Background and Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a fatal human malignancy, accounts for 90% of primary liver cancers worldwide. In conjunction with several cellular, molecular and genetic aberrations, dysregulation of a variety of non-coding RNAs such as long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been implicated in HCC. LncRNAs are endogenous cellular RNAs that play pivotal roles in the modulation of the tumor microenvironment in several malignant processes such as initiation, progression, and dissemination. A variety of LncRNAs has been reported to be dysregulated in HCC. In context, we aim to characterize the functional regulatory mechanisms of LncRNAs in HCC. Methods: The databases PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane were probed for relevant literature in English using the keywords “LncRNAs and hepatocellular carcinoma”, “LncRNA and downregulation and hepatocellular carcinoma”, and “LncRNA and upregulation and hepatocellular carcinoma”. Manuscripts pertaining to other non-coding RNAs involved in HCC were excluded. Results: Dysregulation of LncRNA expression have been associated with prognosis and metastasis of HCC. Several lines of evidence indicate that a host of LncRNAs found to be upregulated in HCC viz., HULC, H19, TUC338, MALAT1 and HOTAIR, promote cell proliferation, cell growth, tumor growth, increased liver cirrhosis, metastasis and invasion, inhibition of apoptosis and recurrence. Contrarily, LncRNAs MEG3, LncRNA-LET, PTENP1, SRHC and MTIDP are downregulated in HCC and exhibit inhibition of cancer proliferation, decreased cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, reduced hepatic invasion and metastasis. Conclusion: Recent advancements elucidate that the non-coding part of the genome, once considered as superfluous or transcriptional “noise”, play significant roles in various biological processes. Although LncRNA research is still at an early stage, extensive and in-depth inquests are imperative to establish the functional importance of lnRNA in HCC in order to ascertain whether LncRNAs can be clinically utilized as early diagnostic and prognostic marker for HCC or as potential therapeutic targets in HCC. The authors have none to declare.