Recreational Objectives Research Articles

Exploring drivers of success in partnerships that support federal trail management in the United States

The use of partnerships with external stakeholders to support federal land management objectives is a common practice amongst government agencies. At the US Forest Service and National Park Service, partnerships provide critical support to each agency’s recreation stewardship objectives. While partnerships help these agencies increase capacity and meet recreation objectives, literature on federal land management partnerships typically focuses on large-scale collaborations and single case studies. Little remains known about how inputs and processes relate to partnership success across multiple individual partnerships to support federal trail management objectives. This exploratory study examines the perceptions of agency and partner managers in a sample of 89 partnerships to support trail work at the US Forest Service and National Park Service. Using linear regression and relative importance analysis, results show that trust, capacity, and interdependence are the most salient factors to partnership success. Furthermore, our analysis reveals a secondary set of factors that should also be considered when attempting to improve partnership outcomes.

Evaluating the safety and aesthetic of a city park (Case study: Saee Park in Tehran)

Proximity to green spaces, waterside, and various cultural or recreational objects increase the quality of life. Nevertheless, the neighborhood with the urban park also has adverse effects on the quality of life. The purpose of this research is to investigate the state of aesthetics and safety in urban parks. Aesthetic service is considered as cultural services and safety service is considered as regulatory services in the park. District 6 of Tehran was selected as a case study. The aesthetic model was used to evaluate the aesthetic quality of Saee Park and the Fuzzy DEMATEL model was used to evaluate the safety of the park. The results of the aesthetic quality assessment of this research indicate that due to the presence of Saee Park in the northeast of this region, the aesthetic quality of this region is maximum in this part and the aesthetic quality of the southwest part of this region is minimum. The results of the safety evaluation in the park also show that the guards are the most influential and the paths through the parks are the most affectability. The management of the park has the most interaction with other factors of the safety system in the park. Finally, it is concluded that the management of the park is suitable for maintaining the safety of the citizens, and in combination with other factors affecting the safety of the park, it can provide a safe environment for the citizens.

Этнокультурный туризм в системе рекреационного природопользования Северо-Восточного Кавказа

The aim of the work is to study the problems and prospects of ethno-cultural tourism development in the North-Eastern Caucasus and to assess its role in recreational nature management. Research methods: geographical, comparative-historical, demographic and ethno-cultural analysis of the territory, method of statistical processing of information and geo-system approach. Research results. The structure of ethno-cultural tourism potential including objects of natural and historical-cultural heritage, pilgrimages and unique intangible cultural heritage (art, culture, traditions and customs) was substantiated. The geographical pattern of distribution of historical and cultural heritage objects has been studied, which consists in the following: in the plain part these objects are represented mainly by houses of famous scientists, architects, artists and poets, obelisks, etc., and in the mountain zone–by tower complexes, above-ground crypts, bas-reliefs and other structures. The main types of traditional folk crafts and handicrafts (carpet weaving, felt making, jewelry, gun smithing, metal carving on wood, etc.) preserved up to nowadays as the most important resource of ethno-cultural tourism are shown. The significant share of creative potential has been identified in the mountainous part of the North-Eastern Caucasus. Conclusion. The results of the study show that the potential of ethno-cultural tourism in the North-Eastern Caucasus is not fully utilized. And this is reflected in its weak role in the system of recreational nature management. It is proved that for more effective utilization of this potential it is necessary to develop science-based approaches. The complex of problems that hinder the development of ethno-cultural tourism in the region of study is identified (shortage of highly qualified personnel, low level of service, poorly developed infrastructure, especially in mountainous areas, weak promotion of tourism products, etc.). It is shown that their decision will allow to bring this type of tourism to a higher level of economic development. It is recommended to emphasize the combination of traditional and innovative approaches in the system of recreational nature management, including ethno-cultural branding of recreation objects. The results of the study can be applied in the development of regional strategies for tourism development in the North-Eastern Caucasus, in the formation of regional and interregional tourism and recreation clusters.

ASSESSMENT OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING SACRED SITES AND THE NATURAL AND RECREATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE NORTH KAZAKHSTAN REGION FOR THE FORMATION OF TOURIST ROUTES

To analyze the potential of sacred places as well as natural and recreational objects within the borders of the North Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the development of complex tourist routes. We examined archival data and documents and assessed the results of a sociological survey using statistical and mathematical processing, with tourist routes mapped out. The material under analysis and the results of the sociological survey enabled us to evaluate the touristic appeal and relevance of sacred places, as well as that of natural and recreational objects, in the North Kazakhstan region. A number of complex routes characterized by cultural, historical, pilgrimage, archeological, and environmental diversity were proposed. The cartographic material at hand enabled us to display a spatial plan of routes and accurately reflect the development potential of the region's tourism sector. The land of North Kazakhstan has the potential to expand the tourism industry. The demonstrated sacred places and diverse natural sites enable the creation of complex routes. We assessed the sacred places’ properties and determined the degree of attractiveness exhibited by complex routes, thus confirming the tourist opportunities offered by the region. These routes were designed to promote various directives such as historical, patriotic, and cultural education, natural world exploration, pilgrimage, spiritual awakening, and archaeology. Their use will contribute to the preservation of cultural and historical values, the expansion of international and domestic relations, and the developmen t of the economy and sustainability in the region. Skillful management in planning complex tourist routes in the North Kazakhstan region will facilitate the strengthening of ties between different communities and cultures, which is of great relevance for the multinational and multicultural country that is Kazakhstan.

THE ROLE OF CAVE NAMES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN KAZAKHSTAN

Geographical names, including speleonyms, which were once not registered in official sources, have been preserved in the form of missing words or errors in the Russian language. Therefore, the task of their collection and systematization is fixed by many resolutions of the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan and other authorized bodies. One of the issues of determining the ways of implementing the project "sacred geography of Kazakhstan" and the direction of research work is aimed at restoring the names of caves. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the formation of cave names on the territory of Kazakhstan and the geographical prerequisites for their restoration. Research objectives: to determine the role of physical and geographical conditions of Kazakhstan in the formation of speleonyms; to reflect the patterns and areas of cave distribution in Kazakhstan and to analyze the geographical aspects of the formation of speleonyms; analysis of geographical aspects of the formation of speleonyms; determination of the place of speleonyms as tourist and recreational objects; making proposals for the preservation of caves and Speleonyms of Kazakhstan. The object of the study is caves and other underground parts distributed on the territory of Kazakhstan as special objects of the sacred regions of the country, the subject of the study is the conditions and meaning of the formation of the names of these caves, their geographical prerequisites and opportunities for restoration. The caves will be of great interest from a geomorphological, hydrological, bio-speleological, archaeological and paleozoological point of view. In recent years, they are studied as unique natural landscapes. The importance of caves for speleotourism is also difficult to overestimate.

ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ОБЪЕКТЫ ПРИРОДНО-КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ В РАЗВИТИИ РЕКРЕАЦИОННЫХ ПОТОКОВ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ КУРШСКОЙ КОСЫ И КУРШСКОГО ЗАЛИВА

The goal of this research is to identify and optimize possible directions and objects of culture heritage in the development of recreational flows on the Curonian spit and the Curonian bay territories. Based on the results of the 2023 field survey, including the interviews with locals and specialists as well as monographic analysis was used, possible and existing recreational objects were identified, their condition was assessed, providing and restrictive factors of development of recreation at objects were identified, possible touristic routes were determined. The Result Based Management method was used for complex analysis and comparative assessment of possible directions and objects of development of recreational flows in the territory of the Curonian Spit and the Curonian Lagoon. Its application in various geographical conditions allows to provide government bodies, investors and all parties concerned with operational and reliable insights about possibilities and priority of using natural and cultural heritage in the development of recreational flows. Such analysis at its deepening in spatial planning and design is capable of integrating data about ecosystem services, depletion/degradation, restoration of ecosystems, beneficiaries (income and benefits received) and other characteristics.

Research on the Construction of a Composite Humanistic Forest Ecological Corridor in the Main Urban Area of Daqing City

The essential significance of forest ecological corridors primarily revolves around their role in enhancing and maintaining balance in the ecological environment. However, an aspect that has not been adequately addressed is their potential in terms of recreational services. Focusing on the main urban area of Daqing City, this research investigates the integration of ecological and recreational objectives, adopting an “ecology-humanity” composite perspective. (1) Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) and connectivity analyses were employed to identify ecological sources and construct an ecological resistance framework, and potential corridors were then delineated under ecological scenarios using the Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) model; (2) then, the resistance system was refined using ArcGIS network analysis to identify potential corridors for recreational scenarios; (3) finally, this study examined the network layout of ecological and recreational routes, aiming to integrate an optimal humanistic configuration of forest ecological corridors that aligns with dual objectives. The spatial distribution of forest ecological corridors in Daqing City’s main urban area reveals a pattern where densely constructed areas predominantly feature recreational corridors and less-developed regions are characterized by ecological corridors. Ecological composite corridors serve as crucial links between these types of areas, mainly enhancing the urban layout and refining its structure.

Долгосрочная оценка режима минимального зимнего стока рек бассейна озера Севан при изменении климата

Introduction. Analysis and assessment of the statistically significant consequences of climate change for the long-term minimum 30-day winter runoff of rivers in the Lake Sevan basin is of significant interest to consumers and water resource management, being an important hydrological issue. The relevance of consideration of the issue is due to the fact that for Armenia Lake Sevan is a strategic reservoir of fresh water, a large water management complex, a source of water for hydropower and agricultural irrigation, an object of tourism and recreation. Issues of formation and calculation of the minimum runoff of rivers in the lake basin. Sevan were discussed in works, the analysis of the spatial-temporal distribution of the winter minimum decade-day, monthly and 30-day runoff can be found, for example, in works.In contrast to the listed works, in this study a technique for assessing the statistically significant consequences of climate change for the hydrological regime in relation to small foothill watersheds of the rivers of the Lake Sevan basin (Republic of Armenia) is considered. The values of the minimum 30-day water runoff within the study area can be used when calculating standards for permissible discharges into rivers, to assess natural groundwater resources, as indicators of the extremeness of river flow and in other water management calculations. Research methods and materials. The methodology is based on a probabilistic model of the formation of long-term river runoff, which is approximated by a system of linear equations for the initial statistical moments. As the source material were used the data of actual hydrometeorological observations (minimum 30-day winter river runoff, air temperature and precipitation) of the “Center for Hydrometeorology and Monitoring” of the SNCO of the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Armenia. Research results. The results of approbation of the methodology on retrospective material are presented, taking into account possible climate change both towards warming and towards cooling.The conditions for the applicability of the methodology to small foothill watersheds for assessing the minimum 30-water winter river runoff are identified. The obtained satisfactory results made it possible to assess the impact of climate change for the minimum runoff using the IPCC climate scenarios. Three climatic scenarios are considered, the model of the Max Planck Institute with a monthly time resolution. Conclusions. As a result, watersheds of rivers in the basin of Lake Sevan were identified, in which significant deviations of the predicted average annual values of the minimum 30-day winter runoff and the coefficients of its variation from the actual ones in the implementation of the considered scenarios can be expected. An analysis of the obtained results is given from the point of view of taking possible preventive measures, including strategic planning of the use of water resources in winter low water, in case of climate change.

Геосайти як атракції та базис геотуристичного повоєнного відновлення і розвитку регіону (на прикладі Придніпровської височини Київщини)

The article examines geosites as a promising basis for post-war geotourism restoration of the attractiveness of the region and the development of geotourism in Ukraine, using the example of the Dnieper Highlands of Kyiv Oblast. The key geosites-attractions of the geotourism region of the Dnipro Upland, in particular, within the Kyiv region, were studied as valuable scientific, tourist, recreational objects and geological and geomorphological attractions of this territory. The author's tourist route («Novo-Petrivsky geological section – Bohuslav granite exposure»)with sights of natural origin, as well as ways to improve the logistics of geotourism in the Kyiv region, are proposed as promising directions for the post-war recovery of the selected region and an instrument of territorial planning improving the economic situation in the region.

SURVEY OF TOURISTS' SATISFACTION LEVEL WITH POST COVID 19 TAMANI FAITH TOURISM OBJECTS YEAR 2023

This research aims to obtain empirical facts about a survey of tourist satisfaction levels with the Taman Iman tourist attraction after Covid 19 in 2023. This type of research is descriptive research, namely research conducted on independent variables without making comparisons or connecting them with other variables. Descriptive research is not intended to test a particular hypothesis, but only describes "what is" about a variable, symptom or situation. The research location or place where the research was carried out was in Dairi Regency. The research was carried out in April 2023 and was carried out for 2 weeks. In this research, the sample that will be taken is 100 respondents. Data collection in this research was through questionnaires. A questionnaire is a data collection technique that is carried out by giving a set of questions or written questions to respondents to answer. The scale used is a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used is the percentage formula. The results of the research can be concluded that out of the 100 respondents, they had a very good level of satisfaction with the Taman Iman tourist and recreational objects. The questionnaire score obtained was 20736 and obtained a percentage of 86.4 in the very good category after Covid 19. Based on the data obtained, on average each item obtained a percentage above 80%, meaning that all items were in the very good category after Covid 19. And tourist satisfaction with tourist attractions Taman Iman is very good after Covid 19.

Factors in the development of smart villages regarding tourism in the Baltic states

PurposeThis study aims to examine the nature of smart villages and the factors in their development in relation to the tourism industry in the Baltic states.Design/methodology/approachThis research employed theoretical literature analysis to conceptualize the factors contributing to smart village development, discourse analysis (analysis of good smart village branding practice), a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis to analyse semi-structured expert survey e-questionnaires to identify the nature of smart villages, as well as to analyse factors in the development of smart villages in relation to tourism in the Baltic states. Specialists who represent tourism, other businesses and the discipline of economics were chosen as experts.FindingsThe experts indicated that the development of smart villages can contribute to essential and important factors in the development of tourism such as the growth of a creative economy, the development of community culture, values, traditions and symbols, the production of local food, the establishment of unique natural, cultural and recreational objects, as well as improvement in infrastructure and the introduction of new technologies.Originality/valueThe study contributes to an understanding of the development of smart villages, given the important factors that were examined. The smart village approach is a relatively new approach to sustainable rural development and tourism promotion. In Europe, it is a better-known approach to developing local areas and tourism, yet each region has its own distinctive features.

Оценка санитарного состояния березовых древостоев в лесопарках города Тюмени (на примере экопарка «Затюменский»)

The results of a study of the state of birch tree stands of the «Zatyumensky» ecopark are presented using indicators of sanitary condition, relative living condition, relative height and a comprehensive assessment indicator. It is established that according to the indicators of sanitary and relative living condition, birch stands in all test areas are characterized as weakened. There is a general pattern of increasing the number of severely weakened and drying trees and decreasing the number of healthy trees with an increase in recreational impact. In the area of active visitation, the number of severely weakened and dying trees is 2-9 times greater, and the number of healthy trees on average is 3-4 times less in comparison with the zones of moderate and weak visits. The number of dead trees decreases by 2-5 times as the tree stand is removed from the object of linear recreation. The analysis of the types of damage to birch tree trunks showed that the most common are mechanical damage to tree trunks and the presence of fruit bodies on tree trunks. The largest number of trees with mechanical damage is noted in the area of active visitation – up to 14% of the total number of trees, which is 4-8 times higher than the same indicator in the zone of moderate and weak visits. The largest number of trees with fruit bodies on the trunks is noted in the area of weak visits – up to 7% of the total number of recorded trees. The largest number of trees with fruit bodies on the trunks is noted in the area of weak visits – up to 7% of the total number of recorded trees. In order to prevent the degradation of birch plantations of the «Zatyumensky» ecopark and increase their sustainability, a number of forestry measures have been proposed, in particular, temporary fencing of forest areas that are in critical condition for the period of their restoration; carrying out landscape felling in order to rejuvenate tree stands and create recreationally attractive and sustainable landscapes of semi-open type, etc.

Сбор и анализ информации для стратегического управления туристско-рекреационным комплексом

The author considers the possibility of solving the problems of strategic management of the tourist and recreation complex as a complicated socio-economic system, by developing a mobile application for collecting and analyzing certain relevant data required for management. The structure of the mobile application project is proposed, consisting of modules for providing users with a colour level map of the “social efficiency” of infrastructure and tourist and recreation objects of the area, general reference information about the tourist and recreation complex infrastructure, forming a tourist route, determining the user’s location on the area map, and others. The main difficulties of collecting relevant and reliable information, which is supposed to be received and processed using a mobile application, are highlighted. The key tasks that are supposed to be solved in the framework of subsequent studies are formed.

Факторы, определяющие целесообразность эксплуатации гидротехнического сооружения

The issues of the expediency of further operation of the hydraulic structure, both as part of the irrigation and reclamation complex, and in case of loss of economic purpose, are considered. The situations in which the facility operation may be inappropriate are listed. It has been established that in a number of cases the loss of economic purpose and the unsatisfactory level of safety cannot serve as a basis for the liquidation of the structure. A pond or the reservoir located in the HTS upstream and, for various reasons, not being part of the reclamation complex, during operation become an element of the local ecological system, the violation of which may be undesirable. Such structures play the role of a fire-fighting reservoir, both in settlements and in a fire hazardous area, become an object of recreation, etc. In this case, we are talking about the reprofiling of an artificial water body. The final solution of the problem, as a rule, requires a preliminary analysis of justifying materials, including technical, economic and environmental studies, as well as taking into account the social requirements of the local population. Examples of decisions on conservation / liquidation or reasons for the further operation of hydraulic structures are given. The examples are taken from the works of the Department of hydraulic engineering and hydraulics and laboratory of the HTS safety of the irrigation complex of VNIIGiM named after A.N. Kostyakov, including on declaring the safety of hydraulic structures.

РЕКРЕАЦИОННЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ГОРОДСКИХ ЛЕСОВ Г. РОСТОВ-НА-ДОНУ

This article provides an assessment of the recreational potential of the urban forests of Rostov-on-Don on the example of the Shchepkinsky forest and the Aviator Park. Both objects are located within the city and, in turn, are a recreational "refuge" for residents of the regional center. The Rostov region is one and sparsely forested (the forest cover of the territory is only 2.5%), the main part of plantations (70%) is artificial forests. Given the pace of urbanization, the development of industry and agriculture in a million-plus city, urban forests not only perform the most important sanitary and hygienic functions (protection from wind and dust, noise reduction, soil protection from erosion processes, etc.), but are also an object of recreation for local residents. When studying the recreational value of forest park landscapes, the methodology for assessing the recreational potential of plantings developed by S.L. Rysin. The assessment of each stand was carried out according to three main indicators: forest attractiveness (age of the plantation, species composition, mixture of species, height of the stand, layering, mosaic and ornamental plantings, littering with household waste, visibility), its comfort for vacationers (relief, humidity, road and path network, accessibility, distance to a reservoir, noise) and resistance to recreational impact (sanitary condition, recreational disturbance, undergrowth and undergrowth, stability of the lower layer, soil). Recreational plantings are assigned classes of recreational value (CRC). The distribution of the territories of the studied urban forests of Rostov-on-Don by classes of recreational value in accordance with the areas is given. An assessment of the attractiveness, comfort and sustainability of plantings by compartments is given. The advantages and disadvantages of each object for the purposes of recreation are given. The recreational potential of landscape glades has been determined. The need for additional measures for the further use of forests for recreational purposes has been identified.

Организационно-методические и экономические основы создания сельских курортов в глубинных территориях г. Сочи

The resort city of Sochi includes both coastal and mountain tourist and recreational clusters. Nowadays, the city needs to involve natural and recreational resources and historical and cultural heritage assets of underdeveloped low-mountain areas and subtropical agricultural lands in the tourism industry. The present research aims to determine scientific, methodological and organisational foundations for sustainable development of the aforementioned areas. The study reveals the organisational, managerial and legislative aspects of the contradiction between the legal status of rural areas and recreational objectives of the Sochi resort. Co-development of both agricultural activities and most promising types of tourism in hinterland (namely, medical, agrarian, ethnic and cognitive tourism) will help overcome this contradiction. The socio-economic impact of tourism and infrastructure development in rural districts of Sochi will contribute to the increase in employment and entrepreneurship, as well as improve the welfare of indigenous people. Subsequently, due to the creation of rural resorts, the potential of balneological and natural curative resources, unique historical and cultural heritage, natural landscapes and subtropical agri-cultural lands can be fully realised. The research findings can be used to elaborate and implement sound programmes for the spatial development of rural resorts and agro-tourism destinations in Sochi. Further research will focus on possible ways to transform rural resources into factors for the production of an integrated tourist product with unique valuable properties.

ASSESSMENT AND ZONING OF RECREATIONAL FACILITIES NORTH KAZAKHSTAN REGION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

The publication is devoted to the study and classification of zoning of recreational facilities for their possible use and development of the tourism industry in the North Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The obtained data characterizing natural and recreational objects, allowing to create a picture of their spatial placement, by the administrative districts of the region, are studied. The conducted study of recreational facilities allowed them to be zoned. These aspects allowed us to determine the degree of their demand, to identify objects already used or recommended for use as objects in the tourism industry. A cartographic material has been prepared that visually reflects the opportunities, problems and prospects for the development of the tourism industry in the region In the studied territory, recreational objects are identified, which, according to a number of similar features, we combine into five types: natural, natural-technical, architectural, historical-revolutionary, archaeological. The natural territories of the North Kazakhstan region considered by us were united into five recreational districts.

EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF CREATING LANDSCAPE AREAS FOR TEMPORARY REST

Optimization of the environment by means of landscaping is one of the most important scientific, social and economic tasks of today. Historical and contemporary public spaces are currently undergoing rapid change and this raises concerns about negative consequences.
 The basis for writing the article were the conclusions and main provisions of scientific works of recent years. Attention paid to landscape issues at different urban planning hierarchical levels. The object is determined according to the typology of landscape and recreational objects of T. Panchenko. We present materials to clarify the requirements for the formation of parks and places of temporary recreation in the historical districts of the city in a useful article for research, authors K. Zhikhareva and Professor O. Sleptsov. The purpose of the article. Based on the analysis of landscape and recreational spaces of European cities to formulate the characteristics of temporary recreation areas in the central areas of cities. New recreational public spaces in the central areas of European cities of Poland, Austria, Latvia and Czech Republic – the result of architectural and landscape competitions. The main characteristics of the architectural and planning organization depend on the compositional features of the historical environment. Article present author's photographs of the exploration of the central zone of Warsaw. Highlighted the main requirements and restrictions from regulatory sources to ensure the physical, bioclimatic, psychological, aesthetic comfort of residents. The main characteristics of the architectural and planning organization depend on the compositional features of the historical environment. Author’s field survey of the central zone of Warsaw determined. Allocate the basic requirements and restrictions from normative sources for maintenance of physical, bioclimatic, psychological, aesthetic comfort of inhabitants. The possibility of creating universal characteristics is considered.
 The issue that needs to be addressed in the reconstruction of greenery: architectural and landscape assessment to identify the compositional potential of the territory, the main functional areas and species points. For temporary recreation in the central areas of cities, small gardens and squares have the following characteristics: openness, nonlinearity and dispersion.

POPULATION AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF RECREATIONAL AND TOURIST POTENTIAL

The article defines the directions that it is recommended to assess the role of the population in the formation of recreation and tourism activities (RTA). It is proved the need to investigate the role of the population in the RTA in two main directions: 1) as a subject of recreational and tourist systems in its relation to their media (objects); 2) combined - as a subject and component of the object of recreational and tourist systems. The population forms the flows of recreation and tourists, developing relevant structures and mechanisms for their recreational and tourist service, organizes directions and fields of economic and non-economic activities that ensure the recreational needs of the population, creates a specialized recreation infrastructure, develops and implements a variety of functional and territorial organization of recreation and tourism, forms at the national and international level of territorial division of labor.
 In order to evaluate the recreational potential of a separate plot or object usually consider not the entire nomenclature of conditions and resources, but only a characteristic or typical combination. Each territory, each object of recreation and tourism has its own set (complex) of resource characteristics. And this circumstance greatly facilitates the procedure for a comprehensive assessment of recreational potential due to elimination (allocation) of a characteristic complex of terms and resources of RTA. A similar situation arises for a functional assessment of recreational potential. The valuation of conditions and resources are not developed for a general list of species and forms of RTA, but for those that are distributed in this area in this locality.
 It is determined that among the numerous characteristics and indicators of recreational potential, the concept of recreational and tourist attractiveness is one of the objective indicators of resource potential. Estimation of recreational potential for quantitative indicators of recreation and tourists and their numerical and spatial distributions creates an objective basis for all other characteristics and indicators of RTD.
 Another important characteristic of the recreational potential, which forms the population as a factor of RTA is a recreation capacity of territories and objects of RTA. The concept of "recreational capacity" is related to "recreational attractiveness". Attractiveness characterizes recreational territories and objects for their attraction, according to real flows of recreation and tourists. Recreational capacity is intended to set the upper limits of such attractiveness. Attractiveness represents the actual use of a recreational resource, and the capacity indicates its critical level of recreation, which does not lead to degradation of this resource. In recreational geography, tourism and planning of territories, this direction is well known and extremely designed. The indicators of recreational capacities for certain types and recreation forms and recreations - beach baths, short-term rest in green zones, anthropogenic load of resort zones and areas of the natural reserve fund, maximum population density in various functional zones of the big city, etc. At the same time, the zonal principles of assessing the recreational capacity of objects and areas of recreation and tourism have not yet been developed, and this actual problem is waiting for its researchers.
 The population forms a so-called anthropogenic load on the territory, and its economic activity is man-made load. Anthropogenic-technogenic load is considered as a factor of recreational and tourist activities, in turn, indicators of anthropogenic-technogenic load are the original characteristics of "anti-resource" of recreation potential. The article has proven that in the context of the study of the prerequisites for the development of recreation and tourist activities of the region also need to analyze both the quality of life of the population, in addition to the assessment of this indicator have a high contrast and diversity in the country.
 Key words: population, recreational and tourist potential, attractiveness of recreational territories, anthropogenic-technogenic load, quality of life of the population.

POTENSI DAN PRODUKSI PAKAN RUSA TIMOR (Cervus timorensis) DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS RIAU

Timor deer (Cervus timorensis) is the second largest tropical deer after sambar. Compared to other Indonesian tropical deer, the timor deer (Cervus timorensis) is unique in that it is a deer that has many sub species, with a wide spread area. Timor deer (Cervus timorensis) are widely bred in various locations because they have high economic value, in which all parts can be utilized. The potential of timor deer can be developed as part of environmental services that have high value as recreational objects. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of timor deer feed (Cervus timorensis) at the University of Riau and determine the production of timor deer feed (Cervus timorensis) at the University of Riau. The study was conducted at a prospective location for timor deer breeding (Cervus timorensis), Riau University campus covering an area of approximately 2.07 ha. Sampling was carried out using a plot of 41 plots, with a size of 1 m x 10 m. Riau University has potential as a location for timor deer breeding (Cervus timorensis). Production of all types of deer feed in captive breeding sites amounted to 2,878.67 gr/m.