Reconciliation Procedure Research Articles

Improving target budgeting in a corporate performance management system

Currently the portrayal of the procedure for developing management actions during the planning process in the scientific and professional community does not align with the practice of systematic and consistent plan creation supported by an informational analytical system. Alternatively, the non-formalized decision-making activity of the planner, which involves a situational expert approach, becomes a dependency in the planning process. This study is aimed at developing an analytical approach for implementing the plan reconciliation procedure in the process of corporate performance planning. This will increase the utilization of capabilities of the corporate performance management system and formalize the task of generating managerial actions by adjusting targeted budgeting values using mathematical methods. For this purpose, the standard planning process is enhanced by analytical support units, including the algorithm of inverse calculations of individual key performance indicators (KPI) and an advanced module for scenario modeling. The improved model of target budgeting process presented here delivers automated formation of management actions of the budgeting department and subdivision management, guided towards accomplishing strategic goals. The application of inverse calculations provides a mathematical formulation of the task of calculating indicators of planned key values, and the Sense and Respond (SaR) system allows you to supplement the mathematical formulation with weighting coefficients of key performance indicators calculated algorithmically, relying on the manager’s decisions rather than expert evaluation. The implementation of the approach we developed will improve the quality of planning by the highest priority criteria of operability, accuracy and adaptability due to the consistency and methodology of budgeting with the use of modern information technology.

Effect on a QKD Chain Going Through a Generic Pauli Channel Together with a Correction Based on the 3-qubit Code

Quantum cryptography is an emergent area in quantum technologies to set secure communication. BB84 protocol is a procedure to exchange a secure key to encode communication in the form of a chain of quantum bits. In this work, we model the non-ideal transmission of such a key through a parametric family of noisy channels: Pauli channels (including Bit-flipping and Dephasing noises). Assuming that Quantum Key Distribution is performed under such protocol, we analyse the fidelity of the transmission and the probability distribution for the imperfect outcomes. The analysis also includes the application of the quantum error correction algorithm: the 3-qubit code. Finally, we add the presence of an eavesdropper getting his conditional success rate to become unnoticed. The agreement in the basis selection between the transmitter and receiver is assumed as under a tentative reconciliation procedure. Outcomes show just positive effects on the transmission between sender and receiver, but a mild improvement for the success probability for the eavesdropper.

LSTM-based autoencoder models for real-time quality control of wastewater treatment sensor data

Abstract The operation of smart wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is increasingly paramount in improving effluent quality, facilitating resource recovery and reducing carbon emissions. To achieve these objectives, sensors, monitoring systems, and artificial intelligence (AI)-based models are increasingly being developed and utilised for decision support and advanced control. Key to the adoption of advanced data-driven control of WWTPs is real-time data validation and reconciliation (DVR), especially for sensor data. This research demonstrates and evaluates real-time AI-based data quality control methods, i.e. long short-term memory (LSTM) autoencoder (AE) models, to reconcile faulty sensor signals in WWTPs as compared to autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. The DVR procedure is aimed at anomalies resulting from data acquisition issues and sensor faults. Anomaly detection precedes the reconciliation procedure using models that capture short-time dynamics (SD) and (relatively) long-time dynamics (LD). Real data from an operational WWTP are used to test the DVR procedure. To address the reconciliation of prolonged anomalies, the SD is aggregated with an LD model by exponential weighting. For reconciling single-point anomalies, both ARIMA and LSTM AEs showed high accuracy, while the accuracy of reconciliation regresses quickly with increasing forecasting horizons for prolonged anomalous events.

THE INSTITUTION OF RECONCILIATION IN TURKISH LAW

According to the legal system currently applied in Turkey, the state initiates a public prosecution against individuals who commit crimes, and these individuals are punished after being tried in judicial courts. While this system has been in use for many years, the reconciliation procedure has recently been adopted in the Turkish legal system. Reflecting the restorative justice system inherent in our culture, the institution of reconciliation has emerged as an alternative path in our criminal justice system. The reconciliation procedure aims to restore the public order disrupted by the crime of the suspect or defen-dant through the parties’ agreement before a court trial, facilitating the reintegration of the offender into society, while also ensuring quick compensation for the victim. The reconciliation institution, applied during the investigation phase, prevents the initiation of criminal proceedings against offenders, thereby alleviating the burden on the judicial prosecution phase. The reconciliation process serves to conclude potential criminal cases by enabling the parties to reach an agreement of their own free will, thus elimi-nating the threat of criminal investigation and prosecution. The reconciliation procedure concludes more quickly than criminal trials, thereby relieving the offender from prolonged judicial pressure, and if the victim consents to the proposed compensation, their losses are promptly recovered

Analisis Prosedur Rekonsiliasi Bank pada Badan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Medan

This study aims to analyze bank reconciliation procedures for regional financial institutions and assets in the city of Medan and researchers want to know the procedures for the bank reconciliation system for the Medan City Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BKAD). The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method and in practice this research collects data and looks for references from journals and manuals. The data analysis technique used in this study was data obtained qualitatively and data collection in this research method also carried out field observations, and direct interviews with employees who were in the Regional Financial and Asset Management Office of the Medan Mayor's Office. From the results of data analysis, conclusions can be drawn and the results of the research found that the bank reconciliation procedure in the BKAD treasury sector in the city of Medan still has deficiencies, namely the checking account submitted is still in the form of paper, so the author analyzes the excessive use of paper. In addition, the bank data reconciliation process still uses a manual process that takes a long time. Keywords : procedure, reconciliation, bank data.

Analisis Prosedur Rekonsiliasi Bank pada Badan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kota Medan

This study aims to analyze bank reconciliation procedures for regional financial institutions and assets in the city of Medan and researchers want to know the procedures for the bank reconciliation system for the Medan City Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BKAD). The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method and in practice this research collects data and looks for references from journals and manuals. The data analysis technique used in this study was data obtained qualitatively and data collection in this research method also carried out field observations, and direct interviews with employees who were in the Regional Financial and Asset Management Office of the Medan Mayor's Office. From the results of data analysis, conclusions can be drawn and the results of the research found that the bank reconciliation procedure in the BKAD treasury sector in the city of Medan still has deficiencies, namely the checking account submitted is still in the form of paper, so the author analyzes the excessive use of paper. In addition, the bank data reconciliation process still uses a manual process that takes a long time.
 Keywords : procedure, reconciliation, bank data.

Communicative Competence of Judicial Conciliator

Analyzes one of the alternative ways to resolve conflicts — judicial reconciliation. A general description is given, and the legal foundations of this institution are revealed. In difficult modern conditions, this method is actively used for various disputes arising in the legal field. There are many opinions of scientists and lawyers about the similarities and differences between mediation and judicial conciliation procedures. The authors give a number of characteristic features of the judicial reconciliation procedure, according to which these categories can be distinguished, which confirms their opinion that these processes are not identical. The entire course of the judicial conciliation procedure is carried out with the involvement of an independent mediator, the functions and tasks of which are carried out by the judicial conciliator — a retired judge. The whole course of settling a disputed situation, maintaining stable relations between the opposing subjects, preventing hostility between them and concluding a final mutually beneficial and compromise agreement depends on it. To ensure the peaceful flow of the conflict resolution process, the judicial mediator must have a certain amount of skills and abilities, which are structural elements of the ‘communicative competence’ category. In this study, special attention is paid to the professional skills of a judicial mediator in the communication process. Such levels of formation of the competence of a judicial conciliator as the level of development, the level of experience, the level of skill and, finally, the level of leadership are considered. The authors pay special attention to communication techniques, the introduction and application of which during the conciliation procedure allows to ensure its peaceful course, which motivates the opposing subjects at the stage of exit from the conflict situation to conclude an agreement, taking into account the interests and opinions of each of them.

ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ПРИМИРИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОЦЕДУР В АРБИТРАЖНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В РОССИИ

The article examines the legislation of foreign countries on the reconciliation procedure, namely the provisions regulating the work of conciliation procedures that are not represented in Russian legislation. The author identifies possible problems of applying the conciliation procedures discussed in the article on the territory of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the work lies in the high importance of the institution of reconciliation as a way of settling a legal dispute. Conciliation procedures are now important in resolving conflicts between the parties to the dispute, as well as in increasing citizens' confidence in the court and the judicial system as a whole. The purpose of the study is to analyze the provisions of the legislation of foreign countries on conciliation procedures in the arbitration process and to identify the possibility of using previously unknown to Russian legislation conciliation procedures. The subject of the study is the norms of the procedural legislation of the French Republic, the Norwegian Law on Arbitration, as well as the legislation of the United States of America on conciliation procedures. By analyzing the norms of the current foreign legislation and doctrine, the author substantiates the practical impossibility of applying the conciliation procedures presented in the article. This conclusion is made on the basis of an analysis of the provisions of the arbitration procedural law of Russia regulating reconciliation issues. The author notes that the current state of the institute of reconciliation in Russia simply will not be able to properly settle the issues of a new type of conciliation procedure.

Modelling and parameter estimation of trans‐β‐farnesene coordination polymerization

Abstracttrans‐β‐Farnesene is a bio‐derived terpene monomer that can polymerize, generating polymers with properties that can be similar to the properties of conventional petroleum‐derived polymers. For this reason, in the present study, several coordination polymerizations of trans‐β‐farnesene are carried out using the Ziegler–Natta catalyst system composed by neodymium versatate (), diisobutylaluminum hidride (DIBAH), and dimethyldichlorosilane (DMDCS) in order to evaluate the influence of key operation variables on the control of average molar masses and monomer conversion. A phenomenological model is proposed to describe the coordination polymerization of trans‐β‐farnesene, and the kinetic parameters required to simulate the reactions are estimated. The initial concentration of DIBAH used as a chain transfer agent (CTA) is calculated by a data reconciliation procedure since this very active compound can participate in undesired side reactions. It is shown that the initial monomer, DIBAH, and concentrations exert strong influences on the monomer conversion and average molar masses of (poly)farnese while the temperature effect is not so pronounced. The proposed kinetic mechanism was able to predict well the experimental data collected during the reactions, with the successful reconciliation of CTA concentrations and estimation of model parameters.

Суб’єктний склад процедури примирення сторін в адміністративному судочинстві україни та держав-членів ЄС

he article discloses the subject composition of the procedure of conciliation of the parties in the administrative proceedings of Ukraine and EU member states. It is noted that the main subjects of the procedure of conciliation of the parties in administrative proceedings are the parties to the dispute themselves, who wished to reconcile, and the legislation should influence these subjects only with the aim of facilitating their achievement of peace. It is indicated that today the judge appears in the conciliation procedure as: 1) "relatively active conciliator"; 2) the subject of judicial control over compliance with legality in the reconciliation procedure; 3) the legalizer of the terms of reconciliation. In practical reality, this role of the judge is manifested in the fact that the terms of reconciliation of the parties to a public-law dispute, which they set out in the application for reconciliation, acquire legal significance for them (create real legal obligations for the parties, which they must comply with) only after , as the judge approves them. It was established that in Ukraine there is a simple model of the subject composition of the parties' reconciliation in administrative proceedings, which is characterized by certain elements of a relatively complicated model of the corresponding subject composition (the judge encourages the parties to try to reconcile, however, does not provide them with certain options for reconciliation, which they should be considered). It is noted that, unlike in Ukraine, a judge in the French Republic can not only suggest that the parties to the dispute resort to the conciliation procedure, but also oblige them to try to reconcile when he sees this as a real possibility. It was concluded that in some EU member states (for example, in the Kingdom of Spain), in which public-law disputes can be resolved through judicial conciliation (conciliation in administrative proceedings), a judge can act as a "relatively active conciliator", who, having convinced himself of the possibility to reconcile the parties to the dispute, can form for them an option (options) of reconciliation that can be accepted (modified, rejected). In addition, in some EU member states (French Republic and Kingdom of Spain), the activity of conciliators, who are certified lawyers (as a rule, lawyers), is provided for.

Introduction of the reconciliation procedure in legislation

Introduction of the reconciliation procedure in legislation

A Principled Approach to the Reconciliation Procedure: Theory and Practice

The article examines the problems of regulation and implementation of the provisions of the law on reconciliation in criminal cases. The interrelation of the norms of the institute of reconciliation with a number of principles of criminal procedure law is substantiated and it is concluded that the institution of reconciliation of the parties does not fully comply with the purpose of criminal proceedings and its principles such as the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms and the presumption of innocence. In this regard, the article proposes changes that it is advisable to make to the criminal and criminal procedure law, as well as to the guidance clarifications of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation to eliminate such contradictions. So we consider it necessary: in the text of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated 27.06.2013 N 19, to exclude the mention of the established guilt of the person against whom the criminal case is terminated in accordance with Article 25 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, and also to reflect the judgment that it is unacceptable for the law enforcement officer to allow formulations in the text of the resolution on the termination of the criminal case, indicating the proof of guilt the person against whom the decision to terminate the criminal case is made; from Articles 25, 213 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to exclude an indication of the possibility of reconciliation with the suspect; part 2 of Article 42 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation should be supplemented with paragraph 4.1 of the following content "to reconcile with the suspect, the accused person in accordance with the procedure established by Article 25 of this Code"; paragraph 15 Part 4 of Article 47 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation should be supplemented with the wording explaining to the accused the right to reconciliation in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 25 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation.

Problematic issues of divorce in court

The article examines the problematic issues of judicial divorce. Conflicting, contradictory, unresolved issues of legislative regulation of this procedure are identified, which were established on the basis of the analysis of court practice, in orderto improve the mechanism of divorce. Collisions of legal regulation of dissolution of marriage in court procedure are identified. The institution of marital reconciliation and its consequences for the divorce process between spouses are analyzed. Yes, it hasbeen determined that in practice, divorce in legal proceedings is very often used as a «circumvention» of divorce in the order of separate proceedings on the joint application of the spouses (due to clauses «d» and «o» of clause 3 of Article 3 of the Decree of the CMU «On State Duty» dated January 21, 1993), and the reconciliation procedure as prolonging the divorce process. The analysis of court practice proved that this mechanism does not contribute to the continuation of marital and family relations. Itwas concluded that, on the one hand, the legislator is interested in speedy consideration of such socially significant categories of cases as divorce, on the other hand, there are still gaps in the legislation that allow this process to be delayed. It is alsodetermined that Article 4 109 of the Family Code of Ukraine is conflicting, and the analysis of the norms of the Code of Civil Procedure, which establish and determine the procedural order of consideration of cases in courts, made it possible to conclude that the Code of Criminal Procedure does not establish special (shortened) terms for consideration of certain categories of cases in court, because in the aggregate, the terms consideration of the merits of the case in accordance with the legislation cannot guarantee a person who has applied to the court for the protection of his violated, disputed or unrecognized right of prompt resolution of the problem and contradict the norms of family legislation. The authors provided suggestions forimproving the national legislation and eliminating the above-mentioned conflicting norms.Based on the results of the analysis, the authors came to the following conclusions: 1) in order to encourage spouses to apply to a notary public with a statement on the conclusion of an agreement on alimony for a child, it is advisable to introducean exemption for parents from paying state duty when certifying such agreements by analogy with paragraph 3, Part 1, Article 5 of the Law on Court Fees, 2) by analyzing the judicial practice regarding granting spouses a period for reconciliation, it canbe concluded that, unfortunately, the institution of reconciliation does not lead to the expected results of preserving family relations, but contributes to prolonging divorce proceedings. Therefore, we propose to exclude Article 111 of the Family Code ofUkraine and Part 7 of Art. 240 of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine, 3) in order to eliminate the conflict between civil and family legislation, we propose to set out Part 4 of Article 109 of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine in the following wording: «the court considers the case of divorce within the time limits established by the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine...».

Forecast combination-based forecast reconciliation: Insights and extensions

In this paper, we build upon a recently proposed forecast combination-based approach to the reconciliation of a simple hierarchy (Hollyman R., Petropoulos F., Tipping M.E., Understanding forecast reconciliation, European Journal of Operational Research, 2021, 294, 149–160) and extend it in some new directions. In particular, we provide insights into the nature and mathematical derivation of the level-l conditional coherent (LlCC) point forecast reconciliation procedure for an elementary two-level hierarchy. We show that: (i) the LlCC procedure is the result of a linearly constrained minimization of a quadratic loss function, with an exogenous constraint given by the base forecast of the top level series of the hierarchy, which is not revised; and (ii) endogenous constraints may also be considered in the same framework, thereby resulting in level conditional reconciled forecasts where both the top and the bottom level time series forecasts are coherently revised. In addition, we show that the LlCC procedure (i.e., with exogenous constraints but the result also holds in the endogenous case) does not guarantee the non-negativity of the reconciled forecasts, which can be an issue in cases when non-negativity is a natural attribute of the variables that need to be forecast (e.g., sales and tourism flows). Finally, we consider two forecasting experiments to evaluate the performance of various cross-sectional forecast combination-based point forecast reconciliation procedures (vis-à-vis the state-of-the-art procedures) in a fair setting. In this framework, due to the crucial role played by the (possibly different) models used to compute the base forecasts, we re-interpret the combined conditional coherent reconciliation procedure (CCCH) of Hollyman et al. (2021) as a forecast pooling approach, and show that accuracy improvements may be obtained by adopting a simple forecast averaging strategy.

Примирительные процедуры в процессуальном праве и законодательстве (на примере судебной медиации и судебного примирения)

The article examines the role of conciliation procedures in civil, arbitration and administrative processes, as well as the specifics of judicial mediation and a new conciliation procedure – judicial reconciliation with the participation of a judicial conciliator. It is noted that the institutionalization of conciliation procedures and the expansion of their types are necessary to optimize the judicial process and strengthen its dispositive principles. A comparative analysis of judicial mediation and judicial reconciliation is carried out. The article considers the unity of their principles, consensuality, partial integration into the judicial process, non-jurisdictional nature; the active role of the mediator and the judicial conciliator during the mediation and judicial reconciliation procedure; a high degree of self-regulation by the parties. The differences between judicial mediation and judicial reconciliation in the order of conduct are substantiated, as well as the differences in the legal status of the mediator and the judicial mediator are explained. The necessity of fixing the measures of responsibility for the judicial conciliator in the implementation of the judicial reconciliation of the parties is substantiated. The conclusion is made about the prospects of mediation and judicial reconciliation in the legal system of Russia.

Estimation of Feeding Composition of Industrial Process Based on Data Reconciliation.

For an industrial process, the estimation of feeding composition is important for analyzing production status and making control decisions. However, random errors or even gross ones inevitably contaminate the actual measurements. Feeding composition is conventionally obtained via discrete and low-rate artificial testing. To address these problems, a feeding composition estimation approach based on data reconciliation procedure is developed. To improve the variable accuracy, a novel robust M-estimator is first proposed. Then, an iterative robust hierarchical data reconciliation and estimation strategy is applied to estimate the feeding composition. The feasibility and effectiveness of the estimation approach are verified on a fluidized bed roaster. The proposed M-estimator showed better overall performance.

Judicial Reconciliation – a Novel in the Procedural Legislation of the Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the study of novels, introduced into the procedural rules, regulating alternative reconciliation procedures, the issues concerning the legal status of the judicial mediator, introduced into the procedural legislation, are analyzed in detail. The article describes the main directions in the application of alternative reconciliation procedures in particular foreign countries. Attention is drawn to a number of wishes for improving some of the rules, governing judicial reconciliation procedure.

URDU: شریعت اسلامیہ کی روشنی میں مسلم ـ مسیحی معاشرتی تسامح :واقعہ گوجرہ(2009ء)کے محرکات کا تنقیدی جائزہ

This paper highlights the interpretation of Shariah from the viewpoint of community’s need or interests for coexistence of Christians and Muslims in a society. A case study of Gojra incident is presented with lessons learnt from this event. History witness’s coexistence of Christians and Muslims since existence of both religions. Therefore, coexistence refers to divine as well as prophetic directions and reflects to living followers with multiple socio-cultural societies of the world. Religion is often considered as a reason of conflict and has been a major driving factor of several past and current tensions among the Christian-Muslim societies. This ultimately spreads tensions in the entire community and pollutes its environment. However, religion escorts integrity in a society by establishing peace and reconciliation procedure. With the passage of time, violence under the umbrella of holy causes is gradually rising. Slaughtering in the name of God is a primary driver of violent conflicts nowadays. Same situation exists in Christian and Muslim communities in Muslim majority countries especially in Pakistan. The mentioned factors flame the conflicts among Christians-Muslims like at Gojra, Pakistan. This tragic incident took lives of seven Christians and injured 20. Moreover, more than 75 Christian houses were burnt by patrol or chemical. This research is intended to investigate many key questions associated with this incident to address this event in a more scientific and professional manner.

High throughput error correction in information reconciliation for semiconductor superlattice secure key distribution

Semiconductor superlattice secure key distribution (SSL-SKD) has been experimentally demonstrated to be a novel scheme to generate and agree on the identical key in unconditional security just by public channel. The error correction in the information reconciliation procedure is introduced to eliminate the inevitable differences of analog systems in SSL-SKD. Nevertheless, the error correction has been proved to be the performance bottleneck of information reconciliation for high computational complexity. Hence, it determines the final secure key throughput of SSL-SKD. In this paper, different frequently-used error correction codes, including BCH codes, LDPC codes, and Polar codes, are optimized separately to raise the performance, making them usable in practice. Firstly, we perform multi-threading to support multi-codeword decoding for BCH codes and Polar codes and updated value calculation for LDPC codes. Additionally, we construct lookup tables to reduce redundant calculations, such as logarithmic table and antilogarithmic table for finite field computation. Our experimental results reveal that our proposed optimization methods can significantly promote the efficiency of SSL-SKD, and three error correction codes can reach the throughput of Mbps and provide a minimum secure key rate of 99%.

Professional competences of mediators with varying degree of success in conduct of conciliation procedures

Mediation has become an increasingly popular reconciliation procedure that allows increasing the psychological security of parties to the conflict in educational and social environment, as well as legal practice. The profession of mediator is highly demanded; however, the questions of professional competence of the specialists and requirements to their personality did not receive due coverage in the scientific literature. The goal of this research consist in development of the model of professional competence and assessment of the level of professional competences of mediators with varying degree of success in conduct of reconciliation procedures. A list of professional competences and their indicators mediators, considering the professional standard – “Specialist in the Field of Mediation (mediator)”. The research involved 42 mediators from Arkhangelsk Region. The following methods were applied: questionnaire (the author developed an original questionnaire for self-assessment of professional competences of the mediator), and psychological testing based on the Five-Factor Model of Personality of Costa and McCrae's in adaptation of M. V. Bodunov and S. D. Biryukov. Statistical processing was carried out via the method of descriptive statistics, correlation and step-type multivariate regression analyses (Pearson's chi-squared test) using the software SPSS 23.00 (license agreement No.Z125-3301-14). The following conclusion was made: the model of professional competences of mediator includes communication skills, conflict management, case study, planning, and self-control. The author developed and tested the questionnaire for self-assessment of professional competences of mediators that can be implemented via 360-degree feedback method. It is established that the successful outcome of reconciliation procedure is affected by such professional competences as self-control and communication skills. Out of the list of professionally important qualities of mediator, the author highlights activity, concreteness, openness, self-restraint, self-discipline, responsibility and sociability as directly related to the success of reconciliation procedures.