Recovery Of High Added-value Compounds Research Articles

Role of infrared-assisted extraction of antioxidant phytochemicals in enhancing antimicrobial activity of Phaeodactylumtricornutum

Microalgae are a sustainable source of highly bioactive and nutritious biomolecules such as polyphenols, and carotenoids. The efficiency of a novel infrared (IR) technology in terms of optimization of phytochemical (phenolic compounds, chlorophylls and carotenoids) recovery from P. tricornutum was studied using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Optimized antioxidant activity (870 ± 22 μg TE/mL) and phenolic compound concentration (562 ± 7 mg GAE/100 g DM) were obtained using IR at 33 °C for 12 min at pH 7. In addition, chlorophyll A (26.54 ± 2.78 mg/100 g DM) and carotenoids (9.61 ± 0.40 mg/100 g DM) were recovered at the simultaneous optimal IR conditions: 56 °C, 36 min, pH 9.5. Compared to conventional aqueous extraction, IR enhanced by 10.06% the recovery of phenolic compounds and ameliorated their biological activities by 36.24% for DPPH, 17.24% for CUPRAC, 14.50% for TEAC, and 4.60% for FRAP. Finally, IR bioactive extracts also exhibited antibacterial effects against S. aureus. In conclusion, the richness of P. tricornutum in phytochemicals makes it a valuable alternative food source. IR technology proved to be an efficient method for the recovery of high-added value compounds from microalgae. Antioxidant and pigment-rich microalgae extracts can be used as dietary supplements.

Partitioning Recovery of Natural Pigments from Spirulina platensis.

In the last few decades, the recovery of high-added value compounds with high food potential using microalgae as feedstock has been one of the main challenges for both research and industry. This study provides a simple, affordable, and cost-saving approach for the selective recovery of C-phycocyanin (C-PC), chlorophyll a and carotenoids from Spirulina platensis biomass by using biocompatible and industrially approved solvents (such as CaCl2 and ethanol). The concentration and yield of each pigment in the liquid extract have been spectrophotometrically detected, whereas the decolorized protein-rich biomass has been analyzed by CIELab parameters. The most concentrated (566.4μg/mL) and food-grade C-PC extract (purity index 0.7) was obtained by applying a biomass/solvent ratio (1:10) for the first round of extraction (20min), followed by a second round at 1:5 using CaCl2 1.5% (w/v) aqueous solution. Additionally, the same trial enabled the production of the brightest decolorized protein-rich biomass (L* = 46.2), characterized by a yellow-orange tonality (h° values = 81.3°).

Ultrasound Extraction Mediated Recovery of Nutrients and Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds from Phaeodactylum tricornutum Microalgae

In recent years, a growing interest has been shown in the use of microalgae due to their interesting nutritional and bioactive profiles. Green innovative processing technologies such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) avoid the use of toxic solvents and high temperatures, being a sustainable alternative in comparison with traditional extraction methods. The present study aims to evaluate the recovery of high added-value compounds from Phaedoactylum tricornutum assisted by ultrasound. To optimize the UAE of proteins, carbohydrates, pigments and antioxidant compounds, a response surface methodology was used. Carbohydrate extraction was positively affected by the temperature. However, for the extraction of carotenoids, the most influential factor was the extraction time. The total polyphenols were only significantly affected by the extraction time. Finally, the antioxidant capacity, measured by 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), was strongly modulated by the extraction time, while for the oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) assay, the most important parameter was the temperature, followed by the extraction time. The optimal conditions for the maximum extraction of nutrients, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity were 30 min, 50 ºC and a pH of 8.5. Finally, it has been seen that with these conditions, the extraction of fucoxanthin is allowed, although no differences were found between an ultrasound-assisted extraction and a shaking extraction (control).

About two-phase olive oil washing wastewater simultaneous phenols recovery and treatment by nanofiltration

Abstract Olive oil industry is concerned to make the whole production process environmentally friendly, and this includes the treatment of the wastewater produced in the mills. In the present work, concentration and recovery of high-added value compounds (phenolic fraction) from two-phase olive-oil washing wastewater (OOWW) and the simultaneous treatment of the effluent by nanofiltration (NF) with a polymeric membrane was studied. Primarily, different pretreatments upstream the membrane unit were examined, adequating the effluent characteristics, that is, reducing the organic and inorganic concentration without compromising the phenolic content for its ulterior recovery. Among them, centrifugation was the most effective in terms of TSS abatement, no phenolic compounds loss, and subsequent highest EC and COD NF rejection. The availability of the centrifuges in the olive mills already, implying minimization of fix costs and needless of chemicals (flocculants), reinforces the proposed process. Moreover, this pretreatment enhanced the downstream stable membrane flux, up to 64.52 L/hm2, concentrating the feed up to 8.33 times. The obtention of a permeate stream with very good saline quality, COD reduced 86.76% and practically free of phenolic content, thus minimized in its recalcitrant and phytotoxic potential, and a concentrate pool enriched in these high added-value antioxidant compounds (up to 1315.7 mg/L) would allow to counter-balance the economic feasibility of the reclamation process.

An integrated process for the recovery of high added-value compounds from olive oil using solid support free liquid-liquid extraction and chromatography techniques

An integrated extraction and purification process for the direct recovery of high added value compounds from extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is proposed by using solid support free liquid-liquid extraction and chromatography techniques. Two different extraction methods were developed on a laboratory-scale Centrifugal Partition Extractor (CPE): a sequential strategy consisting of several “extraction-recovery” cycles and a continuous strategy based on stationary phase co-current elution. In both cases, EVOO was used as mobile phase diluted in food grade n-hexane (feed mobile phase) and the required biphasic system was obtained by adding ethanol and water as polar solvents. For the sequential process, 17.5L of feed EVOO containing organic phase (i.e. 7L of EVOO treated) were extracted yielding 9.5g of total phenolic fraction corresponding to a productivity of 5.8g/h/L of CPE column. Regarding the second approach, the co-current process, 2L of the feed oil phase (containing to 0.8L of EVOO) were treated at 100mL/min yielding 1.03g of total phenolic fraction corresponding to a productivity of 8.9g/h/L of CPE column. The total phenolic fraction was then fractionated by using stepwise gradient elution Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (CPC). The biphasic solvent systems were composed of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water in different proportions (X/Y/2/3, v/v). In a single run of 4h on a column with a capacity of 1L, 910mg of oleocanthal, 882mg of oleacein, 104mg of hydroxytyrosol were successfully recovered from 5g of phenolic extract with purities of 85%, 92% and 90%, respectively. CPC fractions were then submitted to orthogonal chromatographic steps (adsorption on silica gel or size exclusion chromatography) leading to the isolation of additional eleven compounds belonging to triterpens, phenolic compounds and secoiridoids. Among them, elenolic acid ethylester was found to be new compound. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Nuclear magnetic Resonance (NMR) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) were used for monitoring and evaluation purposes throughout the entire procedure.

Ellagitannin-rich bioactive extracts of Tuberaria lignosa: insights into the radiation-induced effects in the recovery of high added-value compounds.

Ellagitannins are polyphenols responsible for a number of bioactivities and health-promoting effects. These industrially important molecules can be affected by post-harvest treatments and recovery processes, but little is known about the irradiation-induced effects on their integrity, bioactivity and extractability. Herein, the impact of gamma radiation on the production of ellagitannin-rich extracts was investigated using Tuberaria lignosa as a case study. These effects were compared with those induced in flavonoids and organic acids. The extracts were particularly rich in hydrophilic antioxidants (measured by in vitro assays). The recovery of different phytochemicals was favoured by longer extraction times. Ellagitannins (mainly punicalagin derivatives) were extracted better from samples irradiated at 5 kGy and were not significantly affected by the 10 kGy dose. However, the total contents of flavonoids and organic acids were decreased by the consequent increase in irradiation dose. Therefore, this study supports the use of gamma radiation for processing T. lignosa, aiming to obtain ellagitannin-rich bioactive extracts.

Use of Supercritical Assisted Atomization to produce nanoparticles from olive pomace extract

Abstract Olive pomace is one of the most interesting wastes containing bioactive compounds; the extraction of polyphenols can represent an innovative solution for the reduction of the environmental hazard of this solid and the simultaneous recovery of high-added value compounds. In this study, Supercritical Assisted Atomization (SAA) was employed for the encapsulation in maltodextrin of phenolic compounds extracted from olive pomace. The effect of the ratio of maltodextrin content to total solid content of the extract and drying temperature on physical characteristics, total phenolic content and antioxidant properties of the powdered product were studied. The results confirmed the efficiency of the SAA process to encapsulate phenolic compounds from olive pomace extract. Particles with average diameter of 712 nm with high total polyphenol content (105.0 ± 0.1 mgCaffeic Acid Equivalent/gDry Powder) and antiradical power (98.8 ± 3.0 mgDPPH/mLextract) were obtained. These particles rich in bioactive compounds can be used as functional component in formulations of new food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products. Industrial relevance Olive pomace is considered to be a low-cost and renewable source of high-added value compounds, such as polyphenols which can be valorized by several methodologies. In this work, we assessed the efficiency of Supercritical Assisted Atomization (SAA) in order to encapsulate phenolic compounds extracted from olive pomace. The particles obtained by SAA have spherical morphology with average diameter of 712 nm. The polyphenol-rich nanoparticles produced using this technique can be potentially used in the formulation of novel food or nutraceutical products.

Potential use of pulsed electric technologies and ultrasounds to improve the recovery of high-added value compounds from blackberries

A better knowledge of the effect of non-conventional extraction technologies, which can avoid the use of high temperatures and toxic solvents, on the antioxidant compounds recovery from blackberries, is necessary. Thus, high voltage electrical discharges (HVED), pulsed electric fields (PEF), and ultrasounds (USN) treatments were applied in order to evaluate the effects of processing on protein, total phenolics and anthocyanins extraction from blackberries. Moreover, two-stage extraction involving the use of HVED, PEF and USN as pre-treatments and supplementary extraction during 5h with hot water at mild temperature (50°C) or an hydroalcoholic solution (30% ethanol, w/w) was evaluated. The impacts of both hot water (50°C) and ethanol had a positive influence in total phenolics and anthocyanin recovery, although the yield was clearly influenced by the treatment applied and the targeted compound. The highest protein (37.95±1.30mg/100g) and TPC (932.69±33.45mg/100g) yields were obtained after HVED and supplementary extraction during 5h, using ethanol and hot water at 50°C, respectively. However, the maximum anthocyanin yield (98.46±4.92mg/100g) was found after applying PEF treatment and supplementary extraction with hot water at 50°C. These promising findings open the doors to a potential multi-stage green recovery, which can improve the selectivity and the amount of high-added value compounds recovered.

Maladie de Bowen palmaire et arsenic

A large amount of wastes and by-products are generated during olive oil production process. Traditionally, these products have been considered as a problem. However, they constitute a great source of high-added value compounds, which have the potential to be used as food additives and/or nutraceuticals. Therefore, valorization of wastes and by-products from food industry kills two birds with one stone and addresses both the use of waste and by-products and societal health, thus greatly contributing for a sustainable food chain from an environmental and economical point of view.In the present review, current and new insights in the recovery of high-added value compounds from wastes and by-products generated during olive oil production process will be discussed. Several conventional (solvent, heat, grinding) and non-conventional methodologies (ultrasounds, microwaves, sub- and supercritical fluid extractions, pressurized liquid extraction, pulsed electric fields and high voltage electrical discharges) have been investigated for the recovery of high-added value compounds (polyphenols, fatty acids, coloring pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids), tocopherols, phytosterols, squalene, volatile and aromatic compounds) from wastes and by-products generated during olive oil production process.Non-conventional technologies can constitute a promising tool to recover high-added value compounds from olive oil wastes and by-products. However, the content of these valuable compounds can vary greatly depending on the matrix and the efficiency in the recovery of these compounds is highly dependent of the technology used for extraction.