Recommendations For Terminology Research Articles

P-338 Redefining elective co-parenting: a systematic assessment of concepts and definitions found in the literature and a recommendation for new terminology

Abstract Study question What concepts and concept definitions (including normative meanings) are found in the literature for forms of ‘elective co-parenting’ and which can be recommended? Summary answer Current terminology lacks comprehensiveness and often contains additional (hidden) meanings, thereby jeopardizing its usability for research on contemporary family formation. We suggest a new nomenclature. What is known already There is an increase in the variation of family forms, types of parenthood roles and methods for family formation. One such way of family building has most recently been referred to as “elective co-parenting”. Not to be confused with parenting after separation, elective co-parenting typically alludes to the intentional undertaking of a shared parental project by persons who are primarily in a reproductive (and not a ‘romantic’) relationship with each other. However, many other terms and somewhat diverging concept definitions have been put forward. It seems that a fundamental conceptual framework has not yet been established. Study design, size, duration We will adhere to a tailored set of guidelines for conceptual engineering organized in five stages: (i) Identify potential attributes by collecting a representative set of definitions, (ii) Organize the potential attributes by theme and identify any necessary & sufficient or shared ones, (iii) Develop a preliminary definition of the concept, (iv) Determine what functions our concepts should serve going forward, (v) Refine the conceptual definition and improve or replace the concept. Participants/materials, setting, methods A scoping review was performed by implementing a wide-ranging search string in ProQuest. We used the following selection criteria: the article is (a) a peer-reviewed journal article, book chapter, conference paper, or report, (b) published in the last ten years, (c) written in English, that (d) proposes an explicit concept definition (also including normative meanings). Papers cited in the retrieved publications were also included if they satisfied (a), (b), (c) and (d). Main results and the role of chance After screening the available literature for academic articles that contained one or several explicit definition(s) of ‘elective co-parenting’, and that met the other selection criteria; (a), (b) and (c), key attributes mentioned in these definitions were organized in themes, i.e. necessary and/or sufficient conditions; e.g. (a) ‘Pre-conception temporality’, (b) ‘Collaborative nature’, etc. Data analysis is currently ongoing. Our aim is to put forward a new and comprehensive concept definition. In this, we will provide more clarity by making explicit all the necessary conditions (and not merely one or two as is the case in many current definitions). Furthermore, prompted by ethical considerations (e.g. ‘elective’ puts notable emphasis on free choice), we will also propose a new term for the concept of ‘elective co-parenting’; one that is more neutral and therefore more appropriate to describe the particular family building practice. The study will be completed in the forthcoming months. Limitations, reasons for caution The main challenge of this study was the construction of a suitable search strategy to find papers on a topic for which a wide range of (often contested) concepts and terminology was used. For this, several, but certainly not all (e.g. empirical research), possible strategies and data sources were explored. Wider implications of the findings This study highlights the importance of establishing clear concepts and concept definitions in the pursuit of high quality research. Providing a more appropriate concept and concept definition for what is now known as “elective co-parenting” renders further inquiry into the topic more intellectually and ethically sound. Trial registration number N/A

Opportunities and Challenges of Utilising Big Data on SATUSEHAT Platform in Nursing: A Literature Review

The SATUSEHAT platform which is Indonesia Health Services (IHS) is a form of digital transformation initiated by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. This platform integrates the health data of all Indonesian people including medical records across health facilities which will develop into a national health data center and has the opportunity to become big health data for the Government. To face this, the nursing field must prepare for various opportunities and challenges. Objective: To provide an overview of the opportunities and challenges of utilizing big data through the SATUSEHAT platform in the nursing field. The method used in this research is literature review. The keywords used were Big data in nursing and The Application of big data for the future. Literature searches were conducted using the online database method starting from 2015-2022 through ScienceDirect, ProQuest and Clinical Key. As a result of the literature review with a case study design, it was found that opportunities for big data utilization include personalized care, nursing research development, data-based policy formulation, while challenges include increasing data processing and management competencies, integrating big data education curriculum, privacy and ethical issues and standardizing nursing terminology Recommendations It is hoped that further research can discuss the preparations that must be made to maximize the potential for big data utilization in the future.

ANALYSIS OF DISCOURSE AND TERMINOLOGY OF NATION-BUILDING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

The article analyzes the problems of nation-building terminology in policy documents, regulatory legal acts and social scientific discourse of Kazakhstan, using Norman Fairclough's three-dimensional model of critical discourse analysis. The authors divide content structure into three dimensions corresponding to Fairclough's model: text, discursive practice and sociocultural practice, which allows for a comprehensive assessment and analysis of linguistic and conceptual factors influencing the formation of national policy and public opinion. The study is aimed at identifying contradictions and discrepancies that exist in the terminological base and discursive practices. The authors offer specific recommendations for unifying terminology to improve the effectiveness of public policy in the field of nation-building.

Pregnancies at the Uterotubal Junction: A Review of Terminology (Interstitial, Cornual, and Angular) and Recommendations for Management.

Ectopic pregnancies are one of the most common causes of obstetric mortality worldwide. Interstitial ectopic pregnancies, defined as an extracavitary pregnancy within the portion of the Fallopian tube that transverses the myometrium, have reported mortality rates approximately seven times higher than all types of ectopic pregnancy combined. In contrast, intracavitary eccentric gestations, often labeled as "cornual" or "angular" pregnancies, have reportedly high rates of live birth. Unfortunately, the terms "interstitial," "cornual," and "angular" have long been used with varying diagnostic criteria and often interchangeably to describe a pregnancy near the uterotubal junction. The inconsistency in nomenclature and lack of clear diagnostic criteria to distinguish among these pregnancies has resulted in a paucity of data to provide accurate prognostic information and guide appropriate management. This review article aims to provide historical context for the terms "interstitial," "cornual," and "angular;" discuss previous and more recent innovations of diagnostic methods; and provide recommendations for concise terminology and inform management.

Recommendations for uniform terminology in animal-assisted services (AAS)

AbstractThrough the years, the range of services involving animals benefiting people, often described as “animal-assisted interventions” (AAIs), has been plagued with confusing and inconsistent taxonomy, terminology, and definitions. This has caused difficulties for the delineation of roles of service providers, for the recipients of services, as well as for the preparation, training, and expectations of the animals that work in different roles. It can be argued that these difficulties have compromised the development of the field in terms of establishing agreed standards of practice, qualifications, and competencies and adopting good animal welfare practices. It has also likely limited the base of evidence, as search terms used to access studies are not consistent, and study protocols are difficult to compare, lacking uniformity in terminology. Additionally, the current terminology cannot accommodate the expansion and diversification of programs in recent years, which is likely to continue as the field evolves. Establishing internationally agreed upon uniform taxonomy, terminology, and definitions is crucial to more accurately reflect the key features of different approaches, to define the scope and competencies for different service providers and their animals, to provide transparency about services for recipients, and to ensure the appropriate preparation, training, and support of the animals that work with them.The recommendations in this article are the result of an international work group that convened over the course of two years. The umbrella term animal-assisted services (AAS) is proposed, defined as services that arefacilitated, guided or mediated by a health or human service provider or educator, who works with and maintains the welfare of a specially alongside a specially qualifying animal to provide therapeutic, educational, supportive and/or ameliorative processes aimed at enhancing the well-being of humans.AAS are further categorized into three main areas: treatment, education, and support programs. A recommendation for provider-specific terminology is also suggested. The aim of these proposals is to set clear expectations and boundaries for each specialty of practice, without compromising the richness and diversity of each approach. The adoption of this new umbrella term and its categories is intended to improve clarity for all involved in the receipt and delivery of services, as well as for those who study their effects.

Society of Family Planning Committee Statement: Abortion nomenclature

Models of abortion care are continually evolving and expanding. Historically, advocates, lawyers, journalists, clinicians, and researchers have used a variety of terms to refer to different types of abortion. In 2004, Weitz and colleagues published an editorial laying out the need to develop consensus on standard terms because, “the terminology used to describe abortion procedures influences political, legislative and medical institutions” [ [1] Weitz T.A. Foster A. Ellertson C. Grossman D. Stewart F.H. “Medical” and “surgical” abortion: rethinking the modifiers. Contraception. 2004; 69: 77-78 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (32) Google Scholar ]. Standardization of abortion nomenclature and terms used to refer to different types of abortion will increase uniformity and accuracy in communication about abortion care. The Society of Family Planning’s recommendation is to use the terms medication abortion and procedural abortion for common use in clinical guidance, journal articles, print materials, websites, media, advocacy, policy briefs, and other communication about abortion care. These recommendations align with recommendations from several other organizations including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [ [2] Heuser C.C. Sagaser K.G. Christensen E.A. Johnson C.T. Lappen J.R. Horvath S. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: A critical examination of abortion terminology as it relates to access and quality of care. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2023; 228: B2-B7https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2022.12.302 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (1) Google Scholar ], the Society of Maternal-Fetal Medicine [ [3] American College of Obstetricians and GynecologistsGuide to Language and Abortion. 2022; : 1-2 Google Scholar ], and the COMS Project [ [4] COMS ProjectAbortion Terminology Recommendations. 2023; : 1 Google Scholar ]. We recognize the importance of language and its role in providing access to care that is both equitable and that centers the patient experience. We also recognize that language is complex and nuanced. We encourage medical societies and others in sexual and reproductive health, rights, and justice fields, to use these terms, while also inviting discussion and continued research on the optimal approach to abortion nomenclature.

Recommendations for terminology and the identification of neuropathic pain in people with spine-related leg pain. Outcomes from the NeuPSIG working group.

Pain radiating from the spine into the leg is commonly referred to as "sciatica," "Sciatica" may include various conditions such as radicular pain or painful radiculopathy. It may be associated with significant consequences for the person living with the condition, imposing a reduced quality of life and substantial direct and indirect costs. The main challenges associated with a diagnosis of "sciatica" include those related to the inconsistent use of terminology for the diagnostic labels and the identification of neuropathic pain. These challenges hinder collective clinical and scientific understanding regarding these conditions. In this position paper, we describe the outcome of a working group commissioned by the Neuropathic Pain Special Interest Group (NeuPSIG) of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) which was tasked with the following objectives: (1) to revise the use of terminology for classifying spine-related leg pain and (2) to propose a way forward on the identification of neuropathic pain in the context of spine-related leg pain. The panel recommended discouraging the term "sciatica" for use in clinical practice and research without further specification of what it entails. The term "spine-related leg pain" is proposed as an umbrella term to include the case definitions of somatic referred pain and radicular pain with and without radiculopathy. The panel proposed an adaptation of the neuropathic pain grading system in the context of spine-related leg pain to facilitate the identification of neuropathic pain and initiation of specific management in this patient population.

Stigma, Incommensurability, or Both? Pathology-First, Person-First, and Identity-First Language and the Challenges of Discourse in Divided Autism Communities.

Stigma, Incommensurability, or Both? Pathology-First, Person-First, and Identity-First Language and the Challenges of Discourse in Divided Autism Communities.

Optimal Terminology for Services in the United States That Incorporate Horses to Benefit People: A Consensus Document

Objectives: To recommend (1) the adoption of optimal terminology for referring to services in the United States that incorporate horses and other equines to benefit people, and (2) the discontinuation of especially problematic terminology. Design: A diverse multidisciplinary consortium of individuals, including representatives of relevant national organizations, participated in an inclusive, systematic, and comprehensive 2-year consensus-building process. Results: Twelve specific types of services were identified that relate to one of three broad areas of professional work: therapy, learning, or horsemanship. Related to the area of therapy, five distinct types of therapies were identified: counseling, occupational therapy, physical therapy, psychotherapy, and speech-language pathology. Therapy-first language is recommended that foregrounds the exact therapy (e.g., physical therapy) and adds precise equine-related descriptors as warranted (e.g., physical therapy using equine movement). Related to the area of learning, three distinct types of nontherapy services were identified. The recommended terminology for referring to these services is equine-assisted learning in education, equine-assisted learning in organizations, and equine-assisted learning in personal development. Related to the area of horsemanship, four distinct types of nontherapy services were identified. The recommended terminology for referring to these services is adaptive equestrian sports, adaptive riding or therapeutic riding, driving, and interactive vaulting. The plural term, equine-assisted services, is recommended as a concise shorthand for easily referencing multiple services that differ from each other, yet share the horse as a common thread. Terms recommended for discontinuation include equine therapy, equine-assisted activities and therapies, equine-assisted therapy, equestrian therapy, hippotherapist, hippotherapy clinic (program), horse therapy, horseback riding therapy, and therapy riding. The consensus-building process culminated in extensive but not unanimous endorsements of all terminology recommendations. Conclusions: Terminology recommended for adoption clearly describes and distinguishes 12 distinct types of services. Terminology recommended for discontinuation was found to be ambiguous, misleading, no longer useful, or to have adversely affected stakeholders. It is hoped that all recommendations will prove useful and serve to enhance the professionalism and viability of specific identified services. It is also hoped that improved precision and clarity in terminology for naming specific services will advance their future scientific development and reliable measurement of effectiveness. Not all terminology-related challenges were resolved, however, and new challenges will likely arise as services continue to evolve and diversify. Significant impacts, if any, of the terminology recommendations herein merit ongoing monitoring and the question of optimal terminology merits revisiting in the foreseeable future.

Classifying Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2 Based on LAST Recommendations.

The Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology (LAST) recommendations classify human papillomavirus-associated squamous lesions into low- and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs/HSILs). Our study aimed to assess interobserver agreement among 6 experienced pathologists in assigning 40 anal lesions previously diagnosed as anal intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (AIN 2) to either HSIL or non-HSIL categories. Agreement based on photomicrographs of H&E alone or H&E plus p16 immunohistochemistry was calculated using κ coefficients. Agreement was fair based on H&E alone (κ = 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34-0.52). Adding p16 improved agreement to moderate (κ = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.54-0.62). On final diagnosis, 21 cases (53%) had unanimous diagnoses, and 19 (47%) were divided. When designating p16 results as positive or negative, agreement was excellent (κ = 0.92; 95% CI, 0.83-0.95). Among variables (staining location, extent, and intensity), staining of the basal/parabasal layers was a consistent feature in cases with consensus for positive results (20/20). Of the 67 H&E diagnoses with conflicting p16 results, participants modified 32 (48%), downgrading 23 HSILs and upgrading 9 non-HSILs. Although p16 increased interobserver agreement, disagreement remained considerable regarding intermediate lesions. p16 expression, particularly if negative, can reduce unwarranted HSIL diagnoses and unnecessary treatment.

THE COMBINATION OF EXTERNAL RADIATION THERAPY WITH HIGH DOSE RATE BRAHYTERAPY BOOST FOR PROSTATE CANCER: A COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF TWO FRACTION MODES

The purpose of the study was to analyze treatment outcomes in prostate cancer patients, who received external radiotherapy combined with high dose rate (HDR) 198 Ir brachytherapy boost of 10 Gy in 2 fractions or 15 Gy in 1 fraction. Material and methods. Between July 2012 and June 2017, 98 patients with prostate cancer received radiation therapy at N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology (St-Petersburg, Russia). Intensitymodulated radiation therapy (IMRT) at a total dose of 46–50 Gy was delivered to the prostate, seminal vesicles and regional lymph outflow areas (RTOG, 2009). The patients were then divided into 2 groups. Group I patients (81 patients, 82.7 %) received HDR brachytherpy boost of 10 Gy in 2 fractions, Group II patients (17 patients, 17.3 %) received HDR brachytherpy boost of 15 Gy in 1 fraction. Inclusion criteria were: high or extremely high risk of relapse according to NCCN (2010), no evidence of distant metastases and no evidence of pronounced urinary tract disorders (residual urine volume less than 50 ml, IPSS less than 17 points, maximum urination rate ≥10 ml / sec). Assessment of radiation-induced complications (toxicity) was carried out in accordance with generally accepted RTOG / EORTC (1995) criteria and taking into account the terminological recommendations of CTCAE v 4.0 (2009). Results. The median follow-up time was 39.2 [30.7; 48.7] (20.3–69.8) months in Group I and 37.0 [30.9; 47.9] (23.7–50.7) months in Group II. The 3-year disease-free survival rate in the study groups regardless of the boost was 77.1 % (75.9 % in Group I and 77.8 % in group II, p=0.7). The 3-year disease-free survival rates in patients with high and extremely high risk regardless of the radiotherapy regimen were 88.6 % and 70.8 %, respectively (р=0.04). Genitourinary early radiation toxicity and rectal intestinal early radiation toxicity of grade 3 were observed in 13.5% and 12.3 % of Group I patients and in 17.6 and 5.9 % of Group II patients. The most significant late complications were the formation of urethral stricture (1 patient of group I) and postradiation rectal stenosis (1 patient of group II). Evaluation of the level of erectile function in both groups showed a significant decrease in satisfaction with the quality of sexual life, which, apparently, can be explained not only by radiation damage to the structures responsible for hemodynamics of the penis, but also by castration syndrome due to prolonged hormonal deprivation in the vast majority of patients. Conclusion . The combination of external beam radiation therapy with HDR brachytherapy boost is an effective method of radical treatment of prostate cancer patients with high and extremely high risk of recurrence.

Homology of posterior interray plates in crinoids: a review and new perspectives from phylogenetics, the fossil record and development

AbstractDespite their importance for understanding phylogeny, character evolution and classification, well‐constrained homology relationships for posterior plating in crinoids have only recently been attempted. Here, we re‐evaluate posterior plate homologies in all major crinoid lineages using development, fossil ontogenies and phylogenetic evidence. Based on these lines of evidence, we change terminology for some posterior plates to correct misnomers and make recommendations for updated terminology of others to better reflect homology. Among pentacrinoids (disparids, hybocrinids, eucladids, flexibles and articulates) the relative position of posterior interray plates, not their topology, reflects homology. From proximal to distal, pentacrinoid posterior plates are the radianal, anal X and right sac plate, regardless of the total number of plates in the adult calyx. Camerate posterior plating contrasts with pentacrinoids, but insufficient data are available to resolve homology relationships between these two clades. More examples of early post‐larval ontogeny are needed in camerates and other Palaeozoic crinoids.

Joint report on terminology for surgical procedures to treat pelvic organ prolapse.

Surgeries for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) are common, but standardization of surgical terms is needed to improve the quality of investigation and clinical care around these procedures. The American Urogynecologic Society and the International Urogynecologic Association convened a joint writing group consisting of 5 designees from each society to standardize terminology around common surgical terms in POP repair including the following: sacrocolpopexy (including sacral colpoperineopexy), sacrocervicopexy, uterosacral ligament suspension, sacrospinous ligament fixation, iliococcygeus fixation, uterine preservation prolapse procedures or hysteropexy (including sacrohysteropexy, uterosacral hysteropexy, sacrospinous hysteropexy, anterior abdominal wall hysteropexy, Manchester procedure), anterior prolapse procedures (including anterior vaginal repair, anterior vaginal repair with graft, and paravaginal repair), posterior prolapse procedures (including posterior vaginal repair, posterior vaginal repair with graft, levator plication, and perineal repair), and obliterative prolapse repairs (including colpocleisis with hysterectomy, colpocleisis without hysterectomy, and colpocleisis of the vaginal vault). Each of these terms is clearly defined in this document including the required steps of the procedure, surgical variations, and recommendations for procedural terminology.

Grading immunohistochemical markers p16INK4a and HPV E4 identifies productive and transforming lesions caused by low- and high-risk HPV within high-grade anal squamous intraepithelial lesions.

SummaryObjectivesBecause current guidelines recognise high‐grade anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and low‐grade SILs (LSILs), and recommend treatment of all HSILs although not all progress to cancer, this study aims to distinguish transforming and productive HSILs by grading immunohistochemical (IHC) biomarkers p16INK 4a (p16) and E4 in low‐risk human papillomavirus (lrHPV) and high‐risk (hr)HPV‐associated SILs as a potential basis for more selective treatment.MethodsImmunostaining for p16 and HPV E4 was performed and graded in 183 biopsies from 108 HIV‐positive men who have sex with men. The causative HPV genotype of the worst lesion was identified using the HPV SPF10‐PCR‐DEIA‐LiPA25 version 1 system, with laser capture microdissection for multiple infections. The worst lesions were scored for p16 (0–4) to identify activity of the hrHPV E7 gene, and panHPV E4 (0–2) to mark HPV production and life cycle completion.ResultsThere were 37 normal biopsies, 60 LSILs and 86 HSILs, with 85% of LSILs caused by lrHPV and 93% of HSILs by hrHPV. No normal biopsy showed E4, but 43% of LSILs and 37% of HSILs were E4 positive. No differences in E4 positivity rates were found between lrHPV and hrHPV lesions. Most of the lesions caused by lrHPV (90%) showed very extensive patchy p16 staining; p16 grade in HSILs was variable, with frequency of productive HPV infection dropping with increasing p16 grade.ConclusionsCombined p16/E4 IHC identifies productive and nonproductive HSILs associated with hrHPV within the group of HSILs defined by the Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology recommendations. This opens the possibility of investigating selective treatment of advanced transforming HSILs caused by hrHPV, and a ‘wait and see’ policy for productive HSILs. What's already known about this topic? For preventing anal cancer in high‐risk populations, all patients with high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) are treated, even though this group of lesions is heterogeneous, the histology is variable and regression is frequent. What does this study add? By adding human papillomavirus (HPV) E4 immunohistochemistry to p16 INK4a (p16), and grading expression of both markers, different biomarker expression patterns that reflect the heterogeneity of HSILs can be identified.Moreover, p16/E4 staining can separate high‐risk HPV‐associated HSILs into productive and more advanced transforming lesions, providing a potential basis for selective treatment.

BI-RADS, C-RADS, CAD-RADS, LI-RADS, Lung-RADS, NI-RADS, O-RADS, PI-RADS, TI-RADS: Reporting and Data Systems.

In this online presentation, nine American College of Radiology Reporting and Data Systems, from BI-RADS to TI-RADS, are individually reviewed, and the publication trends for each and expert resour...

Fascial nomenclature: Update on related consensus process

The term fascia is increasingly used not only by anatomists but also by other professionals and authors in different health‐oriented fields. This goes along with an inconsistent usage of the term, in which many different tissues are included by different authors causing an increasing amount of confusion. The Fascia Research Society acted to address this issue by establishing a Fascia Nomenclature Committee (FNC) with the purpose of clarifying the terminology relating to fascia. This committee conducted an elaborate Delphi process to foster a structured consensus debate among different experts in the field. This process led to two distinct terminology recommendations from the FNC, defining the terms “a fascia” and “the fascial system.” This article reports on the process behind this proposed terminology as well as the implications for inclusion and exclusion of different tissue types to these definitions. Clin. Anat. 32:929–933, 2019. © 2019 The Authors. Clinical Anatomy published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Clinical Anatomists.

Teoretyczne aspekty tworzenia elementów dokumentacyjnych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem abstraktów a ich rzeczywisty kształt. Propozycja badań w obszarze artykułów z czasopism z zakresu bibliologii

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF DOCUMENTARY ELEMENTS WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION OF ABSTRACTS. A RESEARCH PROPOSAL CONCERNING ARTICLES FROM BIBLIOLOGY JOURNALSReferring to the changes taking place in modern scholarly communication and the specificity of scholarly discourse, the authors present the latest conclusions from research concerning improvement of comprehensibility of documentary analyses, summaries and abstracts. This is influenced by text readability, and the structure and cognitive value of documentary elements. The authors present a typology of such elements as well as their distinctive features. On this basis they propose a new research methodology. Thanks to this methodology it will be possible to verify: 1. whether elements attached to articles from bibliology journals are, according to recommendations, more readable easier to comprehend than the content of the articles themselves;2. the current tendency in their length, which should be increased, according to recommendations;3. whether, in accordance with recommendations, all keywords have been used in the elements, which will facilitate article indexation in databases; 4. whether the existing terminological recommendations correspond to the actual language usage. The initial results obtained by the authors show that research in this area should be continued, as the proposed hypotheses require in-depth analysis and verification.

Labels and epilepsy — An online survey of patients and those close to them

Publications on the topic of appropriate labels for someone with diagnosed epilepsy have so far almost exclusively consisted of views of professionals in this field. We conducted an online study of patients treated for epilepsy and persons close to them with the aim of identifying which label they prefer, whether they oppose the term “epileptic”, and which characteristics are related with their preferences. In total, 328 responses were analyzed. Subjects mostly favored “person-first” terminology (“person having epilepsy” and “person with epilepsy”), and 53.9% disapproved of the term “epileptic”. Parents of patients are more likely than patients themselves to favor the label “person having epilepsy” and to disapprove of the label “epileptic”. These results can help with shaping future terminology recommendations.

Recommendation for terminology: Nodules without arterial phase hyperenhancement and with hepatobiliary phase hypointensity in chronic liver disease.

5 Technical Efficacy Stage: 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1169-1171.

Trends in HIV Terminology: Text Mining and Data Visualization Assessment of International AIDS Conference Abstracts Over 25 Years.

BackgroundThe language encompassing health conditions can also influence behaviors that affect health outcomes. Few published quantitative studies have been conducted that evaluate HIV-related terminology changes over time. To expand this research, this study included an analysis of a dataset of abstracts presented at the International AIDS Conference (IAC) from 1989 to 2014. These abstracts reflect the global response to HIV over 25 years. Two powerful methodologies were used to evaluate the dataset: text mining to convert the unstructured information into structured data for analysis and data visualization to represent the data visually to assess trends.ObjectiveThe purpose of this project was to evaluate the evolving use of HIV-related language in abstracts presented at the IAC from 1989 to 2014.MethodsOver 80,000 abstracts were obtained from the International AIDS Society and imported into a Microsoft SQL Server database for data processing and text mining analyses. A text mining module within the KNIME Analytics Platform, an open source software, was then used to mine the partially processed data to create a terminology corpus of key HIV terms. Subject matter experts grouped the terms into categories. Tableau, a data visualization software, was used to visualize the frequency metrics associated with the terms as line graphs and word clouds. The visualized dashboards were reviewed to discern changes in terminology use across IAC years.ResultsThe major findings identify trends in HIV-related terminology over 25 years. The term “AIDS epidemic” was dominantly used from 1989 to 1991 and then declined in use. In contrast, use of the term “HIV epidemic” increased through 2014. Beginning in the mid-1990s, the term “treatment experienced” appeared with increasing frequency in the abstracts. Use of terms identifying individuals as “carriers or victims” of HIV rarely appeared after 2008. Use of the terms “HIV positive” and “HIV infected” peaked in the early-1990s and then declined in use. The terms “men who have sex with men” and “MSM” were rarely used until 1994; subsequently, use of these terms increased through 2014. The term “sex worker” steadily increased in frequency throughout conference years, whereas the term “prostitute” decreased over time.ConclusionsThe results of this study highlight changes in HIV terminology use over 25 years, including the addition, disappearance, and changing use of terms that reflect advances in HIV research and medical practice and destigmatization of the disease. Coupled with findings from related quantitative research, HIV-related terminology recommendations based on results of this study are included. Adoption of these recommendations will further efforts to use less stigmatizing language and facilitate effective communication between health professionals and people affected by HIV.