Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Research Articles

Designing a High Gain Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Working at 3 GHz for RADAR

This study presents the design and analysis of a microstrip patch antenna optimized for radar applications operating at a frequency of 3 GHz. The antenna is designed to meet the requirements of radar systems, offering characteristics such as high gain, low profile, and broad bandwidth. The design process involves simulation using electromagnetic simulation software to achieve the desired antenna performance parameters. Various antenna parameters, including substrate material selection, patch dimensions, feeding techniques, and impedance matching networks, are carefully optimized to enhance antenna performance. The proposed antenna design is expected to exhibit excellent radiation characteristics, making it suitable for radar applications requiring reliable and efficient communication at 3 GHz frequency. This antenna designed for operating at 3 GHz, type Rogers Ultralam1217 (tm) with dielectric constant, ∈r= 2.2 tanδ (0.0009) and thickness of h = 1.6mm. The antennas are simulated using Ansys HFSS software. The performance is evaluated in terms of return loss, gain, and directivity and is deemed to be compatible with simulations.

High Directivity Microstrip Patch Antenna design using Binary Ebola Search Optimization for Radio Frequency Identification Application

Microstrip patch antenna has gained significant popularity in wireless communication field, because of its compact size, less profile, and ease of installation. It is widely used in various applications such as Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) systems, where dependable and long-range communication is made possible by the great directivity and efficiency. In this manuscript, a High Directivity Microstrip Patch Antenna design using Binary Ebola Search Optimization for Radio Frequency Identification Application (MPA-RFID-BESO) is proposed.The design of microstrip patch antennas is the difficulty in achieving high directivity while maintaining compact size and low profile. This research explains design and application-specific optimisation of the Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) of biomedical utilizing Binary Ebola Search optimization (BESO) algorithm. Microstrip patch antenna is designed to function in double and multi band applications due to its low cost, light weight, and ease of installation. MPA is made with flawed ground construction to lessen cross-polarized radiation emitted by microstrip patches and to achieve the necessary radiation parameters. Here, the cost of the materials is reduced by using a liquid crystal polymer substrate, and aerial performance is enhanced by using the appropriate geometrical parameters. The small design of the BESO optimised improves the performance of antenna as 50mm×50mm compact size. The MATLAB program uses high frequency to do the simulation method. The proposed antenna design is a preferable option for applications involving Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The performance metrics, such as radiation pattern, constant gain, directivity, bandwidth, and antenna efficiency and return loss are measured and compared to the existing techniques. The proposed MPA-BA-BESO design provides 10.51%, 12.85% and 16.04% higher bandwidth and 23.63%, 47.86% and 32.06% higher gain compared with existing designs, like Designing MPA utilizing Moth–Flame optimization approach (MPA-UWB-MFOA), Predicting Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna Dimension utilizing Machine Learning (MPA-ANN), Dual Band Antenna Design and Prediction of Resonance Frequency Utilizing Machine Learning Algorithms (DBAD-RF-CNN) respectively. The proposed technology serve as a better design alternative for microstrip patch antennas in communication systems to address biological applications.

Terahertz Wave Power Multiplication by Combining Photocurrents from Arrayed UTC-PDs

A terahertz (THz) wave generator for multiplying the output power from arrayed photomixers is developed. The generator is composed of two uni-traveling carrier photodiodes (UTC-PDs) as the photomixers, a [Formula: see text] T-junction power combiner and a microstrip rectangular patch antenna on a silicon carbide (SiC) substrate in which photocurrents of 300[Formula: see text]GHz from the UTC-PDs are combined to be fed to the antenna. Experimental results show that the output power is multiplied by 5.8[Formula: see text]dB (approximately fourfold) compared to that of a single UTC-PD. This advancement has the potential for further multiplication of THz power by cascaded combining of a larger number of UTC-PDs.

Introduction of the orthogonal mode via the polarization conversion parasitic structure for the isolation enhancement of MIMO patch antennas

Abstract In this study, a high-isolation multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) microstrip patch antenna (MPA), which utilizes an orthogonal mode cancellation method is proposed. This method employs TM10 and TM01 modes, which are simultaneously excited in the rectangular passive MPA. Initially, a rectangular decoupling structure featuring polarization rotation characteristics is designed. Further studies show that by loading the polarization conversion parasitic structure (PCPS), the electric field of the spatial coupling wave can be transformed from the x-polarized TM10 mode to the y-polarized TM01 mode. Therefore, TM10 and TM01 modes from the excited antenna and decoupling structure are concurrently coupled to the passive antenna, forming an evident weak-field region on the passive antenna. Placing the feeding probe of the passive MPA within the weak-field region prevents signal reception at the port. Consequently, this results in an extremely low mutual coupling of −49 dB at a resonant frequency of 5.8 GHz. Finally, a prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and tested, and the measured results closely match the simulated results. Additionally, it is observed that PCPS slightly influences the performance of the MIMO antenna.

Terahertz power enhancement by combining photocurrent from arrayed UTC-PDs using Wilkinson power combiner

We designed a novel terahertz wave power combiner which combines HF currents from each photomixer in a micro strip line. The generator is composed of four uni-travelling carrier photodiodes (UTC-PDs) as the photomixers, a 4 × 1 Wilkinson power combiner and a microstrip rectangular patch antenna on a Silicon Carbide (SiC) substrate in which photocurrents of 300 GHz from the UTC-PDs are combined to be fed to the antenna. Experimental results show that the output power is multiplied by 11 dB (approximately 13 times) compared to that of a single UTC-PD. The combined power increases super-linearly with the number of the photomixers, confirms a great advantage of photomixing as a current source.

For wireless LAN application, microstrip patch antenna design in S-band

This article presents a 3.5 GHz rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) designed, studied, and analyzed for wireless LAN applications. Using Fr-4 as substrate material, whose dielectric permittivity is 4.3, patch thickness is 1.65 mm, and loss tangent is 0.025. A feeding line with an impedance of 50 Ω is utilized to supply the antenna with power. Computer simulation technology (CST) software has been used to design the antenna and origin pro software has been used to display the resulting figures from the simulation. The antenna simulation showed that the return loss is -56.82 dB; the directivity gain is 6.02 dBi, the bandwidth is 0.148 GHz, and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is 1.0028. The paper aims to increase the return loss, develop a standard VSWR, increase the directivity gain of the antenna, and improve the antenna bandwidth. The results of the proposed antenna were much better than previously published papers, which were suitable for wireless applications. This proposed antenna can be used for future wireless LAN applications.

X-BAND Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna: Design, Simulation, and Analysis

Abstract: Microstrip Patch Antennas (MPA) have shown to be the most unusual finding in the era of downsizing, despite the fact that the revolution in antenna engineering has led to the rapidly expanding communication networks. The design, modeling, and analysis of rectangular microstrip patch antennas are all included in this study. The suggested patch antennas' resonating frequency is 9 GHz, which falls inside the X band area. Ansys HFSS software was used to design them using Rogers RT/duroid 5880 material, which has a dielectric constant of 2.2. Five performance metrics were used to assess the suggested MPAs: return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, gain, and HPBW. The requested information pertains to the measurements of return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and half power beamwidth (HPBW). The suggested antennas are suitable for use in radar, wireless, and satellite applications.

Centre Extended Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Satellite Applications

The advancement of wireless communication systems has resulted in the evolution of fifth-generation (5G) communication systems, which utilize mm-wave bands to achieve high data rates. 5G communication systems require antennas with high gain, low profile, lightweight, and very simple structures to ensure reliability, ease of fabrication, low cost, and high efficiency. This paper proposes the design of a single-element rectangular microstrip patch antenna that operates in the C-band at 7.1 GHz and the X-band at 9.2 GHz. The proposed antenna is simulated using Advanced Design System (ADS) software. To meet the requirements of the proposed antenna, such as high efficiency and gain, the patch is slightly modified with a mm extension of length at the center, and the performance of the antenna is studied in terms of antenna parameters such as return loss, VSWR, gain, and radiation pattern.

تصميم ومحاكاة هوائي التصحيح الشريطي الصغير المستطيل بتردد 2.45 جيجا هرتز

Design and simulation of a 2.45GHz Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna (RMPA) are presented in this paper. Duroid (RT\5880), a dielectric material with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a substrate height of 1.6 mm, was chosen for our design. After the simulation was finished, the results showed a 4.746dBi directivity gain and a (-3dB) half power bandwidth of 91.60 at the E-plane and 114.90 at the H-plane. It was found that the return loss (S11) was -8.38dB. It was found that the voltage standing wave ratio, or VSWR, was 2.23. Keywords: Rectangular microstrip patch antenna, Duroid (RT\5880), Return loss, directivity, Half Power Bandwidth, Voltage standing wave ratio, CSTSTUDIO SUITE Software

Design and analysis of a low profile, high gain rectangular microstrip patch antenna for 28 GHz applications

Design and analysis of a low profile, high gain rectangular microstrip patch antenna for 28 GHz applications

Pattern-reconfigurable integrated array antenna based on a coding metasurface.

An electrically tunable pattern-reconfigurable integrated array antenna based on a 1-bit digital coding metasurface is proposed in this paper. The array antenna consists of 8 × 8 unit cells which is divided into the radiation antenna and the phase control metasurface. The rectangular microstrip patch antenna is used as the radiation source. The phase control metasurface includes three stacked layers of square slot units loaded with varactor diodes and a biasing circuit layer. The metasurface regulates the transmission phase of the quasi-plane wave generated by the radiation antenna. The pattern reconfigurability is achieved by switching coding sequences of the metasurface which can be regulated by the capacitance of varactor diodes. The measured results show the design has the capability of pencil-beam radiation, beam deflection, and multi-beam radiation at 5 GHz. The proposed array antenna preserves the coding metasurface without requiring the additional horn antenna. This highly integrated design is more concise and reduces the profile height. This article offers what we believe is a new method for the design of high integration, multi-unit, and electrically tunable reconfigurable array antenna.

Bandwidth Enhancement of Microstrip Antenna Using Dual Feed Line with Array 2x1 element for Radar Applications

Radar communication systems are needed to predict weather and other military needs. One of the important parameters required for a radar communication system is an antenna with high performance and broad bandwidth that can improve the resolution. The research proposes a single patch microstrip antenna that is rectangular and has a 8 GHz resonance frequency for radar applications that have high bandwidth and performance. The antenna was developed with two dual feed lines connected to the peradiation element with the 2x1 element array technique aimed at increasing the bandwidth of the frequency. The antenna is designed using a FR-4 substrate with a tangent loss of 0.0265, a dielectric constant ( |r) = 4.3, a substrat thickness (h) = 1.6 mm. The dimensions of the rectangular single patch microstrip antenna substrata are 20x20 mm2 and 35x35 mm2 for the dual feed line antenna design. Simulation results from the antenna development showed a 159.62% increase in bandwidth compared to the original antenna design. The reflection coefficient also increased from the original design antenna, which was -16.36 dB, to -25.64 dB or an increase of 56.72%. This antenna is very suitable and recommended to be applied as a receiver antenna on radar communications systems

Investigation of Split Ring Resonator Based Rectangular Micro-Strip Patch Antenna for Radar Communication

The advent of antenna technology has greatly influenced the field of wireless communication. In this paper, a novel rectangular microstrip patch antenna with split ring resonators is presented. It is intended for use in the X-band, which normally operates between 8 and 12 GHz. Split ring resonators are incorporated into the radiating patch to increase gain and frequency bandwidth. Based on Rogers TMM 10TM, a dielectric material with a relative permittivity of 9.8, the antenna is made to operate at 10.4 GHz in the X-band. Several factors, such as S-parameters, radiation pattern, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), gain, and directivity are used to assess the performance of the proposed antenna. The design and simulation of the antenna need the usage of High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. The findings imply that the suggested antenna configuration has an efficiency of 93.5% and is proved to be an excellent candidate for Radar Communication because of its wide frequency bandwidth and other performances.

Designing a High Gain Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Working at 3 GHz for RADAR

Designing a High Gain Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Working at 3 GHz for RADAR

Design of a 2*2 Microstrip Phased Array Antenna for Radar Applications

Micro-strips patch antennae used in array configurations are more beneficial than single antenna element by augmenting the directivity (dB) radiation pattern, and lowering the substrate's permittivity to overcome its drawbacks, which include poor gain, low efficiency, narrow bandwidth limited directivity. It also facilitates beam-steering capability which is obtained by enabling phase difference(β) between the antennas. Beam scanning capability is used in radar and GNSS technologies. This paper proposes a 2*2 microstrip phased array antenna by using rectangular microstrip patch antenna on an FR-4 dielectric substrate for beam scanning. The resonant frequency of the antenna is at 2.52GHz frequency with a good Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) value of 1.1325. The design has been simulated in Ansys HFSS software. The simulation results exhibit antenna better performance of the proposed antenna compared to state-of-art designs present in the literature. The compactly designed Rectangular Micro-strip Patch Antenna array shows a low S-parameter (–24.127858 dB), high gain (13.689104 dB), directivity (14.055125 dB), and efficiency of 91.917%.

Design of Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna with Defected Ground Structure Method at 3.5 GHz Frequency for 5G Technology

5G technology is currently developing rapidly in various countries. 5G technology has three sub-frequencies: low band, midband and high band. Midband frequencies in Indonesia are between 2.6 GHz and 3.5 GHz. In order for 5G technology is able to be used in Indonesia, it needs an antenna that can work at 3.5 GHz and has a wide bandwidth. Microstrip antenna is a simple and efficient antenna. However, microstrip antenna has minimal bandwidth. To overcome this, certain methods are needed, one of which is the defected ground structure (DGS) method. The initial design of the antenna has dimensions according to the results of the calculation formula. Then optimization is carried out by reducing the dimensions of the antenna components. After that, the DGS method is applied to widen the bandwidth. The initial design of the single-patch antenna before using the DGS method has a return loss value of -19.96 dB, VSWR 1.22, with a gain value of 3.812 dB and bandwidth 105.1 MHz. The simulation results of the antenna using DGS have a return loss value of -39.76 dB, VSWR of 1.02, with a gain value 3.16 dB and a bandwidth of 158.4 MHz. These results prove that the use of the DGS method can increase bandwidth.

Design and simulation of high efficiency rectangular microstrip patch antenna using artificial intelligence for 6G era

Design and simulation of high efficiency rectangular microstrip patch antenna using artificial intelligence for 6G era

Inset Fed Rectangular Patch Antenna Design for ISM Band Applications

Wireless communication systems rely on efficient and compact antennas to transmit and receive signals. Microstrip patch antennas have gained popularity due to their small size, low profile, and ease of fabrication. In this study, an inset fed microstrip rectangular patch antenna using a partial ground plane is designed for ISM band applications in the frequency range of 2.4 - 2.4835 GHz. The antenna is made on a low-cost FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The dimensions of the antenna is 28.35 × 37.58 mm2. The antenna is fed by an inset feedline, which provides a compact and efficient feeding mechanism. The design of the antenna is carried out using CST Microwave Studio software. The performance of the antenna is evaluated based on various parameters such as return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, directivity, gain, and radiation pattern. The simulation results indicate that the proposed antenna achieves a return loss (S11) of -27.339 dB, a bandwidth of 0.01478 GHz (147.8 MHz), and a VSWR of 1.09. Additionally, the antenna provides a gain of 2.97 dBi, a directivity of 4.7 dBi, and an efficiency of -1.726 dB (67.20%). Overall, this design meets the requirements of decreased antenna size, lightweight, low profile, cost-effectiveness, simple manufacturing, and good performance for ISM band applications.

Design of proximity‐coupled antenna array for 5G communication

SummaryMicrostrip patch antennas (MPA) are widely used in wireless communication systems due to their ease of manufacture, low cost, and low profile. This work proposes a proximity‐coupled rectangular microstrip patch antenna array (PRMPA) adaptable for 5G applications. However, the existing research works suffered from low gain, low efficiency, and narrow bandwidth. In addition, 5G communications suffer from path loss in high‐frequency bands. For managing this issue, the large gain antenna is essential. Hence, this research aims to design and fabricate high‐gain compact 2 × 2 slotted PRMPA for 5G applications. The antenna design is simulated on HFSS and operates at 28–37 GHz. Here, the antenna parameters like length, width, and feed line parameters are optimized using a metaheuristic optimization like the mayfly optimizer (MFO). Further, a circular‐shaped metamaterial split‐ring resonator (SRR) reduces the mutual coupling. Then, Rogers RT5880 is used as substrate material, and the design operates at 34.5 GHz. The gain and radiation efficiency achieved by the proposed antenna design are 15.4 dB and 94.4% for the simulated outcomes.

Design and simulation of rectangular patch microstrip antenna with inset feed for ADS-B system

The ADS-B system serves to track the location of aircraft. Ground station in the ADSB system is a receiver system that captures aircraft location signals using frequency 1090. Antenna is a key device for ADS-B communication. This paper is intended to develop a square microstrip antenna that has a working frequency of 1090 MHz. The material used is FR4 substrate, and the dielectric material is chopper. The antenna design is simulated using Matlab's Antenna Toolbox with its various conveniences. The simulation results of the patch antenna design with inset feed optimization resulted in a working frequency close to 1090 MHz, a VSWR value close to 1 and a Gain of 9.59 dBi.