria. The data were subjected to thematic analysis using Nvivo 12 software.FindingsOur findings indicate a fundamentally weak valuation system and regulatory system marked by an opaque engagement process, underpricing of valuation services, inefficient domestication of international valuation standards, poor implementation and monitoring system and concerns about the training and certifications to meet global norms. These identified weaknesses contribute to and fuel problems such as client influence and valuation inaccuracy, among others.Practical implicationsThe study has some implications for the valuation professional organisations in Nigeria. The valuation professional organisations should devise systems and enact standards that go beyond solely replicating the IVS and RICS Red Book to effective domestication to suit local norms. Given the inefficient implementation and monitoring system, the use of proptech that supplements legal instruments needs to be adopted. Furthermore, the regulations should be strengthened in line with the trends of sustainability, duty of care and use of data as advocated by the IVSC. This will promote trust in the system and allow global stakeholders to transact more confidently with the Nigerian industry, as the current set-up does not evoke sufficient confidence in the system to deliver excellent and transparent valuation assignments.Originality/valueThis study provides perspective from an untransparent property market on the implications of a poor regulatory system and valuation process for valuers and stakeholders who may rely on valuations conducted in such an environment for decision-making. The findings from this study potentially provide input for the valuation professional organisation in Nigeria in identifying the gaps in their framework and current practices and providing some suggestions to promote improvements.

First records of the firecrest (Regulus ignicapilla, Regulidae, Aves) from the northern slopes of the West Caucasus

This paper presents the results of a study of the distribution and abundance of the Firecrest (Regulus ignicapilla), a rare bird at the edge of its distribution range and listed in the Red Data Book of the Krasnodar Territory. Research was conducted from 2006 to 2023 in the West Caucasus. The total length of the expedition routes amounted to 8,885 km. Population counts were carried out over 2096 km of the routes. Since 2022, field detection of the species has become significantly improved through the use of audio playback recordings of the species. As a result, new breeding areas have been discovered on the northern macro slope in the vicinity of the Guzeripl ranger station in the Caucasian Strict Nature Reserve, in the Malaya Laba River valley, and in the Bolshoy Thach Nature Park, while the distribution in the Mzymta River valley has also been clarified. New wintering areas in the foothills of the Black Sea region and on the Kuban Plain are shown. These data have significantly expanded the known range of the Firecrest in the West Caucasus. New information has been obtained on the altitudinal distribution of the Firecrest, as well as its relationship with the Goldcrest (Regulus regulus). On the northern macro slope of the Main Caucasus Range, firecrests live alongside goldcrests across an altitudinal range of 880–1580 m above sea-level, while on the southern macro slope they coexist across a range of 840–1680 m above sea-level. At higher altitudes, only goldcrests occur. The new data on the distribution and population density make it possible to provide estimates of the current sizes of the populations in the Krasnodar Territory (3.9 thousand pairs), the Republic of Adygea (1.8 thousand pairs), Abkhazia (2.1 thousand pairs) and in the entire West Caucasus (7.8 thousand pairs).

Genetic structure of the population of Przewalski’s horse (Equus przewalskii) according to cytogenetic and ISSR markers

Background. Przewalski’s horse is included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the Red Data Book of Ukraine as an endangered species. To confirm the uniqueness and consolidation of rare animal species, cytogenetic and molecular genetic monitoring is necessary. Obtaining biological material (blood) for genetic research is preceded by immobilization of wild ungulates. The successful selection of drugs for the purpose of sedation and analgesia helps to preserve the life and health of the animal. Materials and Methods. Przewalski’s wild horse population (10 heads) of the F. E. Falz-Fein “Askania-Nova” biosphere reserve, immobilization of animals with the Madison drug and the Reverson antidote, cytogenetic and molecular genetic (ISSR-fingerprinting) analysis. Results. The effectiveness indicators of doses of Madison and Reverson were: in horses m = 200 kg – a dose of Madison 20 mL/head, immobilization after 22 min, in horses m = 300 kg, a dose of Madison – 25 mL/head, immobilization in 20–22 min. The Reverson antidote was applied in the following doses: animal m = 200 kg – a dose of Reverson 5–15 mL/goal, cessation of the sedative effect – 12 min; animal m = 300 kg – a dose of Reverson 5–15 mL/goal, cessation of the sedative effect – 18 min. Observation of the effect of the drugs did not reveal any negative side effects. Cytogenetic analysis determined the karyotype norm of somatic cells with 2n = 66 chromosomes. Genomic disorders, aneuploidy, accounted for 6.7%, polyploidy – 1.3 %. Structural violations (chromosomal and chromatid breaks) were not detected. The results of the micronucleus test: the share of lymphocytes with a micronucleus – 3.0 ‰, binuclear lymphocytes – 2.3 ‰, mitotic index – 7.7 ‰. Genetic indicators of the population of Przewalski’s horses according to ISSR markers: when using (GA)9C as a primer, microsatellite repeats of polymorphic loci were not found, and according to primer (GAG)6C – 50 % of polymorphic loci. The main indicators of genetic diversity, with the help of ISSR markers: the share of polymorphic loci was 25 %, the average gene diversity per locus – 0.39, the Shannon–Wiener information index – 2.5. Conclusions. No negative side effects occur when Madison and Reverson drugs are used to immobilize Przewalski’s horses. According to the results of cytogenetic analy­sis, the stability of the karyotype of the studied animals was established. The study of genetic polymorphism of the horse population by ISSR markers (AG)9C and (GAG)6C indicates a high degree of genetic consolidation. All tested animals are relatively safe according to the revealed intra-population genetic diversity.

<i>Chroodactylon ornatum</i> (C.Agardh) Basson (<i>Rhodophyta</i>, <i>Stylonematales</i>) in the flora of Ukraine: distribution, conservation and the data on a new locality

The article discusses data on distribution, ecology and conservation of the pseudofilamentous red alga Chroodactylon ornatum (C.Agardh) Basson (Stylonematales, Rhodophyta) in Ukraine. The article includes original microphotographs, morphological description, and data on the new locality (Miskyi Stav (City Pond), Ivano-Frankivsk), which is the sixth and westernmost recorded locality of the algae in freshwater bodies of Ukraine. The species has a very peculiar morphology, is characterized by a wide ecological amplitude, occurs in saline (marine), brackish and freshwater waterbodies and is included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine with the category "rare". The analysis of literature data on the species distribution within Ukraine confirmed the presence of at least 39 localities of C. ornatum. It is noted that the species is, on the one hand, very rare in freshwater environments and, it is common in marine communities along the Black Sea coast of Ukraine (with some findings in coastal estuaries and the Sea of Azov). This raises the question of the need for further detailed nomenclatural, taxonomic, and algosozological studies of freshwater populations of the species.

An Assessment of the Construction and Hydrographic Conditions of Bukhtarma and Ust-Kamenogorsk Reservoirs in the East Kazakhstan Region for 2017–2021

The article defines the morphometric, hydrochemical, and hydrobiological parameters of the Ust-Kamenogorsk reservoir, located on the territory of Ablaketka and the Bukhtarma reservoir, formed in the zone of narrowing of the mountain valley (1960), 12 km below the confluence of the Bukhtarma River with the Irtysh River. When determining deviations in indicators of the reservoirs, data from gauging stations have been taken into account. The purpose of the article is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the current state of two large reservoirs in the East Kazakhstan region during the specified time period. The novelty of this topic lies in its comprehensive approach to assessing various aspects of the reservoirs’ condition in a specific region over a defined period. This approach enables the identification of current trends and issues and facilitates the proposal of practical measures to address them and enhance water resource management. As a result of this research work, after analyzing changes in indicators, the condition of the reservoirs was determined. During the research work, according to the results of hydrochemical studies, the Bukhtarma reservoir is favorable for the habitat of aquatic organisms, and in the Ust-Kamenogorsk reservoir, a positive change in hydrochemical parameters has been noted compared with 2020. In addition, after analyzing the research indicators, it was proposed to form specially protected areas in the Bukhtarma reservoir, suitable for use in connection with the distribution of valuable fish listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan. When demonstrating the location of gauging stations, methods of remote sensing of the earth and the method of geoinformation mapping were used.

Buzzing Guardians: Protecting Pollinators in Agricultural Landscapes

In agriculture crop ecosystem, pollination is the foremost fundamental activity performed by fascinating creatures like bees, butterflies, hoverflies, birds and bats that ensures reproductive success in angiosperms. Currently, most of the pollinators are appearing in red data book as their population and abundance depleting in the ecosystem. Their extinction was driven by threats like habitat loss, climate change, urbanization, use of chemical pesticides, pest and diseases. Decline in pollinator population may pose a considerable decrease in global food production and productivity. Effective and efficient conservation strategies are the key elements to mitigate the threats faced by pollinators in the promotion of pollinator resilience. Here we explored a wide range of conservation strategies, which restores the pollinator habitat by following the sustainable agricultural practices, and some policy interventions. Public awareness and collaborative efforts among governments, NGOs, and the private sector are crucial for the successful implementation and adaptation of these conservation strategies. By acclimatizing an integrated, collaborative and convincing approach for pollinator conservation, we can assure and predict the sustainability and productivity of ecosystem, that eventually supports biodiversity and food security.

Новые сведения об агарикоидных грибах (Basidiomycota) национального парка «Койгородский» (Республика Коми, Россия)

The paper provides the data on 148 species of agaricoid basidiomycetes, first recorded in the territory of the Koygorodskiy National Park (Komi Republic, Russia), of which 31 species are new to the republic. New locations of four included in the Red Data Book of the Komi Republic species (Echinoderma echinaceum, Baeospora myriadophylla, Phyllotopsis nidulans, Ripartites tricholoma) are found. Desarmillaria ectypa, a species included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, is registered for the first time for the region.

ЕКОЛОГО-ЦЕНОТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ УГРУПОВАНЬ З УЧАСТЮ HYDROCOTYLE VULGARIS L. В УКРАЇНІ

An ecological and cenotic analysis of Hydrocotyle vulgaris, a rare sub-Atlantic species, which is in Ukraine on the eastern border of distribution and is listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine, was carried out. The article presents data on the distribution of the species in Ukraine, obtained on the basis of personal data, literary materials and the database of the National Biodiversity Information Network (UkrBin). Six new localities of the species are presented. It was discovered that H. vulgaris occurs on the territory of four regions. It is most widespread on the territory of the Volyn and Lviv region. The locality in the Ternopil region should be considered as lost. For the first time, the locality on the territory of the Rivne Nature Reserve, which is currently the easternmost in Ukraine, is given. The phytocenotic peculiarities of the species on the territory of Ukraine and neighboring countries has been established. Types of vegetation with presence of the species were defined. According to the analysis of literary sources, the species is widespread on peat bogs, marshy meadows, in the zone of periodic flooding along the banks of mesotrophic reservoirs, on alder bogs with peaty, moderately acidic, silty sands. In general, the species was noted as part of 6 classes and 9 alliances, presented by woody, shrubby and herbaceous vegetation. Based on personal data, it was found that H. vulgaris occurs in communities of three classes, four alliances and four associations on the territory of Ukraine. The ecological and coenotic study of H. vulgaris made it possible to establish the peculiarities of the ecology of this species. It was established that the leading edaphic factors affecting the distribution of the species are humidity and soil composition. It is limited to nutrient-poor non-saline slightly acidic soils, mainly peaty or sandy. H. vulgaris belongs to the species that are affected by the changing water regime and is limited to places where temporary flooding is observed. It prefers habitats with reduced interspecific competition. Taking into account this feature, it is proposed to introduce regular mowing as a factor that prevents civilization of the territory and stimulates the vegetative renewal of the populations of the species. In tree and shrub communities, it is proposed to carry out selective felling. In order to preserve the populations of the species, it is also necessary to maintain the bare, well-moistened areas. In nearby agricultural lands it is necessary to avoid fertilizers.

Advancing Social Equity in Urban UAV Logistics: Insights from the Academic Literature and Social Media

In recent years, the rapid growth of e-commerce and on-demand delivery services has placed a significant strain on urban logistics systems. Technological advances such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based logistics systems have thus emerged as promising solutions in urban environments and are increasingly being piloted worldwide. However, the implementation of UAV logistics risks exacerbating social inequities, particularly in marginalized communities that may disproportionately bear the noise and safety risks. To mitigate these risks, it is crucial to integrate social equity considerations into urban UAV logistics. This study explores social equity factors through a systematic literature review and social media analysis of Xiaohongshu (the Little Red Book), a popular Chinese social media platform known for its extensive user base and active discussions on social issues. This literature review involves a full-text examination, while latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modeling is used to analyze social media comment datasets. Each method identifies social equity factors and separately assesses their relative importance, resulting in the final identification of 24 key factors that provide a holistic view of public sentiment and academic discourse. The findings reveal a divide between academic concerns around systemic risks and a public focus on immediate needs. By synthesizing these insights, this study provides a social equity landscape for urban UAV logistics and actionable references for policymakers and stakeholders.

The impact of the military factor on the condition of the infrastructure and natural environment of the regions of Ukraine after the Russian aggression

The article is devoted to the study of the impact of the military factor in the conditions of full-scale aggression of the Russian Federation on the infrastructure and natural environment of the regions of Ukraine and the determination of priority ways of their reconstruction and reproduction.On the basis of monographic, statistical and cartographic methods, the damage caused by hostilities in the socio-industrial sphere, transport infrastructure, energy and housing and communal services, the financial sector and their localization by administrative regions were analyzed. The negative impact of the military factor and the damage caused in physical and cost terms to such components of the environment as air, water resources, ground cover, nature reserve fund, forests are considered. Zoning of the territory of Ukraine was carried out according to the consequences of military actions due to the full-scale aggression of the Russian Federation according to the following criteria: the amount of negative impact on the infrastructure and the main components of the natural environment; possibilities of their safe reconstruction and restoration in our time; duration of occupation of temporarily occupied territories; the intensity of hostilities and the scale of the military’s impact on the economy and the natural environment today.According to the specified criteria, five regions were selected, two of which already have the opportunity to restore the necessary facilities for the life of the population and assistance to the Armed Forces. Prerequisites and priority directions for infrastructure reconstruction and restoration of the natural environment have been determined for territories where hostilities are not taking place and the risk of negative military impact has decreased. In the territories liberated from the occupiers, it is urgently necessary to create a comprehensive program of reproduction of the Red Book species of flora and fauna of our country, preservation of biodiversity, and in the reconstruction of the infrastructure destroyed by the war, a nature conservation approach, which will allow us to preserve our unique environment, is especially important.

<i>Najas tenuissima</i> (Hydrocharitaceae), a new species to the flora of Tyva

For the first time, information is provided about the presence of Najas tenuissima in the northeast of Tyva (Todzha District, Azas Lake), which significantly expands the knowledge on the species distribution in Russia. Najas tenuissima is a rare species listed in the “Red Data Book of the Russian Federation”. In Russia, its range is disjunctive; a few localities are known in the European part, the south of Central Siberia (Eastern Sayan: Tiberkul and Spasskoye Lakes) and in the Far East (Amur Region and Primorye Territory).

New records and an updated list of reptiles from Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam.

Thanh Hoa Province is located in North Central Vietnam and the Province contains a large area of 393,361.33 hectares of natural forest. A complexity of landforms has given this Province a high level of biodiversity potential. However, the reptile fauna of Thanh Hoa Province is still underestimated. Previous studies documented 111 species of reptiles from this Province. As a result of our field surveys in Pu Luong and Xuan Lien Nature Reserves, we report five species of reptiles for the first time from Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam, namely Plestiodontamdaoensis, Scincelladevorator (Scincidae), Elaphetaeniura, Pareasmacularius and Pseudoxenodonmacrops (Colubridae), with novel data about morphological characteristics. In addition, we provide an updated checklist of 116 species of reptiles from Thanh Hoa Province. The reptile fauna of Thanh Hoa Province also contains a number of species of conservation concern: 22 species listed in the Red Data Book of Vietnam, 22 species listed in the IUCN Red List, 18 species listed in the Vietnam Governmental Decree No. 84; and 21 species listed in CITES appendices.

The First Information on the Low Molecular Metabolom Lobelia dortmanna (Campanulaceae, Magnoliophyta) Growing in the Northwest of the Russian Federation

The low molecular weight metabolome (LMWM) of Lobelia dortmanna L. (Campanulaceae, Magnoliophyta), a relic aquatic macrophyte listed in the Red Data Books of the Russian Federation and Republic of Belarus, was studied for the first time using the GC/MS technique. It is a macrophyte that grows in oligotrophic lakes in the northwest of the Vologda Region, Russia. Thirteen major chemicals were among the 127 volatile low molecular weight organic compounds (VOCs) discovered, which accounted for 77.23% of the overall VOC content (198.75 µg/g dry plant weight). The main components of LMWM were carboxylic acids and hydrocarbons. The presence of a large number of biologically active metabolites with a high concentration in L. dortmanna LMWM may indicate a significant effect of this plant on the hydrobiocenoses of the littoral zone of oligotrophic lakes. Further research into the LMWM of aquatic macrophytes in oligotrophic lakes, a valuable renewable resource, is needed to assess the background characteristics of the natural environment for more effective monitoring of the ecological state of water bodies in the Russian Federation's North-West and the rational use of their biological resources.

Special Protection of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic Natural Areas

The presented article provides information on specially protected natural areas of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. The environmental strategy implemented under the leadership of Heydar Aliyev since the 70s of the last centuries is successfully continuing in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic today. The article also pays special attention to the beauty of the nature of Nakhchivan and the potential of ecotourism. As a result of the research, it was found that in the past period, in order to improve the environmental situation and protect biodiversity, the negative impact on the environment was minimized, and modern technologies were used in economic development. Specially protected natural territories have been created to protect the flora and fauna species of the territories that fascinate with aesthetic beauty, ecological balance, protection and restoration of biodiversity, the uniqueness of the natural environment, rare and endangered species. The article also contains detailed information about the territories of the Ordubad State Nature Reserve, Ordubad National Park, Shahbuz State Nature Reserve, Arpachay State Nature Reserve and Arazboyu State Nature Reserve, their geographical position, flora and fauna species listed in the Red Book. also reflected. Created and protected reserves, reserves and parks are also of particular importance in terms of visibility when conducting production experiments for high school students.

Language practices of Chinese doctoral students studying abroad on social media: a translanguaging perspective

Abstract Existing research has recognized the important role of translanguaging in linguistic education. Recent studies have begun to turn attention to translanguaging practices on social media. This study contributes to this growing body of literature by examining translanguaging strategies and functions deployed by Chinese doctoral students studying abroad on the social media platform Little Red Book. A netnography approach and computer-mediated discourse analysis are combined to analyze the data. The findings reveal that Chinese doctoral students employ various translanguaging strategies online, including multilingual, multi-semiotic, and multimodal strategies, to achieve a range of pragmatic functions. The multilingual strategy consists of using Chinese characters, English words or phrases, English abbreviations, English acronyms, Chinese pinyin acronyms, and Chinese pinyin initials; the multi-semiotic strategy involves the use of emojis and hashtags; while the multimodal strategy incorporates photos. The study also explores the motivations behind the use of translanguaging on social media by these students. The results indicate that social media provides translanguaging space for Chinese doctoral students studying abroad to creatively make full use of their linguistic repertoire. In doing so, they are able to demonstrate their doctoral identities, their socialization abilities, and attitudes of language playfulness.

О проекте атласа «Биоразнообразие России»

The paper considers the relevance and possibility of developing a new cartographic work—the “Biodiversity of Russia” atlas. The aim of the work is to present the fundamental role of biodiversity in the development of nature and its importance as a national treasure, as a basis for sustainability and prosperity of Russia—a huge part of our planet. The atlas is intended to combine the efforts of various specialists to summarize modern scientific data on the biological diversity of the country’s territory. Sections of the atlas will reflect the country’s biodiversity at different levels of biota organization, including genetic, species and broadly ecosystem (soils, wetlands, forests, landscapes, biomes) diversity, based on the use of geoinformation technologies and various means of content visualization, with the use of high-quality photographs in order to achieve the greatest informativeness and visibility. The problems of biodiversity protection and restoration are discussed in detail: loss of species, Red Books, the system of specially protected natural areas in Russia and its representativeness, the share of red-listed species in the total number of species in different regions of the Russian Federation. A special problem is the situation with biodiversity assessment and protection in new regions of the country. The development of the Atlas will provide a new body of scientific knowledge about the natural component of the country, its diversity, which will allow scientifically justified organization of both the use and protection of biological diversity. Purposeful unification of such complex material in one publication will give a new impetus to the development of research in the area under consideration. The visibility and accessibility of the publication will contribute to the realization of the importance of the biodiversity problem and the need to participate in its conservation.

Assessing Genetic Variability and Population Structure of Alnus glutinosa (Black Alder) in Kazakhstan Using SSR Markers.

Alnus glutinosa plays a crucial role in flood control, riverbank stabilization, and water purification. Recognized for its ecological significance, it is listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. This study investigated the genetic variability of A. glutinosa populations in Kazakhstan, analyzing 78 trees from seven populations in the Bayanaul mountain forest massif and the northern Turgay regions using 12 SSR markers. The study identified an average of 6.3 alleles and 2.783 effective alleles, as well as observed and expected heterozygosities of 0.570 and 0.562, respectively, reflecting genetic diversity. Among the populations, KS1 (northern Turgay) and PVL3 (Bayanaul) displayed the highest diversity, while PVL5 (Bayanaul) showed slightly lower diversity. The analysis of molecular variance results indicated that 86% of the genetic diversity occurred within populations, with 14% attributed to differences between populations. A UPGMA tree based on Nei's genetic distance revealed three distinct clusters, suggesting geographically structured genetic variability in A. glutinosa populations.

An evaluation of vilobelimab (anti-C5a) as a cost-effective option to treat severely ill mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19.

In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. COVID-19 patients in intensive care units (ICUs) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) have few available treatment options. PANAMO, a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 study of vilobelimab, which blocks the inflammatory process caused by complement component 5a, demonstrated a significant mortality benefit at 28 and 60 days in these patients. A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted to assess the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). A Markov model was used to estimate QALYs and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of vilobelimab plus standard of care (SOC) versus SOC alone. The model simulated progression from severe COVID-19 to survival or death over a lifetime horizon. Outcomes data (COVID-19 all-cause mortality and renal replacement therapy) were incorporated from the PANAMO trial. COVID-19 mortality estimates were based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention age-specific survival data. Utility values and hospital costs came from the literature. Vilobelimab cost was obtained from RED BOOK Online. For COVID-19 ICU patients, total costs of care were $103,414 (SOC) and $132,247 (SOC plus vilobelimab), respectively, resulting in an incremental cost of $28,833. SOC provided 6.70 QALYs versus 7.99 QALYs for vilobelimab, an additional 1.29 QALYs. The ICER for vilobelimab plus SOC versus SOC alone was $22,287/QALY. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of the cost-effectiveness result as vilobelimab plus SOC was favored at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000 in over 81% of iterations. Vilobelimab provides a cost-effective option to treat ICU patients with severe COVID-19 receiving IMV compared to SOC, at well below the commonly accepted $50,000 US willingness-to-pay threshold.