Reconstruction Technique Research Articles

The value of non-enhanced CT 3D visualization in differentiating stage Ⅰ invasive lung adenocarcinoma between LPA and non-LPA

ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze the quantitative parameters and morphological indices of three-dimensional (3D) visualization to differentiate lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma (LPA) from non-LPA subtypes, which include acinar predominant adenocarcinoma (APA), papillary predominant adenocarcinoma (PPA), micropapillary predominant adenocarcinoma (MPA), and solid predominant adenocarcinoma (SPA). MethodsA group of 178 individuals diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma were chosen and categorized into two groups: the LPA group and the non-LPA group, according to their pathological results. Quantitative parameters and morphological indexes such as 3D volume, solid proportion, and vascular cluster sign were obtained using 3D visualization and reconstruction techniques. ResultsSignificant differences were observed in the vascular cluster sign, spiculation, shape, air bronchogram, bubble-like lucency, margin, pleural indentation, lobulation, maximum tumor diameter, 3D mean CT value, 3D volume, 3D mass, 3D density, and solid proportion between two groups (P<0.05). The optimal cut-off values for diagnosing non-LPA were a 3D mean CT value of -445.45 HU, a 3D density of 0.56mg·mm-3, and a solid proportion reaching 27.95%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that 3D mean CT value, lobulation, and margin characteristics independently predicted stageⅠinvasive lung adenocarcinoma. The combination of three indicators significantly improved prediction accuracy (AUC=0.881). ConclusionThe utilization of 3D visualization technology in a systematic approach enables the acquisition of 3D quantitative parameters and morphological indicators of thin-slice CT lesions. These efforts significantly contribute to the identification of histopathological subtypes for stageⅠinvasive lung adenocarcinoma. When integrated with pertinent clinical data, this offers essential guidance for developing various surgical techniques and treatment plans.

Innovative use of radial artery retrograde forearm flap for oral and maxillofacial reconstruction

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to present a novel method of reconstructing oral and maxillofacial defects using the Radial Artery Retrograde Proximal Forearm Flap (RARPFF) and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the forearm flap for direct closure of the donor site and its effect on hand function in the donor area. MethodsA prospective study of 30 patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial reconstruction with RARPFF between June 2021 and April 2024 was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the flap and its influence on hand function in the donor area. ResultsFlap survival was 93.3 %. The donor site defect in 28 out of 30 patients healed primarily. All donor sites were directly closed without complications such as splitting, tendon exposure, or numbness in the thumb or thenar region. Statistically significant differences were observed in grip strength (MD = 4.56, p < 0.001) and elbow extension (MD = 2.78, p < 0.001) at 3 months, as well as in grip strength (MD = 2.20, p < 0.001) and elbow extension (MD = 1.67, p < 0.001) at 1 year, compared to the contralateral hand. Wrist flexion, extension, radial deviation, ulnar deviation, elbow flexion, pronation, and supination did not exhibit statistically significant differences from the contralateral hand at both 3 months and 1 year. The Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ) revealed a statistically significant difference in aesthetics compared to the contralateral hand (p < 0.001), along with satisfactory overall hand function, activities of daily living (ADL), work performance, pain levels, and patient satisfaction with hand function. ConclusionsThe reverse radial artery proximal forearm flap is a dependable and secure technique for head and neck reconstruction. This method can effectively reduce donor site complications while preserving hand function.

Advanced image reconstruction for electrostatic tomography in gas-solid two-phase flow based on convolutional autoencoder neural network

The image reconstruction of flowing charged particles in gas-solid two-phase (GSTP) flow can be achieved through electrostatic tomography (EST). Accurate image reconstruction is crucial for detecting the movement patterns of the particles. In order to improve the quality of reconstructed images, a unique convolutional autoencoder neural network (CANN) is proposed. This study uses an image set generated by the linear backprojection (LBP) algorithm to train the CANN, which consists of an encoder and a decoder. The encoder utilizes convolutional and max-pooling layers to reduce the dimensionality of the images and extract key features, while the decoder restores and reconstructs the images through up-sampling and convolutional operations to closely approximate the reference image. To prevent overfitting, dropout layers are introduced after each max-pooling layer in the encoder. To verify the anti-noise capability of the network, Gaussian white noise ranging from 10 dB to 20 dB is added to the test set. The proposed CANN has been validated through simulations and experiments, demonstrating its effectiveness in overcoming noticeable artifacts and noise in reconstructed images when identifying GSTP flow patterns. Furthermore, it shows significant enhancements in imaging outcomes compared to conventional image reconstruction techniques and some current deep learning algorithms.

Study on the characteristics of blast-induced damage zone by using the wave velocity field inversion technique

The rock excavation by drilling and blasting method would lead to damage around the blasting hole, which could significantly affect the long-term stability of surrounding rock mass in tunnel, slope, or bedrock. To qualify the characteristics of blast-induced damage zone, we proposed a wave velocity field inversion imaging method, which combines multistencils fast marching methods and simultaneous iterative reconstructive technique to quickly inverse and quantify the blast-induced cracked zone surrounding the borehole. The finite-discrete element method, which has advantages in simulating the fracture and fragmentation of rocks, was used to simulate the blasting process and acoustic wave testing. The ground vibrations induced by the blasting were monitored simultaneously and the acoustic waveforms are used to invert the wave velocity field before and after blasts. The inverted wave velocity field is compared with the blast-induced cracked zone, and the relationship between the radius of the crushed zone and the cracked zone under different charges was studied. It is found that the ratio of the crushed zone radius and the cracked zone radius decreases with the increasing charge. Moreover, the relationship between the peak particle velocity at 30 m away from the borehole (PPV30) and the distribution of the cracked zone was determined.

The protocol for BROWSE-P (breast reconstruction outcomes with Strattice™ or Artia™ – pre-pectoral): a cohort study to assess long-term outcomes of immediate pre-pectoral implant based breast reconstruction with Strattice™ or Artia™

Introduction: Techniques in implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) have evolved over the last 15 years due to the introduction of mesh or acellular dermal matrices (ADMs). Traditionally, total submuscular coverage progressed to upper pole muscle cover with lower pole ADM and now total or anterior ADM cover in the pre-pectoral plane. Data is scarce to support the pre-pectoral technique but, it is suggested to result in less postoperative pain, more natural cosmesis and avoidance of animation deformity. The BROWSE study concluded that subpectoral with Strattice™ IBBR resulted in better cosmesis and lower rates of capsular contracture when compared to the total submuscular technique. The BROWSE-P study aims to assess the safety profile of Artia™ a porcine derived ADM and review the long-term outcomes of pre-pectoral IBBR with Strattice™ and Artia™. Methods and analysis: BROWSE-P is a single center cohort study. Consecutive patients who have undergone immediate pre-pectoral IBBR with Strattice™ or Artia™ from January 2017 to December 2022 will be included. Demographic, operative, oncology, complication, and further surgery data with be collected to assess the rate of revision surgery and safety profile of Artia™. Those who have their implant reconstruction in situ will be invited for clinical assessment to assess for capsular contracture. Participants will also be asked to complete a BREAST-Q post-reconstruction module, to assess patient satisfaction and quality of life, and have medical photographs taken for an assessment of aesthetic outcome by a blinded panel using the 10-point Visser scale. We aim to collect data on 500 reconstructions and complete clinical assessment, patient reported outcomes and aesthetic assessment for 250 patients.

Visibility of alveolar bone thicknesses on CBCT images-a study on minimum bone requirements using various reconstruction techniques, viewing modes, and resolutions.

To evaluate at which thickness marginal bone becomes visible to the observer on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and how reconstruction technique and viewing mode affect assessment. Fourteen anterior teeth from six human mandibles were examined with two CBCT resolution protocols: standard- and high-resolution. Distance from the cementoenamel junction to the visible marginal bone level (MBL) was measured in three groups of reconstructed CBCT images: multiplanar reformation (MPR) with grey scale, MPR with inverted grey scale, and 3D rendering. These measurements were used to identify the bone level where marginal bone width should be measured on histological photographs of sliced teeth. Gold standards comprised measurements of bone thickness at the superior MBL on histological photographs. MPR grey scale images exposed at high-resolution settings yielded highest validity: bone widths of 0.173mm (buccal) and 0.356mm (lingual) were necessary for visibility on a CBCT image. 3D-rendered lingual surfaces exposed with high-resolution settings had lowest validity. Intra-observer agreement for all CBCT and histological measurements was high. The best CBCT resolution protocol, reconstruction technique, and viewing mode for analyzing buccal and lingual surfaces of the alveolar bone margin are images exposed with a high-resolution protocol, reconstructed using MPR, and viewed in grey scale. Bone thickness required to be visualized was twice lingually compared to buccally. The visualization of bone thickness in CBCT requires a greater thickness on the lingual side compared to the buccal side. 3D-rendered reconstructions should be avoided when evaluating thin bony structures.

Complete auricular avulsion and reconstruction techniques: a literature review

Complete auricular avulsion and reconstruction techniques: a literature review

An energy-conserving dose summation method for dose accumulation in radiotherapy.

Radiation therapy often requires the accumulation of doses from multiple treatment fractions or courses for plan evaluation and treatment response assessment. However, due to underlying mass changes, the accumulated dose may not accurately reflect the total deposited energy, leading to potential inaccuracies in characterizing the treatment input. This study introduces an energy-conserving dose summation method to calculate the total dose in scenarios where patients experience changes in body mass during treatment. The proposed method transfers dose and mass data from dosimetry images, where the delivered doses were calculated, to a reference image using an energy and mass-conserving dose reconstruction technique. The reconstructed dose assumes the same resolution and dimension as the reference image. The transferred masses are averaged at each image voxel in the reference image to generate an average mass. The transferred doses are then adjusted by multiplying by the ratio of their transferred mass to the average mass, and subsequently summed to calculate a mass-weighted (MW) total dose at each voxel. This method is demonstrated with a case of lung cancer retreatment. The MW total dose was shown to be equivalent to the total deposited energy divided by the average mass. In the lung cancer retreatment case, the energy derived from the MW total dose was consistent with the sum of energy transferred from two treatments across all evaluated organs. The MW dose summation method can produce a total dose that accurately reflects the total energy deposited in each organ. The consistency may provide a robust foundation for verifying dose accumulations in adaptive radiotherapy.

Contrast-enhanced thin-slice abdominal CT with super-resolution deep learning reconstruction technique: evaluation of image quality and visibility of anatomical structures.

To compare image quality and visibility of anatomical structures on contrast-enhanced thin-slice abdominal CT images reconstructed using super-resolution deep learning reconstruction (SR-DLR), deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR), and hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) algorithms. This retrospective study included 54 consecutive patients who underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal CT. Thin-slice images (0.5mm thickness) were reconstructed using SR-DLR, DLR, and HIR. Objective image noise and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for liver parenchyma relative to muscle were assessed. Two radiologists independently graded image quality using a 5-point rating scale for image noise, sharpness, artifact/blur, and overall image quality. They also graded the visibility of small vessels, main pancreatic duct, ureters, adrenal glands, and right adrenal vein on a 5-point scale. SR-DLR yielded significantly lower objective image noise and higher CNR than DLR and HIR (P < .001). The visual scores of SR-DLR for image noise, sharpness, and overall image quality were significantly higher than those of DLR and HIR for both readers (P < .001). Both readers scored significantly higher on SR-DLR than on HIR for visibility for all structures (P < .01), and at least one reader scored significantly higher on SR-DLR than on DLR for visibility for all structures (P < .05). SR-DLR reduced image noise and improved image quality of thin-slice abdominal CT images compared to HIR and DLR. This technique is expected to enable further detailed evaluation of small structures.

Wound closure techniques after wide excision for hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects intertriginous skin areas, clinically characterized by recurrent inflamed nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts, and severe scars. Systemic treatments may provide temporary relief, while wide surgical excision offers prolonged disease-free periods. We evaluated the most efficient wound closure methods following wide excision of HS lesions in terms of recurrence, functionality, and quality of life. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov, adhering to the PRISMA 2020 criteria. We included original studies published until February 2024, focusing on wound closure methods post-wide excision for HS. Data from 121 papers were analyzed using network and direct meta-analysis methods to compare recurrence and postoperative complication rates. From 1181 articles, 121 were included in the meta-analysis after removing duplicates and excluding publications that did not meet the inclusion criteria. Recurrence rates were associated with the type of reconstruction technique as follows: primary closure, 25% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20-30%); skin grafts, 18% (95% CI, 14-22%), and flaps, 12% (95% CI, 9-15%). Secondary intention healing showed a recurrence rate of 28% (95% CI, 23-33%). Flaps were associated with the lowest recurrence rates compared to other surgery techniques.

Long-Term Outcomes of Component Separation for Abdominal Wall Hernia Repair.

Component separation is a reconstructive technique used to facilitate midline closure of large or complex ventral hernias. Despite a contemporary surge in popularity, the incidence and long-term outcomes after component separation remain unknown. To evaluate the incidence and long-term outcomes of component separation for abdominal wall hernia repair. This cohort study examined 100% Medicare administrative claims data from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2021. Participants were adults (aged ≥18 years) who underwent elective inpatient ventral hernia repair. Data were analyzed from January through June 2024. Use of component separation technique during ventral hernia repair. The primary outcomes were the incidence of component separation over time and operative recurrence rates up to 10 years after surgery for hernia repairs with and without component separation. The secondary outcome was rate of operative recurrence after component separation stratified by surgeon volume. Among 218 518 patients who underwent ventral hernia repair, the mean (SD) age of the cohort was 69.1 (10.9) years; 127 857 patients (58.5%) were female and 90 661 (41.5%) male. A total of 23 768 individuals had component separation for their abdominal wall hernia repair. The median (IQR) follow-up time after the index hernia surgery was 7.2 (2.7-10) years. Compared with patients who did not have a component separation, patients undergoing repair with component separation were slightly younger; more likely to be male; and more likely to have comorbidities, including obesity, and had surgeries that were more likely to be performed open and use mesh. Proportional use of component separation increased from 1.6% of all inpatient hernia repairs in 2007 (279 patients) to 21.4% in 2021 (1569 patients). The 10-year adjusted operative recurrence rate after component separation was lower (11.2%; 95% CI, 11.0%-11.3%) when compared with hernia repairs performed without component separation (12.9%; 95% CI, 12.8%-13.0%; P = .003). Operative recurrence was lower for the top 5% of surgeons by component separation volume (11.9%; 95% CI, 11.8%-12.1%) as opposed to the bottom 95% of surgeons by volume (13.6%; 95% CI, 13.4%-13.7%; P = .004). This study found that component separation was associated with a protective effect on long-term operative recurrence after ventral hernia repair among Medicare beneficiaries, which is somewhat unexpected given the intent of its use for higher complexity hernias. Surgeon volume, while significant, had only a minor influence on operative recurrence rates.

Research on Key Technologies of Image Steganography Based on Simultaneous Deception of Vision and Deep Learning Models

As machine learning continues to evolve, traditional image steganography techniques find themselves increasingly unable to meet the dual challenge of deceiving both the human visual system and machine learning models. In response, this paper introduces the Visually Robust Image Steganography (VRIS) model, specifically tailored for this dual deception task. The VRIS model elevates visual security through the use of specialized feature extraction and processing methodologies. It meticulously conducts feature-level fusion between secret images and cover images, ensuring a high level of visual similarity between them. To effectively mislead machine learning models, the VRIS model incorporates a sophisticated strategy utilizing random noise factors and discriminators. This involves adding controlled amounts of random Gaussian noise to the encrypted image, thereby enhancing the difficulty for machine learning frameworks to recognize it. Furthermore, the discriminator is trained to discern between the noise-infused encrypted image and the original cover image. Through adversarial training, the discriminator and VRIS model refine each other, successfully deceiving the machine learning systems. Additionally, the VRIS model presents an innovative method for extracting and reconstructing secret images. This approach safeguards secret information from unauthorized access while enabling legitimate users to non-destructively extract and reconstruct images by leveraging multi-scale features from the encrypted image, combined with advanced feature fusion and reconstruction techniques. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the VRIS model, achieving high PSNR and SSIM scores on the LFW dataset and demonstrating significant deception capabilities against the ResNet50 model on the Mini-ImageNet dataset, with an impressive misclassification rate of 99.24%.

Single stage direct -to- implant breast reconstruction following mastectomy (The use of Ultrapro® Mesh).

Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) with direct to implant (DTI) is the preferred method of reconstruction by many surgeons and patients, however, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and other synthetic meshes are expensive especially in low- and middle-income countries. AIMOF THE WORK: To evaluate the technique, indications, aesthetic outcomes, and short and long-term complications of DTI breast reconstruction performed with Ultrapro®, a low-cost alternative mesh to ADM and other synthetic meshes. Our study is a prospective cohort study that was conducted on 133 patients who experienced IBR following nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) or skin sparing mastectomy (SSM) using silicone implants and Ultrapro® mesh between December 2020 and December 2023. Techniques used were either sub-pectoral or pre-pectoral, evaluating aesthetic outcome, complication rate and patient satisfaction using breast Q questionnaire. We included 133 patients (141 breasts) with a median age of 39years. Mean duration of follow up: 20.364 ± 5.39months. The sub-pectoral and the pre pectoral techniques were used for 80 breasts and 61 breasts respectively. We used the Ultrapro® mesh in all our patients. Smooth round silicone implants were used. The overall Major complications rate was 16.3%. 8 implants (5.7%) were lost within 6months post-operatively while 2 implants were removed in the late post-operative period (after 6months) one due to rupture and the other due to local recurrence. Capsular contracture Baker 3 and 4 was observed in 36 breasts (25%), 31 of them had post mastectomy radiotherapy treatment. 11 (7.8%) were managed by capsulotomies and re-insertion of the same implant. Radiotherapy was a significant risk factors for major complications and capsular contracture with p value of (0.01) and (0.0001) respectively. DTI in properly selected patients offers excellent outcomes and patient satisfaction. The complication rate is low and improves with the experience of the surgeon. The Ultrapro® mesh is a safe, low-cost alternative to ADM or other synthetic meshes especially in low socioeconomic countries. Radiotherapy is a significant risk factor for major complications and capsular contractures.

A Comprehensive Framework for Transportation Infrastructure Digitalization: TJYRoad-Net for Enhanced Point Cloud Segmentation

This research introduces a cutting-edge approach to traffic infrastructure digitization, integrating UAV oblique photography with LiDAR point clouds for high-precision, lightweight 3D road modeling. The proposed method addresses the challenge of accurately capturing the current state of infrastructure while minimizing redundancy and optimizing computational efficiency. A key innovation is the development of the TJYRoad-Net model, which achieves over 85% mIoU segmentation accuracy by including a traffic feature computing (TFC) module composed of three critical components: the Regional Coordinate Encoder (RCE), the Context-Aware Aggregation Unit (CAU), and the Hierarchical Expansion Block. Comparative analysis segments the point clouds into road and non-road categories, achieving centimeter-level registration accuracy with RANSAC and ICP. Two lightweight surface reconstruction techniques are implemented: (1) algorithmic reconstruction, which delivers a 6.3 mm elevation error at 95% confidence in complex intersections, and (2) template matching, which replaces road markings, poles, and vegetation using bounding boxes. These methods ensure accurate results with minimal memory overhead. The optimized 3D models have been successfully applied in driving simulation and traffic flow analysis, providing a practical and scalable solution for real-world infrastructure modeling and analysis. These applications demonstrate the versatility and efficiency of the proposed methods in modern traffic system simulations.

Lithogeochemistry of Upper Precambrian terrigenous rocks of Belarus. Communication 2. Provenance, paleogeodynamics, paleogeography, paleoclimate

This publication completes the consideration of the lithogeochemical features study of a pilot collection of the Riphean and the Vendian sandstones, siltstones and mudstones (last one identified based on the interpretation results) of the Belarus. Data on the age of detrital zircon published in recent years suggest that the source rocks for the Upper Precambrian deposits of this region were the Osnitsk-Mikashevichi and the Trans-Scandinavian igneous belts, the Volyn-Brest large igneous province, rapakivi granites, as well as various associations of rocks of Sarmatia, the Danopolonian orogen and Svecofennides. The distribution of clastic rocks data points of our collection on provenance, paleogeodynamic, paleogeographic and paleoclimatic discriminant diagrams, which based mainly on the lithogeochemical composition, allows us to draw a number of conclusions. We are considering that the Riphean and the Vendian strata of the Belarus are composed mainly of intraplate granitoids erosion products, as well as various felsic igneous rocks of island-arc and syncollisional genesis. The part of mafic rocks erosion products among them generally does not exceed 30%. It`s noticeable mainly in rocks of the Volyn series (products of the Volyn-Brest large igneous province erosion), as well as in some samples of the Nizov, Selyavy and Kotlin formations (fragments of mafic rocks from other sources?). Source to sink transporting was carried out mainly by large rivers. Paleogeodynamic settings varied from quite active to quite passive. The paleoclimate in the Riphean was most likely arid/semiarid, and in the Vendian it was humid, from subtropical in the early (except for the Glussk Formation) to tropical in the Late Vendian. The research results also make it possible to show some work features for known paleoclimate reconstruction methods and techniques.

All-optical image transmission through a dynamically perturbed multimode fiber and a ring-core fiber using diffractive deep neural networks.

In this study, we present an all-optical image reconstruction technique leveraging a diffractive deep neural network (D2NN) within a ring-core fiber (RCF) architecture. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes are employed to facilitate imaging transmission. We experimentally validate the efficacy of our approach for complex field diffractive image reconstruction through a multimode fiber (MMF) and RCF at a 1550 nm operating wavelength. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method in mitigating RCF scattering-to-restoration transformation issues, significantly outperforming traditional MMF-based imaging correction techniques.

Feature Intensification Using Perception-Guided Regional Classification for Remote Sensing Image Super-Resolution

In recent years, super-resolution technology has gained widespread attention in the field of remote sensing. Despite advancements, current methods often employ uniform reconstruction techniques across entire remote sensing images, neglecting the inherent variability in spatial frequency distributions, particularly the distinction between high-frequency texture regions and smoother areas, leading to computational inefficiency, which introduces redundant computations and fails to optimize the reconstruction process for regions of higher complexity. To address these issues, we propose the Perception-guided Classification Feature Intensification (PCFI) network. PCFI integrates two key components: a compressed sensing classifier that optimizes speed and performance, and a deep texture interaction fusion module that enhances content interaction and detail extraction. This network mitigates the tendency of Transformers to favor global information over local details, achieving improved image information integration through residual connections across windows. Furthermore, a classifier is employed to segment sub-image blocks prior to super-resolution, enabling efficient large-scale processing. The experimental results on the AID dataset indicate that PCFI achieves state-of-the-art performance, with a PSNR of 30.87 dB and an SSIM of 0.8131, while also delivering a 4.33% improvement in processing speed compared to the second-best method.

Safety and aesthetic evaluation of autologous dermal fat grafts for lateral Skull base defect reconstruction

ObjectiveThe selection of appropriate materials and techniques for reconstructing skull base defects is crucial for restoring function, minimizing complications, and enhancing aesthetics. Dermal fat grafts (DFGs) have been established in many surgeries for contour correction. However, there is little literature describing the application of free dermal fat grafts for reconstruction of lateral skull base surgery defects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of using free dermal fat grafts in the reconstruction of lateral skull base defects.MethodsIn this study, 32 patients who underwent primary autologous free dermal fat graft reconstruction for lateral skull base defects were enrolled. Postoperative complications both in the donor and recipient area were evaluated. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction techniques were applied to visualize the fat graft shape and volume variations for the assessment of postoperative restoring function. A telephone questionnaire was used for the assessment of postoperative facial aesthetics and patient satisfaction.ResultsA total of 32 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study, showing satisfying results in safety and aesthetics. Participants’ ages averaged at 42.03 years, with the youngest being 18 and the oldest at 75 years old. No patient had postoperative complications of abdominal wounds in the donor area, only two patients had postoperative infections and one patient had a postoperative effusion in the recipient area. The volume of the grafts ranged from a minimum of 24.4 cm³ to a maximum of 131 cm³, with the highest recorded resorption volume being 33.63 cm³. The average resorption rate of the dermal fat graft was 24.36%, ranging from a minimum of 11% to a maximum of 43%. 3D reconstruction based on MRI imaging data indicated that DFGs have a lower resorption rate than traditional free fat grafts. The telephone questionnaire revealed high patient satisfaction with facial aesthetics, with the majority rating their outcomes positively.ConclusionsDermal fat grafts have fewer complication and can provide better resistance to infection and radiation aspect. Based on 3D reconstruction techniques via MRI imaging data, we found that dermal fat grafts have lower resorption rate than traditional free fat grafts, which can be a suitable material for reconstruction of lateral skull base defects.

No difference in osteoarthritis, but less graft failures after 5 years, comparing anatomic double-bundle to anatomic single-bundle ACL reconstruction.

The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) between the anatomic single-bundle (SB) and anatomic double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction technique after 5-year follow-up (FU). Secondary objectives were to compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), clinical examination, activity level, functional tests and graft failures between the two groups. The study was a secondary analysis after 5-year FU of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) (Clinical Trials NCT01033188). One hundred and twenty patients between 18 and 40 years were randomized to either anatomic SB or anatomic DB reconstruction. The Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) classification grade ≥2 and the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) atlas criteria score ≥2 were used for defining OA. Additionally, PROMs were obtained and clinical examinations of the knees were performed. Finally, the number of patients experiencing graft failure in each group was recorded. Radiographic imaging was performed in 39 patients in the SB group and in 37 patients in the DB group. Four patients (10%) in the SB group and two (5%) in the DB group developed osteoarthritis according to the KL classification (p = 0.28). Five (13%) in the SB group and three (8%) in the DB group developed osteoarthritis according to the OARSI atlas criteria (p = 0.59; difference 5.0% [95% confidence interval, CI: -0.10 to 0.20]). There were no significant differences in the PROMs, clinical examinations, activity levels, or functional tests when comparing the two groups. Of initially 62 SB patients, 14 (23%) experienced graft failure compared to 4 (7%) of the 58 DB patients (p = 0.015; difference 0.016 [95% CI: 0.03-0.29]). At 5-year FU, there were no significant differences in the incidence of OA, PROMS, or other clinical findings comparing the anatomic DB to anatomic SB ACL reconstructed patients. There were fewer graft failures among patients treated with anatomic DB ACL reconstruction. II.

Factors influencing clavicular tunnel widening after single bundle coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction.

The coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction (CLR) technique for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation has gained immense clinical popularity. However, this technique also has some limitations including complications such as distal clavicle fractures, coracoid fractures, bone tunnel widening, implant failure, and loss of reduction. A study was conducted to analyse the extent of CTW after single-bundle CLR by measuring radiographic parameters to determine its relationship with clinical variables to reduce the risk of clavicular tunnel widening (CTW), thereby providing important insights for clinical practice. This retrospective analysis was conducted at Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, and data from 96 patients who underwent single-bundle CLR for type III-VI ACJ dislocation between January 2018 and December 2023 were initially collected. Finally, 84 patients met the inclusion criteria (63 male and 21 female, mean age: 49.5 ± 12.36 years). The clavicle tunnel (CT) width and coracoclavicular distance (CCD) was measured immediately postoperatively and at 6 months follow up using radiographic imaging, and the degree of expansion at 6 months was recorded. Preoperative variables including patient sex, age, injury cause, injury side, body mass index (BMI), Rockwood classification, extent of the CCD after surgery, and the CT location were recorded to analyze their correlation with the extent of CTW at 6 months follow up. With an average follow-up duration of 10 months (range: 6-18 months). Both the extent of the CCD and CTW measured at 6 months postoperatively were differently enlarged, compared to early postoperative period (EPO) (P < 0.05). The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the CTW at 6 months postoperatively with respect to patients' sex, causes of injury, sides of injury, and Rockwood classification types(P > 0.05). However, the location of CT was significantly associated with the extent of CTW at 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). The location of CT drilling is a significant factor that affects tunnel widening. When the drilling site is situated closer to the conoid tubercle, the extent of CTW is greater than when the tunnel is located farther from the conoid tubercle.