Recurrence-free Survival Rates In Patients Research Articles

Ideal cystoscopic interval after nephroureterectomy in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the appropriate cystoscopic interval after nephroureterectomy (NU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) using a hypothetical model. A total of 155 patients who underwent NU in 15 years were retrospectively evaluated. Three hypothetical models for surveillance intervals were created: 3 (model 1), 6 (model 2) and 12 months (model 3). We superimposed these models on the actual surveillance of each patient and analyzed the observed timing of recurrence. The time from recurrence to scheduled cystoscopy (timeRCS) was defined as the time from recurrence to estimated cystoscopy. The gap risk ratio was calculated based on the average of timeRCS for model 1 at 0-1 year after surgery. The median follow-up was 20.5 months. Intravesical recurrence was observed in 63 patients (40.6%). The 3-year intravesical recurrence-free survival rate in patients without a history of bladder cancer before NU was significantly higher than in those with a history of bladder cancer (61% vs. 42%, P = 0.034). The medians of timeRCS for models 1, 2, and 3 were 1.9, 2.9, and 8.4 months, respectively. The gap risk ratios for model 1 at 1-3 years, model 2 at 2-3 years for patients with a history of bladder cancer, and model 2 at 1-3 years for patients without a history of bladder cancer were less than 1.0. Model analysis shows that the cystoscopic follow-up interval can be extended depending on the presence or absence of a history of bladder cancer and the time after NU.

Can adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors improve the long-term outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma with high-risk recurrent factors after liver resection? A meta-analysis and systematic review

BackgroundAdministering adjuvant therapy following liver resection is crucial for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibiting high-risk recurrence factors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective against unresectable HCC; however, their effectiveness and safety for this specific patient group remain uncertain.MethodsWe conducted an extensive literature search across four scholarly databases to identify relevant studies. Our primary endpoints were overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and adverse events (AEs). OS and RFS were quantified using hazard ratios (HRs), whereas the 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS and RFS rates were expressed as risk ratios (RRs). Additionally, the incidence of AEs was calculated.ResultsOur meta-analysis included 11 studies (N = 3,219 patients), comprising two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nine retrospective studies. Among these, eight studies reported HRs for OS, showing a statistically significant improvement in OS among patients receiving adjuvant ICIs (HR, 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45–0.80; p < 0.0001). All included studies reported HRs for RFS, indicating a favorable impact of adjuvant ICIs (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.52–0.73; p < 0.0001). Moreover, aggregated data demonstrated improved 1- and 2-year OS and RFS rates with adjuvant ICIs. The incidence rate of AEs of any grade was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.49–0.91), with grade 3 or above AEs occurring at a rate of 0.12 (95% CI, 0.05–0.20).ConclusionAdjuvant ICI therapy can enhance both OS and RFS rates in patients with HCC exhibiting high-risk recurrence factors, with manageable AEs.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023488250.

Oncocytic type has distinct immunohistochemical and recurrence-free survival than other histologic types of the intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct

Although intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm (IOPN) was considered distinct from the intraductal papillary neoplasm of the pancreas, the oncocytic histologic type remained as a subtype of intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPNBs) with gastric, intestinal, and pancreatobiliary types based on the fifth edition of the WHO classification. To test the characteristics of the oncocytic type of IPNBs, the histopathologic, immunohistochemical (Hep Par-1 and CD117), and clinical characteristics of 13 oncocytic type were compared with 114 others (15 gastric, 39 pancreatobiliary, and 60 intestinal) IPNB types. The oncocytic type, which occupied about 9% of IPNBs, was more frequent in females (p < 0.05) and larger (mean, 5.3 vs. 3.6 cm; p < 0.002) than other IPNB types. Immunohistochemically, the oncocytic type had more frequent combined Hep Par-1 and CD117 expression than other IPNB types (all p < 0.05). The recurrence-free survival rate for patients with the oncocytic type (5-year survival, 100%) was significantly higher (p = 0.015) than for those with other histologic types (59.9%). The oncocytic type had distinct histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and survival outcomes from other IPNBs. Therefore, it can be separated from other IPNB types and classified as one independent entity, similar to IOPN of the pancreas.

Prognostic impact of primary tumour location after curative resection in Stage I-III colorectal cancer: a single-centre retrospective study.

The relationship of tumour site with post-recurrence course and outcome after primary surgery in resectable colorectal cancer is unclear. This study investigated the prognostic impact of primary tumour location following radical resection without preoperative treatment in Stage I-III colorectal cancer. We analyzed 3770 patients with Stage I-III colorectal cancer who underwent curative resection at our hospital during 2000-15. We defined the right-sided colon as the cecum, ascending colon and transverse colon, and the left-sided colon as the descending colon, sigmoid and rectosigmoid junction. Patients were divided into three groups according to tumour site: right-sided colon, left-sided colon and rectum. Endpoints were overall survival, recurrence-free survival by stage and survival after recurrence, respectively. The 5-year overall survival rates of patients with stage I left-sided colon cancer, right-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer were 98.2, 97.3 and 97.2%, respectively (P=0.488). The 5-year overall survival rates of patients with Stage II left-sided colon cancer, right-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer were 96.2, 88.7 and 83.0, respectively (P=0.070). The 5-year overall survival rates of patients with Stage III left-sided colon cancer, right-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer were 88.7, 83.0 and 80.2, respectively (P=0.001). The 5-year recurrence-free survival rates of patients with Stage I left-sided colon cancer, right-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer were 95.1, 94.5 and 90.6% (P=0.027). The 5-year recurrence-free survival rates of patients with Stage II left-sided colon cancer, right-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer were 85.2, 90.2 and 76.1%, respectively (P<0.001). The 5-year recurrence-free survival rates of patients with Stage III left-sided colon cancer, right-sided colon cancer and rectal cancer were 75.3, 75.3 and 59.8%, respectively (P<0.001). Right-sided colon cancer was significantly associated with better recurrence-free survival compared with left-sided colon cancer (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.03-1.63; P=0.025) and rectal cancer (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.51-2.38; P<0.001) after adjusting for clinical factors. Amongst patients with recurrence, right-sided colon cancer was significantly associated with poorer survival after recurrence compared with left-sided colon cancer (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48-0.97; P=0.036), and showed a tendency towards poorer survival after recurrence compared with rectal cancer (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.57-1.10; P=0.164). In Stage I-III colorectal cancer without preoperative treatment, our results suggest that the three tumour sites (right-sided colon, left-sided colon or rectum) may have prognostic significance for recurrence-free survival and survival after recurrence, rather than sidedness alone.

The impact of contour maps on estimating the risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumor recurrence: indications for adjuvant therapy: an analysis of the Kinki GIST registry

IntroductionContour maps enable risk classification of GIST recurrence in individual patients within 10 postoperative years. Although contour maps have been referred to in Japanese guidelines, their usefulness and role in determining indications for adjuvant therapy is still unclear in Japanese patients. The aims of this study are to investigate the validity of contour maps in Japanese patients with GIST and explore the new strategy for adjuvant therapy.Materials and methodsA total of 1426 Japanese GIST patients who were registered to the registry by the Kinki GIST Study Group between 2003 and 2012 were analyzed. Patients who had R0 surgery without perioperative therapy were included in this study. The accuracy of contour maps was validated.ResultsOverall, 994 patients have concluded this study. Using contour maps, we validated the patients. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rates of patients within the GIST classification groups of 0–10%, 10–20%, 20–40%, 40–60%, 60–80%, 80–90%, and 90–100% were 98.1%, 96.6%, 92.3%, 48.0%, 37.3%, 41.0% and 42.4%, respectively. We confirmed that this classification by contour maps was well reflected recurrence prediction. Further, in the high-risk group stratified by the modified National Institutes of Health consensus criteria (m-NIHC), the 10-year RFS rate was remarkably changed at a cutoff of 40% (0–40% group vs. 40–100% group: 88.7% vs. 50.3%, p < 0.001).ConclusionContour maps are effective in predicting individual recurrence rates. And it may be useful for the decision of individual strategy for high-risk patients combined with m-NIHC.

Optimal range of lymph node dissection in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis.

Whether patients with unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis (LLNM) require prophylactic central regional lymph node dissection (CLND) remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the independent risk factors associated with contralateral central lymph node metastasis (cCLNM) in unilateral PTC with LLNM and analyzed the optimal extent of lymph node dissection by comparing the 5-year recurrence-free survival rates. We retrospectively analyzed 695 patients with unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma and lateral cervical lymph node metastasis. Factors including sex, age, multifocal, location of primary tumor, tumor diameter, capsule invasion, thyroid nodular goiter, Hashimoto thyroiditis, ipsilateral central lymph node metastasis(iCLNM), and lateral cervical lymph node metastasis were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to explore the independent risk factors of cCLNM. Propensity scores were matched to compare the 5-year recurrence-free survival rates in patients divided by different lymph node metastases and dissections. Of all patients who underwent bilateral (b)CLND, 52% (149/286) had cCLNM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed on 286 patients who underwent bCLND, for which a tumor diameter of 20.5 mm and number of LLNM of 3.5 were used as the thresholds for predicting cCLNM. The 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates in the cCLN-negative and cCLN-positive groups were 98.6% and 91.2%, with statistically significant differences (P=0.034). The 5-year RFS rates showed no significant difference between the ipsilateral (i)CLND and bCLND groups (P=0.235). Multifactorial regression analysis showed that tumor diameter >2 cm, presence of iCLNM, and number of LLNM >3 were independent risk factors of cCLNM.But male sex, young age (<45 years), multifocality, location of primary tumor, capsule invasion, thyroid nodular goiter, and Hashimoto thyroiditis were not associated with cCLNM. Not all unilateral PTC with LLNM require prophylactic cCLND; however, prophylactic cCLND is necessary in cases which display high-risk factors for cCLNM, including primary diameter >2 cm, iCLNM, and number of LLNM >3.

Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Radical Cystectomy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Analysis of Efficacy and Safety in 119 Patients

IntroductionCisplatin-based systemic chemotherapy is recommended as neoadjuvant treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) before radical cystectomy (RC). However, clinical challenges include the possibility of primary chemoresistance and limited feasibility in patients with renal impairment. This study investigated the efficacy and safety profiles of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by RC. Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 119 patients with nonmetastatic MIBC, who were pathologically diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma and underwent NCRT before RC. The pathological response to NCRT was evaluated using RC specimens. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were compared according to pathological responses to NCRT. ResultsOf the 119 patients, 111 (93%) underwent RC; ypT0 and downstaging to ≤ypT1 were observed in 42 (38%) and 76 (68%) patients, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, smaller tumor size was independently associated with ypT0. During a median follow-up of 5.2 years, 28 (25%) patients developed recurrence and 22 (20%) died of bladder cancer after RC. The 5-year RFS and CSS rates were 75% and 80%, respectively. The 5-year RFS rates in patients with ypT0, ypTa/is/1, and ≥ypT2 were 87%, 87%, and 46%, respectively. Similarly, patients with ypT0 and ypTa/is/1 had more favorable CSS (90% and 87% at 5 years, respectively) than those with ≥ypT2 (60%, P = .001). None of the patients experienced ≥grade 4 adverse events related to NCRT or ≥grade 4 complications of RC. ConclusionsThis study demonstrated sufficient efficacy and safety profile of NCRT followed by RC. Chemoradiotherapy may be a helpful alternative for neoadjuvant treatment before RC.

Effect of ABO blood group on postoperative overall survival and recurrence-free survival rate in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: a multi-center retrospective cohort study

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The survival rate after hepatectomy as the first line of treatment for HCC depends on various factors. This study evaluated the association of the ABO blood group and Rh with overall survival (OS) and Recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate after hepatectomy.MethodsThis multicenter retrospective cohort study reviewed the medical files of 639 HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy from 2010 to 2022 in three medical centers affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences. Patient data, including demographic, clinical, tumor characteristics, and post-surgery outcomes, were collected by referring to the patient’s medical profiles. The Cox proportional hazard investigated the relationship between ABO blood group type and OS and RFS rate after hepatectomy.ResultsThe five-year OS and RFS rates were 25.4% and 18.7%, respectively. The five-year OS (Lok rank:40.89, P:0.001) and RFS rate in patients with blood type A were significantly lower than in non-A patients. (Lok rank:10.8, P:0.001) The multivariate Cox analysis showed that blood type A, age < 45 years, tumor size > 5 cm, Poor tumor differentiation, presence of metastasis, The number of involved lymph nodes ≤ 2, and serum Alpha-Fetoprotein)AFP( level ≥ 400 were significantly related to the decreased survival rate of HCC patients after hepatectomy (P < 0.05) There was no significant association between Rh with OS and RFS (P > 0.05).ConclusionBlood group type A, compared to non-A, can be associated with decreased OS and RFS rates in patients with HCC after hepatectomy.

Proximal Tibia Tumour Location and Curettage Are Major Risk Factors of Local Recurrence in Giant Cell Tumour of Bone.

Giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) is one of the most common local aggressive tumourous lesions with a wide variety of biological behaviour. However, there are no clear indicative criteria when choosing the type of procedure and the complication rates remain high, especially in terms of local recurrence. The purpose of the study was to (1) identify the main risk factors for local recurrence, (2) evaluate the recurrence-free survival in dependence on neoadjuvant denosumab use and the type of procedure, and (3) compare the functional outcomes after curettage and en bloc resection. The group included 102 patients with GCTB treated between 2006 and 2020. The mean age of patients was 34.4 years (15-79). The follow-up period was 8.32 years (2-16) on average. Local recurrence occurred in 14 patients (29.8%) who underwent curettage and in 5 patients (10.6%) after en bloc resection. Curettage was shown to be a factor in increasing recurrence rates (OR = 3.64 [95% CI: 1.19-11.15]; p = 0.023). Tibial location was an independent risk factor for local recurrence regardless of the type of surgery (OR = 3.22 [95% CI: 1.09-9.48]; p = 0.026). The recurrence-free survival rate of patients treated with resection and denosumab was higher compared to other treatments at five years postoperatively (p = 0.0307). Functional ability and pain as reported by patients at the latest follow-up were superior after curettage compared to resection for upper and lower extremity (mean difference: -4.00 [95% CI: -6.81 to -1.18]; p < 0.001 and mean difference: -5.36 [95% CI: -3.74 to -6.97]; p < 0.001, respectively). Proximal tibia tumour location and curettage were shown to be major risk factors for local recurrence in GCTB regardless of neoadjuvant denosumab treatment. The recurrence-free survival rate of patients treated with resection and denosumab was higher compared to other treatments. The functional outcome of patients after curettage was better compared to en bloc resection.

Comprehensive analysis of ACKR family members in breast cancer using prognostic values.

Breast cancer (BC) is by far the most prevalent malignancy found in the female population. Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) are a subclass of G-protein-coupled receptors, which are characterized by disrupted ligand binding and a breakdown of signaling following ligand binding. The evolution and function of multiple ACKRs in BC have yet to be fully elucidated, although certain findings on this family have been reported in several studies in Homo sapiens and other species. The present study identified that the expression level of ACKRs was significantly lower in breast carcinoma (BRCA) tissues compared with normal breast tissues through searches of the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, UALCAN and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis databases. Additionally, when comparing BRCA tissues with normal breast tissues, it was found that there was obvious hypomethylation in the promoters of ACKR1, ACKR3 and ACKR5, as well as a marked hypermethylation in the promoters of ACKR2 and ACKR6. In determining the prognosis of patients with BRCA, the expression levels of ACKR1, ACKR2, ACKR3, ACKR4 and ACKR6 were all found to be important factors. The values for distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were all found to be lower in patients with BRCA who had a low expression level of ACKR1. In addition, the RFS rates for patients with BRCA were lower when the expression of ACKR2 was low, and worse values for DMFS, OS and RFS were found to be highly correlated with higher expression levels of ACKR3. Moreover, the DMFS, OS, RFS and predictive power score values were worse in those patients with low ACKR4 expression, and the RFS values for patients with BRCA were also found to be lower when the expression level of ACKR6 was low. Additionally, dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, T cells with CD4+ status, T cells with CD8+ status and B cells were all substantially linked with ACKR expression, as well as immune cell infiltration. Taken together, the findings of the present study may offer a theoretical foundation for the creation of novel targets and prognostic indicators for BRCA therapy.

DECRESCENDO: de-escalating chemotherapy in HER2-positive, estrogen receptor-negative, node-negative early breast cancer.

The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-enriched intrinsic subtype represents up to 75% of all HER2-positive hormone receptor (HR)-negative breast cancer (BC). Optimizing HER2-targeting therapy in this population might allow the omission of anthracycline-based chemotherapy, which is associated with potentially severe toxicities. DECRESCENDO (NCT04675827) is a large, multicenter, single-arm phase II trial in patients with HR-negative, HER2-positive, node-negative early BC evaluating a neoadjuvant pertuzumab and trastuzumab fixed-dose combination administered subcutaneously plus taxane-based chemotherapy followed by adjuvant treatment, adapted according to response to neoadjuvant therapy. The primary end point is the 3-year recurrence-free survival rate in patients with 'HER2-enriched' tumors and a pathological complete response. This flexible care substudy offers adjuvant treatment administration outside the hospital to some patients.

The prognostic value of P53 index in predicting the recurrence of early low-risk endometrial cancer.

We aimed to clarify the clinical value of P53 index in patients with early low-risk endometrial cancer (EC) and find an optimal cut-off value of P53 index for predicting the recurrence of these patients. The clinicopathological data of 157 patients with early low-risk EC (stage 1A with grade 1 or 2 endometrioid EC) were analyzed. The optimal cut-off value of the P53 index was calculated by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and Youden index. Cox regression model was used to evaluate the independent prognostic predictors of recurrence of EC. Then all patients were divided into two groups according to the optimal cut-off value of the P53 index. Differences of the clinicopathological parameters between the two groups were compared. Multivariate analysis showed age PR (p = 0.020) and P53 (p = 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for the recurrence of EC. The value of P53 index was found to be the optimal cut-off point of 17.5% in estimating the recurrence of EC. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rates of patients in the low P53 index group (<17.5%) and the high P53 index group (≥17.5%) were 94.6% and 65.4% (p < 0.001). It has been revealed that the P53 index is a prognostic factor for recurrence in early low-risk EC. The optimal cut-off value of P53 index may contribute to the postoperative individualized treatment options for early low-risk EC patients.

Coil-assisted ethanol embolotherapy for refractory head and neck arteriovenous malformations with Onyx recrudescence: 10-Year experiences

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of coil-assisted ethanol embolotherapy in recanalized head and neck arteriovenous malformations (HNAVMs) with dilated outflowing veins after Onyx treatment. MethodsThirty-six patients with HNAVMs (18 females and 18 males with a mean age of 26.83 years) who experienced recurrence after Onyx embolization from October 2007 to October 2017 were included in this study. All patients underwent complete clinical and angiographic examinations. Further, each patient was classified based on the Schobinger stage before undergoing staged ethanol embolization. All patients were followed up for 5 years in-person at an interval of 3 months after discharge. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to perform the recurrence-free survival analysis. ResultsSixteen patients (44.4%) had Schobinger stage II HNAVMs, and the remaining patients had Schobinger stage III or IV (20/36 patients [55.6%]) HNAVMs. A total of 116 embolization procedures were performed, coils were applied in 107 procedures (92.2%) among patients with dilated outflowing veins. The dose of absolute ethanol was 16.39 mL per procedure in patients with Schobinger II HNAVMs, and 22.45 mL per procedure in patients with Schobinger III and IV HNAVMs (P = .024, 95% confidence interval, 1.128-5.009). During the 3-month evaluation, complete response was observed in 13 of 36 patients (36.1%), and partial response was observed in 23 of 36 patients (63.9%). The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate for patients who underwent Onyx treatment had improved 58.3% after ethanol embolization (95% confidence interval, 2.853-9.595; P < .0001). ConclusionsCoil-assisted ethanol embolotherapy could treat refractory HNAVMs with Onyx recrudescence effectively.

Lipid metabolism for predicting the recurrence of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis

Rationale and objectivesTo investigate the predictive value of lipid metabolism in predicting the recurrence of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP). Materials and methodsA total of 892 patients were admitted to our hospital for acute pancreatitis (AP) from January 2017 to December 2020, of whom 198 diagnosed with HTG-AP were enrolled in this retrospective study. Demographic information, length of stay, smoking index, alcohol abuse, necrosis, severity, baseline lipid metabolism and other blood biochemical indicators were recorded. The risk factors of recurrence were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk analyses, and the cumulative recurrence-free survival rate of patients were calculated using Kaplan Meier method and the differences between groups were compared using the log-rank test. ResultsUnivariate and multivariate analysis showed that triglyceride (hazard ratio, 2.421; 95% CI, 1.152–5.076; P = 0.020), non high-density lipoprotein (hazard ratio, 4.630; 95% CI, 1.692–12.658; P = 0.003) and apolipoprotein A1 (hazard ratio, 1.735; 95% CI, 1.093–2.754; P = 0.019) were important predictors for recurrence of HTG-AP. Subsequently, patients were divided into four groups according to the cut off values of triglyceride, non high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A1. It was found that the cumulative recurrence-free survival rate of patients in highest-risk group or high-risk group was significantly lower than that of medium-risk group (P < 0.001, P = 0.003) or low risk group (P < 0.001). ConclusionSerum triglycerides, non high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A1 are independent predictors of recurrence in HTG-AP patients, which can provide reference for individualized treatment and prevention of recurrence in HTG-AP patients.

A retrospective analysis of 147 cases of orbital exenteration

Objective: To investigate the main indications and prognosis of patients undergoing orbital exenteration (OE). Methods: It was a retrospective case series study. The medical records were collected of patients who underwent OE surgery at Beijing Tongren Hospital from January 2007 to December 2021, and their general information, tumor characteristics, lymph node metastasis, diagnosis and treatment, specific surgical techniques, pathological diagnosis and prognosis were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to evaluate overall survival and recurrence-free survival. Results: A total of 147 patients were included, with a median age of 58 (48, 68) years. Among them, 82 patients (55.8%) were male and 65 (44.2%) were female, and all underwent unilateral OE. Five patients (3.4%) had benign lesions. Among the 142 patients with malignant tumors, conjunctival malignancies (37.3%) were the most common, followed by eyelid (29.6%), orbital (19.0%), and ocular (14.1%) malignancies. Among the 53 patients with conjunctival tumors, 38 (71.7%) had conjunctival melanoma and 14 (26.4%) had squamous cell carcinoma. Among the 42 patients with eyelid malignancies, 19 (45.2%) had sebaceous gland carcinoma and 16 (38.1%) had basal cell carcinoma. Among the 20 patients with ocular malignancies, 10 (50.0%) had choroidal melanoma and 9 (45.0%) had retinoblastoma. The most common pathological types among the 142 patients with malignant tumors were melanoma (51 cases, 35.9%), squamous cell carcinoma (20 cases, 14.1%), sebaceous gland carcinoma (19 cases, 13.4%), and basal cell carcinoma (16 cases, 11.3%). Of the 135 patients included in the survival analysis, all 5 patients with benign lesions were alive at the last follow-up. The median follow-up time for the 130 patients with malignant tumors was 6.9 (2.5, 6.9) years, ranging from 0.2 to 14.0 years. The overall survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years after surgery were 90.9% (95%CI: 85.8%-96.0%), 68.4% (95%CI: 59.6%-77.2%), and 60.1% (95%CI: 50.5%-69.7%), respectively. The recurrence-free survival rates of patients with and without lymph node metastasis before surgery were 57.6% and 56.7%, respectively (OR=1.062, 95% CI: 0.525-2.148, P=0.864), and the overall survival rates were 61.5% and 57.7%, respectively (OR=1.019, 95% CI: 0.512-2.033, P=0.957), with no significant differences both. The recurrence-free survival rates of patients with melanoma (47 cases) and non-melanoma (83 cases) were 40.4% and 67.5%, respectively (OR=2.576, 95% CI: 1.390-4.775, P<0.001), and the overall survival rates were 42.6% and 67.5%, respectively (OR=2.845, 95% CI: 1.549-5.225, P<0.001), with significant differences both. Conclusions: The primary indications for OE are malignant tumors of the conjunctiva and eyelids, with melanoma being the most common malignant tumor of the conjunctiva. Melanoma patients who undergo OE have a lower survival rate compared to other types of malignant tumors. Nevertheless, even in the presence of tumor lymph node metastasis, patients can achieve a relatively good prognosis through OE.

Prognostic significance of extranodal extension of nodal metastasis in adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater

Although nodal metastasis (NM) is an important prognostic factor of ampullary adenocarcinoma, the prognostic implication of extranodal extension (ENE) is not well characterized. NM with ENE status was investigated in 279 surgically resected ampullary adenocarcinoma patients and compared with other clinicopathologic factors, including overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, including E-cadherin, Twist, and Snail, was assessed in a subset of the cohort. NM was observed in 94 cases (33.7%), of which ENE was observed in 32 cases (34%). NM with ENE was more frequently associated with tumors with poor differentiation than NM without ENE (P=.017). The 5-year OS and RFS rates of patients with NM and ENE was significantly worse (13.0% and 6.3%) than those with NM without ENE (37.7% and 21.4%) and those without NM (57.6% and 50.2%, respectively; P<.001). When pN category was matched, the OS and RFS was worse in patients with ENE than in those without ENE (P<.05). Moreover, the expression of E-cadherin and Twist was significantly different between NM areas with and without ENE (all, P<.001). Since ENE was associated with poorly differentiated ampullary adenocarcinomas and showed different expression of EMT markers, EMT could be a possible mechanism of ENE. Ampullary adenocarcinoma patients with ENE had worse OS and RFS than those without ENE. Therefore, evaluation of ENE can provide additional survival information for patients with surgically resected ampullary carcinoma.

PD13-04 DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL GENE EXPRESSION SCORING SYSTEM FOR RECURRENCE IN NON-MUSCLE-INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER AFTER TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF BLADDER TUMOR

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023PD13-04 DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL GENE EXPRESSION SCORING SYSTEM FOR RECURRENCE IN NON-MUSCLE-INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER AFTER TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF BLADDER TUMOR Emina Kayama, Motohide Uemura, Yusuke Kirihana, Akifumi Onagi, Seiji Hoshi, Tomoyuki Koguchi, Tomohiko Yanagida, Fusao Murakami, and Yoshiyuki Kojima Emina KayamaEmina Kayama More articles by this author , Motohide UemuraMotohide Uemura More articles by this author , Yusuke KirihanaYusuke Kirihana More articles by this author , Akifumi OnagiAkifumi Onagi More articles by this author , Seiji HoshiSeiji Hoshi More articles by this author , Tomoyuki KoguchiTomoyuki Koguchi More articles by this author , Tomohiko YanagidaTomohiko Yanagida More articles by this author , Fusao MurakamiFusao Murakami More articles by this author , and Yoshiyuki KojimaYoshiyuki Kojima More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003260.04AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) frequently recurs after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). However, clinical prognostic factors do not always accurately predict tumor recurrence. Therefore, we developed a new gene expression scoring system that is practical for distinguishing between high- and low-risk NMIBC that recur after TURBT. METHODS: We included 89 patients (median age 75) diagnosed with NMIBC after initial TURBT without prior or concurrent upper tract urothelial carcinoma at our institution between 2008 and 2019. This study obtained the approval of the institutional ethics board and the patient's consent. Variations in the expression signature of 14,400 genes within each patient were measured by our microarray analysis which has no mRNA amplification bias, not requiring validation by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. A hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to identify a set of genes that discriminates between high- and low-risk NMIBC. RESULTS: Eleven genes were extracted that predict tumor recurrence after TURBT. The cumulative equivalent of the 11 genes (microarray score) was obtained from each sample, and the optimal cutoff score was calculated to be 1.29 (area under the curve 0.83). A Kaplan-Meier curve showed the 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate was 38.2% in the “high microarray score group” (microarray score ≥1.29, n=39), which was significantly lower than in the “low microarray score group” (82.6%, p=0.002, Figure 1). The 5-year RFS rate in patients with single, Ta low grade tumor <3 cm in diameter without CIS (n=15) was 90.0%, which was higher than in the rest (55.2%); however, no significant difference was observed (p=0.063). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that a microarray score ≥1.29 was an independent factor for disease recurrence (hazard ratio 3.89, p=0.005), but clinical factors were not. CONCLUSIONS: Our novel gene expression scoring system proved to be more useful in predicting recurrence in patients with NMIBC after TURBT than clinical prognostic factors. This scoring system may enable individualized strategic management of high-risk NMIBC patients. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e406 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Emina Kayama More articles by this author Motohide Uemura More articles by this author Yusuke Kirihana More articles by this author Akifumi Onagi More articles by this author Seiji Hoshi More articles by this author Tomoyuki Koguchi More articles by this author Tomohiko Yanagida More articles by this author Fusao Murakami More articles by this author Yoshiyuki Kojima More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Effect of Adjuvant Systemic Chemotherapy on Intravesical Recurrence After Radical Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

There are few reports confirming the relationship between the therapeutic effects of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy and intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. We aimed to evaluate the benefits of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy on intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 133 patients with pathological T stage ≥3 upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma or lymph node metastasis who underwent radical nephroureterectomy between January 2010 and September 2020 at our hospital and other satellite hospitals. In total, 60 patients received adjuvant systemic chemotherapy, and 73 did not. The Student's t-test and chi-square (χ2) test were used to compare between-group differences. The log-rank test was utilized to compare differences in intravesical recurrence between patients with or without adjuvant systemic chemotherapy. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to identify the predictive factors of intravesical recurrence. The median follow-up period was 25 months. Forty (30.1%) patients presented with intravesical recurrence. The 1-year intravesical recurrence-free survival rates of patients with and without adjuvant systemic chemotherapy were 86.0% and 70.2%, respectively (p=0.046). Multivariate analysis showed that adjuvant systemic chemotherapy was significantly associated with a lower risk of intravesical recurrence (p=0.032). Patients with pathological T stage ≥3 upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma or lymph node metastasis can have a satisfactory intravesical recurrence-free survival rate with adjuvant systemic chemotherapy.

Clinical efficacy and prognostic risk factors of salvage liver transplantation, rehepatectomy, and local ablation in the treatment of postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective: To investigate and analyze the clinical efficacy of salvage liver transplantation (SLT), rehepatectomy (RH), local ablation (LA), and prognostic risk factors in patients with postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Clinical data of 145 patients with recurrent liver cancer in the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army from January 2005 to June 2018 were retrospectively collected. SLT group, RH group, and LA group included 25, 44, and 76 cases, respectively. Follow-up and statistics were recorded on the overall survival rate, relapse-free survival rate, and complications of the three groups of patients at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery. Univariate and multivariate COX analyses were used to analyze the prognostic risk factors in patients with recurrent HCC. Results: The overall survival rates of 1, 2, and 3 years following surgery in the SLT, RH, and LA groups were 100.0%, 84.0%, 72.0%, 95.5%, 77.3%, 65.9%, 90.8%, 76.3%, and 63.2%, respectively, when the recurrence of liver cancer met the Milan criteria. The overall survival rate did not differ statistically between SLT and RH (P = 0.303) or between RH and LA (P = 0.152). There were statistically significant differences in recurrence-free survival between SLT and RH or RH and LA (P = 0.046). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between SLT and RH or RH and LA (P > 0.017). Age > 65 years was an independent risk factor affecting the overall survival rate in patients with recurrent HCC. Age > 65 years and recurrence time < 24 months were independent risk factors affecting the recurrence-free survival rate in patients with recurrent HCC. Conclusion: SLT is the best treatment option when the recurrence of HCC meets Milan's criteria. RH and LA are the appropriate treatment plans for recurrent HCC when the liver source is limited.

Survival outcome of upfront surgery for clinical single-station N2 non-small cell lung cancer.

Pathological N2 (pN2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is diverse; its treatment depends on the clinical N (cN) status. We aimed to determine the efficacy of upfront surgery for cN2pN2 NSCLC. The study included 43 cN2pN2 NSCLC patients who underwent upfront surgery at the Shizuoka Cancer Center between 2002 and 2017. Survival outcome, focusing on cN2 status, was retrospectively investigated. Mediastinal lymph nodes were pre-operatively evaluated using computed tomography and positron emission tomography. Surgical eligibility criteria included single-station cN2. N2 with N1 and skip N2 were defined as N2 with and without ipsilateral hilar lymph node metastasis, respectively. A platinum-doublet regimen was used for adjuvant chemotherapy. Survival curves were analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. Clinical-skip N2 and cN2 with N1 cases included 22 and 21 patients, respectively. Twenty-three patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. The median follow-up duration was 73months. Clinical-skip N2 had a significantly better 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) than cN2 with N1 (58.3 vs 28.6%, P = 0.038) and was an independent favorable RFS predictor. Recurrence within 18 months occurred in 71% of cN2 with N1 cases. Five-year overall survival and RFS rates in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy vs those without adjuvant chemotherapy were 82.2 vs 41.9% (P = 0.019) and 56.5 vs 28.0% (P = 0.049), respectively. Clinical-skip N2 had an excellent prognosis, and upfront surgery was acceptable. Conversely, upfront surgery followed by chemotherapy is not recommended for cN2 with N1 patients because of early recurrence.